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Галилео

Пушной

СТС

Galileo

наука

science

экономика

общество

добыча

цена на нефть

про нефть

нефть

что делают из нефти

продукты из нефти

economy

society

Extraction

Oil price

About oil

oil

What is made of oil

Oil products

petroleum

chemistry

energy

00:00:02

What is

00:00:04

oil oil - This is such a reptile that

00:00:08

collapsed from 140 to 40 dollars per

00:00:11

barrel And thereby undermined our entire

00:00:14

economy. By the way, many still do not

00:00:16

know what an oil barrel is. A barrel

00:00:18

is a barrel like those that in

00:00:20

villages are placed under the roofs of houses to

00:00:22

water flowed into them with a volume of 42 gallons. That

00:00:26

is, this is about 160 liters. This is how

00:00:30

oil is usually measured. But before you

00:00:34

measure it, you need to extract it. Correct

00:00:35

Correct. How interesting it is scooped up

00:00:38

or pumped out, or maybe it is

00:00:41

underground under pressure; it is

00:00:44

just stuck in the pipe in the right place place and the

00:00:47

oil dollars went

00:00:54

ah blonde The girl Masha, already familiar to us,

00:01:01

in one of the previous Galileo stories, she

00:01:04

persistently looked for a millionaire husband at

00:01:06

one of the ski

00:01:09

resorts. And the most surprising thing she found.

00:01:14

Now Masha has other problems. The barrel

00:01:17

collapsed again against the backdrop of negative data from

00:01:19

macroeconomic statistics and

00:01:22

complications. with the supply of oil from Nigeria

00:01:25

How is the disappearance of

00:01:27

all kinds of benefits connected to the media Masha does not understand

00:01:31

Until today The girl believed that

00:01:35

only oil tycoons are made from oil

00:01:38

Yes, what is this, where am I and where is the oil

00:01:41

by the way, do you know Masha what is in almost

00:01:44

all your bottles with creams and

00:01:47

shampoos there is a moisturizing

00:01:50

component propylene glycol, it extends the

00:01:53

shelf life of cosmetics and

00:01:56

is made from

00:01:58

petroleum products, there is no oil and creams Well,

00:02:02

okay anyway, I was going to go shopping

00:02:05

[music]

00:02:09

forgot to warn you, you

00:02:12

know gasoline It’s also made from

00:02:15

[music]

00:02:19

oil and Tsiferki then these are what

00:02:22

FCs mean - This is the octane number of gasoline,

00:02:28

they indicate how you can compress

00:02:31

the fuel-air

00:02:34

[music]

00:02:46

[music]

00:02:48

the number of fuel, the greater the specific

00:02:51

power of the engine you can

00:02:54

get, how is it interesting that they make

00:02:56

green gasoline from black oil, the

00:03:01

Latin name for oil, petroleum,

00:03:04

literally means oil

00:03:07

stone is the second most common

00:03:10

liquid on earth, the basis is hydrocarbons A. The

00:03:14

composition includes up to a thousand different

00:03:18

[music]

00:03:19

components. Let's fill a small vessel with

00:03:22

crude oil and hire it. Each of the

00:03:26

components of the oil

00:03:28

has no

00:03:30

on this feature and the

00:03:33

process of its

00:03:36

processing is built at temperatures from no to

00:03:40

180 ° the gasoline fractions begin to evaporate, the

00:03:43

condensate that dripped into the

00:03:46

adjacent vessel is not yet gasoline, but only

00:03:50

its base with an octane number of the order of

00:03:54

at the oil refinery,

00:03:59

high-octane gasoline is made from the gasoline fraction by reforming What

00:04:03

in English means

00:04:07

improvement in a large installation, they drive the

00:04:10

gasoline base heated to a

00:04:13

temperature at

00:04:17

300° in the center of the device there is a

00:04:20

catalyst. A platinum plate as a

00:04:23

result of a chemical reaction produces

00:04:25

gasoline with improved

00:04:28

characteristics

00:04:30

[music]

00:04:38

by the way, Masha, the rubber on the wheels of your

00:04:41

car is also a product of

00:04:44

oil refining and asphalt, too, in

00:04:47

the process of oil reform,

00:04:50

heavy residues are formed which are used for the

00:04:53

production of road bitumen and from where

00:04:57

As soon as this liquid appeared,

00:05:00

today there are two

00:05:02

hypotheses for the origin of oil:

00:05:05

organic and inorganic. According to the

00:05:08

organic theory, oil was formed in the

00:05:11

sedimentary rocks of the earth's crust where the

00:05:14

remains of animal and

00:05:16

plant organisms that inhabited the

00:05:19

ancient seas and oceans are located. In the process of their

00:05:22

decomposition, methane,

00:05:25

carbon dioxide, water and hydrocarbons are formed.

