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00:00:11
Hello my dears, hello my dears00:00:14
cool viewers so now a little sound00:00:17
I'll chop it off00:00:18
So00:00:21
bee bee bee bee bee bee bee bee00:00:25
so it’s me and what’s not, I opened it like this00:00:30
hello friends, we're here today00:00:32
this is a very important day with you this long ago00:00:35
waited, many of you didn’t pass at all00:00:38
quantum physics or optics or I dirk00:00:40
or all of this combined00:00:42
many of you left for later and such00:00:45
[ __ ] it maybe someday00:00:47
I’ll learn and now there’s almost no time00:00:49
the last thing left is hours00:00:53
last moment when you can00:00:56
go through this topic00:00:57
yes, that is, those who did not study at00:01:01
in my courses this is the only chance00:01:04
obtain adequate information on optics00:01:07
in a quantum duel for free and finish off00:01:10
everything you need to know00:01:13
So today we will go through optics00:01:19
geometric and wave00:01:22
today we will go through quantum00:01:24
physics and nuclear physics00:01:27
means quantum nuclear my bend00:01:30
my forecast my forecast00:01:33
a good one will be on number twenty-six00:01:35
more likely00:01:36
geometric wave optics rather00:01:39
everything will be in the twenty-ninth, but somehow00:01:40
no one says they can't exist00:01:42
there let's say twenty-fourth and there00:01:46
maybe at 29 there will be magnetism in general00:01:48
something else but most likely still00:01:51
it will be the same as on early cooking00:01:54
need this option therefore this option00:01:56
Today's analysis is very important, it will give00:01:59
you have a lot of secondary points, that is, there are 5 here00:02:02
points for five points we are at least with00:02:03
you bonuses so00:02:06
yes such things00:02:09
means guys pdf here they ask pdf tele00:02:13
pdf where to get pdf oh let me be creative00:02:18
I'll draw f00:02:22
pdf can be taken from00:02:27
my cart means now I'll give it to you00:02:31
link00:02:33
it means here in my cart you see00:02:37
let me bring it closer00:02:39
you saw better00:02:43
in general, in my cart and go to qr00:02:46
code you can download the gravy00:02:49
today's lesson00:02:50
tasks that will be done today00:02:52
lesson this webinar00:02:56
compiled according to a similar task00:02:59
which I had in00:03:02
Last year00:03:03
but with the only exception that here00:03:07
other numbers other numbers so you00:03:11
you can watch today's webinar and00:03:14
work through the tasks from last year’s webinar00:03:18
in optics there are also 55 tasks like00:03:22
today we will sort it out so00:03:25
everything will be cool00:03:33
I'm becoming so predictable00:03:36
lately so guys a few words who00:03:39
who doesn't know me damn it's a little awkward00:03:43
that the person we are changing doesn’t know to think00:03:47
that I'm so vulgar and00:03:50
[music]00:03:52
all the time in the forest list I will put00:03:56
I put censorship so that they don’t think00:03:59
bad00:04:01
All00:04:03
Now00:04:05
censorship more acceptable00:04:09
So my name is Sanya Zolotukhin I passed00:04:12
my maximum exam score in mathematics00:04:15
and physics 100 points twenty-first year00:04:17
I dragged it onto a hundred and released it into00:04:20
17 swimsuits for the twenty-first year00:04:22
graduated from the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics at Moscow State University00:04:24
2009 that is, I am not my angel00:04:28
competitors, one might say, taught them physics00:04:31
and mathematicians in due time since 200600:04:34
I work as a teacher00:04:37
I also have all sorts of my creative00:04:40
activity00:04:42
I wrote it down with your fit technique here00:04:46
the track is regional but of course this is a hint00:04:48
for the 30th task of the north community this is00:04:51
I didn’t buy it at all00:04:54
teeth transposh etrex for00:04:59
glasses wholesale drugs why not00:05:03
why clan themes are classic theme in00:05:06
rap of the undisclosed song here you can00:05:08
check out listen also means00:05:11
I got a 50k track released the other day00:05:13
which I00:05:15
I tell you what a difficult path it was for me00:05:18
in order to reach the top in00:05:21
teaching physics well become popular00:05:24
teacher here00:05:26
in which I wish good luck to all my00:05:29
colleagues who also work on this00:05:32
field I also have my serious00:05:35
group 500 tickets which I am not00:05:38
there's a park that doesn't hurt everyone00:05:40
[ __ ] up and all that, but really the songs00:05:43
which is like the soul of the whole heart00:05:45
you can listen to the non-profit project00:05:47
on itunes here it’s everywhere in general00:05:51
I express myself00:05:54
metal band to laugh00:05:56
we have several constant bars there00:05:58
songs there are three songs you do00:06:01
ok it's all clear night let me00:06:04
I'll show you today's lesson plan00:06:07
Sanya who said this to all the fish00:06:10
community when this track got hyped00:06:12
here on rap.ru it’s scattered everywhere and00:06:16
anyway, what is this, what is this [ __ ]00:06:19
not like the old container is yours00:06:22
the technique was previously a group full00:06:24
container00:06:26
all these extra drug addict threads, what's where00:06:30
where is your favorite text about drugs?00:06:35
in general look look at this plan00:06:38
it's approximate it's based on last year's00:06:41
six-hour webinar, well, as you can see00:06:44
he wasn't 6 o'clock00:06:47
630 hour so look what00:06:51
the topic is relevant to you although in reality00:06:53
guys even if you think that I am god00:06:56
optics I am the master of these topics then00:07:00
look anyway, even here is the theory I00:07:02
I’ll explain it to you now at the very beginning or00:07:05
there will probably be some for lenses00:07:07
something you didn't know, let's say00:07:09
tricky question, you know how00:07:14
the beam will behave00:07:17
if it's in the focal plane00:07:19
there is a passage and here is the exact source00:07:24
is how he will behave00:07:26
after passing the lens if you don’t know00:07:30
then I watched to the end as they say and00:07:33
completely rain in any topic I will find you00:07:36
problem areas00:07:38
So here's geometric optics first00:07:42
refraction of light then all sorts of lenses00:07:45
optical instruments at 14:40 with us00:07:49
wave optics will begin00:07:51
Then00:07:54
quantum physics in 1545 then we will discuss00:07:58
light pressure is a topic that00:08:01
for some reason they are missing out, they haven’t forgotten about the light and00:08:05
