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Video tags
Subtitles
Russian
00:00:02
[Music]00:00:44
On July 27, 1890, a gunshot was heard00:00:48
near the French town of00:00:53
Overas It was the sound of suicide The00:00:56
last desperate act of a00:00:58
sick man His name was Vincent Mud Two00:01:02
days later a life of struggle came to an00:01:09
end when he died Vain was 37 years old and00:01:13
almost00:01:14
unknown. He had only sold one of00:01:17
his00:01:18
paintings. He had suffered loneliness,00:01:21
persecution and finally madness that00:01:23
led him to00:01:26
suicide. But his death also marked the00:01:29
beginning of the00:01:32
legend. It was only a short time before the00:01:34
genius of Bango was00:01:37
recognized at the beginning of the 20th century, her00:01:40
paintings were recognized as00:01:42
masterpieces and the00:01:44
sad story of her00:01:47
life was made known. The anecdote of how she cut off her00:01:50
own ear is among the most cited00:01:52
in the history of00:01:54
[Music]00:01:57
art but Vincent Van Go's life00:02:00
would not be so attractive if it were not for the00:02:02
quality of his00:02:03
art, all of which was generated in the few00:02:05
years prior to his00:02:08
disappearance. His works are00:02:10
now among the best-known images00:02:12
of Western art and their economic value00:02:14
reaches tens. of00:02:16
millions and that is just one way to00:02:18
measure the impressive achievements of00:02:20
Vincent fango fango00:02:23
bl van [ __ ] revolutionized the conceptions00:02:27
of art with his thick brush strokes and00:02:29
his spirals he00:02:37
used to paint to express00:02:39
pure emotions in a way that no one else did00:02:41
at the time and that It has not been achieved00:02:43
since00:02:48
then he was concerned about people and00:02:50
human beings the human condition in other00:02:53
words human emotion And that is something00:02:57
that somehow in the Renaissance00:02:59
was underestimated00:03:01
and to liberate as others had liberated00:03:03
color van Go also liberated color00:03:06
because it was an essential part of what he00:03:07
was doing but for example both00:03:10
Go and Sesan had also done it in00:03:13
different ways as mon yat and that is where00:03:17
the importance of bringing a00:03:18
new dimension in a violent way to00:03:21
the bases of the feeling of00:03:28
modern art comes. van Go was born on March 30,00:03:32
1853 in the Dutch town of Grot00:03:37
Sunder, he was the eldest son of a00:03:40
Protestant pastor, a quiet and00:03:42
introverted boy who enjoyed drawing00:03:44
the landscapes of his00:03:46
surroundings. At the age of 16, he began his00:03:50
artistic career not as an artist but as00:03:53
Apprentice to an art dealer00:04:01
Although he barely produced his own creations,00:04:03
the young Vincent's work brought him into00:04:06
contact with great00:04:09
works in the Netherlands. He admired the00:04:12
Dutch masters Rembrand and Hols. In00:04:16
London, he developed a taste for John00:04:23
Const and in Paris he became familiar with the00:04:26
work by Camille K and Franois00:04:28
M00:04:33
when he worked in London He fell in love with00:04:35
his landlady's daughter,00:04:38
her rejection traumatized him00:04:41
and Vincent was never able to have a00:04:45
stable relationship with a00:04:48
woman He also had problems at00:04:50
work in March00:04:52
1876 he was fired from the00:04:55
Paris branch of GUPS for having told his00:04:58
superiors what he thought of the00:05:01
art business. Over the next three years, Vang00:05:05
was a professor in00:05:08
England. He began a career in the00:05:10
priesthood and spent several months as an00:05:12
evangelist in the desolate mining region00:05:14
of Belgium. the00:05:17
borinage But this also ended in00:05:20
dismissal, it is said that he took the00:05:23
Christian message of Charity too00:05:25
seriously and his superiors did not have a good00:05:28
opinion of a preacher who dressed in00:05:30
rags after having donated his best00:05:35
clothes tried with all his might00:05:37
to follow in the footsteps of his father in00:05:39
religious life and with the00:05:42
missionary work he got so involved that00:05:44
he worried his superiors who came to00:05:46
think that he was more dangerous than00:05:48
useful. One of the reasons why00:05:50
his superiors got angry was because he00:05:52
got too involved. He got too involved. With00:05:54
people he gave them his money, his clothes and00:05:57
everything he had. In his family there were00:06:00
artists and he had shown that he had00:06:02
talent since he was00:06:04
little. His brother Teo was the00:06:06
driving influence that guided him and introduced him to the00:06:08
art of the00:06:11
Vinent era. He was 26 years old. and he had no00:06:15
occupation in the summer of 1879 he made the00:06:19
decision to be an artist the result00:06:22
would be00:06:28
impressive [Music] he was an artist But he00:06:31
rejected the idea Although later he fell ill00:06:34
and in his convalescence he began to follow00:06:39
Teo's advice he began to draw and paint there It was00:06:43
when he00:06:45
