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Video tags
Subtitles
Russian
00:00:07
On August 26,00:00:09
1944, Paris celebrated its00:00:12
liberation, the00:00:13
German occupation ended, the capital of00:00:17
France rejoiced, the sounds of the Marseillaise and00:00:19
long-awaited freedom captivated the hearts of00:00:22
Parisians, the Champs Elysees turned into a00:00:25
seething human sea, through it,00:00:28
like a fairy-tale giant,00:00:31
General de Gaulle walked proudly, a man who became for the00:00:33
whole world the personification of an unbroken00:00:36
and free France00:00:38
the celebration was interrupted by unexpected00:00:40
shots, an unknown shooter opened00:00:43
fire on the crowd from the top floor of one00:00:45
of the buildings,00:00:46
panic began, someone rushed to the ground,00:00:49
someone tried to hide behind the trees00:00:52
and00:00:53
only one person did not move,00:00:56
lighting a cigarette, he calmly00:00:59
watched the shootout, it was the general00:01:02
de Gaulle, he didn’t even bend when00:01:06
the bullets were flying, he held his head above him, without00:01:11
lowering his head, in00:01:13
total, 23 assassination attempts were made on Charles de Gaulle,00:01:16
but none of the killers achieved00:01:19
their goal, the00:01:20
general served his country for more than 5000:01:23
years and returned France to the status of a great00:01:26
world power,00:01:29
but that's when w the world, then very much the whole of00:01:32
France, let's say that everyone believed that this was the00:01:35
greatest Frenchman,00:01:39
what Charles de Gaulle did to save00:01:41
France, for which some adored him and others00:01:44
hated him, how he saw the future of Europe00:01:47
and his country00:02:31
[music]00:02:40
June 20,00:02:41
1966 in At Vnukovo airport, the00:02:45
French presidential board of the00:02:47
caravel landed in the Soviet capital. The00:02:50
President of France, General Charles00:02:52
de Gaulle, his wife Ivanna and son Philip,00:02:56
in honor of the guests, an honor00:02:59
guard of three branches of the military was formed,00:03:03
the orchestra played the national anthem of the00:03:05
USSR and France,00:03:08
artillery salvoes rang out,00:03:14
and so began the historic visit of General00:03:17
de Gaulle to the Soviet Union for00:03:19
the first time since the beginning of the Cold War, the00:03:22
leader of a large Western state that00:03:25
is part of NATO visited the USSR,00:03:28
thousands of Muscovites took to the streets to00:03:31
greet the famous00:03:33
French general, I saw him personally,00:03:37
truth or second, when he entered00:03:40
Moscow, he was a kind grandfather he was glad to00:03:44
meet us, such kind Russian people,00:03:48
this artist was asleep, of course he knew how to00:03:52
transform himself as it00:03:55
suited the situation without losing his00:03:57
dignity, the00:04:00
next day after arriving in the00:04:03
capital of the USSR, de Gaulle addressed00:04:06
Muscovites from the balcony of the Moscow City Council building,00:04:08
he ended his speech with the words00:04:15
[ applause]00:04:22
and the00:04:25
old lady and00:04:27
[applause]00:04:29
party00:04:39
Nancy bloody gore was the main00:04:42
historical value that embodied both00:04:44
national virtues and the spirit of00:04:47
patriotism, not00:04:50
statehood and in general everything that00:04:53
is meant by the concept of homeland from this00:04:56
point of view, he treated the Soviet00:05:00
Union not like this to the Soviet Union, the00:05:02
union of Soviet socialist00:05:03
republics, the communist state,00:05:06
he has an expression: Russia will drink00:05:09
communism like a blotter of ink and00:05:13
Russia will not care, this eternal Russia is00:05:16
just like eternal France, that’s what00:05:22
de Gaulle’s whole trip to the USSR was for him, it shocked00:05:25
Western society,00:05:27
European and American politicians were00:05:30
disheartened by how warmly the Soviet00:05:32
people greeted the French president,00:05:34
who never shared the ideas of00:05:36
communism,00:05:39
during his 10 days in the Soviet Union,00:05:43
de Gaulle visited Novosibirsk,00:05:45
Leningrad, Kiev and Volgograd,00:05:48
he became the only Western leader00:05:51
whom the Soviet authorities allowed to00:05:53
visit the Baikonur cosmodrome,00:05:56
along with Leonid Brezhnev, the general00:05:59
was present during the launch of the00:06:00
Soviet scientific satellite into orbit00:06:04
in Moscow, de Gaulle visited the Bolshoi Theater,00:06:07
took part in demonstration military00:06:10
exercises and visited Stalin’s grave,00:06:14
at the end of his visit, the general00:06:17
finally won the hearts of Soviet00:06:20
citizens by speaking on the radio with words of00:06:22
gratitude in good Russian,00:06:29
all the cloudberries00:06:32
Moisey are very much for us strongly00:06:35
who have us key and see00:06:40
from the bottom of my heart I00:06:43
express my gratitude00:06:48