about and and pressure00:08:07
therefore, we will continue to discuss nuclear00:08:10
physics in general throughout the body topic00:08:13
we'll go over everything you need to know and discuss it00:08:16
So00:08:18
that means today's stream too00:08:21
naturally we have it for a reason00:08:23
sponsor sponsor these are my courses that I00:08:26
unfortunately I have other sponsors00:08:29
no, despite the fact that I advertise00:08:32
constantly at the cash register and all sorts of crap, that's me00:08:34
I read my humble destiny00:08:37
our intensive starts on May 25th at which00:08:42
we will go through this for eight days00:08:45
the first day is dedicated to each section00:08:48
mechanics the second day also mechanics00:08:50
third day im k-t 4 electric 500:08:54
magnetism very all all all00:08:56
Let's go through all the sections in detail if00:08:58
want to show yourself as the best crucian00:09:00
be sure to sign up for the exam00:09:03
for intensive and if you00:09:07
tenth grader if you are in 10th grade then00:09:11
you have a unique opportunity to groove and00:09:13
again at the link in the description00:09:15
sign up for the next list bonita 2023 for00:09:19
no this is my main annual course which00:09:22
shows the highest results on00:09:24
in which students simply know everything00:09:27
It’s only possible to know at the end of the year00:09:30
Most physicists are starting to fumble00:09:33
cases cooler than their teachers00:09:35
school teacher limited00:09:38
time limited by topics limited00:09:40
stupidity00:09:42
and general ignorance of what surrounds him00:09:45
but the students who come to him are not there00:09:48
they are not limited by anything they get00:09:49
sea of information and00:09:52
at the end of the year the Sharif is really cooler than the school ones00:09:54
teachers because of which they are brought to tears00:09:57
but what can you do what can you do if you00:10:00
handsome you know better than anyone00:10:03
you will also get into intensive summer training in00:10:07
summer school00:10:09
you will receive records of the annual course and a bath00:10:11
2022 summer free in general00:10:14
take care of your preparation now00:10:16
so that you can enjoy what you are doing later00:10:19
lowest price00:10:21
that means the price is now about intensive00:10:24
if you return the cost of the intensive course here00:10:26
such 1190 test 1990 complex and that's it00:10:31
It's better to take everything together because00:10:33
even if you really think you're handsome00:10:36
test part you'll be wrong there00:10:39
three mistakes in the dough you are reading this one00:10:42
didn't make it complicated, [ __ ] it, it's better to live00:10:44
work through the test properly and00:10:46
complex also underwater00:10:50
follow the first link in the description00:10:51
write metal words00:10:54
so and also with my partners, here with Eric00:10:59
already why are you calling me Yarik already00:11:01
went down intensive00:11:04
already all these first day to 1 day00:11:07
intense already the most powerful intense filled00:11:10
for now I missed it a little later00:11:13
Artyoma computer science will be shorter for everyone00:11:15
Oksana will speak extremely Russian00:11:17
I recommend it’s going well with us in general00:11:20
which subject you take and go00:11:24
my dear and so00:11:27
as usual00:11:29
as usual00:11:32
that means we need00:11:36
the sky is in the cart00:11:41
sky no00:11:43
cart00:11:44
pdf can be found on yabla no but00:11:50
It's already Yarik's second day, excuse me for something00:11:53
mixed up00:11:56
[music]00:12:00
to yabla no00:12:07
What end is sticking out to you?00:12:11
I don't understand it, it's gone, you say00:12:14
so guys we need to come up with something00:12:17
will come up with something00:12:19
what to do00:12:22
what to do if we dial some00:12:25
number of likes00:12:27
So00:12:30
to do00:12:32
let's think00:12:37
I don't really want to00:12:41
it turned into some kind of trash00:12:44
stream00:12:47
but I have an electric machine00:12:57
which accumulates a static charge00:12:59
[music]00:13:11
what kind of lightning I'm starting to pass through00:13:21
it's a pity Oleg is not here now00:13:29
okay let's really00:13:34
if this stream00:13:39
if this stream gets enough00:13:43
give me a thousand likes I don't even though I really00:13:45
I want to beat myself00:13:47
but 1000 likes me00:13:52
I'll charge myself with vigor00:14:00
I charge myself and how it feels like Duracell00:14:04
like the hare from the duracell commercial so everything00:14:09
remembered and00:14:11
Then00:14:13
begin00:14:19
hit00:14:27
after 1000 every three likes recharge00:14:35
when the price for the annual price rate is known00:14:38
for the annual course we announce at the beginning00:14:40
July00:14:42
yes guys so if you are not a sadist then don’t00:14:46
please like if you are kind00:14:49
Human00:14:50
Yes, I'm kidding, give it to me for fun00:14:54
I've already unclenched me once00:14:58
live00:15:02
That's when I was shaken quite a bit00:15:05
sword this time I'll feel sorry for myself00:15:07
I'm sorry00:15:21
the coil will date like or the capacitor00:15:25
ok guys let's get started00:15:28
It's been a bit too long already00:15:30
I'm behind schedule00:15:31
Let's00:15:33
let's discuss the very basics in general there is there00:15:37
point light source what happens in00:15:40
geometric optics geometric00:15:43
optics, rays propagate in a straight line and00:15:46
where the rays hit we have light00:15:50
there's a better place than this00:15:54
here are the illuminated places00:15:56
there's a better place where we don't get shadows00:16:00
with this I think you all know with this you00:16:03
everyone is familiar but if we have a big one00:16:06
the source here it shines in all directions and00:16:10
this is some kind of obstacle we have with you at night00:16:14
so let's make it smaller, that is, there is space in00:16:17
of which not a single piece falls00:16:19
there are places where not all rays00:16:21
they end up here, that is, these ones00:16:23
get hit get hit get hit00:16:28
this is where everyone ends up and this is where00:16:31
not everyone ends up here and these are the ones here00:16:34
places it will be partial shade, that is, right here00:16:37
penumbra and00:16:39
here receiving and here at this point at this00:16:43
all the splinters are already starting to hit the point and00:16:46
it's just a bright, illuminated place00:16:50
and this is the shadow when you have extended00:16:53
sources this happens too00:16:57
So00:17:01
further00:17:03