began to transfer his interest in the00:06:48
poor and stopped preaching to them to start00:06:50
painting and00:06:53
drawing for them that Van decided to dedicate himself00:06:56
to painting. There was still a long way to go00:06:58
before his00:07:00
most00:07:01
famous works arrived in 1879. Vincent had done little00:07:06
more than some drawings he knew. that he00:07:08
had a lot left to learn to become a00:07:10
professional. So he began to study00:07:13
textbooks on anatomy and00:07:14
perspective and copied the works of00:07:17
Mile, but he soon realized that00:07:20
isolated study was not enough. In00:07:23
October 1880, he moved to00:07:28
Brussels,00:07:30
where he attended. to classes at the00:07:32
art academy and became friends with a00:07:36
wealthy student Anton van00:07:39
Rappard began creating dark drawings00:07:42
inspired by his time in the borinage and00:07:45
managed to dedicate himself full-time to00:07:47
his studies thanks to the generous00:07:49
financial help of his00:07:53
brother Theo van Go was 6 years younger00:07:57
than Vincent and unlike his00:07:59
brother, he was happy in his job at00:08:01
[Music]00:08:04
Gils. When Vincent moved to00:08:06
Brussels, Teo began sending him money. It00:08:10
was an ongoing agreement documented in00:08:12
the letters the two00:08:16
brothers wrote to each other. They preserve hundreds of them and00:08:19
are vital documents for studying00:08:21
Vinen00:08:23
Vango. His letters to Teo were not limited to00:08:26
talking about topics such as00:08:28
money, they also revealed intricate00:08:31
details of his art and his creative00:08:34
[Music] philosophy.00:08:38
This is how we know the man, his00:08:41
hopes and his fears. his00:08:44
aspirations his disappointments and most00:08:47
importantly his deep concern for00:08:50
art and the00:08:53
human condition he was a seriously00:08:55
concerned person And not00:08:57
superficial of an00:09:00
intellectual and00:09:04
spiritual depth And I think that allows us to00:09:06
understand and contextualize the00:09:14
mythology allows us to understand his00:09:16
thoughts ideas and He00:09:19
wrote his beliefs to Teo,00:09:22
so he expressed himself very directly and00:09:24
sincerely, we have a lot of00:09:27
information about what he felt about00:09:28
painting.00:09:32
The only pauses in the00:09:34
correspondence between Teo and Vincent00:09:36
date from the periods in which00:09:38
they lived00:09:39
together in the spring. In 1881 they both00:09:43
met in the new family home in00:09:46
Eten but00:09:49
personal problems soon returned that summer Vincent00:09:52
fell in love with his cousin but found himself00:09:53
rejected00:09:55
again he was also losing his00:09:58
Christian faith a real problem in00:10:00
a pastor's house at the end of In00:10:03
1881, after an argument with his father, the00:10:06
nomad Vinen moved again, this00:10:09
time to the capital The00:10:12
Hague. There he made the strange decision to00:10:15
live with a homeless prostitute00:10:17
named Shan, whom he portrayed in a00:10:19
painting called00:10:22
Dolor. His sense of Christian Charity did00:10:24
not She had abandoned him but Vincent00:10:27
realized that the relationship00:10:28
was seriously affecting her.00:10:33
By her thirtieth birthday in00:10:36
March 1883, Vang already knew she had00:10:41
potential in the aa. She worked alongside the00:10:44
landscape painter Anton00:10:46
Mov and began working with00:10:51
oil paintings of women in a Forest is one of00:10:54
F's first paintings that already exhibits the00:10:56
thick brushstroke that would be the00:10:58
characteristic of his work in his00:11:02
maturity. The Weaver at the Loom is one of00:11:06
the many early mud works that00:11:08
represent peasants at work, it is a00:11:11
very different image from the In the00:11:12
painter's best-known works, we again see a00:11:16
dark palette and, unlike his00:11:18
last canvases, there is a sense of00:11:20
emotional involvement in the00:11:22
theme. When he finished this canvas in00:11:25
May 1884, he had abandoned00:11:29
the emotional excia00:11:32
and suddenly returned to his family who He00:11:35
had moved to the town of00:11:36
Deen. On occasion, Vang's parents became00:11:40
desperate with their eldest son. He was00:11:43
difficult and antisocial and ate his00:11:45
meals separately in the00:11:49
family home. His00:11:52
emotional difficulties also continued. In the summer of00:11:55
1884, a woman fell in love with the Strange00:11:58
Artist.00:12:00
This time it was Vincent, the one who rejected00:12:02
her, after which the unfortunate woman00:12:05
tried to00:12:08
commit suicide, the worst was to come in00:12:10
March00:12:11
1885 when Pastor Vango died. It was00:12:14
a great loss for the family, but00:12:17
Vincent's reaction was00:12:18
surprisingly cold in a letter to00:12:21
Ato. that the death of his father00:12:23
had simply prevented him from working00:12:25
for a few00:12:28
days, art was already everything for Vincent00:12:31
Van Go as he was creating what was00:12:33
his most ambitious Canvas to date00:12:36
the potato eaters00:12:37
[Music]00:12:39
was his reaction to the condition00:12:41
