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Video tags
Subtitles
Russian
00:00:00
[music]00:00:16
[music]00:00:20
today we will talk to you about00:00:22
religious representations of two great00:00:24
cultures of the ancient east, the first two00:00:27
civilizations00:00:28
the first urban civilizations on earth00:00:31
which are somehow00:00:33
certain source code of our00:00:35
civilization because that's how it is00:00:39
it turned out that somewhere is not ours00:00:40
modern civilization will turn out to be something00:00:43
what in it she took for example from00:00:45
the middle ages about the middle ages it's horrible00:00:47
for example from the Roman Empire and to the Roman00:00:49
the empire came from Greece as an example00:00:51
the Greeks took it in only 2 places either00:00:54
in Egypt or in Babylon or among the Sumerians00:00:58
Well, Babylon took it from Sumer accordingly00:01:00
this means we have two Sumerian sources00:01:03
civilization and the civilization of the ancient00:01:05
Egypt00:01:06
of course it's all very strong00:01:08
modified by our modern00:01:09
culture, everything that was taken from there but00:01:11
Almost everything was taken from there or00:01:13
It’s completely difficult to say, and today I00:01:17
I would really like a review on without00:01:19
talk about some details00:01:22
what religious ideas00:01:24
existed in these first two00:01:26
civilizations and I already offer you00:01:28
think about how this could affect00:01:31
in our religious performances and00:01:33
after all on your own thesis00:01:37
my boldest thesis my such oh00:01:39
that if we dig carefully we00:01:41
one way or another their ideas about00:01:43
world and including their religious00:01:45
views, whatever they may be, we are one way or another00:01:48
otherwise we will find any of that Egyptian00:01:50
left of that ancient Sumerian yes I really00:01:52
love this thought experiment00:01:53
because he has the right to00:01:55
existence simply according to history00:01:57
reasons and today let's try00:02:00
carry it out00:02:01
To do this, let's look at religious00:02:04
presentation of these two greats00:02:05
civilizations but first of all I will00:02:09
today we talk about the period which00:02:11
started around the end of four00:02:13
millennium BC when here in00:02:18
this in this area00:02:20
highlighted in green on the map which00:02:22
called the fertile crescent00:02:24
the first urban civilizations arose in00:02:27
land I am between Mesopotamia00:02:31
and ancient Egypt according to the latest data00:02:34
it seems like Mesopotamia a little bit earlier but00:02:36
it literally can't be much at all00:02:39
be for a couple of centuries, what in general is that?00:02:41
so many years ago almost simultaneously00:02:43
at the same time and independently there is very00:02:45
it is also important to understand what it is00:02:47
happened simultaneously and independently00:02:49
but somehow not only the first two00:02:53
urban civilizations arose in this00:02:55
region but also those00:02:56
inventions that led to00:02:58
emergence of urban civilizations00:03:00
I want to say right away why it’s so important00:03:02
to say that this is the time00:03:04
this is the time of the emergence of urban00:03:06
civilization of humanity to this moment00:03:08
has existed for about 40 thousand years already, well00:03:10
modern human species homo sapiens00:03:12
sapiens and he has some kind of culture00:03:14
and he lives there too somehow yes00:03:17
and is building something, but why this one?00:03:19
the period is interesting because it was in00:03:21
this period is happening00:03:23
urban revolution in how when00:03:25
the first ones are invented and arise00:03:27
urban civilizations have exactly this form00:03:29
form of life form of civilization we00:03:32
reproduced to this day I have nothing00:03:33
we didn't really come up with anything new00:03:35
just this form of urban civilization00:03:38
Well, is it better to modernize it there?00:03:41
technological progress happened and00:03:43
other strange things happened but00:03:45
essence we live inside the same00:03:47
structures are forty thousand years old00:03:49
people lived somehow differently then something00:03:51
something happened downstairs00:03:55
from this moment from this moment we are00:03:59
started living the way we started and00:04:01
we've been going on for six thousand years now00:04:03
times but a little less actually00:04:07
it's in this fertile crescent00:04:09
all these inventions arose that00:04:12
led to the emergence of urban00:04:14
civilizations in these territories00:04:15
animals were first domesticated00:04:18
pets started to be small00:04:21
cattle such as goats and sheep and then00:04:25
the rest and it was in this region that they began00:04:28
first00:04:31
cultivate the land and plant grains00:04:34
let's say I cultivate grains00:04:37
wheat 2 main crops and probably00:04:40
even more likely, mainly the cell then00:04:42
that, for example, the soils of Mesopotamia are better00:04:44
suitable for reading than for wheat and00:04:47
this is where it all happened in this00:04:50
fertile crescent and right here00:04:52
then these two civilizations arose which00:04:54
only at first glance if this is your first time00:04:56
leafing through a textbook on ancient history00:04:58
may seem similar to you, yes they have00:05:01
there are some similarities, of course00:05:03
they have some similarities because00:05:04
both of these civilizations are engaged00:05:07
irrigation farming, that is, digging00:05:10
canals to irrigate their fields00:05:12
yes but they are building some kind of monumental00:05:16
architecture and among this monumental00:05:18
architecture has a pyramidal shape like00:05:20
main main most noticeable00:05:22
let's say then00:05:23
but it’s like everything else in them00:05:26
would be completely opposite00:05:28
said that I offer you today in00:05:30
as such a certain00:05:31
experiment because we don't have much00:05:33
historical lecture and how much like this00:05:35
philosophical is a kind of philosophy00:05:37
culture00:05:38
look at these two civilizations as00:05:40
200:05:41
but like two opposite poles like00:05:43
two opposites what00:05:45
opposite different let's do this00:05:46
different paradigms of attitude towards the world00:05:49
otherworldly to a person in general yes00:05:52
today we'll talk about00:05:53
otherworldly, that is, about what we can00:05:56
call it the word sacred, or venous?00:05:58
whatever you prefer to call it00:06:00
transcendental00:06:01
look at these two civilizations as00:06:03
a year or two then two points of such extreme and00:06:05
understand that one way or another everyone else00:06:08
our ideas are somehow between them00:06:09
is it located before or to the same policy?00:06:12
lean towards the other00:06:13
this is my offer to you00:06:14
first I want to tell you that this is of course00:06:17
not the first cities on earth the first city00:06:19
Jericho was on the territory of modern00:06:22
Palestine but this is not urban00:06:24
civilization is also very good00:06:25
understand that the city was like a fenced00:06:27
space space fenced00:06:30
walls where people began to live completely sedentary00:06:33
life began to be introduced, yes, but at the same time00:06:35
this cannot be called urban civilization00:06:37
just no sign of others00:06:38
there was no urban civilization there, but for00:06:41
urban civilization still needs00:06:42
a certain set of signs that are now00:06:44
went deaf noise00:06:47
but you have to understand that Eric is very00:06:49
ancient settlement even before ceramics00:06:52
there weren't even ceramics there yet00:06:53
the first layers of the settlement but here he is00:06:56
This is what this excavation attempt looks like00:06:58
restoration of those remains of buildings00:07:01
who were there but there is one more00:07:04
phenomenon that preceded and which00:07:06
actually have to do with the attitude towards00:07:08
man's view of the beyond00:07:12
phenomenon gobekli tepe do phenomenon which00:07:14
in recent years there are those scientists00:07:16
who had the courage to notice him yes00:07:19
they are of course forced to reconsider00:07:21
there are a lot of ideas about bar haiking and00:07:23
about the beginning of our civilization but because00:07:27
you used to think to everyone that this is it00:07:29
civilization of the ancient Sumerians with every yes00:07:33
no large settlements00:07:36
great joint work for sure00:07:38
no monumental construction00:07:40
Well, it probably didn’t happen before but in00:07:42
ninety-five completely by accident00:07:44
in Turkey it is southern Anatolia00:07:47
at the excavation diamond hybrid whether TP-2 is not00:07:50
We were going to find nothing special except00:07:52
I think they were looking for some kind of Byzantine00:07:54
cemetery, that is, nothing sensational00:07:57
was actually found completely00:07:59
amazing object that shows00:08:02
to us that the beginning of our civilization00:08:04
is located precisely in this view of00:08:06
sacred to a sacred object which00:08:10
represents an entire temple00:08:11
complex of megalithic origin with00:08:14
with these stone columns00:08:16
T-shape is just one of the parts00:08:19
this is just one part00:08:21
yeah this is what it looks like00:08:24
bird's eye view00:08:25
approximately 10-5 percent has now been excavated00:08:29
this hill and it’s already clear what’s there00:08:33
there will be more much more here00:08:37
these are the columns processed on00:08:40
some columns are painted like you00:08:41
see the image the image of the birds still00:08:44
something similar to pictographic00:08:46
drawings picture and image00:08:50
animal but if you00:08:53
this is this this is this this is the first thing00:08:56
what question should you have00:08:57
what time do they belong to because it is00:09:00
everything is fine of course but megalithic00:09:02
structures we have already seen this in general00:09:04
nothing new but the problem is that00:09:06
all megalithic structures that00:09:08
were previously known on planet earth00:09:10
they belong to about the third00:09:12
fourth maximum mid-fourth00:09:14
millennium BC and these are friends00:09:18
mine and this refers to the tenth00:09:19
millennium BC further may00:09:22
be even by eleven o'clock somewhere like that00:09:23
suddenly it turns out that our history exists00:09:26
idea of a person's ability to00:09:29
self-organization of large communities and00:09:31
construction of some monumental buildings00:09:33
related to practical needs00:09:34
structures suddenly expand dramatically to00:09:37
because who built this complex00:09:40
and it is quite obvious that this complex00:09:42
there was no one to build except the small ones00:09:44
nomadic tribes of hunters and gatherers00:09:47
which just somewhere during00:09:50
construction is ruining the Great Patriotic War started00:09:52
start farming00:09:54
development of cereals and apparently this happened00:09:57
almost loves it right at the construction site00:09:59
or etc. or some time before00:10:02
but this is about the same time00:10:04
process and why how00:10:07
small tribes of fifty hundred people00:10:09
were able to allocate workers for construction00:10:12
such huge buildings, why do they need this?00:10:14
it was necessary what purpose guided them why they00:10:17
spent a huge amount of time00:10:19
summer of year and year demanded yes this00:10:21
construction I wonder what happens next somewhere00:10:23
8th millennium this temple complex is00:10:26
definitely no one had a temple complex00:10:28
this raises doubts about what it is00:10:30
ritual building what is it00:10:33
not wanting any and burial there too00:10:36
there was no such thing as this temple complex00:10:39
he was covered with earth, that is, his00:10:42
at first it was organized for a long time and painfully00:10:44
built by people who don’t know how00:10:47
self-organized, we don't have any00:10:49
ideas about why a hunter and00:10:50
the gatherer abandons his hatched ones00:10:52
We’ll tell you the places then and that’s all00:10:55
build and even need to send people there00:10:57
they need to be fed, they are absolutely huge00:10:58
resources that are not related to what00:11:01
which scientists thought I wouldn’t take00:11:03
we are at the stage will give up to the city00:11:05
civilization to urban civilization00:11:07
gives resource to resource management power00:11:10
writing there and so on agriculture00:11:13
which can feed these workers00:11:14
yes, but nothing here is clear to anyone00:11:17
in fact, nothing is still clear with00:11:19
they love accidents, only one thing is clear00:11:21
for some reason people needed this for some reason00:11:23
they found resources and sent people00:11:26
because of course something00:11:30
non-trivial forced them to do it but00:11:33
this is roughly a reconstruction of what it looks like00:11:35
this building should have looked like this00:11:37
the actual stages of construction were found nearby00:11:40
the quarry in which these people were meddling00:11:42
T-shaped columns are still there00:11:46
unfinished abandoned let's say00:11:48
the columns in this quarry are from there00:11:50
delivered and installed like this00:11:52
here are circles concentric semi labyrinths00:11:55
were installed and lined up that00:11:59
this is what it is, but no one understands it00:12:01
what is this is clear just what it is00:12:03
temple complexes what are you and me what00:12:06
we see yes we see the person in front00:12:09
otherworldly before calling something00:12:11
sacred sacred capable of00:12:13
such feats, roughly speaking, yes, but this00:12:16
something must shed for us00:12:18
some light on the mystery of humanity00:12:20
creatures and perhaps a secret00:12:22
human community I will not00:12:24
especially comment I hope you do so00:12:26
you know what you can think about here, but00:12:28
without attention to such a phenomenon as00:12:31
lips accident we probably won't be able to do anything00:12:33
understand about early civilizations between00:12:34
battle etc.00:12:35
and the first civilizations in ancient00:12:37
in the east there is a huge gap in the wooden00:12:39
because the first civilizations in ancient times00:12:41
east appear at the end of the fourth00:12:43
millennium BC Egypt are you00:12:45
this 10-11 millennium BC then00:12:48
it's obvious it's obvious00:12:51
big gap00:12:52
but nevertheless, if we are those you are the number00:12:54
we don’t see anything, it seems to me there too00:12:56
it’s not really clear, that is, it seems to me00:12:57
like an anthropologist that I’m still mine00:13:00
specialty philosophical anthropology00:13:01
what we00:13:03
considering a person in his relation to00:13:05
beyond limits, this is a must00:13:07
take into account yes because it's something for us00:13:09
I have something very important to say about00:13:12
a person's abilities, what he is ready for00:13:15
here above00:13:16
let's say go sacrifice and so on00:13:19
self-organize well if you00:13:23
interesting, I’ll now announce the signs00:13:25
urban civilization what exactly00:13:27
occurs when it occurs what is needed00:13:29
for us to count that it arose no00:13:31
not only cities because any00:13:33
fenced and settlement any settlement00:13:36
fenced with a wall, yes that’s essentially it00:13:37
city city fenced garden this is it00:13:41
all cognates00:13:44
but there are more signs, yes, of course we00:13:48
cities are needed as control centers00:13:50
trade culture and cult and these cities00:13:52
attention no city we need cities00:13:54
yes, that is, we need cities and some kind of00:13:57
communication between them so that it is00:13:59
one city system is not enough00:14:02
case of Jericho we need social00:14:04
stratification because that’s how it’s structured00:14:06
city culture people in it00:14:07
are divided into 3 main classes00:14:11
before social ones like this appear00:14:13
class this priesthood before the war is conditional00:14:20
saying yes or the military aristocracy well and00:14:23