for the wonderful00:06:52
not indicated on the water to its rulers00:07:01
something and to00:07:03
each of us with00:07:06
a lyre I00:07:07
sit a pen00:07:10
I give him life00:07:13
up if00:07:15
your bags and your country00:07:20
than the deputy00:07:22
I say00:07:25
that the new France is the spirit of the new hands00:07:32
until lights out Khomitsky00:07:37
then strange friendship00:07:40
profile00:07:45
as a result of negotiations de Gaulle and00:07:48
Brezhnev entered into an agreement that went down in00:07:51
history as a declaration of détente00:07:53
[music]00:07:55
this document first proclaimed the00:07:57
basic principles of peaceful00:07:59
coexistence of countries with different00:08:01
political and economic systems on00:08:06
July 1,00:08:08
1966, on the day of de Gaulle’s return from the00:08:12
ussr,00:08:13
france announced its withdrawal from nato00:08:19
that fact, in fact,00:08:22
he wanted to make france a00:08:27
great power that could be00:08:30
accomplished, and he was definitely happy about it, which was that00:08:33
france’s potential was certainly not enough00:08:36
to equal the united00:08:39
states of america or the soviet union, but00:08:42
he believed that france could become00:08:43
the leader of Western Europe and for him it was00:08:46
very important that France, on behalf of00:08:52
Western Europeans,00:08:54
would wedge itself into this dialogue between the two00:08:57
superpowers00:09:00
during the Second World War, General00:09:02
Charles de Gaulle became a national hero of00:09:04
France,00:09:06
many compatriots put him on a00:09:09
par with Jeanne d' Arch and Napoleon,00:09:12
General de Gaulle became the most famous and00:09:15
recognizable French politician of the 20th century,00:09:21
one of the squares in Paris, the main airport in00:09:24
France and a nuclear aircraft carrier were named after him.00:09:27
I think Dagon your gender in French00:09:30
history as the man who00:09:33
saved France saved France from the situation00:09:38
in which it was doomed at this time00:09:41
to a 30 sedate power in self-interest foamy00:09:45
power is on the one hand here is a man00:09:49
who can00:09:52
greatly offend with his arrogance but at the00:09:56
same time this man of his word is a man00:10:00
of honor you will fall of course he00:10:03
calls the man who will appoint00:10:06
appoints a minister he calls him he00:10:09
says to no one way I don’t want I don’t00:10:12
understand then I gave00:10:14
it not I ask you salute France this is what00:10:19
all the fire is about these00:10:21
solemn00:10:22
manners00:10:25
his nickname was turkey00:10:28
from the time of his studies00:10:32
really well because he had a very00:10:34
tall head raised proudly and of00:10:37
course he was proud, but he was not00:10:42
arrogant, he could00:10:45
behave arrogantly, but this one00:10:49
was always subordinated to some goal, he00:10:53
very clearly knew the column of the general00:10:55
and that he would save France, that’s what00:10:57
he always did before,00:11:01
Charles de Gaulle, for the sake of November 22,00:11:05
1890,00:11:08
he was third as a child in an impoverished00:11:11
noble family,00:11:13
his father Henri de Gaulle taught00:11:16
philosophy and literature at a Jesuit school,00:11:20
Charles's mother, Jean Moy, came from a00:11:23
family of textile manufacturers,00:11:26
Charles received a good education at home,00:11:32
his father instilled in the boy a love of history and00:11:34
reading,00:11:37
he came from a family that00:11:39
simultaneously inherited these traditions of the00:11:42
French nobility traditions of honor and00:11:45
traditions of serving one's homeland traditions of00:11:48
patriotism00:11:49
Santa Gaul was distinguished by considerable00:11:53
abilities and at the same time a very00:11:56
independent character,00:11:57
he was a boy00:11:59
difficult to control, so one of the00:12:02
teachers wrote in his characterization, he does00:12:06
not stand out in anything special except for00:12:09
his height, he was truly a00:12:11
giant,00:12:14
18 years old shark entered the famous military00:12:17
school Saint-Cyr near Versailles, one of00:12:21
de Gaulle’s classmates, the future General00:12:23
Lafargue, recalled the first meeting with him,00:12:26
and this guy doesn’t consider himself a small thing,00:12:30
he walks as if he were moving his00:12:33
own statue.00:12:36
After graduating from school, the ball was promoted to00:12:39
officer and entered the service in the00:12:41
active army,00:12:54
fire constantly dreamed of reform, the00:12:57
French army, although he was a participant in the00:12:59
First World War at Verdun, he was00:13:01
captured, he was in a German concentration camp00:13:04
alone, he was very worried that the00:13:09
French won victory without him, but at the same time00:13:12
he learned very serious lessons both garden and00:13:14
war00:13:16
for his participation in the First World War, de00:13:19
Gaulle was awarded France's highest award, the00:13:21