of the poor classes was almost like a00:12:46
10th century Ol Landes work with a theme based on the people00:12:49
like the painting of the early 19th century00:12:52
people like Corvette and Manet who were00:12:54
concerned with the contemporary and the00:12:56
ordinary and also the Barbisa school00:12:58
of Minet00:13:02
In fact, there are quite a few connections that00:13:04
can be seen between the work of the00:13:06
Barbisa school of Minetti Corod and others00:13:08
and those first works of van Gog, The00:13:13
Potato Eaters, but it is00:13:15
van Gook's personal interpretation and the reaction to the00:13:17
conditions in which it was created. found00:13:18
himself working on the00:13:20
borin mission is therefore about Bang Go It is00:13:25
about the potato eaters but I think00:13:27
above all it is about himself he00:13:34
was expressing his interest in the00:13:35
peasants the working class the00:13:38
less00:13:39
privileged and he tried to portray in the00:13:42
most realistic possible in the manner00:13:44
of the previous00:13:49
Dutch painters. So he used these00:13:51
somber and dark colors in part.00:13:54
Because they were the traditional colors00:13:56
of00:13:58
art because they showed the atmosphere of the00:14:01
houses of those00:14:05
peasants, he was trying to emphasize00:14:07
their situation and their00:14:11
poverty, the potato eaters. can be00:14:14
considered the culmination of00:14:16
vang's initial development as a painter00:14:18
But he knew he must go further00:14:21
expose himself to new influences new00:14:24
ideas new00:14:26
visions vie and would result in a00:14:30
masterful work and a00:14:32
tormented life in November 1885 V00:14:37
began to suspect that he was losing00:14:38
his During that month he left his family and00:14:41
Holland00:14:43
forever. In the following 56 months he created00:14:47
his00:14:48
legend. He came to the Belgian port of00:14:51
Antp to study at the00:14:54
art academy, but he also sought his own00:14:58
influences. It was and continues to be the place00:15:00
of origin of many works.00:15:02
Flemish painter Peter Paul Rubens van00:15:06
Gog was especially impressed00:15:08
by Rubens's bold use of color00:15:10
and we can see Rubens' influence in00:15:12
this portrait of a woman he painted Shortly00:15:15
after his arrival in00:15:17
[Music]00:15:19
Antwerp Vango's new enthusiasm for00:15:22
color was also inspired by a00:15:25
great artist of his own century in his00:15:27
letters Vincent described his fascination00:15:30
with a Frenchman whose theories on00:15:32
color deeply impressed him he was00:15:34
one of the00:15:36
greats of romanticism eugin00:15:39
[Music]00:15:42
DEA the 10th century produced all a series of00:15:45
theories about color, some were very00:15:48
abstract and academic and the truth is00:15:51
that they were derived from two00:15:54
currents, one of them was optical,00:15:57
referring to light, which part was00:15:59
applied to painting. And then it was known00:16:02
that croa and others and for example00:16:04
Seurat in practical terms implemented00:16:07
this divisional in new00:16:10
color theories or color exploration experiments00:16:12
in terms of painted color as00:16:15
opposed to00:16:20
light. Deaca's ideas about color00:16:23
were that there is no such thing as a00:16:25
solid color, an area, a surface. of color,00:16:28
different ranges of green are broken, for00:16:30
example if it is an expanse of grass or00:16:33
different blues if it is a00:16:35
blue fabric. He also had notions about00:16:38
complementary colors, reflections and00:16:42
so on. Color and painting were freed00:16:45
from the limitations of the past and we see00:16:48
this development again we have to see00:16:50
the works as we see the starry sky00:16:52
Or the cornfield where the00:16:54
overall impression of the cornfield or the00:16:56
starry night Was communicated through00:16:58
color and its physical application and the00:17:01
contrast of one color against another and the00:17:03
use of00:17:04
paint smudges - all of this was part of what00:17:07
van00:17:11
gog took - Delaa's color theories00:17:14
influenced Vango much more than what he00:17:16
learned at the00:17:18
Antwerp Academy - after one semester he failed his00:17:21
exams after discussing the obsolete00:17:24
content of the00:17:26
syllabus, but Vin had other things to00:17:29
think about. He had discovered00:17:34
Japanese art. I think what00:17:36
Bangok liked about Japanese art were the00:17:40
formal aspects. He also liked the accuracy00:17:43
of the lines and the attention to detail.00:17:45
According to00:17:47
him, there is a painting of his boats. on the00:17:50
beach which is a fantastic and very00:17:55
Japanese painting Not because of the theme but because of the00:17:57
style00:18:02
it uses diagonals limited areas of color00:18:05
Not necessarily because of a00:18:08
defined line one color is clearly00:18:10
differentiated from the other So it consists of00:18:12
different patches and the whole is very00:18:15
well unified In addition to the attention to00:18:18
detail it accurately delineates the00:18:21
ships in an incredibly00:18:26