then guys, let's get on with it00:17:05
solve and also00:17:07
straight mirror mirror image00:17:10
is at the same distance00:17:13
from which an object is removed from it00:17:15
mirrors okay now we'll discuss00:17:17
oh almost00:17:21
erased the pier00:17:24
So00:17:26
what else does that mean00:17:28
that the angle of incidence is also equal to the angle00:17:32
reflections here the beam falls00:17:35
the angle of incidence is measured with the normal to00:17:37
surface, here the beam is reflected along the same00:17:40
the very corner is the law of reflection00:17:45
so where in and d is the angle between the incidence and00:17:50
The angle of reflection is not called00:17:53
the angle between the vectors and the angle between00:17:56
with these rays00:17:59
which contradicts mathematics a little but00:18:03
what can you do if it's like this00:18:05
formulation by ours and00:18:08
ok let's solve the problem in general00:18:11
little by little00:18:15
opaque circle illuminated by a dot00:18:17
light source and casts a round00:18:19
shadow on the screen determine the diameter of the circle00:18:22
if the diameter of the shadow is 0 3 meters here we have00:18:26
let's have a flat drawing, here's the shadow we have 000:18:31
3 meters00:18:33
distance from the light source to the circle in00:18:38
three times less than the distance from00:18:40
source to the screen that is00:18:44
this is this this is this distance b00:18:49
from now00:18:52
distance from light source to circle00:18:56
h&b and distance from source to screen00:19:02
3b night it turns out that these are 200:19:06
triangles, let me show you like this00:19:08
this triangle and this one00:19:10
triangle they are similar and00:19:13
their base x applies to 033 the same way00:19:17
how are their heights also like trip sorry b00:19:21
refers to 3b in similar triangles00:19:24
this is how it turns out x is equal to 0 3 divided by00:19:29
3 that is 0 1 meter00:19:32
answer give meters in general00:19:36
circle diameter00:19:38
we will find with you00:19:48
go ahead00:19:53
focus on the board before00:19:59
right now00:20:04
ok now I want to be seen00:20:07
And00:20:13
when this approximation appears yes00:20:20
All00:20:22
now the norm00:20:33
my friend paint00:20:37
caught my eye00:20:46
some water00:21:05
damn you could see every pimple on it00:21:08
The figure on the left shows two flat00:21:10
mirrors z1 g2 and beam horizontally00:21:13
falling on the mirror mirror 200:21:15
rotated relative to horizontal00:21:17
axis passing through point o at an angle of 1500:21:20
degrees what is the angle between the rays?00:21:22
reflected from mirror 1 and from mirror 200:21:32
let's think about what the angle is00:21:41
reflect here the beam falls00:21:44
here we have00:21:48
in general it just falls further here00:21:52
And00:21:54
we have00:21:59
we turn it 15 degrees00:22:06
15 degrees means00:22:10
the normal also turned 15 degrees, wait00:22:13
here too it turns out to be 1500:22:18
[music]00:22:20
Well, it's easy to prove because00:22:23
this 90 this then 75 and then I have to00:22:27
be 15 so that there is a straight angle and00:22:31
here at an angle the law is also 15 degrees00:22:35
reflections it is then reflected, that is00:22:37
our beam goes like this now that we00:22:40
turned with you and we are asked to find00:22:44
angle between00:22:48
rays reflected from mirror 1 that is00:22:52
with this ray and00:22:56
from mirror 200:23:01
mirror 2 reflected well that's it00:23:04
yes it turns out in response we write with you00:23:06
this angle is 30 degrees00:23:08
I hope everyone got it00:23:12
Sanya how often for a task from afar00:23:15
East coincides with Moscow 0 times00:23:18
this has never happened and will never happen in this00:23:21
year so don’t look at the Far East00:23:24
in physics 0 1 from there how many exams I have00:23:31
no matter how much I prepare the book 200900:23:34
not a single task matched once00:23:43
to the center of the top edge of the transparent cube00:23:47
A ray of light falls at an angle of 60 degrees00:23:52
the refracted ray hits the top of the cube00:23:55
and define show refraction00:23:57
the material from which I prepare the cube means00:24:00
look here00:24:02
let me make a 3D drawing here00:24:05
us cube and00:24:12
it means a beam is falling, let's have a beam00:24:16
draw blue like mine here00:24:19
it falls at some angle alpha and00:24:22
then it hits and is already refracted under00:24:26
at some angle beta and00:24:29
gets to this vertex and00:24:33
then we know that alpha is 6000:24:36
degrees a00:24:38
what can we tell you about beta?00:24:41
strictly speaking, but look, it means00:24:44
it turns out that here00:24:47
this is this this is this side this is a00:24:52
this is the side, well, that is, if I00:24:56
found the diagonal of the cube then it would00:24:59
was equal to a root of 2 to but it turns out00:25:02
then this is what the roots of 2 are in half then00:25:06
there are two times less and it turns out that00:25:08
this is the hypotenuse00:25:11
y is the root of a square plus a roots00:25:16
of two halves squared the root and00:25:20
square plus a00:25:23
divide and divide the square by 2, well here if00:25:27
simplify and it turns out that is00:25:31
there you need to multiply 3-star by 200:25:35
root of 3 second a00:25:37
this is what our hypotenuse will be00:25:41
son of the desert great Robert to each other00:25:44
so that means sine beta then and00:25:47
This00:25:49
means a00:25:51
roots of 2 by 2 and all this but00:25:55
the opposite leg somewhere roots from00:25:58
two by two also divided by the hypotenuse y00:26:02
to the root of 3 by 2 a00:26:06
that is, it turns out to be the root of two00:26:09
thirdly, if you cut down all the unnecessary things, well00:26:13
now to find the indicator00:26:15
refraction00:26:16
calculate sine alpha divided by sine00:26:19
tetta00:26:22
It turns out the sine of 60 degrees divided by00:26:26
root of two thirds let's calculate00:26:31
how much can we get00:26:37
sine 6000:26:42
root00:26:44
Thirdly00:26:48
this is not yet -00:26:51
106 refractive index00:26:54
[music]00:26:56
so here, unfortunately, it doesn’t say why00:26:59
need to00:27:00
two under the root 2 under the root and wait00:27:05
up pretty thank you it's good that you tell me00:27:09
they said I almost counted it00:27:11
wrong so 2 under the root and00:27:15
really then00:27:18
when than then it will be different00:27:22
root00:27:26
out of 200:27:28
to the root of 400:27:31
but root of 3 is root of 200:27:35
that is, it is 1 to the root of 3 to00:27:41
2200:27:44