Order of the Legion of Honor;00:13:25
having returned to his homeland, he began00:13:28
teaching military science at prestigious00:13:30
army schools and universities; when he00:13:34
entered the classroom, starting a lecture in Verdun,00:13:37
he suddenly said, I'm throwing it into the00:13:41
classroom daewoo daewoo is to become become00:13:45
the meaning to stand up standing at attention and everyone00:13:48
there were generals, colonels, new wives00:13:51
and everyone jumped up, this is the kind of person he00:13:53
could be near weak people in00:13:57
1921, de Gaulle married the daughter of a00:14:00
French industrialist and a bath in00:14:02
Andru00:14:04
in the thirties, the family acquired the00:14:07
Basri estate in the village of Columbia dose of00:14:10
glass from00:14:12
Charles and Ivan and three children were born,00:14:17
de Gaulle's youngest daughter, she suffered from00:14:21
Down syndrome and lived only 21 years,00:14:25
the general mourned his favorite for the rest of00:14:28
his life and bequeathed to bury himself next to00:14:31
her,00:14:33
he remains faithful to his family 1.00:14:38
Down syndrome and how long has he been creating a fund for00:14:42
sick children for a long time, he encourages this, he00:14:46
spends his personal funds on this,00:14:49
he was absolutely impeccably00:14:52
honest and completely alien to any00:14:55
commercialism, for example,00:15:00
after the war, he was an officer of a fairly00:15:03
high rank, well, he was supposed to have an orderly, who00:15:06
were the orderlies, they were00:15:08
simultaneous maids, cleaners and00:15:10
errand boys, and they00:15:13
starred there, dominated the officers, boots00:15:15
and were at the beck and call of John, never did00:15:19
Gaulle allow his wife00:15:20
to use the services of his orderly, but he00:15:23
simply never00:15:25
used his orderly as a servant00:15:29
in the thirties, de Gaulle became famous a00:15:32
military theorist,00:15:35
his colleagues called him Colonel Motor00:15:38
[music] In00:15:40
1934, de Gaulle published a book00:15:43
called for a professional army00:15:47
in it he argued that the main weapon of00:15:50
future wars would be tank troops.00:15:53
de Gaulle’s book was translated into00:15:56
German and presented to Hitler,00:15:59
his work was carefully studied and one of the00:16:02
main ideologists of German00:16:04
tank building going Guderian in 1935,00:16:09
on behalf of Marshal Tukhachevsky,00:16:12
de Gaulle’s work was translated into Russian00:16:13
and published in the USSR00:16:16
at the same time in France00:16:20
almost no one took de Gaulle’s idea seriously in00:16:22
Paris they believed that the German threat00:16:25
was ended forever00:16:27
near On the German border, the French erected the00:16:29
famous Maginot Line, a grandiose00:16:32
system of fortifications with a00:16:34
length of 750 kilometers,00:16:40
this Maginot Line was initially00:16:43
absolutely ridiculous because it did not00:16:45
cover the entire territory of this English Channel00:16:48
because amla territory, take care of an00:16:50
abundantly neutral country, and just00:16:52
like the feast of the World War this line00:16:54
we need a perfectly fortified with00:16:56
amazing roads with00:16:58
weapons depots, first of all with cannons,00:17:00
pillboxes, pillboxes, we bypassed perfectly in the00:17:04
same place where we bypassed the French00:17:07
defensive structures in the First00:17:09
World War,00:17:24
it took Hitler00:17:26
only 44 days to conquer France on00:17:28
May 10, 1940, almost 3 million00:17:32
German soldiers passing through Belgium and the00:17:35
Netherlands invaded French territory00:17:39
in a matter of days was defeated deny the00:17:42
French divisions one and00:17:43
a half million soldiers and00:17:46
officers were captured in the country, panic began in the country the00:17:50
French government fled from the00:17:52
capital the00:17:53
military unit under the command of de Gaulle00:17:55
was one of the few that00:17:58
resisted the Germans and counterattacked00:18:00
German tanks de Gaulle was appointed00:18:03
deputy minister of war upon learning00:18:06
that his government intended to00:18:08
capitulate, the general flew to London00:18:11
on the evening of June 18, 1940, de Gaulle00:18:15
made a historic speech on the00:18:17
BBC radio station00:18:19
addressing all the French, he said00:18:23
we were flooded enemy force00:18:26
mechanical land and air but00:18:30
have the last words already been said has00:18:33
this defeat been final no believe00:18:36
me I am telling you that nothing is lost00:18:39
for France for France is not alone it is00:18:43
not alone it has a vast empire behind it00:18:47
I am General de Gaulle who has arrived in London I00:18:50
invite French officers and the soldiers00:18:52
who are on British00:18:54
territory or who can be there00:18:57
establish contact with me so that this does not00:18:59
happen, the flame of the French00:19:02