decorative way And I think that I responded to the00:18:30
dec combined with the love for detail00:18:33
and a00:18:35
particularly00:18:39
tense overall composition that is why it reacted so much to00:18:45
Japanese art van Go remained passionate about00:18:49
Japanese art even after growing tired00:18:51
of his life in Antwerp in March00:18:57
1886 Parisian gups ursal where he00:19:00
worked belonged to his brother and announced00:19:03
that he was at the Luv waiting for him00:19:07
Vincent Van Go had traveled to Paris and00:19:10
it was there where He began his greatness as an00:19:14
artist despite the unexpectedness of his00:19:17
arrival. Vincent had written to his00:19:19
brother explaining his desire to go to the00:19:21
center of European artistic life.00:19:23
His plan was to study in the00:19:27
painter's inexpensive open-air studio00:19:31
after moving in with Teo. He began. to pursue00:19:33
his00:19:34
purpose but, just as in Antwerp,00:19:37
formal study did not00:19:41
inspire him. It was a memorable time for00:19:43
Parisian visual art, among other00:19:46
events. 1886 was the year of the eighth00:19:49
exhibition of the00:19:52
Impressionists. The revolutionary approach00:19:54
to color, light and technique, whose00:19:56
Pioneers They were, among others, van Go was00:20:00
beginning to be00:20:01
appreciated. He liked the00:20:04
impressionist practice of00:20:06
rapid painting in the open air. And soon he was00:20:09
seen working in the Monm area00:20:11
where he lived.00:20:14
When Bangok arrived in Paris in00:20:17
1886, he painted in the same way.00:20:21
traditional Dutch painting with dark colors and00:20:24
typical themes, still lifes and00:20:27
so on.00:20:31
During his two years in Paris, he met00:20:33
the Asur Impressionists and the00:20:39
Divisionists, his brushwork became free, his00:20:43
colors became clearer and brighter, and he00:20:45
began to paint more or less00:20:53
impressionistic landscapes. It was a total revelation00:20:55
for him. being among the impressionists and00:20:58
much of what they00:21:06
did, but the revolution of00:21:08
impressionism was taking a big step00:21:10
forward, the era of post-impressionism00:21:14
was already beginning with the work of00:21:15
painters like tulus lotrek se00:21:19
and ñ van gog, he knew them00:21:22
all, above all, he was a friend of shac and became00:21:26
very interested in his pun technique.00:21:30
This technique of which he was the00:21:32
pioneer and at the time already included the00:21:35
Great Impressionist Camil Pago among those00:21:37
who00:21:39
practiced it Pago also became friends00:21:42
with Vang and we can see the influence of00:21:45
pointillism in much of his work00:21:49
Parisian la00:21:51
rexora the rediscovery of color00:21:54
through color theories the00:21:57
application of painting00:21:59
How we see divisionism or pointillism00:22:01
as siac particularly for F gog00:22:04
but also shat as one of the00:22:06
greats that was where he began to speak00:22:09
the color in a00:22:11
particular way the way the eye00:22:14
perceives the color and it mixes in that00:22:16
space between the Canvas and the eye That was00:22:19
what00:22:24
mattered In my opinion basically00:22:27
pointillism refers to painting with00:22:30
dots and divisionalism is a00:22:32
theory of pointillism that consists,00:22:35
so to speak, in that instead of painting an00:22:37
orange area mixing with red and00:22:39
yellow on the palette, what is done is00:22:42
to put red and yellow dots00:22:44
intermixed so that the eye00:22:47
perceives it as orange on the00:22:54
intermediate space canvases like this still life from00:22:57
1887 vango's enthusiasm for00:23:00
pointillism but unlike his00:23:02
paid friend Vincent never let this00:23:05
technique dominate all his work he had00:23:09
too many sources and inspiration apart00:23:10
from this one in Paris he met Paul00:23:14
gogan a friendship that would end00:23:18
disastrously but in 1886 and 1887 van goog00:23:24
dedicated himself to learning from gogan the00:23:26
flat use of color itself,00:23:29
we can see it in his copies of00:23:31
Japanese engravings another passion that he00:23:33
maintained during his00:23:37
Parisian time in00:23:39
1887 Vincent was absorbing00:23:41
influences from an overwhelming number of00:23:43
sources but his personal life remained00:23:46
problematic he was melancholic and00:23:49
temperamental even with his fellow00:23:51
artists he drank a lot and his health began00:23:54
to00:23:55
suffer his beloved brother was also00:23:57
frustrated by living with00:23:59
such a problematic individual00:24:01
[Music]00:24:04
at the end of 1887 Vincent00:24:08
grew tired of Paris but his time in the00:24:10
French capital had been of vital00:24:12
importance for his00:24:14
art if we look at this00:24:17
potato eaters from00:24:18
1885 and compare it with this00:24:21
1887 portrait of the supplier per00:24:24
tangi. It is difficult to believe that both are00:24:27
by the same painter00:24:30
and the same happens when We see this00:24:32
self-portrait painted shortly after his00:24:34
arrival in00:24:37
Paris. If we travel two years in time00:24:40