to that is, one to the root of 3 here y00:27:48
there is only one of us00:27:51
yeah guys I have no answers to00:27:54
today's task because they00:27:56
are unique and we haven’t solved them yet, that’s why00:27:59
thank you very much for checking me on00:28:02
errors00:28:05
very grateful to you00:28:16
in mathematics they are just lazy people00:28:21
everything about the table it’s normal for me to worry00:28:24
without knowing, of course, I fired everyone a long time ago00:28:27
those who give the Far East similar00:28:30
tasks for central Russia because00:28:33
it's not fair, just what the [ __ ]00:28:36
if you live in the Far East then00:28:38
you have no game information if you00:28:41
if you live in the central part then you have it00:28:44
it's unfair I think00:28:50
So00:28:53
great great 700:28:57
before theory will be on the course theory too00:29:00
there will be a nose for us, of course, practice theory00:29:02
so just refresh your memory so y00:29:05
like us there and for now I'm in00:29:08
safe zone00:29:10
not many likes00:29:13
perhaps even00:29:16
electric shock but there are no tracks for me, in short, it’s not so00:29:21
a lot in general I'm safe thank you00:29:24
thank you for your concern, let's move on00:29:29
the exact light source is in00:29:32
containers with liquid and lowered00:29:34
vertically down from the surface and so00:29:36
here I need to talk a little about refraction00:29:38
speak00:29:40
next next topic00:29:42
then look, if you have two00:29:47
environment00:29:48
here is one medium with refractive index00:29:52
n 1 and 2 medium with refractive index00:29:56
with absolute refractive index n 200:30:01
What is an absolute indicator anyway?00:30:04
refraction is the speed of light in a vacuum00:30:07
at the speed of light in a medium that's what it is00:30:11
such and00:30:13
it turns out that there is such a law00:30:16
called Snell's law00:30:22
which shows how the indicator is related00:30:25
refraction and angle of incidence and angle00:30:29
refraction in general, it is most convenient to write it in00:30:33
this type of refractive index00:30:35
environment by the sine of the angle in the environment is equal to00:30:38
half the other environment00:30:40
sine of an angle in the environment, well, it’s even easier00:30:45
formulation when the sine of alpha is sine00:30:47
theta equals there00:30:50
n2 to n1 but then back00:30:54
proportional dependence is more complex and00:30:56
if you have00:30:58
a large number of these records are in00:31:02
this form is much simpler by this law00:31:04
In general I recommend using it like this00:31:06
remember00:31:09
so what else did I want to say00:31:12
it turns out if we are n there I don’t know n200:31:17
divide by n1 then it will divide everything by00:31:20
in 2 divided by price 1, that is, it is in 100:31:25
divide by v2 and00:31:27
it turns out if we express everything from here00:31:30
this will be equal to the ratio of sine alpha to00:31:33
sine theta00:31:34
Well, you see that is00:31:37
sine of angle00:31:39
proportional to speed00:31:41
it turns out but back to tonal00:31:43
refractive index here's another one00:31:45
the form in which with which you00:31:47
you can write Snell's law in this case00:31:50
if you have a body from a denser environment00:31:54
it comes out less densely, let's say the water is here00:31:58
air00:31:59
then your beam00:32:03
refractions can reach 90 degrees and00:32:06
in fact, in this case the entire beam will be00:32:09
let's reflect into the angle of incidence alpha00:32:14
here beta 0 let's call the exit angle 90 well there00:32:19
if we take n of air approximately equal00:32:21
unit and by the water I don’t know there 133 then we00:32:26
we can calculate the angle of total internal00:32:27
remember the reflection is called an angle00:32:30
total internal reflection, that is, it00:32:32
it turns out sine theta zero on00:32:35
The refractive index of water is00:32:38
unit is air per00:32:44
sine 90 which is also equal to one then00:32:50
there it turns out to be the sine of the total00:32:53
internal reflection00:32:54
one for the refractive index of water here00:32:57
so you can find the whole thing00:33:12
No need to enter the name of the law no00:33:15
it is enough to write the formula of the law00:33:18
I know what it is00:33:21
some teachers who yell from00:33:25
all the cracks that you have not written the name00:33:28
the law will not give you the maximum00:33:31
point no this is a fallacy I don’t know how00:33:35
how many years do I still have to fight this?00:33:37
I already posted my varik in which00:33:40
your work for which they gave 10000:33:42
points I didn't write a single title00:33:44
laws just wrote the formula for this00:33:47
enough but this teacher00:33:49
still this is not enough they continue00:33:51
continue to talk and carry all kinds of heresy in00:33:55
in general, don’t listen to teachers who00:33:57
They say that a name is also required00:34:00
law and formula can be one or the other00:34:03
only the formula or only the name00:34:08
what can I say to this teacher00:34:10
who continue this anyway00:34:12
I can say I wish them something to eat00:34:16
I won't I won't I won't I won't00:34:20
talk bad about people00:34:27
go ahead00:34:34
so this is ours00:34:37
task00:34:39
point light source is in00:34:41
containers with liquid and lowered00:34:43
vertically down from the surface of the liquid00:34:46
while on the surface of the liquid00:34:48
a spot appears within which the rays00:34:50
light from the source comes out of liquids00:34:53
air source immersion depth00:34:55
distance from the surface of the liquid to00:34:57
light source measured measured00:34:59
at regular intervals and00:35:01
corresponding bright spot radius00:35:03
presented in the table00:35:07
so what is the refractive index00:35:10
liquid answer to within00:35:12
hundredths00:35:16
So00:35:18
means that you and I see00:35:21
we see that he has00:35:25
we are a bright spot let's discuss how00:35:29
it is formed00:35:31
it's not that bright spot when you're in00:35:34
you float up in the pool you feel warm00:35:36
this is a little different, imagine this00:35:38
you have a light bulb like this on00:35:42
Basik day, well, not for a day, just here00:35:44
somewhere there is a light bulb and these rays00:35:46
these rays come out from the surface00:35:50
Ivan, well, it seems that the place is illuminated here00:35:54
yes, and at some point the beam came out00:35:58
refracted here and at an angle of 90 degrees00:36:01
that is, this just applies to the angle00:36:03
total internal reflection00:36:09
so that means we can do it00:36:14