resistance should not go out and will not00:19:04
go out tomorrow as well as today I will00:19:08
speak on radio in London00:19:12
another00:19:13
speaks on radio and00:19:16
he speaks on his own behalf00:19:19
he does not speak that00:19:21
here I represent the French00:19:24
government, here you are,00:19:26
politically and legally, he is not00:19:29
included at all, he is simply calling on the Frenchman, all00:19:32
Frenchmen wherever they are to00:19:35
join him, he is speaking to00:19:39
me, having00:19:41
accepted the surrender of France, Hitler decided to00:19:45
put an end to Germany's historical rival forever, the00:19:49
northern part of the country was occupied by the00:19:51
Wehrmacht in the south, a00:19:55
French state controlled by the Germans00:19:57
or the Vichy regime was established, a00:20:00
new government of dismembered France00:20:03
was headed by the hero of the First World War,00:20:05
Marshal Philip Spots, in the past, this00:20:09
famous commander was the boss00:20:11
and close friend of Charles de Gaulle,00:20:13
the general even named00:20:16
his only son after Pétain and dedicated one to the00:20:18
marshal from his books, now00:20:21
former friends became irreconcilable00:20:23
enemies, the00:20:24
python stripped de Gaulle of all titles and00:20:27
sentenced him to death in00:20:30
absentia as a Frenchman, he hated the00:20:33
Germans and it cannot be said that he00:20:35
sympathized with the guitar and Hitler in00:20:38
any case, but he had his own00:20:40
concept of collaboration I believed00:20:43
that since France lost the war,00:20:47
therefore the main thing for it is to get out of the00:20:51
war with the least losses and therefore it is00:20:54
necessary to preserve the colonies, maintain the fleet and00:20:58
preserve the army in order to become00:21:03
Hitler’s ally as soon as possible and00:21:07
thereby then participate in the feast of the00:21:09
victors after the end of this00:21:12
war in Europe00:21:14
I must say this was later recognized by00:21:18
many French, here in the territory00:21:22
that was controlled by Vichy, there00:21:24
were a lot of people who00:21:29
were generally ready to00:21:30
cooperate,00:21:32
collaborationism was widespread,00:21:35
organizations of such a fascist plan00:21:39
were created by youth00:21:41
sports organizations in imitation of the00:21:44
German, then France00:21:47
gave a lot of people who went to fight00:21:51
on the Soviet front leader among00:21:54
the prisoners of war there were00:21:57
thousands of Frenchmen who fought under00:22:01
German banners so that00:22:05
France did not rise as one as00:22:09
de Gaulle wanted it On00:22:11
June 22, 1940 in London, de Gaulle00:22:15
announced the creation of the Free France movement,00:22:20
addressing his supporters, he said the00:22:25
world war was going on at the present time00:22:28
while00:22:29
France, being at the forefront of the00:22:32
struggle for freedom,00:22:35
was defeated,00:22:38
but the free French do not accept00:22:41
this defeat, the00:22:44
free French do not agree that00:22:47
their country, under the pretext of00:22:49
European order, should serve the enemy as a00:22:52
support base,00:22:56
assembling an empire during the war,00:22:59
liberating their homeland,00:23:01
making a contribution to the restoration of the00:23:04
free world,00:23:06
here our00:23:08
only goal and our only00:23:12
ambition00:23:16
de Gaulle's first attempt to create a00:23:18
resistance army ended in complete00:23:21
failure00:23:22
of the fifty thousand French soldiers00:23:25
stationed in England in the summer of 1940,00:23:29
only 1,200 people joined de Gaulle; the00:23:33
governors of most of the French00:23:36
colonies in Africa supported the00:23:37
Vichy government; they00:23:40
delivered a treacherous stab in the back and00:23:42
British allies,00:23:45
in order to prevent the capture of the French00:23:47
fleet by the Germans, the British decided to destroy the00:23:49
remaining ships of the humiliated and00:23:52
defeated France. On00:23:54
July 3, 1940, the English squadron00:23:58
treacherously attacked and sank the remnants of the00:24:01
French navy in the harbor of00:24:03
Mirel Cyber off the coast of Algeria, one00:24:06
thousand three hundred French00:24:09
sailors and soldiers died00:24:11
in August 1940 alone. In the year de Gaulle00:24:15
won his first political victory00:24:17
in free France, the00:24:20
French colonies in equatorial00:24:23
Africa were added in00:24:24
the fall, de Gaulle made his00:24:27
first trip there,00:24:28
one of the eyewitnesses of this visit00:24:31
recalled the general being very tall, of a00:24:35
monumental build with a long00:24:38
nose above a small mustache, a slightly receding00:24:41
chin and an imperious gaze.00:24:44
seemed much younger than his 50 years,00:24:47
dressed in a khaki uniform and headdress00:24:50
decorated with two brigadier00:24:53
general's stars, he always walked with long strides,00:24:57