productive class and at least00:14:28
at least this is very clear and00:14:29
separation occurs again00:14:32
highly developed craft specialization00:14:34
division of labor all processes at the stage00:14:36
urban civilization technological00:14:38
it's getting so complicated00:14:40
what if earlier there in the primitive era00:14:43
a person could basically provide for himself00:14:46
he could do everything he needed, just about everything00:14:48
himself more or less give or take here00:14:51
every process there is a smelting process00:14:53
metal to the fabric making process00:14:56
the processor and you are baking bread so much00:14:59
technologically difficult what is for this00:15:01
several specialists are needed and each of them00:15:04
them may and may not be related to others00:15:06
yes, that is, in a direct way they can be00:15:08
anonymously to each other but in order to00:15:11
only people need to smelt metal00:15:13
they mined his ore, but they can’t00:15:16
know who will be there next00:15:17
smelting their task is to extract ore later00:15:19
the second, for example, will melt it00:15:21
actually 3 will be smelted from this00:15:24
from floated onto metal will do00:15:26
some metal products 4 will be00:15:28
sell them and only use 500:15:30
gardener how would we get something like this00:15:31
chain when there are a lot of processes and00:15:33
people are anonymous so what do you need?00:15:36
society if she is big at the same time00:15:37
there are no longer 50 people who can do everything00:15:39
agree with each other and find out00:15:41
everyone knows each other by sight, of course00:15:44
we need the advent of writing this is 100:15:46
one of the main basic and necessary00:15:48
signs of urban civilization and here00:15:51
letters deal with the first two00:15:53
writing on earth and to Mesopotamia00:15:55
apparently a little bit earlier and then00:15:57
Egypt on their own absolutely they00:15:59
invent 2 first two types00:16:01
writing is interesting that what we00:16:03
now we do it when we write yes it’s faster00:16:06
thank you more than anything to Egypt00:16:07
Mesopotamia, we got it all from there00:16:09
in fact, what if we perceived from00:16:12
Mesopotamia before we would not have written00:16:14
this is how you printed some prints00:16:17
left but if you are interested and then00:16:20
I’ll tell you why I say this and00:16:25
further to the monumental cult00:16:29
construction here all the words are important00:16:30
words are important and first of all they build00:16:32
large structures for centuries, roughly speaking00:16:34
and all this construction is cult00:16:38
we find quite a few early ones00:16:41
settlements of houses or even palaces but00:16:45
we immediately see the temples00:16:46
we can say that these early civilizations00:16:48
this civilization that arose as00:16:51
infrastructure around the temple you are temple00:16:53
complexes and this is very visible when you00:16:55
see urban reconstruction what is it00:16:58
for a Sumerian city it’s easy00:17:01
it is obvious that this infrastructure00:17:02
temple complex everything that happens00:17:05
Sumerian civilization this building00:17:07
temple in this artificial mountain is given on00:17:09
mounds say from the temple above and then00:17:13
extension to this game I actually to00:17:15
this barn temple complex00:17:18
public will give00:17:20
grain and all other buildings there00:17:22
some priestly premises all the others00:17:24
yeast and the city is already emerging00:17:26
infrastructure providing temple00:17:28
complex because the peasants who00:17:30
engage in farming and do not live in the city00:17:33
of course yes, this is the main feeding one00:17:35
strength she doesn’t live in cities she lives00:17:37
where she actually is and the fields00:17:38
it's located, it's clear 7 and the city is00:17:41
such a diet infrastructure in Rome00:17:43
date tenants to the military aristocracy00:17:47
which provides the opportunity00:17:48
the existence of a huge temple00:17:50
complex, that is, these are all early00:17:52
civilizations are cities around a temple they00:17:54
arise00:17:55
for them yes and arise around nickname and in00:17:59
in general, this is the first thing we see on00:18:01
in fact, we are basically both00:18:04
architecture it could be very00:18:05
short-lived simply did not survive for00:18:07
we need to this day no remains from00:18:09
of her and the temple we see her remains we see them00:18:12
and the foundation and sometimes they even00:18:13
are preserved quite well and00:18:16
emergence of long-distance trade00:18:18
economic system which what00:18:20
serves also serves the temple00:18:22
complex because actually a person00:18:24
long-distance trade is not necessarily necessary00:18:26
the distance is where he is00:18:28
lives and can cope quite well00:18:29
he needs to trade on his own00:18:32
long distance when he needs00:18:34
some of these products are very rare00:18:37
luxury products that are needed in00:18:39
temple activities of the cult you gave00:18:41
some incense and need incense faith00:18:44
something like that and without which you can’t00:18:46
some oil rare some00:18:48
the tree needed is rare, for example Mesopotamia00:18:51
there is practically no wood and they00:18:53
all the time they go somewhere for her somewhere in00:18:55
Lebanon then to the mountains00:18:57
in the east to one way or another along the elephant00:19:02
bone metals precious stones that's all00:19:05
not needed in the national economy, sorry00:19:07
yes, all this is necessary for existence00:19:09
temple complex you existence00:19:11
true cult one way or another like this00:19:14
one way or another if we watch00:19:15
pay close attention to the signs throughout the city00:19:17
urban civilization we can see00:19:19
that these are some signs00:19:22
reducible, if desired, to providing00:19:25
cult is not cooler at all or00:19:28
otherwise there is this puzzle to put together00:19:30
it turns out that this is all for the sake of00:19:31
do you like to serve someone else already?00:19:34
quite where the accepted one is already covered00:19:36
fell asleep a long time ago and was forgotten, no one remembers00:19:38
that he was probably something of a temple00:19:41
and something monumental and sacred here00:19:43
something like this, that is, install00:19:45
some kind of relationship with the otherworldly here00:19:47
for some reason this person is so00:19:49
serious need for this00:19:50
maybe this is one of the reasons00:19:52
the emergence of this civilization00:19:55
in which we live without any connection with00:19:57
we cope well with the otherworldly00:19:59
and whether we cope well or not so well00:20:02
great it's like I'm in doubt00:20:04
leaving well, let's move on00:20:08
let's return to this fertile place of ours00:20:11
crescent moon and let's finally go for a walk around00:20:13
these wondrous lands, this absolutely00:20:15
amazing marvelous cultures but 100:20:20
the Sumerian civilization arose judging by00:20:22
anyway, we'll go there and talk00:20:25
here's about their relationship beyond00:20:28
otherworldly in religious00:20:29
representations of these two pictures which00:20:31
you should immediately be given some feeling00:20:34
aesthetic level and how different00:20:38
they have an idea of the otherworldly yes00:20:40
here is a Syrian stone relief deity00:20:44
era and here in front of you is also a relief but00:20:46
painted from Nefertari's tomb00:20:48
which you see Nefertari herself and00:20:50
leading and and Isis the goddess Isis well here00:20:54
even on an aesthetic level if00:20:56
we just don't know anything about these00:20:58
the cultures you live here are somehow different00:20:59
the feeling of the beyond is already felt00:21:03
how different, how different the music is, but about00:21:05
this I'll say it's so small00:21:07
spoiler for what I want to tell you00:21:09
that civilization00:21:11
and they are close, they will contact with some00:21:13
moment is not immediately fortunately they are first00:21:16
stages develop without contact00:21:17
practically with each other apparently00:21:19
or without any serious contacts00:21:22
at least that's why they have very00:21:24
your face is very unique here with no one00:21:27
you won't confuse the Egyptians you won't confuse them with anyone else00:21:28
at all00:21:29
equal to the Sumerians themselves, they can00:21:32
confuse tucas and their their followers those00:21:34
who took everything from them, this is the maximum00:21:36
how could we be wrong, let's start here00:21:41
actually from the civilization of ancient Sumer00:21:43
before arising in the valley of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers00:21:46
river civilization like all the first ones00:21:48
urban civilizations be it00:21:50
civilization in the valley and as if00:21:52
civilization of ancient China is always00:21:54
river civilization dependent on reg well00:21:58
this civilization arises on00:22:01
very favorable soils yes they are00:22:03
partly these are arid semi-steppes00:22:09
and semi-deserts I am partially swampy00:22:12
the area right here in the area00:22:15
Persian Gulf below Viti00:22:16
observed in the Persian Gulf region00:22:19
this is where the first cities arise00:22:21
hand raid00:22:23
ur lags and well, it’s like the Sumerians were00:22:29
a very difficult fate in the sense that they00:22:31
got such lands where it is necessary all the time00:22:33
there was a fight for the harvest, now there's a fight for00:22:35
the harvest is about them, the Egyptians are lucky00:22:37
much more than just paradise00:22:40
the breadbasket of the east, but the Sumerians needed00:22:44
fight hard for the harvest because00:22:45
despite the fact that the rivers especially the Euphrates00:22:48
spilled and carried fertile silt and00:22:52
due to this fertile silt due to these00:22:54
alluvial deposits of the land itself00:22:57
in itself very very00:22:59
barren became but something00:23:02
so that it can still be cultivated, but at00:23:04
we didn't have a lot of problems in the first place00:23:06
the rivers flooded extremely irregularly and00:23:08
very uncontrollable, that is, I didn’t have it00:23:10
either drought or flood00:23:12
they had floods of such magnitude00:23:14
that their civilization was completely interrupted00:23:17
these three-meter layers and lavas00:23:19
archaeological site they say00:23:21
very eloquently what a flood is00:23:24
in this civilization therefore precisely in this00:23:26
civilization there is a flood myth00:23:28
who destroyed everything and only survived00:23:31
one family of righteous people and you remember00:23:34
where did this myth come from?00:23:37
this civilization but how does this myth get there00:23:39
got into the bible of course you should00:23:41
remember that where Abraham had to00:23:43
get out to start your journey00:23:44
become the ancestors of the chosen people from00:23:47
cheers comrades of the Chaldean who00:23:50
located right here almost here00:23:53
the very shore of the Persian Gulf00:23:55
as close as possible to one of the most ancient00:23:56
Sumerian cities from the Chaldean Ur00:24:00
he came out and of course these are all00:24:02
messages from this civilization yes they were00:24:05
common to these peoples00:24:07
because it's the same region00:24:09
dissemination of meanings and then where00:24:12
Abraham left Ur of the Chaldeans alone00:24:16
walked walked walked where he ended up in00:24:20
in Egypt he found himself in addition to and awe00:24:22
Gepid also visited this00:24:24
let this data be for you00:24:27
except that there is a fact let them00:24:28
will also be a metaphor for how it developed00:24:31
the story of the chosen people, here they are00:24:33
chosen people Semitic yes they are00:24:35
wandered between these two great00:24:37
huge civilizations, sometimes powerful00:24:41
scary sometimes beautiful but they00:24:44
walked between Mesopotamia, Egypt and00:24:46
of course not to perceive from there00:24:48
could not make sense for 400 years at least until00:24:51
Egyptian captivity slavery call it00:24:55
as you wish for also not in vain00:24:57
of course not the same not including fermentation00:25:02
endless fermentation and wandering between00:25:04
cities great cities of culture00:25:07
Sumerian Babylonians Acacia Assyrians00:25:11
therefore the cross plot is there everywhere and00:25:14
the poetry there is repeated explore it00:25:17
extremely interesting but we’re not talking about that now00:25:18
but note this too, but here they are00:25:23
they are fighting with this water element00:25:25
flood then drought their soil is not very good00:25:29
good00:25:30
not him yes they are very good little by little00:25:32
soil00:25:33
exposed to salinization, that is, if everything00:25:35
It's time for irrigation to rinse with water they00:25:38
gradually still becoming salty, apparently due to00:25:40
this killed the third dynasty of hurray with them00:25:43
something just happened00:25:44
environmental disaster was permanent00:25:47
the harvest failed and they could no longer cope00:25:49
with this the Sumerian culture died00:25:51
Apparently, yes, well, that is, it’s difficult for them about00:25:54
everyone has to do irrigation00:25:56
dig canals to divert water to fields00:25:59
and dig dumps to prevent00:26:01
floods and they built everything they had00:26:03
valuable to them on artificial embankments00:26:05
that is, these are the Sumerian people who00:26:08
came from unknown to us yet00:26:09
their ancestral home is unknown; it is generally very00:26:11
mysterious people, their language is not like00:26:14
all others are not related to anyone00:26:16
their ancestral home has not yet been achieved00:26:18
There are only a few that can be accurately determined00:26:20
theories but here I am again with a clear understanding00:26:24
no they come to these lands they begin00:26:26
build their temples on embankments00:26:29
gradually these are their own lands so they00:26:33
They look about right, but it’s clear that they’re not very good00:26:35
fertile that is not black soil yes it is00:26:37
it’s obvious and doesn’t even need to be explained00:26:39
here in general it’s not as good as here00:26:42
these are actually the first Sumerian given00:26:45
something we can't do so great00:26:46
civilization has nothing to do with them what are we doing00:26:50
not so, these are actually the first ones00:26:52
Sumerian figurines that show00:26:54
we are human before the gods because it is00:26:58
the so-called odorant image here00:27:01
theirs is this pose with folded hands00:27:03
prayer pose yes they are in front00:27:07
something sacred and depict themselves in front of00:27:10
something sacred they have are huge00:27:12
open eyes one on one side is00:27:14
symbol of wisdom in this civilization but with00:27:17
on the other hand I want more here00:27:19
It’s purely psychological to see this00:27:21
they feel that they are sacred00:27:23
contemplate directly what it is not00:27:26
something mystical mysterious what00:27:28
may appear in some very subtle00:27:30
complex and special mystical00:27:32
revelation and what lies ahead of them00:27:34
the visible is even materially possible00:27:37
we can read these huge ones like this00:27:39
eyes trying to take it in00:27:41
the divine that reveals to them00:27:43
well, now we need to understand how they00:27:45
imagined themselves divinely this is so00:27:47
what about that Sumerian settlement?00:27:48
imagined how they lived here little00:27:50
these residential huts are so small00:27:52
Reed beaters for livestock00:27:54
the round ones you see and even in the distance00:27:58
in the distance it's not even a city, it's actually00:28:02
temple complex00:28:03
the heart of the city from which then the city00:28:05
the temple complex will go00:28:07
and this one rises above the walls00:28:11
own temple tower on which00:28:14
is the main sanctuary or ziggurat00:28:17
it looks something like this00:28:19
this is another plan of the city we can see00:28:22
from above the city is such a reconstruction and you00:28:25