spot radius00:36:17
let's take the very first option 1000:36:21
10 cm, that is, I’ll erase this radius00:36:26
10 centimeters and immersion depth in00:36:30
this moment h is equal to00:36:33
8 centimeters turns out we can find00:36:38
this is the corner bed and that is, if here00:36:40
draw here like this, then here too00:36:43
will be 8 cm00:36:44
and here it will also be 10 centimeters then00:36:50
[music]00:36:51
it turns out that this is the hypotenuse00:36:57
Let's00:36:59
let's use the Pythagorean theorem, here we go00:37:02
this hypotenuse is 8 squared plus 1000:37:05
squared guy from 16400:37:10
oh what a stupid number to assign to him00:37:12
sung00:37:14
10 to the root of 164 is obtained00:37:18
refractive index knives question on00:37:21
these one for sine this thing for 10 for00:37:27
root of one hundred and sixty-four notes n00:37:29
this is one on sine theta and then this00:37:34
here's the thing we've got, let's do it00:37:36
let's calculate how much it comes out and here I am00:37:38
write guys suggest this 128 if00:37:43
round to the nearest hundredth00:37:44
thank you I will believe you because I00:37:47
lazy00:37:49
just lazy I was too lazy to finish00:37:52
phrase00:37:53
lazy who00:37:58
[music]00:38:02
while I'm alive studios I want her to show up00:38:05
sense00:38:20
so I erase all this00:38:35
the stream will last up to 6 hours even00:38:38
It’s more unfortunate that I’m slowing down00:38:43
Everything is safe enough with our likes00:38:46
by likes00:38:49
57300:38:55
This doesn’t make me happy by the way where are the likes00:38:59
I try and you like if the light comes from00:39:05
substances with refractive index n in00:39:08
vacuum here it is by the way if in more00:39:13
tight then the angle actually00:39:15
increases00:39:18
limit angle of total internal00:39:20
reflections00:39:22
equals 45 what is equal to a00:39:26
ok then, well, in short, here he is at 9000:39:32
comes out00:39:33
it turns out sine 90 sine alpha there 79000:39:41
by 1 is equal to n times sine alpha and that means00:39:46
exponent one per sine00:39:50
alpha 1 per sine00:39:53
4500:39:56
is the root of 2 the root of two00:39:59
this is 143 if up to 24 hours it’s rubles I don’t have00:40:03
I thought I read this in the chat00:40:06
Thanks guys00:40:10
Thank you yourself for the hall Taurus a little00:40:13
Friday Primus broadcast carts was00:40:15
It's nice to listen to him and thank you for that00:40:17
watched too00:40:24
14100:40:27
someone let me down another 1 1 but00:40:43
maybe we won't get it anyway00:40:46
1000 likes for this ferrari00:40:48
I don’t remember the stream you dialed me00:40:51
still like a00:40:53
140 cops00:40:56
14100:40:57
141 because00:41:00
1414 if after the units there are 4 then we round00:41:03
downward00:41:07
units because the vacuum is up to the indicator00:41:10
refraction in vacuum alone and in air00:41:14
almost 1 actually00:41:16
compared to water up to then can be considered00:41:24
light comes from matter where is the speed of light00:41:29
26500:41:34
26500:41:36
one meters per second00:41:40
conducted matter where the speed of light is 28500:41:45
meters per second what is sine equal to00:41:49
limit angle of total interior00:41:51
reflections, express your answer accurate to00:41:53
decimal means let's repeat it again00:42:00
reports to think00:42:03
ok, let me describe us in more detail00:42:06
it turns out00:42:08
n1 per sine alpha is equal to n 2 per sine00:42:13
tetta00:42:15
means in a less dense environment00:42:19
where the speed of light is greater we should00:42:23
be 90 degrees means who should I00:42:26
charge for 9000:42:28
degrees alpha or beta which is equal to 9000:42:33
degrees00:42:38
first option alpha second option beta00:42:57
Hello Alexander, how are your joints?00:43:01
although they just started asking for reports00:43:03
It seems like my joints are always fine00:43:05
was00:43:07
hips b option beta that is, we have00:43:11
it turns out n1 this price one per sine00:43:17
alpha is equal to price 2 times sine 90 then00:43:23
sine alpha00:43:25
1 in 2 and it works00:43:29
265 to 285 but even if you were wrong00:43:34
it's okay because you would00:43:36
got a sine greater than one that00:43:38
says that you would have confused00:43:41
to correct00:43:42
so 2.65 is a divisor by 2.800:43:46
50 929 taking into account so to within00:43:51
thousandths00:43:53
round by 100000:43:56
093 extra 0900:44:01
298 if rounded to thousandths then this is in00:44:05
large side to dishes 000:44:07
It’s clear that we’ll round up to thousandths, but00:44:11
the answer came with photos00:44:31
do not write down exactly 09300:44:37
the bottom will be salty00:44:40
looks depends on whether00:44:42
tear my bottom00:44:43
inclusive00:44:45
I try not to take a break because00:44:48
that it’s hard to fit the entire webinar into 6 hours00:44:51
so much information00:44:53
the most concentrated information00:44:56
six o'clock at00:44:57
what a handsome guy who came in00:45:00
so a beam of light falls from air into00:45:04
glass what happens to00:45:06
frequency of electromagnetic oscillations00:45:08
light wave speed00:45:10
propagation wavelength for each00:45:12
values determine the appropriate00:45:13
nature of changes00:45:16
without 0 the error will not be so already rounded00:45:20
to thousandths but the number turned out to be from00:45:25
rounded to thousandths like this00:45:26
cleanliness guys everything never changes00:45:32
remember as our father00:45:35
What was the frequency? What remains?00:45:39
speed in a denser environment in water00:45:42
ours is written there from air into glass00:45:48
glass00:45:49
glass but will move slower00:45:52
so well, it seems to me purely if you00:45:55
fumble a little and understand how it leads00:45:57
All00:45:59
light do you understand that00:46:02
it would be brut brud it was clear what we were talking about00:46:06
wavelength00:46:08
wavelength let's think about it00:46:11
wavelength is speed00:46:16
multiplied by00:46:18
divided by purity00:46:20
speed doesn't change00:46:23
oh frequency does not change speed00:46:26
decreased means the wavelength too00:46:29
will decrease00:46:30
get up here is how the wave behaved00:46:33
so I have the same one00:46:37
frequency moves back and forth but due to00:46:39
that it’s not the speed that has decreased00:46:40
slowly became smaller00:46:50
take a break for half an hour00:46:53
[music]00:46:59
so now let's00:47:02
let's check00:47:03
how much do you fumble the same question00:47:08
but the sound00:47:10
that's if the sound00:47:13
you said the score there00:47:16