usually holding his hands at his sides, spoke00:25:00
slowly sharply, sometimes with sarcasm,00:25:04
his memory was amazing, the00:25:06
power of a monarch simply emanated from him, and now more than00:25:09
ever he justified one of his00:25:12
nicknames as a king in exile;00:25:15
de Gaulle had nothing in France;00:25:20
nevertheless, de Gaulle tried with all his00:25:23
might to prove that the armed00:25:27
forces of this faction are a great country, that you00:25:31
must reckon with us, you must00:25:34
recognize us as personifications of that00:25:37
great empire that00:25:40
existed and will exist00:25:43
during the war, the headquarters ran established00:25:47
constant contact with the resistance forces00:25:48
on French territory, the00:25:51
general trained and transported00:25:54
868 agents to their homeland who led the00:25:57
underground struggle against the Germans and00:25:59
involved thousands of people in it, it is00:26:03
believed that during the war years the00:26:06
French resistance forces increased00:26:08
to 400 thousand people00:26:10
in his regular radio addresses from00:26:13
London, the general00:26:15
supported the morale of the partisans by all means00:26:17
[applause]00:26:19
[music]00:26:21
what he did, speaking at the parade, he00:26:23
said that tomorrow at 12 noon I am00:26:29
declaring a00:26:31
general strike of those who want00:26:35
to fight Nazism only two minutes,00:26:38
which made it possible to do this on the one00:26:40
hand, it allowed all Protestants to00:26:44
get rid of possible repressions00:26:47
because two minutes for two minutes,00:26:50
for example, in a classroom at a00:26:54
university, suddenly a professor in the middle of a00:26:57
lecture00:26:58
falls silent and for two minutes he teaches and the00:27:01
students who also listened to this radio00:27:04
they understand that the professor is with them and they are00:27:07
all silent, let them sit and therefore there00:27:10
can be no repression and solidarity is00:27:12
thereby emphasized, not by me alone but by everyone00:27:16
around me who is against.00:27:18
By the end of 1941,00:27:23
about fifty thousand people joined de Gaulle’s army,00:27:26
this was less than the number of the 1st00:27:28
Army Corps of the Wehrmacht the00:27:34
general's American and British allies at first generally refused00:27:36
to recognize him as the leader of the French nation00:27:39
[music]00:27:41
their bet was on something else; it was a very00:27:44
complex game, but the game was to00:27:47
win over only the narrow colonial administration to their side00:27:53
because I considered his stains to be his main00:27:56
merit did not surrender the French colonies00:27:58
[music]00:28:02
President of the United States Franklin00:28:04
Roosevelt called de Gaulle a crazy00:28:07
gangster and dangerous fascists,00:28:11
occasionally the general was invited to a meeting with00:28:13
American diplomats and British00:28:15
politicians,00:28:18
de Gaulle had to stubbornly and persistently00:28:20
prove to his allies that it was he who00:28:24
should lead the00:28:26
French government in exile,00:28:29
one day, in the heat of an argument with the00:28:31
British Foreign Secretary Anthony and00:28:34
this de Gaulle, hitting herself on the chest and00:28:36
said, “Jeanne d’arc” you can00:28:40
burn me at the stake00:28:41
like the British already burned Joan of “Arc”00:28:44
but you cannot force me to change00:28:47
my views in00:28:49
June 1943 in de Gaulle wrote to his wife and I ca00:28:55
n’t even imagine that Churchill didn’t like the atmosphere of lies and00:28:58
deceit that our00:29:01
wonderful allies and their00:29:03
dear friends here immersed me in00:29:12
we handed him over00:29:15
should Roosevelt not tolerate him he considered00:29:19
him00:29:20
prone to00:29:22
dictatorship00:29:23
such a Bonaparte he believed that he00:29:27
had absolutely no soil in France00:29:30
well such an upstart with Bonaparte00:29:34
ambitions00:29:36
Churchill from the good you know talk00:29:38
about00:29:40
tilde when he even has to choose between00:29:44
land we pray she will choose the sea and when00:29:47
I choose between you and the old00:29:50
Roosevelt sitting on the top version of the00:29:53
game I have prices you understand what de00:29:57
Gaulle said that you know the stagnation of the00:30:00
cover minister I am too Begisheva00:30:03
to bow my head00:30:05
in June00:30:07
1944 the allies did not00:30:10
warn de Gaulle and about the impending00:30:12
landing of troops in northern France and the00:30:16
military operation that had begun in Normandy,00:30:19
the general learned from the newspapers00:30:21
in August, with the support of resistance forces,00:30:25
Anglo-American troops liberated00:30:27
Paris00:30:30
only after that Charles de Gaulle,00:30:32
who was warmly supported by the partisans,00:30:35
was finally recognized as the leader of the00:30:37
French government and returned to00:30:40
his homeland00:30:42