you see what this is in the center00:28:26
the temple complex is not a city it is00:28:28
temple complex00:28:29
and around these houses with internal00:28:32
courtyard very typical oriental00:28:34
which are still in the east00:28:35
are reproduced to the house which is outside00:28:38
may not even have windows, just a door00:28:40
it opens onto the patio00:28:42
window and windows and exits00:28:44
but actually in the center is this temple00:28:47
complex00:28:48
and the heart of the temple complex is this one00:28:51
sacred mountain ziggurat of course00:28:54
everyone who sees the ziggurat for the first time00:28:56
leagues arise for the first time00:28:59
temptation to compare it with Egyptian00:29:01
pyramid00:29:02
and say well it's the same thing but it's00:29:05
it's not the same thing at all, it's something straight00:29:07
the opposite they have in common is only forms00:29:10
the fact that they can be inscribed even in a pyramid yes00:29:12
but their symbolism their meanings00:29:15
appointment they again almost00:29:17
the opposite of what I'm so [ __ ] glad about this00:29:20
really an artificial mountain that is00:29:22
this adobe platform he's inside00:29:24
incomplete there are no internal ones00:29:26
the premises are really a mountain00:29:29
this is how your kids build slides out of sand00:29:31
this is something made from adobe00:29:33
platform which is lined with unburned00:29:36
There’s simply nothing to burn with bricks because00:29:38
What does it take to burn bricks?00:29:40
a huge amount of fuel for this00:29:42
it must be wood and they have00:29:44
wood is missing as rum and valuable00:29:46
what did the ancient Sumerian have00:29:48
this is a door and wooden beams00:29:50
in the house and they passed each other00:29:52
inheritance when they moved they abandoned00:29:55
these brick houses are pushing bricks00:29:57
whole ussr who are not both wives00:29:59
bake in any area went everywhere under00:30:02
feet of clay nothing but length00:30:03
actually no or even to me00:30:06
there is no normal construction there00:30:07
that's the problem, which bricks are on00:30:10
you bake everywhere you just need to mold it00:30:12
clay mixed with straw and sand and00:30:15
let's dry in the sun turning00:30:17
sometimes it's easy but00:30:19
flooring up to floor beams and doors00:30:23
wooden ones are the most valuable thing they have00:30:25
be sure to take it with you and in general00:30:27
it was the greatest value because00:30:29
that it is very expensive and very difficult00:30:32
imported goods from afar are whole00:30:34
expeditions sung by the way you00:30:36
hype sahabi link these expeditions for00:30:38
forest is just one of the main plots00:30:42
their epic epic and in the great ones for example00:30:43
the epic Gilgamesh and well, actually this one00:30:47
temple yes it's genes adobe platform00:30:50
which has a stepped shape00:30:52
Sumerians are always three steps not00:30:54
the Babylonians will do more later00:30:57
seven-step ziggurat in the center of its00:30:59
city of Babylon called this mine00:31:01
nki and this is actually this ziggurat00:31:04
seven-speed 90 meter very00:31:06
high on completely flat00:31:08
spaces yes here00:31:09
the absolute plains certainly called00:31:12
delight awe whatever you want horror for00:31:15
plains inhabitant and it was he who lay down in00:31:17
basis of the legend of the Tower of Babel00:31:19
of course yes no no others00:31:22
opportunities to talk about something there00:31:25
in general it’s not there, it’s a ziggurat00:31:27
the great ziggurat is mine nke00:31:28
but let's return to our Sumerian ziggurat00:31:33
money three-stage adobe00:31:34
platforms walk on them from the outside, that is00:31:37
all the moves are these kind of ramps and00:31:40
partially possible stairs00:31:42
but mostly ramps that00:31:44
are on the outer surface00:31:47
ziggurat that is, like on a normal mountain00:31:49
yes this one is their attempt00:31:51
recreate the sacred mountain absolutely00:31:53
in flat areas this is possible00:31:55
a hint that they came from the mountains00:31:57
terrain yes because you are on them00:31:59
legends and their beliefs their gods live00:32:01
the top of the mountain is depicted on the peaks00:32:04
mountains when they can't depict a mountain00:32:06
they are just cuneiform characters and00:32:08
stick down to how00:32:11
some ornament like here is some decor for you00:32:14
it seems like such beautiful things00:32:16
in fact this is where it is written for00:32:17
which I'll show you something mountains mountains mountains and00:32:20
mountains, maybe this is an attempt00:32:22
reproduce something from its ancestral home00:32:25
yeah we don't really know it's clear but00:32:29
he really wanted to understand this00:32:31
a ziggurat is not something that can be called00:32:33
aimed at the heavens yes it is very00:32:35
squat, it looks like something from below00:32:37
so squat extremely very large00:32:40
but not vertical, rather horizontal00:32:43
not that you can even apply a little pressure00:32:46
until somehow well let's see00:32:48
yes this is the great ziggurat yay this00:32:50
what's left of him at the moment00:32:52
Yes, unfortunately the top one hasn’t been illuminated yet00:32:54
there are no remains of it left at all00:32:57
and this is his reconstruction, I want you more00:32:59
to show because everything here is very00:33:01
it’s important how they saw what the purpose was00:33:04
this ziggurat, well, somewhere here in00:33:06
this upper sanctuary in heparin00:33:08
for example, in this upper sanctuary and00:33:10
every Sumerian has a deity00:33:13
the city had its patron god from00:33:17
which then a little later when they00:33:19
will begin to unite there when he is not00:33:21
there will be conquest00:33:22
when will the multitude unite there00:33:25
cities under the rule of one of which00:33:28
then this pantheon will arise00:33:31
Sumerian or Mesopotamian gods about00:33:33
which you can read by anyone00:33:35
encyclopedia there is a Mesopotamian pontoon00:33:37
bug must be understood very clearly00:33:38
they didn't have any pantheons00:33:40
each city had its own personal god00:33:43
patron before00:33:44
there were some common revered gods but00:33:46
there are not very many of them and this is how they are00:33:48
imagined patronage and00:33:50
they represented their god00:33:52
those present in the city are not00:33:55
symbolic and not mystically but completely00:33:57
physically and realistically or he just spend the night00:34:02
simplify this and simplify this00:34:04
upper rest00:34:05
this is his room, his abode00:34:08
comes there and you can see him there too00:34:10
but not everyone because they allowed00:34:12
only priests were allowed but he's there00:34:14
is physically physically present00:34:17
or yes he inhabits his statues in his00:34:20
pedals because they made them00:34:22
made of precious materials made of wood and00:34:26
ivory sometimes made of stone with00:34:28
inlaid statues of their deities and00:34:30
they changed them twice a day00:34:33
real clothes and very expensive food00:34:35
brought real food there in every possible way00:34:37
they kept silent about the incense and treated it like00:34:40
a living object of veneration is interesting00:34:45
that they treated God just like00:34:47
by analogy to his king, that is, that one00:34:49
the same food you just ate00:34:51
the deity was served to the king's table00:34:53
we can even find out later that they00:34:55
ate came became lists of what00:34:57
demanded the deity in itself as if to00:35:00
the table is what the king ate after00:35:02
this and this deity being on00:35:06
the top of the ziggurat but from there it's easy00:35:08
appeals to people and in general his will00:35:10
dictates when managing the city, but it’s understandable00:35:13
no matter what this deity directly addresses00:35:15
addresses people through his00:35:18
chief secretary general who00:35:20
of course there was a Sumerian ruler00:35:22
cities in the early stages are n or insey00:35:26
then lugal is so very complex00:35:28
positions that I won't do now00:35:30
decipher but that's especially all00:35:32
but one way or another and here is the position00:35:35
the ruler in this city is the position00:35:37
such an intermediary between the deity and00:35:39
people he is the one who guarantees00:35:41
to comply with divine instructions in00:35:44
human community this is his00:35:48
this share is royal property but00:35:49
let's look at these ziggurats to00:35:51
realized that this is not something rushing upward00:35:54
ascending to the stars to the sky to what00:35:56
whatever, it’s something extremely squat00:35:58
look at the view of the earth from all over00:36:00
others feel it, but you feel it00:36:03
not even a Gothic cathedral, to put it mildly00:36:05
yes yes it's different it's kind of different ah00:36:07
another idea yes it’s more of a descent00:36:11
something to the ground at best if we00:36:13
we want to understand what's going on here00:36:15
something on such an archetypal level00:36:16
descends to the earth and floods it all00:36:19
with your power your strength your energy00:36:21
Well, this is how we can read it00:36:23
this image is not given to us in any other way by the form00:36:26
this is another possibility00:36:27
opportunity to read she's a ziggurat00:36:30
other dur dur und h you see they give00:36:33
artificial mountain00:36:34
and now I want to show you what you should do00:36:37
now notice a little how it is00:36:39
influenced 20th century architecture by someone00:36:41
I saw it, yes, this is what it looks like00:36:43
so very restored00:36:46
restored I’ll tell you, well, it’s true00:36:48
the same material the same lead00:36:50
authentic brick from the same00:36:52
clay soil entrance to the ziggurat but this00:36:56
doesn't remind me of anything00:36:58
question for Muscovites of my smart girls00:37:03
you see I think what's going on here00:37:06
some kind of what the hell is it called?00:37:08
exposure of reception that is somehow00:37:11
way yes it is, well it’s as if00:37:14
it's true so I understand that this00:37:16
was built in those years when they were looking for clearly00:37:18
there about00:37:21
They probably didn’t understand everything about00:37:23
Mesopotamian is a religion, ideology but00:37:26
for me this is pure exposure of reception yes00:37:28
but at the same time it is used as00:37:30
the Egyptian pyramid is even normal and00:37:32
the purpose of the Egyptian pyramid and and00:37:34
the main purpose is to have them inside you00:37:37
outside to have something inside yourself00:37:40
internal room into which it should00:37:42
be stored until the body in which it is stored00:37:44
the king's body preserves it for eternity well00:37:48
it's just something incredible when you00:37:51
you understand how these two merged00:37:52
opposite image of Mesopotamian00:37:55
the great ziggurat of cheers from which they stood00:37:58
the demigods waved there during00:38:00
parade but it's just I don't know it00:38:03
I just searched it so much in Sumerian00:38:05
what is this third dynasty hurray renaissance00:38:09
if you know anything about the third dynasty00:38:10
hurray you must understand that this is the first00:38:13
totalitarian regime on earth from all over00:38:14
beauty camps nationalization00:38:17
production economy food stamps i00:38:20
I'm not kidding with the diet developed for00:38:23
every employee00:38:25
was issued strictly according to coupons, then the moon was00:38:27
the porridge was not paper, it was all sorts of clay00:38:29
signs but it doesn’t matter what the system is00:38:31
the same thing and this is also all for mockery00:38:33
bent and died very much00:38:35
everything just fell apart catastrophically00:38:37
but but this I don’t know I can00:38:41
admire it endlessly because00:38:42
it’s just that in my opinion Pelevin is solid00:38:46
then I think it’s time for him to stop00:38:49
generally write because all he00:38:51
writes long ago it has already come true and it has come true00:38:53
much more00:38:54
unexpected form to what he can00:38:56
guess, although by the way he exploits00:38:59
this idea, of course, he is prone to analysis00:39:03
mythology is very cool she has it00:39:05
it turns out we have to give him extreme credit00:39:07
ironic tag but here I want you too00:39:10
show this and let's move on and these00:39:14
gods and gods ruling the Sumerians and then00:39:17
Babylon will be ruled by the same times00:39:19
the gods are a little different but it doesn’t matter00:39:21
they absolutely have the same face00:39:23
they are generally one and the same00:39:25
some kind of charisma like the Anunnaki00:39:29
in this case it is an Assyrian relief00:39:31
deities stand next to the tree of life and00:39:34
also a very late stage of the Sumerian00:39:37
very little has been preserved, they have their will00:39:41
dictated to the city through the king, he00:39:44
performs00:39:45
yes, but people are like that, well, who are they?00:39:48
they are like that, just to understand00:39:50
who are the people in this in this civilization00:39:52
we need to understand how their myths themselves are epic00:39:56
epic and tell about the creation of people00:39:58
the same thing is repeated all the time00:40:00
amazing story00:40:02
the only difference is the quantity00:40:06
there are a lot of details somewhere00:40:08
where under somewhere less details but we00:40:12
we can take for example the legends there00:40:14
boob offal or maybe just00:40:17
Babylonian poem00:40:18
and see what they tell us about00:40:20
creation people people of course created00:40:22
were deities deities this is usually00:40:24
either the mother of the gods creates them or00:40:28
Incas god of wisdom he and I he creates them00:40:33
made of clay of course this is very typical00:40:36
archetypal just version but in all00:40:38
these stories when a person is created and00:40:40
clay, including biblical clay, something there00:40:42
mixed in yes because the person is00:40:44
not only matter, all these stories tell us00:40:46
they say that man is a mess00:40:47
matter dust of the earth clay very00:40:49
I'm plastic until it dries00:40:51
it will dry up and it will be useless to know00:40:54
turns then after that only into00:40:55
sand can be used, bricks can be used for the stove00:40:57
sculpt some kind of statue and maybe some plaques00:41:00
don't put text there00:41:02
but in general it is a very plastic material00:41:04
length but for a person to arise00:41:07
you need something else, usually clean clay00:41:10
there are only some demonic things going on00:41:12
all sorts of fabulous creatures out there in their epics00:41:14
purely made of clay, you need something else, but what?00:41:17
what will be cannot be reduced to00:41:19
material matter00:41:20
so they walked to the dust of the earth for this00:41:23
the best metaphor for matter is probably this00:41:25
the world's strongest and most playful00:41:30
working and there is usually something there00:41:32
mix up usually mix well00:41:35
for example, according to understand and Babylonian00:41:37
names a and only which refers to00:41:39
approximately but according to different data either to00:41:43
18th century most likely00:41:46
BC and either possibly to00:41:49
sixteenth 14 here in this in this00:41:51
interval some so and and00:41:54
will adjust but very ancient one00:41:55
in short, it tells the story of00:41:57
that when people were taken there00:42:00
mixed with the blood of one of the gods00:42:03
we need such very special deities00:42:07
say sacrificed and for Messi in00:42:09
clay on the blood of a deity but some00:42:11
divine energy we must also00:42:13
understand that the blood of a deity is a certain00:42:15
divine energy to some extent00:42:17
divine substance kneaded this00:42:20
I'll take a look at this made man question00:42:22
Why in the world are they there before?00:42:24
got along well with each other00:42:26
killed each other, overthrew each other, divided into00:42:29
parts made the world out of parts with each other00:42:32
what a wonderful time they had there00:42:33