someone00:47:27
imagine that00:47:33
you you someone this you your friend00:47:37
[ __ ] on the back and dived into the pool and you00:47:40
You yell something at him and there’s a sound00:47:44
extends to and00:47:47
here it is now spreading in the water00:47:51
please tell me how it will behave00:47:55
purity00:47:59
propagation speed and length00:48:02
sound wave now write again00:48:20
oh handsome guys oh well done look sound00:48:24
the wave behaves a little differently than the sound wave00:48:27
wave, the denser the medium, the better because00:48:30
what's going on this is what's going on00:48:32
mechanical transmission that is, here you are00:48:35
imagine you are in a crowded subway00:48:37
someone was pushed00:48:39
the next person starts to fall and00:48:42
pushes the next one the closer these people are00:48:44
are here this one pushed this one00:48:46
this one pushed this one pushed this one and00:48:48
Here the wave turns out to be transmitted quickly00:48:51
if the medium is dense therefore the speed is in00:48:54
water00:48:55
the water will increase here if that speed00:48:58
distribution will increase and again by00:49:00
same formula 1 speed00:49:03
spread has increased in frequency00:49:04
remained the same, then the wavelength also00:49:07
will increase so don't confuse the sound00:49:10
electromagnetic waves00:49:12
they behave differently in the environment00:49:17
there is in the water if you scream then00:49:19
the speed of sound will be much greater00:49:25
why are there 666 likes oh00:49:34
well done00:49:37
well done brothers on the theory it was before00:49:42
go ahead00:49:47
A00:49:48
so we moved on to the difficult part then there00:49:52
waited with a spoon it started00:49:55
guys listen to the refraction of light00:49:57
maximum00:49:58
details about00:50:15
cool thanks bro find the corner00:50:19
falling light beam into glass00:50:21
the plates are plane parallel at00:50:23
offset 168 millimeters00:50:31
if at offset00:50:34
one millimeter angle of incidence is00:50:38
30 degrees00:50:40
one millimeter angle of incidence00:50:45
sinus00:50:48
oh oh frame 30 play00:50:52
So00:50:58
refractive index00:51:00
15500:51:02
1500:51:04
labor00:51:08
I'll start eating here we have a plane parallel00:51:11
plate how light behaves00:51:16
when falling00:51:18
here that goal alpha angle of incidence00:51:21
getting smaller00:51:24
environment00:51:27
same here00:51:30
then it turns out it turns out, but it’s00:51:35
alpha there too00:51:37
we call one and00:51:39
it turns out that it’s in the air here, but we’ll be there00:51:43
count approximately one00:51:45
here with us00:51:47
155 and here in the air again approximately00:51:52
units are obtained n air00:51:55
air on00:51:57
sine alpha equals n times sine theta00:52:02
again the same thing here n times sine00:52:05
theta equals n times sine alpha 1 n air00:52:12
that is, if you look at this here00:52:15
then it turns out he comes out under the same00:52:18
the angle that came in is why we say00:52:20
about00:52:21
parallel displacement of the beam, that is, here00:52:24
he moved00:52:26
by some amount by a value d00:52:29
let's now think about how this value00:52:31
d can be found find it can be found enough00:52:35
we just see that this leg d is like00:52:39
since you take this angle well, let's00:52:43
I'm so heroin to him red00:52:45
I’ll indicate this angle that’s interesting to us00:52:49
how to find this angle red let's00:52:52
and a warrior on this00:52:55
this is the letter indicated00:53:01
gamma from home00:53:04
by the way, what is the gamma equal to chat?00:53:07
write00:53:10
write dear00:53:22
alpha minus b handsome guys that is00:53:25
we get like vertical angles00:53:28
these here we have alpha equals beta plus00:53:31
hama hama this is alpha minus b to b then00:53:35
can be found from the law of refraction then00:53:38
is in this form here if00:53:40
take advantage of sine beta00:53:42
sine alpha by00:53:47
n n air approximately 1 and00:53:52
it turns out00:53:56
What00:54:00
hence beta is arc00:54:04
sine sine alpha on n that is beta y00:54:09
we exist now what we do with you we00:54:13
we know that the width of the plate is up to00:54:19
then the cosine of theta is equal to divided by y00:54:26
on the other side00:54:29
sine gamma equals b divided by the same00:54:33
the y is already from this triangle00:54:36
then from these two things you and I00:54:39
we get that sine gamma divided by sine00:54:43
on execute and on cosine beta00:54:47
equals h00:54:50
take00:54:52
d divide by y very d divide our there00:54:57
all that remains is00:54:58
Here00:55:16
so ask me to show the hour angle00:55:19
incidence of light beam00:55:24
alpha 1 is alpha 2 that is00:55:30
you and I know00:55:34
What00:55:36
sine gamma one00:55:43
per cosine beta 100:55:47
equals d 1 divided by h and sine gamma 2 by00:55:54
cosine beta 2 equals d 2 divided by a00:55:59
what exactly follows from this?00:56:05
sine gamma one by sine gamma 200:56:12
by cosine beta 2 by cosine beta 100:56:19
equals b 1 divided by d200:56:23
so now if I00:56:27
I'll set you up00:56:29
what I know00:56:36
it turns out sine gamma00:56:39
This00:56:41
alpha 1 minus00:56:45
arcsine sine ive 1 divided by n00:56:57
sinus00:57:00
to sine00:57:02
alpha 2 minus arcsine00:57:06
sine alpha 2 divided by r00:57:10
then I get d 1 divided by d200:57:21
yo-ma-yo a00:57:26
so I have it I can find it00:57:30
this is what I can find00:57:34
it's like how do I solve this00:57:38
damn it00:57:45
These curators made my task more difficult00:57:49
she turned into some kind of dregs00:57:58
why else do I know about00:58:00
sinus00:58:08
in general I think this is possible00:58:11
decision to finish two numbers because00:58:16
well this is kind of [ __ ] up00:58:20
in fact, everything is usually much better there00:58:23
easier00:58:24
brought to 2 beta, we also need to reach the goal00:58:27
well damn it's a sine00:58:32
sine alpha 2 by n00:58:35
sinus00:58:38
Naturally this can’t happen guys00:58:41
it is very important for you to understand00:58:46
Yes, what is important for you guys to understand00:58:49
it's important to understand that you can do this00:58:52
you can write it down like this and00:58:56
What00:58:59
angle at which it falls on a plane00:59:01
parallel is equal to the angle at which00:59:03
exits parallel search and00:59:09
let me, there are two things to consider here00:59:11
triangle but my curators were just00:59:16
let's go too far, let's go too far00:59:20
let's know what we'll do00:59:24
let's change this a little bit00:59:27
let us give alpha 1 the task00:59:35
alpha 100:59:37