we see that the artistic evolution is00:24:45
remarkable. We can see a00:24:48
fairly rapid change from very dark paintings to00:24:51
very00:24:53
strong paintings, but what changed was the use of00:24:56
color, I think. If there is something that00:24:59
he developed as a result of his Parisian period,00:25:01
it was color, it was as if he had suddenly00:25:04
realized that color was00:25:07
important, that color was in itself00:25:10
something through which one could00:25:12
communicate feelings, reactions and00:25:18
[Music ]00:25:21
impressions at the time when van00:25:24
painted himself in early00:25:26
1888 his two years in Paris had00:25:28
revolutionized his art but he still did not00:25:31
feel00:25:32
satisfied he was tired of living in the00:25:34
city and wanted to work somewhere00:25:36
warmer and brighter where He could00:25:39
paint all00:25:40
day His choice was the sunny region of00:25:44
Provence On February 20, 1888 He took00:25:48
a train in Paris and traveled00:25:54
south His destination was the city of Ag00:25:58
Provençal community where the genius00:26:00
of Vincent Van Go finally began to00:26:03
reveal itself With Teo's constant support,00:26:06
he managed to work without00:26:10
distractions. As soon as he arrived at Arle, he00:26:13
launched into a frenetic work schedule. He00:26:15
used to work 16 hours a day00:26:18
creating still life landscapes and00:26:23
portraits. His execution was fast but he00:26:26
was also precise and meticulous in00:26:27
detail00:26:29
by then. He had already developed his00:26:31
own artistic philosophy that equated00:26:33
the art of painting with the art of00:26:36
music and for Bango, color was what00:26:40
gave the key. In a letter to an atheist, he00:26:43
spoke to him about smudging and00:26:44
completely exaggerating the00:26:46
color. His pigments were bold and00:26:49
intense. but they also enjoyed a00:26:52
harmony in the Canvas as we can see in00:26:54
one of Agé's first works The00:26:56
Anglois Bridge with00:26:59
Flags uses a fairly00:27:01
limited palette in his paintings again with00:27:04
bright green and yellow colors, a00:27:07
quite unusual combination and applies00:27:10
the colors With great00:27:14
confidence we can realize00:27:16
the entire theme of color, appreciating the strength00:27:18
of these00:27:21
works, no one who goes to sit next to00:27:24
those rivers and contemplate the bridge would be00:27:26
able to guess that it was there that Van Gog00:27:28
sat down to paint this00:27:31
vegetation, the way in which the one who painted this00:27:34
bridge This is what the sky was like At that00:27:36
moment because the color has already00:27:38
deteriorated and the strength of the bridge is00:27:40
incredible and it is partly because of the drawing00:27:43
underneath that has a lot of strength and00:27:46
that is Vincent's reaction to the00:27:49
symbolism, in addition to being a00:27:52
personal reaction and that is important, is00:27:54
related to Japanese engravings00:27:56
due to their simplicity,00:27:58
which makes them very00:28:04
powerful works. When Bango finished the00:28:07
Anga bridge in March00:28:08
1888, he already had total confidence in his00:28:12
art, but his color management would become00:28:15
even more00:28:17
Bold a visit to the Mediterranean coast00:28:19
in Marie De la mer inspired this00:28:22
impressive watercolor upon her return00:28:25
[Music]00:28:27
ae00:28:28
is overwhelming and the image manages to create00:28:31
a00:28:34
unified whole a painting00:28:37
like this has never been seen and no It is surprising that Van00:28:40
could not sell his00:28:42
work, but in the summer of00:28:45
1888 he obtained a studio in an00:28:47
ag property and in September he rented00:28:49
the entire building. The so-called00:28:57
yellow house was a suitable man. Van Gogh00:29:01
was almost obsessed with the color00:29:02
yellow when he saw it. forced to00:29:05
ask Teo to buy him paint00:29:07
yellow was always first on the00:29:09
list for bang goog yellow had00:29:12
a spiritual and symbolic meaning and00:29:14
he used the color with abandon in his00:29:16
portraits in the sunny landscapes and in00:29:19
the00:29:20
still lifes these included one of the00:29:22
most famous and technically00:29:24
impressive works of his entire career the00:29:26
sunflowers of August00:29:31
188 Vincent wrote to Teo telling him00:29:33
that he was focusing on the sun and00:29:39
sunlight, we assume that this is why he00:29:42
was obsessed with yellow in00:29:43
all his ranges like those that appear in00:29:46
the sunflowers in the National00:29:48
gallery he loved such a00:29:53
vibrant color in the sunflowers that00:29:56
the00:29:58
sunflower series of which the best exponent00:30:00
is in the National gallery in00:30:02
London is a special example. It was against All The00:30:04
criteria of00:30:07
traditional painting is all yellow and yet00:30:10
we have something truly three-dimensional Or00:30:13
at least the created illusion of three00:30:16
dimensions Here there is no perspective there00:30:19
are no tricks of depth in the00:30:22
traditional sense it is the use of color and the00:30:24
