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Download "Галилео. Горячая вода (часть 2)"

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галилео
Galileo
СТС
Пушной
наука
science
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00:00:00
red summer I would love you when there was no
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dust, no heat, no mosquitoes and yes flies,
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Sergeich Pushkin wrote this a long time ago, if
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he lived now, he would definitely have added
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mosquitoes and flies,
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these utilities are already without
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rhyme, of course, but still on topic I would like
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to add words that he also knew because it’s
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incomprehensibly hot, people are sweating,
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they all turn off the hot water, we had
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prophylaxis, what kind of prophylaxis, that you can’t
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make prophylaxis twice as long
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and then not turn off the water for two years, and what is
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needed every year? I lost my hand
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on this topic, in short, we decided
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to find out this question: who
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is turning off the water for us and why and sent our
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best killer correspondents
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to make a story about it, look
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why I’m doing this, think man
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option 1, the heat station decided to cheat, the
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water will be turned off and the money will be counted
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no man, you are wrong, to be
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convinced of this, just look into the basement
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of your house through these pipes, water
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flows into the apartments, how much the house
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consumes, the general house meter counts, it is
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impossible to wind it up, the
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flow of water passes and turns the impeller
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connected to the magnet
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from the outside, 2 magnets spin and rotate the
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gear system,
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and the dial shows the quantities of
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water passed through
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now and the meter is not moving,
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which means the water is not flowing and you won’t have to pay
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[music]
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version number two,
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maybe the water is poorly purified and it’s
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clogging the pipes
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no man, you’re wrong again
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[music]
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at the treatment plant the water passes through
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filters at the bottom of a one
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and a half meter tank a layer of sand and coal,
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it retains all unnecessary impurities and
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passes water
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like in ordinary household filters,
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then the water is sent to membrane
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filters;
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these are many thin tubes through which
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even the smallest dirt will not slip through,
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then option number three saves, because
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if you turn off the water for the entire population of
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the planet at least for one day it’s
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scary to imagine how much water will be
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saved
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no man this is the wrong answer the
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amount of water on earth is invariably
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not no which can be pumped out to a drop q the
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water evaporates and returns in the form of
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rain less and and does not become
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then option number four is a conspiracy and
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they deliberately spoil pipes for a man
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this time you are right as right, why
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deliberately spoil the pipes and then swallow and
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all summer it turns out there is a reason to
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do just that and this is not a
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conspiracy at all, how does this happen? valves
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shut off the water supply in a
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huge area,
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then turn on the pump that pumps
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water into the pipes when the operating
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pressure is several times higher,
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after some time the instruments record a
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drop in pressure,
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this means that on a selected section of
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the pipeline there has been a rupture somewhere,
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why is this necessary?
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Let's look at the example of
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bicycle tubes.
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it will give out air bubbles
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with the pipeline, almost the same story,
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somewhere on the site there is definitely a
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section of oil tank that can
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break through, for example in winter when it is
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difficult to live without hot water,
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besides, the soil will freeze so much that it
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will be very difficult to dig it, which is why in
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the summer they go to deliberate a
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breakthrough in the section, but how can we now find the
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leak, because it is underground, to find the
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leak you will need an acoustic
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leak detector, these two sensors need to be
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installed on pipe section 1 at one
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end of the second at the other so that the place of the
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suspected leak is between
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them, the sensors fix and transmit an
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acoustic signal, turn on the sensor and the
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leak detector this signal processes and
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provides information at what distance the
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sensors need to dig, the exact location is
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determined using a locator and a
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measuring wheel, the
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ultrasonic locator sees where
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the pipe is laid underground and the wheel
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determines the required distance, the
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area is fenced off for passers-by and onlookers,
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this is no place for you, wait, but if a
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pipe bursts here, then where did the water go,
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why does it
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end up underground around the branch? pipes with hot
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water are laid at an angle and
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are located in a concrete gutter; as
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soon as the water breaks through the pipe, the
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nearest well flows out through the gutter; these wells are
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covered with hatches with letters, etc. what
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does the heating network mean,
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by the way, this hatch
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[music]
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let's check
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[music]
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but all the water from
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the well needs to be pumped out using a
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submersible pump
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and we can start digging
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asphalt here, excuse me by the
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way, if the pipes were completely renewed,
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they would only
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turn off the water in weak areas not for two weeks, it’s
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six months
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[music]
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but here it is, a broken pipe, a
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damaged piece, workers cut it out with a
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gas cutter,
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oxygen is supplied through one hose, and in another way, acetylene
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gas burns and a cutting flame is formed
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that easily copes with steel
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by the way, pipes, although the rest are too
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strong water friction and the walls also
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wear out,
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so they also require an annual
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check
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[music]
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but now steel pipes are gradually
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being replaced with
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polyurethane foam; they are much stronger than
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their steel predecessors and the
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friction force in them is less, so soon the water
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will no longer be turned off at all
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[music]
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and we just have to weld a new one
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this time the pipe is already using electric welding,
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so if you are asked why they turn off
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the water in the summer, the answer is the following: at this time,
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workers pump water into the pipes under
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pressure so that the pipeline
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ruptures somewhere, this will be the weakest and
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potentially dangerous section of the pipe, they
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find it and change the weak link
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by the way man, they have already given you hot water,
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the water has begun, the open is over, but there was
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no need to worry so much,
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but in India it is so hot that,
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on the contrary, they don’t insulate warm pipes,
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but insulate cold pipes, or rather, they don’t even
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insulate, but insulate the heat so that the water does
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not heat up inside these understand the pipes
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and let the hot water flow, it won’t
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cool down anyway, by the way, interestingly in India, they
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probably turn off the cold water in the summer
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[applause]

Description:

№770 от 17.06.2011 Для чего летом коммунальные службы отключают подачу горячей воды? Зачем на теплостанции специально повышают давление в трубах, чтобы добиться прорыва труб? Как, под землей, находят места прорыва трубы? Редактор: Артур Тарасенко

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