and in general the person was not needed00:42:35
absolutely, but suddenly they have00:42:37
the need is as follows00:42:40
someone has to work this is how the world works00:42:42
so to cultivate it you need00:42:45
it takes a lot of digging in this clay00:42:47
dig canals to build dams to00:42:49
to build a temple you also have to dig in clay00:42:51
there they are scurrying all the time, look at this one00:42:52
civilization of people who have no end00:42:54
release clay00:42:55
to write the text you need clay to00:42:57
you need to build a house in order to00:43:00
doing farming is the same00:43:01
very clay, yes, but only watered00:43:03
this is an endless growl in the clay to the gods00:43:06
Of course I don't want to do this at all00:43:07
they started to force their own people to conquer there00:43:10
conquered one generation of gods younger00:43:12
forced forced the older generation but00:43:15
they are, after all, the older generation with00:43:17
the networks of unfortunate gigs who rebelled00:43:19
for millennia they dug a pit and light00:43:22
they didn’t see white people rebelled00:43:24
generation of gods thought something00:43:26
it's not good for us to be with them00:43:27
Let us create workers for ourselves, they decided and00:43:30
They did not create them, they did not create people and people00:43:33
such a commandment was given, yes it is00:43:35
very clearly visible in the poem in you will die00:43:37
so that they start digging canals and building00:43:41
temples erected altars to the gods00:43:43
prayed revered00:43:45
and if something is wrong then what happened00:43:47
then if people behaved badly what00:43:50
there was a flood, of course there was a flood and so on00:43:53
and the first flow occurred according to00:43:55
Sumerian mythology god Enlil00:43:58
it’s no longer clear00:43:59
that the reasons for being angry are not announced00:44:03
gathered a council of gods and decided that we00:44:05
let's destroy destroyed00:44:06
but the god of wisdom emki who actually00:44:09
and created people he pitied them00:44:11
and one of the righteous himself00:44:14
utnapishtim mu or zeus acne or from [ __ ]00:44:17
sisu if you just talk about the perimeter00:44:19
that he will be wise then it will work out00:44:22
Name atra hasis, but they revealed this secret to him00:44:26
secrets from Potap, he built an ark which00:44:28
looks not like a ship but like a ziggurat00:44:30
he is absolutely square built and on00:44:34
in general, he kept everything going on like dad00:44:36
biblical history repeats itself00:44:37
some00:44:38
and the departures of the mine are very interesting00:44:40
we won't talk about it now if you want00:44:42
be curious, this is 11 11 sign I'm on00:44:46
siding between is the most famous00:44:48
the story of the flood which is significant00:44:49
older biblical stories can be found00:44:52
there are actually similarities and differences00:44:54
they are absolutely amazing but this00:44:57
relationship depends on the fate of a person, that’s his00:44:59
the task is to dig and build if something goes wrong00:45:01
flood and something is wrong even we don’t know00:45:03
what was there why there was a flood washed away the earth00:45:06
from the nose of civilization and for these same people00:45:09
it was not figurative; they actually had it00:45:11
there was a flood and which washed away all00:45:13
civilization Well, at least they interrupted life in00:45:15
city00:45:16
for a fairly significant period of time00:45:18
and essentially is the figure00:45:23
the king is an absolutely interesting figure in front of00:45:26
you have a statue here is a sitting statue of buddha00:45:30
on the left in front of you is the upper part00:45:34
steles with the laws of Hammurabi Babylonian00:45:38
King Hammurabi00:45:39
one of the greatest rulers of this00:45:40
civilization receives laws this is00:45:43
the typical function of a king is receiving laws00:45:45
wasp from the solar deity shamash00:45:48
which he is obliged to fulfill, as it were,00:45:52
earth to be the guarantor of their fulfillment by people00:45:54
and here we have such an interesting00:45:57
the system is what it is, that's how God is the owner00:45:59
of this land, looking from his own to his own00:46:03
tower of a ziggurat on this to your domain00:46:06
there is its general secretary, the ruler00:46:09
cities MC or Lugal at some point00:46:13
it will simply merge into these functions00:46:15
indistinguishable function of the priest and the function00:46:18
the boss's war will merge into one00:46:20
person and00:46:23
it guarantees people's execution of the tag00:46:25
laws that are required by some gods00:46:27
that’s what we ourselves need, yes that is00:46:29
it turns out something like this took00:46:31
not a very happy fate, but that’s how it is00:46:34
you can see for yourself the step of the destined cial is heavy00:46:36
situation and therefore they have a very00:46:38
It was interesting to think about this position00:46:41
Well, for example, the epic Gilgamesh and one of00:46:44
none of the most ancient dangerous planet00:46:46
earth is one of the most ancient literary00:46:48
works of great large form by00:46:50
at least the oldest for sure if we00:46:52
we will be in great literary form yes we are00:46:55
We see heroes for the first time, heroes of man00:46:57
they are God who creates the world there or00:47:00
do something we see human heroes00:47:02
who immediately rebels against the gods yes00:47:04
this is the position of human destiny00:47:06
she doesn't suit him, he tries00:47:09
rebelling is very interesting and funny00:47:12
[music]00:47:14
as if diverse and that’s also something00:47:18
tells us about this civilization so that they00:47:20
world of sensations but in order to understand00:47:24
finally the fate of man in this00:47:26
civilization, you and I must ask, well00:47:28
ok well life is complicated and so it is00:47:30
we know that we are pretty much the same way00:47:31
we feel that we have been driven into a pit and00:47:34
it's called work office and that's where it is00:47:37
in general, try just distract it right away00:47:39
the flood and all this is basically rooney news00:47:42
Yes, they weren’t Sumerians, that’s just how they lived00:47:44
a lot of people actually live like this00:47:46
people question what then and what if00:47:49
some kind of idea about00:47:51
scale of human destiny, if they00:47:53
the otherworldly manifests itself in life00:47:57
everyday like this00:47:59
the force that gives the order issues00:48:02
the law the law must be preserved the law must be preserved00:48:06
there is no need to reproduce the law before the law00:48:08
to be distracted what then do you have00:48:10
a person is some other dimension already00:48:12
soul if it not only consists of00:48:14
this clay is down and consists of some other00:48:15
divine energy up to this one00:48:19
invested in it where she will go well00:48:22
Of course they believed in the immortality of the soul00:48:24
everyone doesn't believe her either, everyone, everyone, everyone00:48:27
cultures reproduce in one way or another00:48:29
the same story of the immortality of the soul without00:48:32
exceptions but the question is how they00:48:34
imagined immortality, that too00:48:36
very interesting and despite the fact that this00:48:37
civilization is quite complicated but00:48:41
they have such an idea of the soul00:48:43
first I want to tell you a myth00:48:47
which describes the world in which00:48:52
the soul descends after death, a myth that00:48:56
will shed light on both posthumous fate00:49:00
human in this culture and on their00:49:03
sensations of what their gods are, what are they?00:49:06
forces what is their nature what is their00:49:09
psychological nature let's look at00:49:12
one of the central deities of their pantheon00:49:15
she is the goddess Ishtar00:49:18
she is also vile and in her name00:49:21
before the Semitic Ishtar she is then Astarte00:49:25
as much as the red and so on all derivatives00:49:28
the deity is incredibly important to them00:49:31
because she is a symbol00:49:34
fertility is a symbol of the power that00:49:37
allows life to continue at all00:49:39
earth to give birth to people to be born yes this is it00:49:42
all reproduction of life on earth00:49:44
that's her prerogative, yes some00:49:46
Sumerian Mesopotamian explorers00:49:49
generally broader than religion00:49:51
considers the image of Inanna as an image here00:49:54
such divine energy that a deity00:49:57
it's always a man who still has00:49:59
male nature does not fertilize, as it were00:50:01
this world but this is divine energy00:50:03
energy of fertilization energy of life00:50:06
the energy of fertility is personified00:50:09
the sight of the goddess Ishtar who00:50:13
goddess of love bodily love including00:50:16
but at the same time, discord and war are just00:50:19
they can’t be said clearly like the Greeks00:50:21
what is god tied to what function is he00:50:23
they have so everything is very blurry but00:50:25
at the same time this is amazing and na na00:50:27
who describes as a fair maiden00:50:29
shining silver there she has all sorts of things00:50:32
beautiful shining epithets but she00:50:34
is constantly concentrated00:50:38
the problem of this civilization is constantly00:50:40
appears in mythology only for this purpose00:50:42
so that everything so that something like that00:50:44
make sure that everything is then gods and people00:50:46
solved this problem while praising00:50:49
ideas at the end of the hymns about the bright maiden there00:50:52
light on silver with this decoction then on00:50:54
some absolutely not bright things00:50:55
there is such a very [ __ ] image00:50:57
extremely attractive because she is00:50:59
the main thing is that she is a beauty00:51:01
prototype of aphrodite but at the same time we00:51:03
aphrodite do you remember where she was born from00:51:05
how was born circumstances of birth00:51:07
goddess of love aphrodite of course00:51:10
Botticelli is depicted very beautifully00:51:12
depicted riding such a blonde beauty00:51:14
coz i curls in a shell00:51:16
but if you remember where it came from00:51:18
how did it come about00:51:19
a little beauty attacked in a different way00:51:21
she appears to be a girl so similar to00:51:23
Ishtar right at this moment she is doing it like that00:51:26
turn around immediately without losing yours00:51:28
golden goats why not why not00:51:31
golden everything may be there but here it is00:51:33
here he stands in such a pose, you see what00:51:35
beautiful this is Otis cylinder print00:51:37
but you feel what kind of goddess this is00:51:40
such as her character is, you don’t need it00:51:42
here to explain that this is not some kind of00:51:44
here is the mother, the patroness, the protector00:51:46
she's not a mother at all00:51:48
this is how it stands here, this is how it stands00:51:50
she yes, you see around not these00:51:52
arrows are rays of radiance wings on it00:51:55
horned tiara worn by their gods00:51:57
what it is we don't know it's not one of them00:51:59
they were not found in any00:52:01
archaeological finds00:52:02
but this is a horned tiara with bull00:52:04
horns yes but whose beauty is incredible00:52:07
I'll tell you a myth about her one day and00:52:09
na being a goddess in the ruling land00:52:12
specifically the city lesson is her city in00:52:16
which she is her father and well the god of the sky00:52:19
heavenly god00:52:20
are the main patron gods00:52:23
It’s not enough for her that she’s in the first place00:52:24
goddess of the earth and is revered in everyone00:52:28
Sumerian city this is just common00:52:29
Sumerian deity and the fact that she is a goddess00:52:34
it's also heavenly she has her own planet00:52:36
Venus is of course her planet because00:52:38
astrology astronomers astrology00:52:41
all nations borrowed from the Babylonians00:52:44
they invented it, they made it all there, they shared it00:52:47
a year by 365 days by 12 months that's all00:52:50
they are the 12 signs of the zodiac it's all from them00:52:52
some zodiac signs look and are called00:52:54
exactly the same as they were called, that is00:52:57
this is their borrowing, that’s why it’s here00:52:59
like the distribution of gods among the planets00:53:01
also typically Babylonian, absolutely without00:53:05
without exception, but only names became00:53:08
others because we are still different there00:53:10
the names of the fish in Europe were the same about God00:53:13
approximately, but this heavenly thing is not enough for her00:53:15
dominion it’s not enough for her to be a ruler00:53:17
she still wants to be earthly00:53:19
mistress of the sea but not the sea but00:53:21
underground because she has a sister sister00:53:24
ereshkigal who became the mistress00:53:26
when the gods divided the world between themselves she00:53:29
became the mistress of the underworld which00:53:31
in Sumerian it is called either irka la00:53:34
or chickens is the underworld and here it is00:53:37
looks exactly like the underground world00:53:39
write yourself a huge underground00:53:41
space where complex complex leads00:53:43
the path and there it basically goes down there00:53:44
the souls of the dead there on the throne of bones00:53:47
sister inanna r.r. sits00:53:49
Pigalle which looks unknown00:53:52
she was portrayed as small, maybe this is her00:53:54
the image is a very famous relief00:53:57
relief from the British Museum which00:53:59
called the queen of the night simply because00:54:02
attribute accurately and depicted on00:54:04
deity is not possible00:54:07
because he has both signs and00:54:10
Ishtar and very creatures if you close00:54:13
knee-deep everything is typical and the side is like this00:54:16
depicted in this pose in this form with00:54:18
with these two symbols in the hands of00:54:21
wings, that's it, that's the hat she's wearing00:54:23
to be a macaw or rather everything is as it should be on lions00:54:26
favorite animals you see here too00:54:28
algo tramples but these bird feet00:54:32
the presence of owls that do not appear at all00:54:35
in this art there is simply no time00:54:37
Is that what this relief once was?00:54:39
painted there are leftovers00:54:42
pigment background was black her body was00:54:44
red is a red body on a black background00:54:48
Well, it’s like she’s a little Ishtar00:54:50
Of course it's ok with a red body00:54:52
new black background allow00:54:55
researchers assume that also00:54:57
this could be an image this is her00:54:59
underground sister ereshkigal is not clear00:55:02
that's why they call her there and call her00:55:04
so just queen of the night because00:55:07
it was obviously night in the background00:55:09
news about through the black fund maybe it's00:55:13
image horns gal let's now and00:55:15
so let's imagine it like this, here it is00:55:18
the underworld descends to her but also00:55:20
Gal's horns are also not made of bast00:55:22
understands why she is going and she is going to00:55:24
she never walks in a good way00:55:25
leaves to steal the tablets of fate or something else00:55:27
something there she has some00:55:29
tasks are interesting from which it will be with00:55:31
fight a bull with anyone in general and00:55:35
they will rescue her from somewhere00:55:36
signs of fate will be taken away in general00:55:39
endlessly some kind of problem here it is00:55:41
descends into this underground world and00:55:44
horns gaal orders on everyone there 700:55:47
beards and you have to go through the seven gates of the underground00:55:49
world on every perversion to shoot00:55:52
from her one of her magical amulets00:55:55
which, well, in general, circle00:55:58
I broadcast strength and as a result when it tastes00:56:00
it seems like the lower world and her sister is sitting on00:56:02
Tony on the throne of bones and her sister and00:56:04
horns gal00:56:05
there kills her with a creepy look at her00:56:08
looks kills with his gaze, hanging bodies on00:56:10
hook thing done this way00:56:13
fertility destroyed life on earth00:56:15
stopped but she wanted it herself00:56:17