00:05:28

the hypothesis of the organic theory sounds like this: the

00:05:32

simplest hydrocarbons arose at

00:05:34

great depths in the magma of the earth and under the

00:05:38

influence of a pressure difference they

00:05:40

moved to the surface, simultaneously

00:05:43

reacting with hydrogen, oil was obtained,

00:05:48

by the way, in the middle of the 10th century, salicylic acid

00:05:53

was obtained from the phenol that is present in oil,

00:05:56

simply put,

00:05:58

Aspirin, which already for more than 100 years

00:06:01

it has been the most popular cure for

00:06:04

headaches and plastic is also a product of

00:06:07

oil refining. Well, if only they could extract their own

00:06:10

oil, what’s

00:06:12

the problem? oil extraction is a very

00:06:15

expensive type of work; each well

00:06:18

costs several

00:06:20

million dollars on average; therefore, before

00:06:22

installing a rocking chair, geologists

00:06:26

study

00:06:28

the area for months; they give oil workers are doing a good job,

00:06:32

most

00:06:35

hydrocarbon reserves are located at a depth of

00:06:38

800 to 5000 m, in order to get to them,

00:06:41

specialists build a drilling

00:06:44

rig and make wells to

00:06:48

reduce the cost of the oil production process, a

00:06:50

special method of cluster drilling was developed, with the

00:06:53

wells located in a

00:06:56

row not far from each other arithmetic

00:07:00

10 rockers will produce oil 10 times

00:07:03

more and 10 times

00:07:06

faster Well,

00:07:09

that's it, I need a relaxation break Sorry Masha,

00:07:13

but paraffin is also made from oil, by the way,

00:07:17

99% of modern aromas are synthesized

00:07:21

from petrochemical products

00:07:25

[music]

00:07:28

that

00:07:30

bits, the principle of operation of the installation

00:07:33

resembles an ordinary drill, a drill bit

00:07:36

is attached to drilling column, a system of

00:07:39

steel pipes. They serve as a frame for the

00:07:46

well. 10th century technologies allow you to

00:07:50

look into the well and see how oil flows out of you. You

00:08:01

see these bubbles; this is

00:08:07

oil after the well is drilled.

00:08:11

Oil workers put a pumping machine on top;

00:08:14

in fact, the rocking chair is the drive of a pump

00:08:18

located at the bottom wells, this

00:08:21

design, in principle of operation, is very

00:08:23

similar to a bicycle hand pump,

00:08:26

which converts the excitation into an

00:08:30

air flow, pressure is created inside the

00:08:33

well and oil is forced to the

00:08:37

surface. Black gold enters

00:08:40

temporary

00:08:43

storage facilities, and from them, through a pipeline, to

00:08:47

oil

00:08:49

refineries, during yesterday’s trading session, the price of

00:08:52

oil rose by 40

00:08:55

[music]

00:08:58

dollars

00:09:01

[music]

00:09:03

Yes Oil is a thing not like some kind of

00:09:10

[music]

00:09:15

gas, many are surprised, they say from

00:09:18

oil you can make rubber and plastic

00:09:22

and gasoline and fuel And fuel oil how can all this be

00:09:26

made from oil alone,

00:09:28

friends I understand everything is very simple, you take

00:09:30

oil, sell it, then take money and

00:09:33

with this money you buy whatever you want

00:09:35

very

00:09:37

easily

Description:

№395 from 10.07.2009 # Galileo How are we doing with the barrel? Growing, or not? What products and products made from petroleum? Addresses the problems of the oil industry! So as soon as we are able - glamorous and informative! story editor Dmitry Samorodov Author: Catherine Godlevskaya Director: Anna Antonova TV program "Galileo" appeared on STS channel on March 26, 2007. Genre saynsteynment (sciencetainment) - Research and entertaining, informative and entertaining - easy flow of knowledge through humor, examples, experiences, experiments, tops, life hacking, DIY, analysis Fake and myths. This video encyclopaedia of knowledge on any topic. Presenter Aleksandr Pushnoy - a physicist, a musician, showman. Program 7 appearances in finals Prize "Taffy".

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