so what happens if the angle of incidence00:59:47
let's remove d2 a bit instead, let it00:59:51
conditions will be alpha where I am like this00:59:53
changed the conditions of the problem but so that it00:59:55
was solvable00:59:58
let alpha 1 be 45 degrees to cairns01:00:03
what is it equal to and01:00:04
they ask what the displacement is equal to then01:00:07
this problem becomes solvable01:00:10
So01:00:13
Well, let's now express express01:00:16
what is d 2 in this case?01:00:30
d201:00:33
This01:00:36
d101:00:41
let's express first01:00:43
on01:00:45
these are not a shuttlecock right away, let's express d1 by01:00:49
sine alpha 2 minus arc sine sine01:00:53
alpha 2 on n01:00:57
by cosine01:00:59
sine alpha 1 by n01:01:03
divide by sine alpha 1 minus01:01:08
arcsine of sine alpha-1 by n by cosine01:01:13
sine alpha 2 on n01:01:17
that is, you are setting the guys up, and I01:01:21
I will write what you tell me even with01:01:25
the game was wrong01:01:28
so do the math on the calculator01:01:32
please sine before me01:01:35
alpha 2 is 30 minus01:01:39
arcsine of sine01:01:42
30 per01:01:44
15501:01:46
by cosine of sine01:01:51
45 by 155 and below the sine01:01:58
alpha 1 is 45 minus arc sine of sine01:02:06
45 by 155 by cosine of sine01:02:17
what the hell did I write down01:02:21
arcsine01:02:26
arcsine of sine and01:02:34
cosine01:02:36
from arcsine sine01:02:41
alpha 2 on n01:02:45
arcsine sine alpha 101:02:48
and this is equal01:02:51
d1 to d201:02:56
here01:02:58
arc cosine01:03:01
And01:03:03
here01:03:04
cosine of arc sine01:03:17
cosine like this01:03:19
sine and01:03:22
cosine of arc sine sine 45 by01:03:30
155 I'm sick of it01:03:37
thanks to the curator damn it, okay who?01:03:41
I didn’t count or no one counted01:03:49
I'll count01:03:54
O01:04:02
counted up01:04:13
I'll check how I set people up01:04:17
everything is correct01:04:32
van that little was considered01:04:36
I'll have to count here01:04:51
here 3001:04:59
sine 301:05:25
because01:05:33
here means sine 4501:05:37
minus01:05:39
arcsine01:05:46
/ sine 4501:05:51
deep sea 501:05:56
like this01:05:59
like this01:06:02
so equal01:06:10
so we respect01:06:14
divided by the cosine of the arcsine01:06:20
fraction sine 4501:06:24
But01:06:27
all five01:06:32
cosine divider01:06:38
arcsine01:06:41
dad sine 3001:06:46
15501:06:49
two brackets close01:06:56
so in general it worked out for me01:07:01
099 8 7 millimeters a01:07:10
By the way01:07:12
well, like about 1 millimeter essentially I01:07:16
I hit the sky with my finger, I guessed which one01:07:20
the angle should have been in the thirtieth01:07:23
that is, I guessed it and then01:07:24
it actually turns out to be a shift by one01:07:27
a millimeter but it's just a miracle gentlemen01:07:31
ok, in general, we coped with the task01:07:34
although very somehow for a sage for a sophisticated one01:07:38
variation ok thanks anyway01:07:40
to my curator for such interesting things01:07:44
steamed of course conditions01:07:49
that is, the answer in the original number would be01:07:52
30 degrees turns out01:07:59
yeah, put it down and that's when mine01:08:02
curators come up with wording they01:08:05
Apparently they are lazy about solving problems themselves01:08:09
So you swapped the numbers and01:08:12
changed there what is being asked but you01:08:15
I am sure that this can really be resolved within the framework01:08:17
school curriculum anyway01:08:19
in this case the person did not check01:08:21
I haven’t tried to solve it myself, obviously, but01:08:24
ok I'm twenty what01:08:26
you can do it01:08:34
the actual depth of the lake is01:08:37
3, 4 meters a01:08:41
ice thickness 65 centimeters01:08:46
What is the depth of the lake to a fisherman?01:08:48
show someone standing on transparent ice01:08:50
melting ice 13101:08:54
water 13301:08:58
so look here with us01:09:02
let's say for us because it seems to the fisherman01:09:06
look, this is ice, this is good for a fisherman01:09:09
it seems like this01:09:11
the bottom is here so let's do it01:09:14
he's looking at the coin and looking at it01:09:17
looks at the coin from the coin01:09:20
the light is reflected, it seems to him that this01:09:22
the light is reflected like this, that is, like ours01:09:24
the eye is made our eye sees01:09:29
a diverging beam of rays that01:09:31
gets into it and completes the construction01:09:33
direct eye image stupid he is not01:09:36
understands that something is bent there but01:09:38
in fact this beam hits the eye01:09:41
differently, let's see how he's doing01:09:44
actually gets it, that is, he01:09:46
goes like this, which is at a right angle01:09:48
he doesn't change at all, but this one is coming01:09:51
like this, that is, first it goes at an angle01:09:53
alpha let's use different colors01:09:55
draw so where is green green then01:09:59
He01:10:00
decreased01:10:02
is already going at an angle or even01:10:08
at the interface of this medium he01:10:11
changed again and01:10:14
goes at an angle gamma01:10:18
like this01:10:21
gamma and01:10:23
in fact this is a coin01:10:27
is located here, that is, this01:10:31
Seems01:10:33
this is reality the real situation01:10:36
coins, that is, this coin right here01:10:40
the archer sends01:10:41
and here sending a ray that01:10:43
refracted refracted and general01:10:45
gets into the eye and when our eye sees01:10:48
a diverging beam of rays then it’s his01:10:50
so finish it this way well I do01:10:53
drew that they are far away but on01:10:55
this is actually a small distance01:10:57
we will assume these angles are small01:11:01
consider01:11:04
small01:11:05
angles01:11:08
then sine alpha is approximately equal to alpha and01:11:13
approximately equal to tan alt for small01:11:15
corners01:11:17
it turns out01:11:19
if I express01:11:23
let's say01:11:26
here let's x101:11:31
here it is and here it is01:11:36
It turns out that sine is gamma01:11:41
equals x 1 divide our if I will01:11:45
express sine beta01:11:48
this little tash this is x201:11:51
it turns out that sine theta is equal to x 2 divide01:11:56
on oh sorry not the force Sarah tangent well01:12:01
tangent is equal to sine01:12:04
sinus01:12:06
approximately equal01:12:08
approximately01:12:10
sine beta01:12:13
so then from here I can conclude01:12:18
What01:12:22
hx101:12:25
equals01:12:30
as much as sine gamma01:12:34
x201:12:37
equals h sine battan and01:12:44
now let's look at just the angle01:12:47
alpha, that is, this is how it seems to us they will be01:12:50
there will also be alpha and this is the distance you01:12:53
x1 plus x 2 and01:12:59
what is the depth of the lake01:13:08