where is it useful why because they00:56:20
call this world this is york alu this course00:56:22
this underworld is a land of no return00:56:24
whoever goes down there doesn't come back00:56:26
maybe even gods00:56:27
even for the gods this is true; they have very00:56:30
there were complex schemes to get out of this00:56:32
the underworld has precedents but patterns00:56:34
incredibly complicated and there it hangs there00:56:39
the started curtain hangs on00:56:41
screams her body but before going down in00:56:44
the lower world and she tells her00:56:47
tells the vizier that if in three00:56:52
day I won't be back you00:56:53
go to my relatives00:56:56
deities of other cities and asked them00:56:58
help one by one she says which00:57:00
sequences to go to your liking00:57:01
you feel and everyone will refuse, but everyone00:57:03
normal people understand that she is herself00:57:05
broke the law she went against the same thing00:57:08
establishments which they themselves once00:57:10
Yes, these laws were established00:57:12
You can't violate anyone here and00:57:14
this is really what happens00:57:15
god of wisdom emki00:57:17
understands one thing that of course he must00:57:19
refuse to look, she went there herself but00:57:22
if she doesn't come out of there then life is over00:57:24
planet00:57:25
I will stop life on earth00:57:26
she becomes the force of fertility on00:57:29
this is the divine energy that line00:57:30
she won't tell me the details00:57:32
revive them with the help of the herb of life water00:57:35
life and now she says well phew00:57:37
passed through and wants to get out of the underground00:57:39
world but the Anunnaki gods themselves become00:57:41
on her way saying the one who entered00:57:43
the underworld cannot leave him because00:57:46
this is the only country without return00:57:48
opportunity to leave this world00:57:49
give someone else for yourself because00:57:51
how much do they have such accounting00:57:53
they are in general this is actually the same one00:57:55
the civilization that invented bureaucracy00:57:57
so that they understand this is exactly the same00:58:00
that's why they have accounting records00:58:02
the statement included so much according to the statement00:58:04
left therefore if you want to go out you00:58:06
should as for someone for myself00:58:08
offer and here she is on Ishtar00:58:12
comes out of this underworld and00:58:13
surrounded by creepy demons who are waiting00:58:17
who will she point to?00:58:18
and who will go to the underground instead of her?00:58:21
peace yes she walks on the ground and walks like this00:58:25
to their kinsmen gods kings00:58:28
cities but they behave very correctly00:58:30
lead they all fall into mourning they tear00:58:33
they sprinkle ashes on their heads and dress in00:58:36
rags, but that is, they are already mourning for her00:58:39
and she can't do anything with them00:58:41
as if these are all the rituals00:58:42
I'm doing the right thing, yes and no, her power is over00:58:46
them up to the dead need to be revered, they are revered and00:58:49
the dead can't do anything against00:58:50
them she goes from city to city everywhere00:58:53
us on give the same picture they are grieving00:58:55
sprinkle ashes on her head, she doesn't do anything00:58:57
can she come to the city where00:59:00
her husband eat and her husband god dumuzi lives00:59:04
ruling in the city of Bat you ra UN to00:59:08
they understood that he was the god of dying and resurrecting00:59:10
vegetation but we are ready for that00:59:12
moment he did not yet know the background side of the dying00:59:15
and the resurrecting vegetation he was00:59:16
just a patron shepherd god00:59:19
patrons of the shepherd's business and so00:59:21
he once00:59:22
the other soon got to fall in love with him00:59:24
and in general she is his legal wife and00:59:27
when your rightful goddess comes to you00:59:30
spouse then of course sprinkle your head00:59:31
ashes are no good00:59:33
thinks poor dumuzi sits down puts on00:59:36
the most beautiful holiday hopes00:59:38
sits on the throne because he is the king00:59:40
meets his beloved wife, the queen00:59:43
goddess and I don't like it, she bent over00:59:46
says next time he cares what ah00:59:48
you're here celebrating you're here good here it is00:59:50
and the demons will follow me00:59:53
him he's trying to escape all the gods00:59:54
helps him turns him into a hare00:59:56
for someone else here are all fairy tales00:59:58
remember how they hero runs away01:00:00
turning strange animals01:00:01
but in the end it’s still his rock01:00:04
overtakes the demons and drags him into01:00:06
dungeons but he has a sister01:00:09
there is a sister gish the price for which01:00:11
stands up for him and says let me do it01:00:13
I’ll marry him for six months and then then01:00:16
further interesting further advice is being gathered01:00:18
gods and Yanao on Ishtar having filled up all Shaya01:00:21
this mess is decided by this council01:00:23
she says since I judge so six months01:00:27
then let's be dumuzi01:00:31
fell to the ground in the lower world and for six months he01:00:34
Anna's geschichten sister who will become01:00:36
the scribe in this world will hold in his hands01:00:38
tablets of fate01:00:40
that's how they decided and that's how her husband became01:00:43
husband became the god of the resurrecting dying man01:00:47
vegetation it goes away at the end of the season01:00:48
underground and then with new shoots until01:00:51
appears on earth before01:00:54
and it would seem but if if God01:00:56
I could die and give Sunday strong01:00:58
People probably go through this cycle01:01:01
some kind of fate too, but if we01:01:03
Let's see what awaits people in this01:01:05
or we will see an interesting thing that01:01:07
no posthumous fate except living01:01:09
in the underworld horns gun01:01:11
they didn't expect us to look at that one01:01:14
same epic of gilgamesh she is his twelfth01:01:17
tablet or this complete Sumerian01:01:21
pancake called Gilgamesh and01:01:24
the halupu tree or enkidu and the lower world then01:01:27
we will see a description of the lower world friend01:01:30
brother brother of Gilgamesh and Enkidu01:01:33
summoned by him from the underworld he died01:01:37
fell into the underworld and gilgamesh summons01:01:39
and in hell to find out what it's like there01:01:41
the underworld and he tells it01:01:43
ours, well, how about sitting down?01:01:45
imagine the underworld, here we are01:01:46
let's chat with these souls01:01:48
the underworld and in general we eat01:01:50
garbage and drink this dirty water01:01:53
we all eat the dust of the earth01:01:55
and if someone has descendants on01:01:57
someone on earth has sons and they01:01:59
funeral sacrifices are made01:02:02
this is the food they bring us01:02:04
we can sometimes get it there from those who01:02:06
there are seven sons01:02:08
and sometimes they drink clean water and give01:02:11
fresh bread is not for anyone I'm good at this01:02:14
in the world there is only one thing that is possible01:02:16
adjust your diet a little if you01:02:18
left many many sons a girl not01:02:20
are considered as if these are the sons01:02:22
bread is baked01:02:23
your sons will send for you01:02:26
some funeral services are known01:02:29
even approximately what you will be then01:02:32
receive food and nothing beyond that01:02:34
when Gilgamesh is the famous hero of this01:02:37
civilization he protests against fate01:02:39
his mortal versus that of a man01:02:42
after life on earth he goes underground01:02:45
he disappears and cries and there he is not visible01:02:47
where is the social crisis when is it01:02:49
says, is it really possible that I will die just like Enkidu?01:02:51
Is it really like there’s nothing on earth?01:02:54
I myself will remain dust and go down01:02:56
there he goes to look for the secret of immortality01:02:58
opens yes he goes for immortality01:03:01
will find to find immortality everything for him01:03:03
everything starts with gods and ends01:03:05
Scorpio people, whoever they are01:03:07
they say it's impossible for a mortal01:03:10
get immortality in God do not create01:03:12
and immortality for mortals but he01:03:15
a real gift and a cooler hero01:03:17
of all existentialists of the 20th and 19th centuries, he01:03:20
says no, I’ll go in the dark01:03:22
unknown I will go because I can’t01:03:25
sit still and have to find01:03:27
that secret and he finds the same one but I01:03:29
utnapishti to whom the gods bestowed01:03:31
immortality but to grant a second time they01:03:33
no one intends anything but he finds01:03:36
even flowers immortality which should01:03:38
grant him immortality and eternal01:03:40
youth but no see can't hold him01:03:41
he is kidnapped by a snake and in the end Gilgamesh01:03:45
here comes his city back wise01:03:48
tired, resigned but unable to find01:03:51
immortality, but clearly understood what01:03:53
There is no immortality for mortals, but it’s interesting01:03:56
that every time he is informed about01:03:58
that for a mortal there is no immortality for him01:04:00
they tell him what his solution is01:04:02
they say live on earth, get dressed01:04:05
in light clothes let the oil go out01:04:09
your house will more often be perdo build your own01:04:12
the city leaves things to glory for posterity01:04:15
leave it for posterity so you will get it01:04:17
immortality01:04:18
wonderful character mistress of the gods everything01:04:21
fool thirsty for Gilgamesh on the shore here01:04:25
death tells him the same thing01:04:27
here is the child's hand in your hand, it's yours01:04:30
immortality and put on light clothes01:04:33
let the holiday be in your house01:04:35
have fun it's your immortality because no01:04:38
another person let the works of your hands01:04:41
I will be your immortality and your glory will be01:04:44
descendant will be your immortality for me01:04:46
no no I don't agree he goes loses everything01:04:48
lose with the face of immortality returns01:04:51
and repeat these words that here they are01:04:53
my walls he says look at the walls01:04:56
that they don’t know the resemblance of bricks to feel01:04:59
the works of his hands are his fortified walls01:05:00
the city of Uruk of which he is king and lord01:05:04
this is actually the work of his hands and so01:05:07
so we see that it is very01:05:09
so cheerful enough01:05:12
materialistic culture is beautiful01:05:14
their life01:05:15
embodied on this famous01:05:17
Sumerian car and fact called01:05:20
the standard of cheers it has two sides01:05:22
this one has a trapezoidal shape01:05:25
To01:05:26
structures inlaid with lapis lazuli01:05:30
mother of pearl and other semi-precious01:05:32
stones which researchers call01:05:35
war and peace on one stage on one01:05:37
parts of the war scene are very visible here01:05:40
top military aristocracy servant lim01:05:43
in the middle there is a king, yes you see that the king01:05:46
breaks through the boundaries of this with his head01:05:48
world it's not because the artist doesn't have01:05:51
there was enough space and not because of the scale01:05:53
king according to the canon of ancient art01:05:56
must exceed the scale of his subjects01:05:58
yes, that's because it would be another sign of that01:06:01
show that he is like an intermediary between01:06:03
the human world and the divine world01:06:05
that he guarantees the observance of divine01:06:08
I will give laws on earth therefore with my head01:06:10
I pushed my way there a little01:06:11
it’s as if it descends upon him into this world01:06:14
grace in the form of various rituals there and01:06:16
rituals that I won’t do now01:06:17
tell, including in ritual01:06:19
holy matrimony, yes we see him here and01:06:21
its closest military aristocracy to01:06:24
his infantry is leading him captives here01:06:26
here they have these on their raincoats01:06:29
dots are military insignia01:06:32
shoulder straps of the modern army here we see01:06:34
victorious01:06:36
victorious procession of chariots over corpses01:06:39
defeated enemies01:06:40
everything according to the best canons of ancient art01:06:42
the Egyptians did it on a larger scale01:06:43
of course, but the Sumerians are great01:06:46
managed this military action and that too01:06:49
peace peaceful actions again we see01:06:51
lugal but he can’t be confused with anyone01:06:53
because he's a little crazy again01:06:56
breaks through the boundaries of this world because01:06:57
he is a mediator in front of him, in front of him01:06:59
his closest associates are sitting01:07:01
they raise the cup, everyone plays great01:07:04
the artists of us in silver harps are here01:07:08
you see the landowner leading his flocks01:07:11
here are ordinary workers, that is, here01:07:13
tripartite division of society before us01:07:15
very beautiful and symbolic01:07:17
purely aesthetic works but here01:07:22
this is this and this is theirs01:07:24
attitude to life relationships01:07:26
otherworldly and here we can have it01:07:27
I catch a little bit of course everything01:07:29
rounding it off, it’s clear that there are their nuances01:07:31
must also be taken into account, but ours is now01:07:33
the task is to see something like this01:07:35
purely archetypal almost structures01:07:38
which this civilization gives rise to01:07:40
that is why later the Babylonian era01:07:42
especially in this civilization it will be like this01:07:44
developed the practice of fortune telling, one of which01:07:47
the highest is astrology which they01:07:49
invented because we need to do the best we can01:07:51
It’s better to arrange this life but according to heavenly01:07:54
the law that gods are celestial beings01:07:56
each with their own luminaries and their heavenly ones01:07:58
laws pour out onto the earth they somehow01:08:00
manifest themselves in movement towards the luminaries if we01:08:02
we will understand them, we somehow build our lives01:08:04
better arrange life according to heavenly01:08:07
life yes this is wonderful01:08:09
the formula for what's in heaven and what's on earth, here they are01:08:12
and try to reproduce it somehow01:08:14
part of this heavenly harmony on earth01:08:16
somehow found its incarnations01:08:18
its rooting because nothing01:08:20
then some distant future01:08:23
in fact, they are not expected from here very much01:08:26
materialistic culture which01:08:29
in general, she showed her materialism on01:08:31
different levels but if you look then01:08:33
in general you will find it there but this is one01:08:37
the point of this extremum of these ancient01:08:39
ideas let's see01:08:42
second01:08:43
that over time we also have him01:08:49
very little time sorry but now01:08:51
we will be until we forgive you01:08:56
procession line sorry it happened that way01:09:01
what is my favorite interesting thing?01:09:03
only ahead I like love very much01:09:05
nerves sympathetic to Babylon are01:09:07
a culture that has devoted a lot of time01:09:09
and of course this is all great and scary01:09:12
Their literature is especially interesting01:09:13
fantastic highly recommend these two01:09:15
at least two of their great epics and01:09:17
pasta-gel Gomes son of mind and only epic01:09:20
creations01:09:21
they are a phenomenal piece very good01:09:22
translated and enjoy01:09:25
these are archetypal works for all01:09:27
European literature01:09:28
but it's not really interesting01:09:33
see, of course, the culture of the ancient01:09:35
Egypt, let's go to the banks of the Nile River01:09:38
Let's see in the performance of another great01:09:42
civilization, it is also a river civilization01:09:44
also living off the Nile floods but01:09:46
spills are very regular but in comparison01:09:48
with other rivers they are simply extremely regular01:09:50
land is much more fertile01:09:53
just pure, pure fertilizer thanks01:09:56
because they are very fertile and the waters01:09:59
very soft appearance and the rivers do not become salty01:10:01
land and here is a whole fertile delta01:10:04
it was nice for us01:10:05
during its operation this is01:10:08