variations of the tone of a color that is00:30:26
a kind of orange in addition to a00:30:29
linear quality and we return again to00:30:31
this00:30:33
drawing is not afraid to use a dark color00:30:36
an indication of a dark line to00:30:38
surround or separate and that gives00:30:41
depth I remember that for a long00:30:44
time I thought that they did not look like few00:30:45
sunflowers at all and then I00:30:48
realized that they are the flowers at the stage00:30:50
where they have run out of petals00:30:52
showing all the00:30:56
sunflower seeds ura of those seeds is very00:30:59
different from the texture of the pot that you00:31:01
can almost touch it It is colored00:31:04
with a nice shiny surface00:31:07
against a matte surface and then00:31:09
against the00:31:11
wall van created a series of studies of00:31:15
sunflowers and this version can00:31:17
currently be seen in the National00:31:19
gallery in London but it00:31:22
was originally hung on the wall of the00:31:24
painter who created it to decorate a00:31:27
communal studio of the00:31:30
yellow house this was the so-called colony00:31:32
of artists who came wanted to establish00:31:36
the southern studio and his first colleague00:31:39
from the colony was Paul00:31:43
gogan at that time gogan was00:31:46
working on the coast of Brittany and at00:31:48
first he resisted meeting with his00:31:50
great friend in the south but when the00:31:53
generous Teo agreed to pay him a00:31:55
pension in addition to his brother's,00:31:58
Vincent's professional colleague00:32:00
agreed to travel to agle van gog was00:32:05
[Music]00:32:06
ecstatic Vincent wanted to gather a00:32:09
few artists to cooperate Like00:32:11
the first Christians, according to00:32:14
him, he wanted anyone to come to00:32:18
Provence. Go was the only one00:32:21
interested. Both had a lot in common. They00:32:24
admired each other's work beforehand and00:32:27
could learn from00:32:30
Gogen. He placed Gogen in the position of the00:32:33
teacher or professor, which00:32:36
quite surprised Gogen. gogen who thought that van gog00:32:38
was a very strong artist although he00:32:41
was not a good00:32:42
painter van gog began to modify the00:32:46
physical form and color of his subjects00:32:48
to communicate00:32:52
ideas with this Canvas in front of the00:32:55
night cafe the intention of communicating a00:32:58
feeling of corruption and the life of the00:33:01
underworld in his own words expressing00:33:05
the terrible passions of humanity00:33:07
through red and00:33:09
green the night café can also be00:33:13
considered as part of the00:33:14
artist's desire to capture the00:33:16
Sublime nature of the night itself Shortly after00:33:20
Vincent created his first large Canvas of00:33:23
nocturnal exteriors on the café terrace According to00:33:28
legend van Go solved the00:33:31
lighting problem of night painting00:33:32
by wearing a hat Crowned by00:33:36
candles in September 1888 he created00:33:40
Starry Night an image whose00:33:42
spiritual meaning continues to permeate today in00:33:45
[Music]00:33:49
day this intense blue much more intense00:33:53
than00:33:54
reality therefore it is not real in the00:33:56
traditional sense00:33:58
dotted with these00:34:00
extremely bright dots of00:34:03
whitish yellow and those spirals of00:34:05
color it is not00:34:08
static it is a whole in motion and one00:34:11
feels that it is Vincent's reaction00:34:14
Faced with the night that is in constant00:34:23
motion, this Canvas from September00:34:26
1888 would be the last in vain to00:34:29
represent a00:34:30
starry night. But when he returned to00:34:33
this theme in June00:34:34
1889, the resulting work was00:34:37
surprisingly different, reflecting00:34:39
the traumatic events of the00:34:41
months that00:34:42
had passed by. Unfortunately, the winter00:34:45
of 1888 89 marked the beginning of the end00:34:49
for Vango, a time that would00:34:51
bring him madness, persecution and a00:34:54
legendary act of00:34:56
self-mutilation,00:34:58
and in the fall of 1888 everything seemed to be going well.00:35:02
Despite Bango's constant inability00:35:04
to sell a00:35:06
painting, he was anxious. by the arrival of00:35:09
gogan and the peace of mind of the artist is00:35:11
reflected in this painting of his00:35:14
room in vinen's room the00:35:18
artist said that he wanted to communicate a00:35:20
feeling of total calm of rest of the00:35:23
brain or00:35:26
imagination00:35:28
But everything went terribly wrong gogan00:35:33
arrived finally to ag in October 188800:35:36
and quickly settled in the00:35:38
yellow house the two began to work00:35:41
together as winter came00:35:43
for a time Vincent's dream of00:35:45
a successful communal art seemed about to00:35:47
come00:35:49
true his peasant sowing had00:35:52
clear influences of the extraordinary the00:35:54
vision behind Gogan's brother painting00:35:57
that he had taken with him to the00:36:00
south but the differences in personality00:36:02
were00:36:03
decisive in December 188800:36:07
the00:36:09
tragedy was felt the two men argued and00:36:12
came to the conclusion that Gogan00:36:14
had to leave the Great Plan of00:36:16