int i could arrived at the airfield,00:30:46
these resistance fighters lined up,00:30:49
they were just happy to meet de00:30:51
Gaulle of his flesh and they thought that he00:30:54
would now somehow praise them for their00:30:56
action and so on, the commander of this detachment had00:30:59
a drink and hit the chest with a smile so00:31:03
radiant on his face he goes salutes you00:31:06
in pain and to the mountains the first thing he says is00:31:09
just a tub of cold water pouring out on this00:31:12
man and he looks at his stripes and00:31:16
says who is this who reproduced this in the00:31:20
majors00:31:22
major and produce and in general should have00:31:26
been from back was from now on only de Gaulle00:31:30
in November00:31:32
1944, Charles de Gaulle visited00:31:36
the USSR for the first time on an official visit,00:31:39
the general visited battle-torn00:31:42
Stalingrad00:31:45
in Moscow, he met three times with00:31:47
Stalin, who invited him to a ballet00:31:50
in the Bolshoi Theater in the00:31:53
Soviet capital, de Gaulle attended a00:31:55
Catholic mass in the Church of St.00:31:57
Louis and the first of the foreign leaders00:32:00
took a ride on the Moscow metro,00:32:03
the general presented the Order of the French00:32:05
Republic to the Soviet military and awarded00:32:09
the pilots of the legendary00:32:10
Normandy-Niemen squadron, which was00:32:13
formed on his initiative in00:32:15
1942 and fought the Germans on the00:32:19
Soviet-German front00:32:21
[music]00:32:24
in Moscow, Stalin and de Gaulle concluded00:32:26
mutual assistance agreement,00:32:28
the general always considered this agreement to be00:32:31
his great personal success.00:32:35
At the end of the negotiations, de Gaulle00:32:38
gave Stalin an old engraving from00:32:41
Versailles depicting the reception of Peter00:32:43
the Great by King Louis XV, a00:32:46
handmade table clock and00:32:50
6 bottles of cognac from the mid-19th century from the00:32:54
state collection of ancient00:32:55
French wines in response to Stalin. gave00:32:59
de Gaulle a Soviet combat aircraft Yak-3 and00:33:04
here it must be said that his main00:33:07
ideas were to return France to England to00:33:10
hold he still could not imagine that the00:33:14
Cold War would simply make the00:33:17
concept of a great00:33:19
power a concert of powers simply anachronistic,00:33:21
that there would be two superpowers and absolutely00:33:25
indisputable superiority who00:33:27
will lead the two camps00:33:30
after the end of the war in France,00:33:33
political parties were revived, a00:33:35
constituent assembly was elected where the00:33:39
socialists received the majority,00:33:42
de Gaulle took this as his own00:33:45
political defeat00:33:48
in January 1946, he told his00:33:52
ministers my mission is over because the00:33:55
regime of the predominance of political parties was revived again,00:33:58
I him I reject but00:34:02
I have no means to prevent this00:34:04
experiment except perhaps00:34:06
establishing a strong dictatorship, which I do00:34:09
not want and which would undoubtedly end00:34:11
badly so I need to leave in a letter to his son,00:34:16
de Gaulle explained that it is impossible to be00:34:18
simultaneously a man experienced by storms and a00:34:21
man of low political combinations,00:34:25
he created the image that France is not lost00:34:31
France is not a country where there is a leapfrog of00:34:34
prime ministers, this is a country where there is a00:34:37
strong government, strong powerful, it00:34:41
seems to me that this helped him a lot and00:34:43
then his00:34:45
willingness to give up everything00:34:49
if it contradicts his principles, he00:34:52
resigns in00:34:54
a few minutes, he gives up everything00:34:59
after his resignation, de Gaulle returned to his00:35:02
native Colombo during the war, his estate00:35:05
was destroyed and looted,00:35:08
the general had no savings, the00:35:11
new French government00:35:13
offered de Gaulle a colonel's pension00:35:15
since the rank of brigadier general00:35:17
was received by him in June 1940, they did00:35:21
not have time to00:35:22
receive such a pension, Dagar went lower00:35:25
self-esteem,00:35:27
having no money, the family of the former leader of00:35:30
France lived very modestly,00:35:32
they had to take out loans and sell00:35:35
family items,00:35:36
however, de Gaulle did not lose heart, he believed in the00:35:40
revival of his country, the00:35:43
general said in my imagination,00:35:47
France appears as a country that,00:35:51
like a fairy-tale princess or Madonna00:35:54
in ancient frescoes, is destined for an unusual00:35:58
fate, I think that France, devoid of00:36:01
greatness,00:36:02
ceases to be France,00:36:06
and this is exactly what the goal of his00:36:09
life and work was to00:36:12
find a common denominator00:36:14
for the French, whatever their00:36:18
social media, logical, religious,00:36:22
or simply interesting, such a common00:36:25