that's all for us, and the land, that is, very01:10:10
fertile, very convenient for01:10:16
cultivation is what this civilization01:10:19
the river is reflected in them largely because01:10:21
that for them the river becomes not only01:10:26
only a means of obtaining a harvest given01:10:29
the river becomes the main road01:10:31
their civilizations are all so different01:10:33
there is a movement along the Nile for them01:10:36
this river becomes a god one of the gods01:10:38
their civilization for them it is a river01:10:40
becomes somehow divisive01:10:43
a symbol that separates the two shores and01:10:46
22 meanings of this civilization and for them it is01:10:49
the river becomes a symbol of the path because01:10:51
this civilization and that civilization are ways01:10:53
they are all on their way here I am now01:10:55
I'll show you which way they are01:10:57
are located and what kind of thing is this?01:10:59
civilization which is here01:11:01
civilization01:11:03
this river is a reconstruction of one01:11:09
from the main cities of the former capital to01:11:11
throughout the Middle and New Kingdoms01:11:14
cities of thebes01:11:16
if in Egyptian it was called01:11:18
in Egyptian os from fila this is of course01:11:21
the Greeks called it that and it stuck with me01:11:23
not a modern luxor city which01:11:27
preserved most of this civilization01:11:30
best of all the leftovers on01:11:33
the example of this city shows a very clear01:11:35
dividing each Egyptian city into01:11:39
two parts you can clearly see them here on01:11:41
drawing even if nothing is explained in01:11:44
eastern bank of the nile oh city on01:11:49
on the eastern bank of the Nile is located here01:11:51
in front of you is all this, this is the city of the living01:11:53
relatively speaking, as you can see, he too01:11:56
centered located around the temple in do01:11:59
its center is the temples of Karnak01:12:01
Luxor temple and two great temples01:12:04
complexes01:12:05
processional roads between them01:12:07
and everything else, yes, this is also like this01:12:11
some infrastructure surrounding the temples but01:12:15
this is a living city where these living people live01:12:16
temples of pine trees for prayer of living people and on01:12:20
on the west bank west is a symbol of death01:12:23
countries of the departed because it lands there01:12:26
the sun for this pink garu elkar on01:12:30
the sun sets every evening and with01:12:34
the souls of the dead go there by the sun, therefore01:12:38
west is the side on which is here01:12:41
just beyond the line of fertile fields, that is01:12:43
here the water reaches here during01:12:45
spill01:12:46
the mortuaries are on the dais01:12:49
the temples are in front of you for the dead01:12:51
temple complexes of the great pharaohs01:12:54
Of course, only people like this could have01:12:56
pharaoh right here specifically in the valley01:12:59
Deir al Bukhari and the temple of Hatshepsut women01:13:02
pharaoh probably known to you, here he is01:13:06
and beyond this valley you can’t see here01:13:11
behind this pass is the same one01:13:13
valley of the kings and right there01:13:16
[ __ ] side valley the valley of the queens01:13:19
famous rock tombs including01:13:22
to the tomb of Tutankhamun you are fine01:13:24
known and but she would have understood01:13:26
she is the smallest and insignificant01:13:28
it was just not looted found01:13:31
this is its phenomenon, but in reality it is01:13:33
extremely modest it's so simple01:13:35
president to move into a five-story building01:13:36
a three-room five-story building is just him01:13:39
died suddenly and basically a tomb for him01:13:41
then in a hurry01:13:43
collected from so that, well, it was01:13:46
someone else is clearly not for him01:13:47
the intended tomb is not01:13:49
Pharaonic format - what's in common?01:13:52
Tutankhamun was buried because he died01:13:54
early and didn’t have time to do anything else for01:13:56
lay down build then here it is01:13:58
he probably found it useful01:13:59
was intended for someone else01:14:01
the royal house but certainly not the pharaoh01:14:03
the ruling king is not a god because01:14:05
the ruling king of Egypt is a god but01:14:09
Now let's figure out what this means, but here it is01:14:10
this is the division between the city of the living and the city01:14:12
the dead are very serious this is a necropolis01:14:14
side of the necropolis she is very serious01:14:17
tells us something about this civilization in01:14:18
this civilization is just about death01:14:20
completely different view and01:14:21
the scale of human destiny is understood01:14:24
only if we understand his posthumous01:14:27
fate, only then do we understand what we mean01:14:29
in general Egypt because all of Egypt is01:14:32
such a civilization that is around01:14:34
funeral cult is built no matter how01:14:37
strange and at the same time not always this01:14:39
moment they ask if they are gloomy01:14:41
were they widespread?01:14:43
suicide no they weren't at all01:14:45
it was just as taboo as in01:14:48
in many other cultures suicide and01:14:49
they were probably one of the most01:14:51
cheerful in life of your favorite cultures01:14:54
among the ancients01:14:55
because it can be seen in their art01:14:57
you can tell by how much they loved cosmetics01:14:59
incense how they loved poetry01:15:02
music, how they loved to eat delicious food and01:15:04
handsome dress smarter like them01:15:06
loved the decorations, that is, it is clear that they01:15:09
were going to live happily ever after01:15:11
and don't end there point of view01:15:15
ancient egypt they have no death at all01:15:18
very few concepts are related to death01:15:20
how with the gloomy process they are so01:15:23
loved the lives that were going to continue01:15:25
the same life after death but in01:15:27
somehow her01:15:28
in an ideal form, that is, something like this01:15:31
perfect video here they are all perfect01:15:33
everything is crooked and bad, even the most01:15:36
beautiful samples and that's all there01:15:38
it will be as it can be01:15:40
reached their fullness01:15:42
they thought yes and that's why they01:15:44
the idea of death is the idea of01:15:46
there is some crossing and the whole way is here01:15:49
Egyptian civilization is the way01:15:50
transition into this real, genuine and01:15:54
full phase of existence until which01:15:58
It's just not easy, Eunice, you tell me01:16:01
not easy not easy to achieve and comprehend01:16:03
It’s not easy, but you and I now have to01:16:05
try all these things01:16:08
I’m showing you the images now01:16:10
are an illustration of the fact that Egypt01:16:13
this is civilization the way they have it all01:16:16
always depicted in this here01:16:19
some kind of movement yes they are all somewhere01:16:21
move although they stand still01:16:23
very static and art but at the same time01:16:25
look how people are depicted here01:16:27
how the deity is depicted01:16:29
this is a managed solar boat which01:16:32
Duato is floating across the sky now01:16:36
the underworld here is a solar deity01:16:38
in on the axis this is a fragment of the book of gates this01:16:41
a fragment of the book of the dead is being transported here to01:16:43
in general, a necropolis of the dead on such01:16:45
sleds with runners but they are all too01:16:47
time is in motion everything is in motion gods01:16:49
people are not always depicted in the process01:16:51
some kind of movement where they are moving here01:16:54
this is an absolutely stunning image01:16:55
roads and paths are paths but wait it out01:17:01
so you can draw it like that but01:17:03
it is impossible to think because that is thinking01:17:06
this is the understanding that she had in general01:17:09
then we have now lost this fragment01:17:12
from such a text called om du from01:17:16
or about what to give it specifically 4 hours01:17:19
where the solar boat descends01:17:22
descends into the lower caves a certain certain01:17:26
a very dramatic moment is coming soon01:17:27
there will be a battle but I just wanted it for you01:17:30
show what show what it's all the time01:17:32
a kind of metaphor for the path that01:17:34
reproduced in different forms and here01:17:37
these images of roads and paths01:17:39
the transcendental world of roads and paths of deities01:17:41
the road of the paths of dead souls and spirits is01:17:45
main topic main topic their art01:17:47
try to find some others there01:17:49
the stories are somehow true01:17:51
the deceased to the funeral the world itself they01:17:53
imagined it like this01:17:55
absolutely stunning painting from01:17:57
there are tombs here, mass 4 where you01:18:01
understood how they imagined themselves01:18:02
death, if you don't know what it's about01:18:05
You will never describe death like that01:18:07
this golden crosses background they are very01:18:10
loved gold because this gold01:18:12
the light of eternity is the color of the eternal, imperishable01:18:14
flesh of the gods01:18:15
this is the color of this light of eternity and01:18:18
everything that happens in such yellow01:18:20
ocher backgrounds it's all relevant01:18:23
to the afterlife but it is not gloomy01:18:26
scary, you see that the pharaoh is here01:18:28
Thutmose 3 meets the deities01:18:30
Osiris Anubis and Hathor who01:18:34
offer him to bring him to his nose to01:18:38
symbol of eternal life01:18:40
with this actual symbol, this one01:18:42
the so-called Egyptian cross01:18:44
a hieroglyph was written out which was considered01:18:46
ann & chats01:18:47
first it's life or alive that is everything01:18:50
something related to life01:18:51
this is the symbol of this life they bring to01:18:53
for him to breathe in for that breath01:18:55
this is life and I finally found life01:18:58
eternal, that is, it’s not just everything from everything01:19:00
their stories about the deceased01:19:03
the afterlife their entire funeral cult01:19:06
huge, which consists of almost01:19:08
the whole culture of Egypt is all actually01:19:11
about eternal life in no way about01:19:13
estimates they even have such a common word01:19:15
there is a cell that actually uses01:19:16
if you look there and what01:19:20
and now I want to tell you too01:19:23
so symmetrical to the myth about and on it and01:19:26
dumuzi symmetrical myth for egyptian01:19:28
culture that you also felt like01:19:30
they imagined their deities here01:19:33
charisma and divine psychology and before01:19:35
let's say so if you want and how they01:19:37
imagined themselves on what the world rests on and01:19:39
what is the possible fate for01:19:41
man, look at the myth about01:19:45
and well, dumuzi ranks in culture01:19:47
Mesopotamia somewhere symmetrical place01:19:50
relation to the myth of Osiris01:19:51
if you know anything about Osiris then you01:19:53
you probably know that this is also history01:19:55
about a dying resurrecting god01:19:58
which also has the place of his wife01:20:00
very important place second in importance01:20:03
yes but the story is completely different and it01:20:06
reveals something completely different to a person01:20:08
a sense of one's own destiny, including01:20:10
not only intravital but also posthumous01:20:12
it is very important to understand that the scale01:20:14
is given, of course, by the idea of01:20:16
the eternity of your soul, yes, but also with01:20:19
life's fate also plays here01:20:21
a big role and it is also taken into account01:20:24
even you in their funeral texts it01:20:26
taken into account this is also very interesting so01:20:30
this is a myth, of course this one is woven into01:20:34
mythological concept of origin01:20:36
peace and in general what peace is based on01:20:38
I’ll trim it a little now and tell you01:20:40
extremely truncated, please forgive me right away01:20:43
forgiveness from both those involved in the myth and from you01:20:46
I’ll only tell you fragments of it so God01:20:48
Osiris and he is on the left with a green face01:20:50
maybe the instrument was not yet a god01:20:52
green face who knows it's beautiful01:20:55
I don't really like this at all01:20:56
the image is one of my favorites01:20:58
in this culture it is from a painting from01:21:02
tomb dreams james01:21:05
to know in the valleys and right there too01:21:08
Theban necropolis01:21:09
western western thebes god osiris01:21:13
by seniority since he is the eldest son01:21:16
the god of the earth Heb and the goddess of the sky Nut01:21:19
rules is the king of the king of the world in this01:21:24
moment the world is still dad is essentially not01:21:26
divided into the divine world01:21:28
human he rules the whole world01:21:30
tear the royal insignia from his hands01:21:33
the same ones with which he is depicted01:21:35
Pharaoh sits on the throne, it's shoulders01:21:38
consisting of such gold and lapis lazuli01:21:41
all sorts of beautiful beads and earthenware01:21:44
and this is the hake hook these are the symbols01:21:46
tea of royal power as a scepter and orb01:21:49
which he held either in one hand01:21:51
or in two hands just like Osiris01:21:54
he rules the world, his faithful wife is nearby01:21:57
wife Isis on her head you see like this01:22:00
a strange thing is her name is hieroglyphs and01:22:03
name eset and here they rule01:22:07
by the way they are related to each other01:22:09
brother brother and sister you probably know01:22:11
but this is true and a very typical motive for01:22:13
many ancient mythologies not only for01:22:15
Egyptian but especially Egyptian water01:22:18
they seem to rule the world in particular Osiris01:22:20
his faithful wife but his little brother sex01:22:24
god wrathful god warrior boom of wrath here we go01:22:28
sandstorm he rises against Osiris01:22:32
decides to take back his throne very interesting01:22:35
in a purely Egyptian way which I01:22:37
I have to tell you, I promised that it would happen01:22:39
no details, but this detail we01:22:41
need to find out how to01:22:43
overthrow the immortal god from his throne01:22:46
and destroy it very interesting01:22:48
way but this is from the throne of Tutankhamun01:22:52
absolutely fantastic fantastic01:22:54
item inlaid with Tutankhamun and his wife01:22:59
something incredible, just imagine01:23:01
so good and the control of Osiris01:23:02
about up to and here's the set to topple01:23:06
Osiris does a strange thing then he01:23:09
creates a very beautiful sarcophagus01:23:11
to be like this it's like that, hit Tutankhamun01:23:14
mind these are fantastic beautiful01:23:17
transcendental simply creates such01:23:20
a beautiful sarcophagus brings it about01:23:22
one day at the feast of the gods and says that01:23:27
this beautiful precious sarcophagus01:23:29
will give it to someone who needs it at the right time01:23:32
it's just a fairy tale about Cinderella because01:23:35
all the gods begin to enthusiastically try on01:23:38
the sarcophagus is perfect for a knife01:23:42
madness you imagine Perun01:23:44
which someone brings the coffin to him01:23:46
they'll kick you out right away, it's kind of weird01:23:48
hint or in madness what it actually is01:23:50
something for an absurd gesture and then another01:23:52
says I will give this wonderful coffin if01:23:55
there ha cedar wood polishing01:23:57
mother-of-pearl inlay to whomever it belongs to01:24:00
it will suit me and still I'll be the first01:24:02
I believe this is my size.01:24:03
and this is great, who cares what01:24:07
from the point I'm still getting into strikes but01:24:10
here's the fact, what's interesting here?01:24:14
that for us this is absolutely impossible and01:24:16
action absurd strange dark01:24:19
no one out of his right mind will lie down alive in01:24:21
measure the coffin, how terrible is this darkness?01:24:24
for the Egyptians it was absolutely01:24:27
normal tradition they are funeral01:24:29
equipment that is absolutely necessary01:24:31
for prosperity in the afterlife in general01:24:34
let us continue collecting all our lives and01:24:36
it was absolutely not a dark undertaking01:24:38
like our grandmothers who01:24:40
death begins to collect some01:24:41