Vinen was failing and that maybe It was00:36:19
enough to make him lose his00:36:21
mind just before Christmas Van Gogh00:36:24
threatened Gogan with a knife Gogan00:36:28
escaped leaving his00:36:30
colleague adrift that night Vincent Van Go00:36:34
cut off a piece of his00:36:37
left ear what happened Exactly is not00:36:40
known with certainty, there are a series of00:36:43
theories, one of them I suppose there are two00:36:45
main ones is that his00:36:47
sexual relations were somewhat confusing and as a result00:36:50
of one of them he cut off his ear and00:36:52
sent it to a00:36:54
prostitute who I consider more00:36:56
logic is that it was the result of an00:36:58
argument with gogen and the failure of his00:37:01
colony plan again emphasized by00:37:03
the fact and dramatically underlined by00:37:05
the creation of his self-portrait with the00:37:09
bandaged ear the incident of the severed ear00:37:12
was a disaster for00:37:13
bango no both for the mutilation itself00:37:17
and for the fact that it marked the end of00:37:19
his relationship with00:37:20
Gogan and the end of his hopes of00:37:23
creating an00:37:25
artists' colony. He suffered from a mental disorder00:37:28
and suffered hallucinations during a brief00:37:30
stay in the00:37:31
hospital. His doctors blamed him. to00:37:34
overwork but Vincent00:37:36
ignored it. In a matter of days he returned00:37:39
home creating two emotional still lifes,00:37:41
one that showed his chair and a00:37:44
pipe and the other that represented the chair00:37:47
of his colleague00:37:48
[Music]00:37:50
gogan Although Vincent was still waiting for the00:37:53
return de gogan the idea of the00:37:56
artists' colony had failed and he00:38:02
knew it at the beginning of00:38:05
1889 an unknown dutch artist00:38:07
was alone in the south of00:38:10
france he did not make friends in00:38:13
agle the postman joseph gulang was one of00:38:17
the few people he knew but in00:38:19
the spring of00:38:20
1889, the friend he portrayed was00:38:23
transferred to another00:38:26
city,00:38:29
Vincent's life was falling00:38:32
apart. Although he continued working, the00:38:34
hallucinations00:38:36
persisted, he also suffered persecution00:38:38
from his neighbors, 80 of whom signed00:38:41
a petition demanding the00:38:43
madman's confinement with The one with whom00:38:45
Vincent lived had a00:38:48
mental disorder, a fact that00:38:50
he accepted in May 1889, he left Agé to00:38:54
enter the sanatorium of Sint Remy.00:39:00
There are several theories about00:39:02
Vincent's Mental Health at that time because he suffered from00:39:05
paranoia, but schizophrenia may00:39:07
have been another00:39:09
element. The doctor who treated him at that00:39:11
time thought that he was not eating00:39:14
correctly And that was00:39:16
probable, perhaps he had also consumed00:39:19
some poisonous substance from his painting,00:39:21
especially the00:39:22
white. It is probable and it is the most00:39:25
popular theory that he suffered from some type of00:39:28
epilepsy, there is a type of epilepsy. which00:39:30
consists of periods of perfect00:39:32
normality with others of great depression,00:39:34
paranoia and violence followed by00:39:37
periods of lethargy and again returning to00:39:42
normal. We may never00:39:44
know the exact nature of the00:39:46
mud disease. But he thought that00:39:48
as long as he was able to work he would00:39:49
continue. agreement So he insisted on00:39:52
continuing painting during his confinement in00:39:54
Saint00:39:56
Remy,00:39:58
the hallucinations and attacks00:40:00
continued to00:40:01
haunt him in his moments of00:40:03
lucidity, he found the will to create00:40:05
The Fabulous amount of 200 paintings in00:40:08
just 1200:40:11
months, its theme was necessarily the00:40:15
sanatorium, the environment. other patients00:40:20
and their tormented features but his art00:40:23
continued to00:40:26
evolve where he began to incorporate00:40:28
a new technical characteristic in his00:40:31
paintings. It was then that the famous00:40:34
spiral brushstroke technique00:40:36
began to be revealed in paintings such as the00:40:39
corn field of June00:40:42
1889. It is difficult not to Perceiving a00:40:45
feeling of tortured personal expression00:40:46
in images like this is a00:40:50
modern artistic concept that is perhaps00:40:52
best expressed when Vincent returned to the00:40:55
theme of the starry night,00:40:57
completed in June 1889. It is a painting00:41:01
typical of the00:41:04
20th century. It does not see the world as something static.00:41:07
which is appreciated so much in the00:41:09
corn field in which all the corn is00:41:11
spiraled and the clouds and00:41:14
all the starry night with the00:41:16
spiral colors and the different layers the00:41:19
lines of color are all00:41:21
one in one of his latest works by For00:41:24
example, the chapel in which we see the00:41:26
cam and surrounding the chapel on both00:41:29
sides, which in turn is in constant00:41:31
movement, he was restless and his00:41:34
restlessness was reflected. He moves away from the00:41:36
imprecision of words to00:41:38
express what is00:41:40