denominator for him was absolutely00:36:27
determined then there is freedom,00:36:30
independence and00:36:32
security of the nation, which for him was of00:36:35
the highest category compared to the00:36:38
political regime of the state and00:36:41
ideologists00:36:42
[music] in00:36:45
1958, General de Gaulle was elected00:36:48
president of France,00:36:50
under him a new constitution was adopted00:36:53
that strengthened presidential power00:36:57
de Gaulle spoke to the people without ambitions everything00:37:00
it’s like a projectile made of wood, having become the head of00:37:03
state, he traveled a lot around the world,00:37:05
the general tried to strengthen the authority of00:37:08
France and free his country, along00:37:10
with all of Europe, from the influence of the United00:37:13
States, and as de Gaulle believed, their satel00:37:15
is Great Britain00:37:17
[music]00:37:19
let’s pursue a very subtle and very00:37:21
cunning policy in Europe with one goal to00:37:25
promote French interests and00:37:28
return prestige to France through Europe00:37:31
so that it could participate on equal terms in the00:37:34
dialogue between two super grandees and therefore,00:37:36
by the way, did not allow continental Europe in, that00:37:38
is, the European economic00:37:41
communities will show de Gaulle to00:37:43
Great Britain there was no place there, he00:37:46
said it would be Trojan horse USA and he00:37:49
was right00:37:50
in the mid-fifties, an00:37:54
acute political crisis erupted in France, the00:37:57
largest French colony, Algeria,00:38:00
which France had owned since the beginning of the 19th century,00:38:04
rebelled against the mother country00:38:06
in the bloody Algerian war,00:38:09
55 thousand French were killed and, according to various estimates,00:38:12
from 300 thousand to one and a half million00:38:15
locals residents, the French military00:38:18
insisted that the colony should be00:38:20
preserved at all costs, de Gaulle took full00:38:23
responsibility for the Shor problem00:38:28
in00:38:29
1961, on the initiative of the general, Algeria00:38:33
was granted independence in those00:38:36
days, barely restraining his emotions, de Gaulle00:38:39
told his ministers00:38:41
you think it’s easy for me who00:38:46
was brought up in the spirit of holy veneration of our00:38:49
national flag of00:38:50
French Algeria to the French African00:38:54
army as the guarantor of the empire, you think for00:38:58
me this is not a test,00:39:00
you think I don’t worry when00:39:02
we have to fold00:39:05
our banners anywhere,00:39:08
approached, so to speak, to00:39:11
lead the country out of this test no00:39:14
less difficult than the Second World War,00:39:17
and he was able to propose and00:39:21
achieve such00:39:27
methods before colonization00:39:30
that justified itself, the00:39:34
liberation of Algeria enraged the00:39:36
French nationalists,00:39:38
they decided to kill de Gaulle and his00:39:41
supporters,00:39:43
terrorists planted bombs near the houses of00:39:45
famous Frenchmen who supported the00:39:48
general, the00:39:50
raids were announced a real hunt,00:39:53
he was shot at twice by a sniper, his car00:39:57
was fired at from machine guns and machine guns, and00:40:00
explosives were planted along the route of the presidential motorcade. de Gaulle was00:40:04
surprisingly calm about what was00:40:06
happening and never used an00:40:09
armored car;00:40:11
often he personally signed a pardon for the00:40:14
murderers sent to him about00:40:16
his opponents de Gaulle he said00:40:20
what they were doing was low, but the motives for00:40:23
the crime were not so low00:40:26
and there were 10 attempts on him, one was00:40:31
almost certainly successful because00:40:33
fire was opened on the car at the apartment which00:40:35
even Steve Steve warmly wounded his00:40:39
wife, to which he will say and pay he00:40:42
really achieved it Are you00:40:44
put on trial and rasters, so he saw in this00:40:49
an attempt on his life,00:40:52
she was the country that he basically00:40:57
freed from civilian life and00:41:00
becoming head of state, de Gaulle, as00:41:03
before, led a modest life, he00:41:06
never had his own apartment in Paris and00:41:09
for years presidency, he lived and worked in00:41:12
one of the offices or a rural palace, the00:41:15
general’s son Philip became a military man, and the00:41:18
eldest daughter Elizabeth married the00:41:21
future French general,00:41:24
four grandchildren ran away, the00:41:27
French president00:41:29
traditionally devoted his free time to family and writing00:41:32
memoirs, and00:41:35
his opponents and enemies were already pouring their last words on him It’s not that they00:41:39
just physically destroyed the engine, but00:41:42
they watered the dirt on the garden, I’m glad the press, he00:41:46
treated it with contempt;00:41:49
in fact, the peculiarity of this person00:41:52
was still a very deep00:41:56
believer in certain00:41:58