little things no, they sometimes started even with01:24:44
childhood to give to each other there on01:24:46
some holidays funeral set01:24:48
inventory was considered extremely appropriate01:24:50
because these stupid sets of yours are01:24:53
it is not known whether they will be useful on the farm or not01:24:55
this funeral equipment will come in handy01:24:57
definitely, but to your liking, where are you going?01:24:59
you'll get away, it's not clear what you'll get away with01:25:02
there that's why they gave it but you have to01:25:05
understand what a good gift01:25:07
because even Pharaoh when he wanted01:25:10
thank or highlight in some way01:25:12
one of his close officials01:25:14
the vizier or someone he sacrificed to him01:25:17
a tomb or a place for a tomb or01:25:20
sarcophagus or something01:25:21
grave goods and people are not01:25:24
understood because01:25:25
hint that it's time to leave01:25:26
the device's services otherwise they'll go away no it's like that01:25:30
I didn’t understand it, he was happy like a child01:25:33
and ordered at his funeral01:25:35
funeral steles, I am the one to write to01:25:38
Pharaoh so-and-so donated a place for01:25:41
tombs excellent tomb it is01:25:43
sarcophagus is excellent from such and such01:25:45
material and was proud of it all the time01:25:48
like an order because it is the highest01:25:50
the king's mercy because only the king01:25:52
only the king can guarantee your01:25:54
life in the afterlife he must take away01:25:57
follow you, you can go there this01:25:59
load because the king is coming there for01:26:01
you're the first to go there and he's like01:26:05
would present himself there before the gods and therefore01:26:07
you might slip through and if you do01:26:09
buried near the king's tomb as in01:26:12
ancient kingdom yes well and either if you01:26:14
will be escorted out correctly01:26:16
funeral rites and proper01:26:18
funerary text as a new kingdom01:26:20
when someone so wonderful appears01:26:22
a phenomenon well known to you as01:26:24
negan dead who need the same thing01:26:26
I definitely don’t need to say at the moment01:26:28
her but still she was never called01:26:30
so not not normal book of the dead up01:26:32
Egyptians call something the book of the dead01:26:34
impossible because they are not about death01:26:37
there they write it was called chapters or words01:26:40
or sayings about going out into the day or into the world01:26:43
day ralu well before m dick in any way01:26:45
case not the book of the dead that's what they called it01:26:47
Egyptologists01:26:48
then they themselves realized that your name was Iblis01:26:50
even the whole congress of Egypt logically01:26:52
to think about the name we realized that01:26:55
the name is already fixed so be it01:26:56
but everyone knows that it wasn’t called that01:26:58
was never called was called about01:27:01
going out on the day good good jigs01:27:03
condemning those complex prostitutes01:27:05
very difficult to understand and translate01:27:08
It’s very difficult to do everything with him but01:27:10
beautiful beyond belief01:27:13
let's go back to our Osiris, he too01:27:15
goes into the sarcophagus and of course the sarcophagus01:27:17
Grid's minions jump on him01:27:22
they nail up this sarcophagus and throw it away01:27:25
the waters of the Nile and the waters of the Nile swallow it up and01:27:27
this element swallowed them up in one moment01:27:29
the sith reigns on the throne but you must01:27:31
understand that this cannot happen01:27:34
not truth reigned on the throne in ancient01:27:36
Egypt because01:27:37
nim egypt king is the one who guarantees01:27:40
compliance with the law of this01:27:43
the most amazing word01:27:44
ancient Egyptian which are definitely01:27:46
translate the impossible from he guarantees01:27:49
this is the observance of this order01:27:51
divine primordial nobody01:27:53
which at the beginning of the world arose or even01:27:55
no, it was going on, it guarantees01:27:58
observance of it on earth he is01:27:59
conductor mate because he is god because01:28:02
that the king of Egypt is not a mediator as01:28:04
lugal Sumerian and he is the incarnate01:28:07
deity vessel of deity it has a double01:28:10
nature he is a creature with a dual nature01:28:12
moment of enthronement he acquires a second01:28:14
divine nature and are magnified after01:28:17
this god has several01:28:18
divine titles first he choir01:28:20
God Hark son of Osiris01:28:22
because from him the royal01:28:25
it is as if he appears to his vessels directly01:28:27
figuratively for the Egyptians not figuratively01:28:30
secondly, he is the son of ra, he is the son of the sun01:28:33
God and the little sun on earth before there is01:28:36
great sun ra and there is a young or01:28:38
little and the sun is actually the pharaoh yes01:28:41
among other things, he embodies01:28:43
Osiris because he will be the one when01:28:45
whoever will intercede will die01:28:47
before the whole world this afterlife for everyone01:28:49
and how to lead people here01:28:52
people there and besides everything he is also a grid01:28:55
embodies the gone sets of the beginning of the angry01:28:58
Egyptian king01:28:59
besides the fact that he is there for the ritual and01:29:01
administrator and effective manager01:29:04
he is still the war chief who will01:29:06
defend your country and therefore this01:29:10
the angry aspect is also manifested in him if01:29:12
you look at free at the reliefs of the new01:29:15
kingdom there the king will pester you01:29:17
two types always only either he01:29:20
there's something in the temple the cadet is doing there01:29:22
the censer is the mayor pouring out a libation01:29:25
brings some lamps or01:29:26
offerings to the gods, that is, participating in01:29:29
rituals because only through him01:29:31
the ritual can only be performed by him01:29:33
is the one who can sacrifice to the gods01:29:36
everyone else donates I receive01:29:39
powers from him, that is, he transfers01:29:40
his powers to the priests for which he did not01:29:42
can have time to run through all the temples01:29:44
ancient egypt01:29:45
so he seems to delegate his01:29:47
powers to the residents but it is he who is the guarantor01:29:49
This he who is responsible is he the only one01:29:51
through whom the prayers of the people can reach01:29:54
especially the ears of the gods in the literal sense of the word01:29:57
in the era of lobster it's just so over them01:29:59
[applause]01:30:01
yes he is such an amazing figure01:30:04
because he is the son of Osiris and embodies01:30:07
everything is choir and I return Osiris to myself01:30:10
ira he embodies himself and even the grid01:30:12
embodies as an angry beginning01:30:14
what the king also needs and the second option01:30:17
images of him on reliefs are him on01:30:19
chariot or was a mace on foot01:30:23
will visit there and beat his enemies or01:30:26
on a chariot strikes them en masse and01:30:28
keeps them there like a bunch of carrots01:30:30
all the wonderful reliefs in your hands01:30:32
well, either if he starts he just01:30:34
has been sitting for an eternity without moving01:30:36
with your royal insignia my beauty01:30:38
magic but he's always like this01:30:41
only for my page this is his task01:30:43
in the world and no others, but here I am01:30:46
Sometimes Assyrian kings are depicted01:30:48
vacationers reclining there and something there01:30:50
eat 7 drinkers and pharaoh no because01:30:54
that's not why he's here, that's not his thing at all01:30:55
tasks in general, isn’t he basically God?01:30:58
for someone else in the world at all here01:31:00
god incarnate, well, Osiris is boarded up01:31:03
floated there from Paul and melted along the Nile01:31:06
but his faithful wife and the sedan with her01:31:08
let your faithful sister send oil01:31:11
look for him on a long journey find01:31:14
him in the city of the bible in Phoenician01:31:16
coast01:31:17
it still has historical01:31:19
justification for why they are found there01:31:22
this01:31:23
sarcophagus I mourn the body I miss very much01:31:26
there are many stories there but still I mourn01:31:30
his body Isis conceives hers from him01:31:34
son of the choir I wonder what water is conceiving01:31:37
comes from the dead she brings him to life01:31:39
just enough so that he can conceive her01:31:41
give her an heir because someone01:31:44
I have to restore this mat this01:31:45
checkmate on the ground he must Astana01:31:47
restore it before restore even01:31:49
a legitimate king a legitimate king can01:31:51
be only from the legitimate king here01:31:53
everything is clear but after that the grid is again01:31:56
finds the body of Osiris and cuts it into pieces01:31:58
parts into 14 parts scattered all over01:32:00
to the world and again Isis is coming, these animals are on01:32:03
to which he sends his unfortunate01:32:04
spouses underworld is the opposite wife01:32:07
who roughly gets her husband out of there01:32:09
she walks the earth again and collects these01:32:12
pieces together and then they help her01:32:15
other gods such as god Anubis01:32:18
invents embalming which is then01:32:20
repeated in each act01:32:22
embalming is always repetition01:32:23
of that initial gathering of the body from01:32:26
parts restoration body from parts01:32:28
which the god Anubis once did on01:32:31
the body of Osiris, here again are wonderful01:32:33
painting from the tomb with an image of this01:32:35
absolutely stunning mural because01:32:37
what are Jen's dreams? royal artist courtier01:32:40
that’s why he has royal-level paintings01:32:42
almost technology-wise, gracefully and01:32:45
in beauty, here he is, God restores01:32:50
Anubis restores the body of Osiris like this01:32:52
there is an invention of, let's say, a ritual01:32:55
God invents mummification01:32:59
magic formulas that fall into01:33:02
basis of the book of the dead text01:33:03
healing money of the ancient Egyptians author01:33:06
like the author of the book of the dead god is that god01:33:08
wisdom patron of scribes isis go01:33:12
before casting these spells mourn01:33:15
bodies on both sides they are usually01:33:16
depicted around the body here in01:33:19
as a result of all this done01:33:21
rituals, of course, these are all actions01:33:23
then form the basis of a complex01:33:25
incredibly difficult very beautiful01:33:28
funeral rites performed01:33:30
of over people both over kings and in01:33:32
reduced finitely truncated form who01:33:34
what can he afford01:33:35
over simple love this business is expensive01:33:38
only a long embalming ceremony01:33:40
last at least 70 days up to 70 days is01:33:43
only the period that the body endures01:33:45
here in this on the throne in this in this salt01:33:48
Egyptian which unifies01:33:51
own body of there are a lot of other things01:33:53
other things need to be done01:33:54
that's why you're getting more and more squishy01:33:56
the minimum period in general01:33:58
more of course passes between an hour01:34:01
death and the moment of placement in the tomb01:34:05
call it so attacked a funeral in01:34:06
in our sense of the word it doesn’t look like it, but here it is01:34:11
this is the first time this has happened in the world01:34:13
right here in this myth01:34:14
and then every person goes through this01:34:16
the path passes through the path of Osiris and so it01:34:18
name and written in the book of the dead where01:34:20
the customer's name was entered01:34:22
must be there must be there01:34:23
sound the customer's name, she fit in01:34:26
with a hyphen, relatively speaking, there are hyphens01:34:28
of course there are none in this language in this01:34:31
writing like Osiris they for example01:34:34
or there is Osiris above that is, here and on01:34:36
was hyphenated by Osiris because01:34:38
that he follows the path of Osiris if the woman01:34:41
I’ll also master it right away, I’ll preempt all questions from you01:34:44
the women of the pharaohs Hatshepsut were even01:34:47
such special Oserese statues01:34:50
where she was depicted as standing with strength01:34:52
beard up very beautiful at the same time01:34:55
pour all the female facial features into01:34:57
preserved and very beautifully and in general01:34:59
amazing and perfect image here01:35:03
and then what do we get in01:35:04
as a result of all this done on01:35:07
he needs siri himself procedures Osiris01:35:10
resurrects in this world in Merida from in01:35:13
this absolutely not underground gloomy but01:35:15
still shining because this is the world01:35:18
the gods live there too, the gods live here01:35:21
the world of eternity and it becomes you see01:35:24
he sits on the throne and now explain mine01:35:26
green skin because it's a color01:35:29
resurrection green is my favorite color01:35:31
Navina color of Egyptian culture blue and01:35:33
green is that this light of eternal life01:35:36
resurrection, uprising even of life and01:35:40
death this is all very good01:35:43
the color is very positive to me students01:35:46
I tell you why he's green01:35:48
but because he's a corpse I say do it01:35:50
it's because he's immortal friends and01:35:53
he conquered death, you can hear it01:35:55
amazing story well no no it is01:36:02
rather the grass they had was wonderful01:36:04
ritual when they took such a sarcophagus01:36:05
the form of Osiris, sometimes quite small01:36:08
small like this and sometimes bigger01:36:10
sometimes even human height was poured01:36:12
there's fertile land there01:36:14
actually Nile and seeds and01:36:16
there were holes in the sarcophagus then these01:36:18
the seeds sprouted and were watered with water01:36:20
Nile seeds sprouted this one01:36:22
Osiris about raw became yes about the literal sense01:36:24
words like green sprouts of eternal life and01:36:26
death as the grain falls into black01:36:29
the earth dies where food appeared01:36:31
life is a grain that died but01:36:34
sprouted01:36:35
this is a very Egyptian metaphor01:36:37
notice that she is here in the biblical01:36:40
context nowhere from nowhere yes she01:36:43
rethought a little but only01:36:45
a little bit actually and in front of you01:36:48
absolutely amazing this is a papyrus book01:36:51
dead at nefera 125 chapter central01:36:55
chapter of the book of the dead probably for you01:36:57
known and because everything is usual01:37:00
people know about this book of the dead01:37:02
chapter there is this afterlife judgment scene01:37:05
because now after Osiris people01:37:08
this posthumous fate appears01:37:11
with oneself directly with oneself not figuratively01:37:13
paved the way to this world by the duat01:37:17
in some minds he is the one01:37:19
who laid the sanda from01:37:21
because there are those growing up01:37:22
images where duat this afterlife01:37:25
depicted in the body of Osiris directly in the body01:37:28
or he has it like an acrobat with a ring01:37:30
goes around the body of Osiris or inside it01:37:33
body is directly duat and is located, that is, he01:37:35
paved this world with himself, you understand01:37:37
as you wish, mythopoetics imaginary01:37:39
there is no logic but there is myth01:37:41
poetic logic and now he is in01:37:43
this peace of two truths on the throne01:37:46
sits like a king like kings judge yes he01:37:50
judges every soul that comes to him01:37:52
man, here is the god Anubis01:37:53
god guide to the world of the dead god protector01:37:56
necropolis and leads this very huni01:37:58
ferro to01:38:01
the table is at Osiris's, but here it already leads01:38:02
the throne is the choir his son shows him01:38:05
way to01:38:06
this god is the patron god of wisdom01:38:09
letters stands with scribe's supplies01:38:12
because he will be recording now01:38:14
sentence and it is important that it is important to be01:38:17
justified macher tired that is right01:38:20
vowel01:38:21
what how is this happening happening01:38:23
next time dilute the scales here01:38:25
his heart container is weighed01:38:28
feelings thoughts for the ancient Egyptian01:38:31
their brains didn’t matter at all01:38:32
Nothing01:38:33
nothing at all, but the heart first01:38:37