happening, precision is something which is00:41:42
much better expressed in00:41:45
musical terms there are pieces of music sections00:41:48
of works and types of music that00:41:51
more adequately and precisely reflect what00:41:53
was happening in the00:41:56
starry night no one created as00:41:58
intensely as van gog using paint00:42:01
as generously as he00:42:03
used it is something that shows a00:42:05
conception of painting as a medium,00:42:08
an idea that was also developed in the00:42:15
20th century, the expressionist movement, for00:42:18
example, demonstrated a deep desire to00:42:20
use the brushstroke and express00:42:23
emotions of00:42:24
varying intensity, wanting to free oneself from00:42:33
overwhelming feelings. van go in a letter to atheist00:42:36
stated that he was using00:42:38
exaggeration to be able to communicate his00:42:41
feelings and that he was also00:42:43
using wood engraving techniques.00:42:46
So it was a00:42:48
conscious separation from the type of painting to which he00:42:50
was00:42:52
accustomed, a very type of painting.00:42:54
successful in00:42:56
fact00:42:57
the great Heavens spiraling and as if in00:42:59
flames form a very00:43:03
intense picture The truth is that it communicates the00:43:06
energy that can sometimes be seen00:43:07
in the00:43:13
firmament shortly after ending the00:43:15
starry night it suffered another outbreak in00:43:17
sint Remy during the rest of00:43:21
1889 he endured outbreaks followed by periods00:43:23
of sanity where he came to paint images00:43:26
like this00:43:28
TR here we can see a man sunk00:43:31
under the weight of madness a man whose00:43:34
life had been a complete00:43:38
failure fortunately good00:43:41
news arrived in the early 1890s00:43:45
an article appeared praising the mud work00:43:48
that same month Teo informed his brother00:43:50
of the sale of his painting the red vineyard00:43:53
for the sum of 40000:43:56
francs. It00:43:57
was the only bango that was sold during00:44:00
the00:44:03
artist's lifetime but the Saint Remy sanatorium00:44:06
could do nothing for Vincent00:44:08
Increasingly lonely, the artist00:44:11
decided to leave00:44:13
Provence. In May 1890, he arrived in00:44:18
Overas, a town near Paris, under the00:44:21
supervision of Paul Ferdin Gash, a00:44:24
doctor who was also a friend of00:44:25
Vincent's old colleague.00:44:28
For a time, the move00:44:31
seemed to benefit him. such as the00:44:33
church of over revealed that the00:44:36
artist's work continued to evolve although00:44:39
this was not appreciated during the00:44:42
artist's lifetime. The portrait of doctor G00:44:45
offers us an emotional example of the latest00:44:47
mud works 100 years later it was00:44:50
sold for the sum of 30 million00:44:52
euros becoming the most00:44:55
expensive Canvas in history00:44:57
and it is not the only Fang Canvas that00:44:59
sold for tens of00:45:01
[Music]00:45:07
millions there is the artistic value on the one00:45:09
hand the historical value on the other and the00:45:12
value in a purely00:45:15
economic sense and art historians and00:45:18
arbiters of good taste have praised00:45:20
van Go. So if you are a00:45:23
collector you have to have a van00:45:25
gog if you put several of them together bidding00:45:28
for one of the paintings. It is normal for00:45:34
the potential to reach the sum of millions. The emotional aspect of00:45:37
Van Gog's work is perhaps what attracts00:45:39
all those buyers willing to00:45:41
spend those amounts of money in addition00:45:44
to00:45:47
fashion, but in our society where there are00:45:50
so many feelings that are not00:45:51
allowed or that are repressed, works of00:45:55
art that show some form so visible00:45:58
they can be00:46:01
liberating Perhaps the power of00:46:03
feelings has something to do with the00:46:05
fact that his works are so00:46:11
popular perhaps the ultimate tragedy00:46:14
for Vincent Van Go was the fact00:46:16
that he never knew the value00:46:18
his work would achieve. art in the00:46:22
future in July 189000:46:25
in the still unknown painter took a00:46:29
gun and shot himself two days00:46:33
later with Teo by his side00:46:36
he died after 37 years he finally achieved00:46:40
peace but there was still another tragedy00:46:44
months later Teo also died and he was00:46:47
buried next to the man he had so00:46:49
tirelessly supported in00:46:52
life Perhaps the best of all the00:46:55
post-impressionists vinc00:46:59
fango In my opinion he was a great00:47:02
artist he followed his own dictates his00:47:05
own intuition which is what00:47:07
an artist has to do and he followed it to the end00:47:12
final I believe that the splendor of the00:47:15
20th century has three roots in the figures of00:47:18
sesan gogen and van00:47:20
gok enthusiasm humanity00:47:24
concern for the human condition of00:47:25
van gog which led him to create some00:47:28
of his best works remained a00:47:31
constant in later movements00:47:33
such as00:47:36
[Music]00:47:55
expressionism00:47:58
[Music]00:48:09
[Applause]00:48:10
[Music]00:48:26
anDescription:
BM Imaginería Taller de Arte
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