principles and values,00:42:01
but in Tula, in his environment, he also00:42:04
saw further this is what actually made him00:42:06
so general, somewhere one of the unique00:42:09
elite figures in the thousand-year history of the00:42:13
French state and nation00:42:16
in00:42:18
1968, Charles de Gaulle resigned00:42:22
two years later at the age of 79, he died00:42:27
on his estate from a ruptured aorta in00:42:30
his will he asked that On his last00:42:33
journey he was seen off without the music of a00:42:36
guard of honor and traditional military honors.00:42:39
Charles de Gaulle was buried in the00:42:42
Colombo cemetery. Well, when they gave him, he died, then the00:42:46
common wall, the whole of France mourned, everyone00:42:48
believed that this was the00:42:50
greatest Frenchman of the twentieth century, in00:42:53
any case, the president was equal to the shins00:42:56
USA Richard Nixon00:42:59
attended the funeral mission in00:43:01
memory of de Gaulle and once said de00:43:05
Gaulle does not need a monument00:43:08
because he himself is a monument00:43:10
and the creation of his hands FranceDescription:
Вожди народов. Шарль де Голль. Документальный фильм (2021) | History Lab. По заказу АО "ЦТВ". Производство: Студия Град (History Lab). © 2021 Цикл документальных фильмов «Вожди народов» расскажет о биографии великих политиков, которые по праву считаются творцами мировой истории ХХ века. Среди них – Франклин Рузвельт, Уинстон Черчилль, Шарль де Голль, Бенито Муссолини, Чан Кайши, Мао Цзэдун, Никита Хрущев, Леонид Брежнев и другие. Как эти люди оказались на вершине власти? Как формировались их политические взгляды? Какие их решения оказались спасительными, а какие – губительными? Об этом и многом другом расскажет цикл «Вожди народов». В фильмах использованы уникальные документы, фотографии и редкая архивная кинохроника. Хронометраж каждого фильма – 44 минуты. Цикл состоит из десяти серий. #деголль #вождинародов #история ___________________________________________________________ Подпишитесь на канал! Нажмите колокольчик! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClCTOKrNGBcXwVFFTENXAoQ History Lab – это уникальная кинохроника в HD качестве, документальные фильмы собственного производства, интервью с известными историками и многое другое. Мы работаем с крупнейшими архивами кинодокументов, сотрудничаем с всемирно известными научными организациями и хотим, чтобы история стала частью вашей жизни. © Все авторские права защищены. Копирование и использование любого материала возможно только с письменного разрешения правообладателя. ___________________________________________________________ Больше интересного видео смотрите в наших плейлистах: Вожди народов: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPkqLrkuxYMktzEecA4wPINl Вторая мировая война: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPkEe07BLfS1tBZu_Fq3G110 Цветная кинохроника Второй мировой войны: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPkPTN08wRTLI80RTv2c6ll- История России от А до Я с Николаем Борисовым: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPkgO2rR5ywYkhkpdtJVCS72 История России. ХХ век: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPmRUCSt9X3kMnyyg9BpMAmG 30 лет распада СССР. История в лицах: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPnHK0_FLtAy2uXUdLEqKaSG Исторические места: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPkE_ayEuNs65877OSm0LuS4 СССР. Империя наоборот: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPlIqfI6wOTO3Up4u2dHKXzk СССР в цвете: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPm0v0-5fOs0qmlnOY7O2L62 Русские тайны. ХХ век: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPnJXjJuDIXhsFyUPZcbzbZx Спасённые шедевры России: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPnui49V_K0k5lmdvkQYrqxo Китай глазами советских операторов: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPmCoAtlCHjI7-kFmBMGLsWO History Lab. Хроника [Footage HD 1080p]: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPklp3vMGN2Kthmj1aMyiTK History Lab. Интервью: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPkQUwrkPtYQ3lGGlsBqfgYT History Lab. Лекция: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPkS_v5LM0ZoQul6ezTduYHL Фильмы Алексея Денисова: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPklbVXSu6j_N6NNa1tjBbOm Телепередача Русский мир: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgctnI88vkPnznhgNJKf-uchOG9zXZvH5 ___________________________________________________________ Подписывайтесь на нас в социальных сетях: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/historylab.online/ VK: https://vk.com/historylab.online Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/History-Lab-107568283954269/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/lab_history Одноклассники: https://ok.ru/group/61091614949414 Telegram: https://t.me/historylab_onlinehttps://youtu.be/FXqwO1-OgXc
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