everything is there and thoughts and there and feelings there and01:38:40
the containers of souls are all souls and they have none01:38:42
soul there everything is complicated to your liking then01:38:44
refined high culture there01:38:46
such a complex concept of man that01:38:48
and even a few souls are all in the heart and soul01:38:51
in the heart that's why it's this heart01:38:53
brought the deceased to the court of Osiris she01:38:56
swore on the scales sometimes they tried01:39:02
cheat and offer instead of a heart01:39:03
Heart Scarab Amulet01:39:06
for example on which it was written01:39:07
a spell where they asked for their heart01:39:10
don't testify against them because01:39:13
that they understood the real heart01:39:15
can let them down, but that's what01:39:19
magically created perhaps01:39:22
will allow you to slip through and I wonder what’s in01:39:25
this moment01:39:26
the deceased uttered some negative01:39:28
confession through forty-two phrases01:39:32
which are on us according to the same system01:39:34
were arranged I didn't do anyone there I01:39:37
Not01:39:39
I did not change the plots of land01:39:41
kidnapped01:39:43
from the gods of their offerings and so on there01:39:45
there were sins against people and sins against01:39:47
gods and then face 42 of these days for me01:39:50
ten commandments so that we understand 42 of 4201:39:53
God everyone listens to the commandment according to01:39:55
which he manages, here they are sitting at the top01:39:57
in general, everything is very complicated and on the other hand01:40:01
a feather seemed to tip the scales01:40:02
the true magician is this symbol of this01:40:04
the law itself can even be said01:40:07
eternal because when the frame01:40:09
existed on the primordial hill of land01:40:11
he already has this feather with him01:40:12
it is as if she had already been given this law by01:40:15
by which he will everything happen in the world01:40:16
and this feather of the goddess is a true magician01:40:19
placed on other scales, the bowls must01:40:21
will balance if they are balanced01:40:23
Then01:40:24
the deceased is declared right to the public and so01:40:28
it can actually proceed to01:40:30
throne of the ruler and personally appear before01:40:32
him and then if he went through all this later01:40:35
he still has to go and follow01:40:38
to the fields of Ialu, to those places where actually01:40:41
it will take forever until01:40:43
it looked like this is also son and jam01:40:45
I really love the paintings of this tomb01:40:48
I hear this is fantastically beautiful01:40:50
amazing fields and this is it01:40:52
Egyptian rayda you see is here and01:40:54
gardens that the Egyptians loved very much01:40:56
Of course, there are also few gardens, but every house01:41:00
without it would definitely have been rich01:41:02
wealthy especially necessarily had01:41:04
garden and small interior we give for what01:41:06
they were just big garden lovers01:41:08
here, of course, are these wonderful fruit01:41:10
the gardens and here the pond are these blue ones01:41:13
the channels are very typical of Egypt and01:41:16
here you see what kind of wheat is in01:41:18
the human race and the ear is like an elbow01:41:22
and here they can worship01:41:24
see the deities because they worship01:41:27
here he prices jam and his wife01:41:29
visibility01:41:30
they worship deities right here01:41:33
the sun itself in its celestial01:41:35
pancakes in the form of such a baby is depicted01:41:37
here they receive when wearing from their01:41:40
relatives who serve as victims01:41:44
come into this world and in this world they01:41:48
blue ones may not work either01:41:49
work out because there is a whole set01:41:51
such wonderful funeral statues01:41:53
this is the couch of the kind of people with01:41:55
marked on them by the sixth chapter of the book01:41:58
dead where it is said that when they will be called01:42:00
Pharaoh can especially call for work01:42:04
he has already sent this call all the time01:42:06
build pyramids as soon as you finish01:42:08
build pyramids let's build great ones01:42:09
temples are also a lot of work, of course01:42:12
as soon as the headlight calls for the bathtub to work you01:42:15
stand up and tell me these are the mistakes here01:42:17
turn the servants of the afterlife stand up and01:42:19
says I'm here, it's not their task01:42:21
defendants ears bti defendants they must01:42:24
I'm here to answer when called01:42:26
the work of this own right01:42:27
vowel who is there nakhta or huni fear01:42:31
or when you call for him to eat01:42:33
who will answer to whom who will be for him01:42:35
work here for normal pharaohs01:42:38
there are several every day01:42:39
There were up to 1000 defendants there, up to 80001:42:42
pieces and a rich person could too01:42:45
be for every day according to this answer01:42:47
we could even give them to each other01:42:48
for example, on some memorable dates01:42:50
because too little is never too much, I think01:42:54
errors01:42:56
You never know how many works there are, nobody like them01:42:59
doesn’t know completely01:43:02
different hell different feeling different01:43:04
breath seems to be given by this religion and01:43:07
looks completely different01:43:09
there is a deity here because Osiris is here01:43:11
it's clear that he's not a victim, he's not01:43:13
Christ who sacrifices himself yes but also01:43:16
further this story is similar to himself01:43:18
paves the way for resurrection for everyone01:43:21
man and they seem to follow him and01:43:24
as if as if he was behind him and as if as01:43:27
he and this is literally like him because01:43:29
Osiris they yes siree skony ferb spelled in01:43:32
each in each of these scrolls of these books01:43:35
dead in these funeral formulas01:43:38
thanks to him they go01:43:40
them and endure the trial procedure there01:43:42
procedure for weighing the heart something01:43:44
very individual and very01:43:46
individual and something very personal yes01:43:49
this is personal responsibility01:43:50
appears before the deity01:43:53
personal responsibility for one's own01:43:55
posthumous fate yes it is not01:43:57
automatic process gave birth to sons01:43:59
Well done, you'll get bread before01:44:01
that's all before that's some other process01:44:03
ethical is a process of building01:44:05
certain positions because this01:44:08
from she demands not only from the pharaoh and01:44:11
somehow implement it in01:44:13
space of the world01:44:14
it demands from the common man01:44:16
implement in your own space01:44:18
simple personal life and here is some01:44:21
such ethical prizes, forgive me01:44:24
I'll say this01:44:25
in all this it is heard although it is a long time ago01:44:27
until now until Karl Jaspers here01:44:30
this is described in time when01:44:31
there is personal responsibility to01:44:34
deity for his fate and so on but01:44:36
Egypt already has it here Egypt already has it01:44:38
well, if we take the book of the dead there01:44:40
like the classic form where it appears01:44:43
this idea of judgment in its entirety because01:44:46
there in earlier texts she is not yet01:44:48
appears in this form but it's gender01:44:50
one and a half thousand years BC before01:44:52
there are three and a half thousand years ago01:44:54
that's how much because a thousand years before01:44:57
this axial time almost before and again01:45:01
the figure of the king here is a little different, yes01:45:03
he is also a mediator between the world of the gods and01:45:05
people but this is typical for everyone01:45:07
a theocracy, of course, but here it’s a little01:45:10
another figure in front of you, well, two of them01:45:13
the most famous such artifacts01:45:15
showing us the king on the right01:45:17
funeral mask of pharaoh tutankhamun01:45:19
which you all found out she went alone01:45:21
you can't confuse this with anything01:45:23
although some were confused some were confused01:45:26
Pusha there is also a funeral mask01:45:30
psu son with a golden but they are very01:45:32
different but very beautiful01:45:34
Tutankhamun is here in a headscarf not a mission with01:45:37
with this fantastic double urium, here you go01:45:41
What can I add? This is one of the most01:45:43
great in general, objects of art, humanity01:45:46
for sure01:45:47
and to your left is this statue of Ramses01:45:50
second great01:45:51
one of the most brilliant rulers01:45:53
ancient egypt from the turin museum01:45:56
a masterpiece of the Turkish museum is also absolutely01:45:58
fantastic thing here too01:46:02
doesn't say anything because she needs to01:46:04
just look at this image of the king01:46:06
who is the god on earth who guarantees01:46:08
mate, moreover, they even have their own crisis01:46:11
they were very serious crises01:46:13
cultural which are called01:46:15
they associated transition periods with01:46:17
the fact that the king and stopped embodying the mat01:46:20
ceased to embody deity yes they01:46:22
we know very little to go through01:46:24
transition periods what they actually have01:46:25
the overthrow actually happened, but didn’t happen01:46:27
power collapse of power royal collapse01:46:30
countries are small, but we are arches with us01:46:32
at the head01:46:34
and how they then write their own there01:46:37
receiving in God ceased to dwell between01:46:39
by us, that is, these kings who must01:46:41
were to be gods and guarantee everyone01:46:43
participation in the divine on the virgin they01:46:46
ceased to be gods and that's why01:46:48
what happened happened collapse01:46:50
culture but they could always collect01:46:52
itself is an amazing culture with01:46:54
the amazing power of cultural memory here01:46:56
if Mesopotamian cultures laughed01:46:58
the Sumerians left and then the acacias came01:47:01
came about Mary there was Babylon then01:47:03
these Assyrians came and quite01:47:05
it turned out to be a different story but here they are01:47:08
all the time here from the ashes of yourself01:47:10
restoration, everything fell apart01:47:11
so much so that we even have documents01:47:13
there are no normal ones to change them about this period01:47:15
yes, but at the same time they are as soon as they have01:47:18
the king was found again who united01:47:21
the whole earth as soon as the one who appeared01:47:24
again he took his hands, this is mate and01:47:27
restored it again on their land01:47:29
a great era began again there01:47:31
middle kingdom great era later01:47:33
again collapse conquest conquerors01:47:36
came to the royal throne and all that01:47:38
other but then only as soon as 1701:47:41
dynasty as soon as yah mass01:47:42
how to collect these lands again and drive them out01:47:45
the Hyksos are starting again01:47:46
instant almost dawn is already on01:47:48
level is also the dynasty that kicked out01:47:50
invaders are already flourishing, we are seeing01:47:53
there is a culture that thanks to01:47:54
what they believed was very01:47:56
serious things in this image of the royal01:47:58
the authorities here in this actual physical01:48:00
water gets into this story01:48:04
man in this is beyond01:48:06
transcendental space here they are somehow01:48:09
I think we collected ourselves through these basic01:48:11
stories were collected because after that01:48:13
things that are not what culture01:48:15
the other one wasn't worried, they were worried, let's01:48:17
were recovering from some01:48:19
absolutely01:48:20
committing sheikh disaster collapses01:48:21
it would seem that this culture is all over, but01:48:24
they even they even died for a thousand years now01:48:26
this culture has been going on for a thousand years01:48:28
and so we could still flourish01:48:29
ever when they rolled up01:48:31
the last thousand years of his01:48:33
existence is just strong01:48:34
fantastic sunset before fantastic01:48:37
sunset but that's what the wife wanted for you01:48:41
tell and of course but this is a choir01:48:44
which demonstrates a certain pattern01:48:46
royal power, he won his father's throne from01:48:49
God of the Sith he restored the mat, trampled from01:48:53
Yaphet is something that is the opposite of something01:48:55
not true house lie in general very difficult01:48:58
concept too, but it has a coronado on it01:49:00
our main couple is K and Karon, one of them01:49:02
most common in images01:49:04
this is the crown of upper and lower Egypt here01:49:06
he is the pharaoh who united the top and01:49:08
the lower land delta and valley united01:49:11
them together and that’s how the same one began01:49:14
human history and only through this01:49:16
unification and it was restored01:49:18
always and that yes and this is the last one01:49:22
frame to show you what culture01:49:24
very cheerful they were extremely loved01:49:25
life that hunting scene is absolutely01:49:27
fantastic in the tomb of course from where01:49:29
we also have all the beautiful scenes there01:49:31
almost no matter where you point your finger01:49:33
if it's colored01:49:34
this is, well, sometimes this is a temple painting01:49:37
in some cases still preserved01:49:38
pigments and basically these are all tombs01:49:41
new material well preserved01:49:43
the best thing is they are always there01:49:44
sent this, you understand that when01:49:47
they did paintings in the tombs, they didn’t01:49:49
thought that later the museums would fight for01:49:51
yes, but who will take possession of it? They are the same01:49:54
it was sealed on01:49:55
century they did it with painting only for01:49:57
one person for whom that who01:49:59
placed saw on the tomb this is his world01:50:01
he was created this world by which he01:50:03
will have to jump to arrive like this01:50:05
way was created formed on01:50:08
magically of course, but at the same time01:50:11
aesthetically, look how01:50:13
beauty is actually clear now01:50:17
that these two objects are very01:50:18
they like to compare very quickly01:50:21
view of the pyramidal tomb01:50:26
so in particular the pyramids of Giza because of01:50:30
rest us in a temple obligatory with her01:50:32
and the great ziggurat, yay, they’re the same01:50:35
are completely unequal to each other because01:50:36
that they are generated by different consciousness01:50:38
different sensations of the otherworldlyDescription:
Почему я считаю, что в Древнем Египте был ОДИН бог: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=osbuvI6I4uM История Шумера. Кратко обо всем: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lgr6977Qank Что означает статуэтка египетской кошки? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7pBMI-qxs-k ❤️ Ранний доступ к лекциям и к закрытым курсам: https://www.patreon.com/bila_kava Чтобы не пропускать новые лекции следите за Белый Кофе / Біла Кава в социальных сетях: https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser FB: https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser VK: https://vk.com/art_kava Telegram: https://t.me/art_kava Плейлист Мифология Египта: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oYmXFGeL_xM&list=PLOfLPtFGmyujz51j2uTOrPJ9XZXcv1H5b 🎬 Шумерский загадочный артефакт Штандарт войны и мира из Ура: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dKFJNsPpoLM Продолжение лекции: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3sKGYNAQv1I Религиозные представления двух древних городских культур: Египет и Шумеры. Какие именно мифы у египтян и шумеров позаимствовало христианство для своей библейской мифологии? Отношение двух великих цивилизаций к потустороннему, сакральному миру. Философия культуры Египта и Шумеров. Лекция имеет много образовательных иллюстраций. ___ Облако тем в лекции: Месопотамия. Плодородный полумесяц. Иерихон. Гёбекли-Тепе. Призраки городской цивилизации. Зиккурат Ура. Богиня Иштар это. Подзебный мир Кур (в шумеро-аккадской мифологии — царство Иркалла). Эрешкигаль. Представление шумеров о загробном мире. Загробный мир у египтян. Египетская мифология. Символы Египта. История бога Сет и Осирис. Царство Дуат. Религия Древнего Египта. Культ загробной жизни в Древнем Египте.
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