so so so01:13:13
lake depth fish01:13:17
here's football01:13:27
Apparently I'm just thinking what's being asked01:13:30
but I'm glad I understand that what's being asked here is not01:13:34
the depth is exactly the lake01:13:40
depth01:13:42
just from the surface to the bottom01:13:46
to the ice surface to the bottom01:13:50
let's find it means b&b questions and01:13:54
then for the tangent alpha which01:13:59
approximately equal to our sine alpha01:14:03
it turns out this ratio will be x 1 plus01:14:07
x 2 divided by b01:14:12
therefore x1 plus x 2 equals b sine01:14:17
alpha01:14:18
so everyone understands what we did01:14:21
Hope01:14:31
actually it's possible01:14:33
you can find this problem here01:14:39
it will seem to him01:14:41
the ice ends where it seems to him01:14:45
ends in begins ends01:14:47
water but it will take too long I need it01:14:50
it will still be01:14:52
consider the case when he looks at01:14:54
ice where he thinks the ice is and damn01:14:59
I don't think it's worth it anyway01:15:04
let's just find the depth at which01:15:06
there is a bottom from the surface of the ice here and01:15:08
everything turns out that sine is alpha01:15:15
1 is equal to the refractive index of ice01:15:19
on01:15:20
sine beta01:15:23
where can we find01:15:27
sine beta01:15:30
it is equal to sine alpha divisor by nld01:15:34
also we can find the sine01:15:38
gamma over n water is equal to sine theta01:15:44
on n ice and01:15:47
it is equal to the sine alpha of this01:15:51
it turns out therefore sine gamma01:15:54
equal to sine alpha times n water and01:16:00
in general this way01:16:05
we can work with you01:16:07
find this distance b01:16:10
this is the distance then01:16:13
will01:16:16
if x1 is substituted it’s already01:16:21
on01:16:25
sine alpha by n water + x 2 substitute01:16:31
this is as much as01:16:33
sine iPhone and ice01:16:41
equals01:16:44
Now01:16:50
b to sine alpha, that is, this is what we have01:16:54
will happen in this case01:16:56
that is, we have ice depth01:17:02
the depth at which the water is located and01:17:04
ice depth01:17:07
will decrease by a factor of refractive index01:17:10
that is, by the way, it’s cool to look at01:17:13
this is what actually seems to be01:17:16
depths this is it01:17:20
apparent waters a01:17:24
this is the apparent depth of the ice and01:17:30
we can now count it01:17:33
b01:17:36
means your big 3, 4 divided by water01:17:42
13301:17:44
plus01:17:46
065 on01:17:49
13101:17:53
So01:17:56
count the fraction 3 4 divided by 13301:18:01
+ 0 all 5 divided by 13101:18:07
it turns out 301:18:10
as much as 0 5 meters in total01:18:16
in fact, by the way, she’s not that much01:18:20
different please note that is there01:18:25
3.4 although it is indecent there are four meters but01:18:28
approximately 4 meters actual depth01:18:31
it looks like it's three meters there01:18:35
approximately four-thirds times01:18:37
is different So let’s write it down anyway01:18:43
apparent ice and apparent in, well, that is01:18:47
here is the apparent01:18:49
water01:18:51
here is the apparent ice and01:18:57
you can also paint them, that is, if I01:19:00
Here01:19:01
I am writing an apparent01:19:04
3-4 water will be here01:19:08
25601:19:10
meters, well, approximately, but the apparent ice is01:19:15
there will be 065 divisor by01:19:19
13101:19:21
it will be located at 0 49601:19:26
meters01:19:28
well, this is how it will be distorted01:19:56
this is the height from the surface to the ice01:20:00
more likely01:20:02
from the surface to the ice on there01:20:05
really deep lake01:20:07
[music]01:20:15
ok guys we won't01:20:18
easy to redo01:20:22
so you know the wording is like this01:20:25
it turned out that but it’s not completely clear01:20:28
what did they mean01:20:31
the depth of the lake is from what to what but01:20:34
if yes if the depth of the lake01:20:36
meant from the ice surface to01:20:39
bottom of the water then we would take it there01:20:43
this width is such a big minus01:20:46
h a little well, it’s understandable and that’s why01:20:48
the meaning doesn't change, the main thing is that you01:20:50
generally understood what was happening at the game01:20:53
everything will be formulated clearly, how01:20:56
rule there are no such uncertainties but01:20:58
was again forgiven by his curator for01:21:01
such a formulation, in general, the main thing is that01:21:04
you understood the meaning01:21:06
so let's move on01:21:09
in general, in short, what is the moral of this01:21:13
fables and01:21:15
we can prove it01:21:17
in some environment01:21:20
apparent depth01:21:23
refractive index times less than01:21:27
in real01:21:29
that is, imagine this means01:21:33
you want to slap someone's ass01:21:43
that's his ass01:21:45
here she is at some depth01:21:48
And01:21:49
You01:21:51
when will you01:21:53
to swing you need to aim a little01:21:57
below a01:21:58
specifically four thirds if you are in01:22:01
hit the water, that is, if you are under water there01:22:05
you see an ass at a distance of 3001:22:08
centimeters then you need to move 1001:22:11
centimeters down, that is, spanking and so on01:22:13
as if you were on01:22:15
hit at a depth of 40 centimeters and01:22:20
then everything will be clear you will get there01:22:28
Sanya why even divide by nb this01:22:31
apparent01:22:32
the distance is easy to deduce if01:22:34
we just had the same environment, here it is01:22:37
logical reasoning01:22:44
let's all move on01:23:45
a parallel beam of light falls from01:23:47
air on a stack of four flat01:23:49
parallel glass plates and01:23:51
comes out of it at an angle of 45 degrees like this01:23:54
beta 45 degrees at what angle is the beam01:23:59
entered this pile if the indicator01:24:01
refractive index of the plate is equal to 1 of01:24:06
71 of 7101:24:10
from 6 and01:24:15
15 and 1401:24:20
So01:24:23
this is how I entered if I left at 45 and here01:24:30
will help us01:24:32
Snell's formula and not written in01:24:37
in the form of sine alpha divided by sine beta a01:24:40
in the form n multiplied by sine equals01:24:43
sine is equal to them by sine that is what I mean01:24:46
I say you have an alpha angle01:24:49
then he is a beta there and here and here01:24:55
Then01:24:58
gamma01:25:03
here he is, highlighting the task01:25:07
etc.01:25:12
and then there is sigma01:25:16
sigma they take it yes here is sigma01:25:20
here too sigma and here even01:25:28
lunch and upstairs balyan so here for something else01:25:32
come up with01:25:34
that the single01:25:37
gamma01:25:38
[music]01:25:40
I forgot what it's called01:25:44
look, well, if you use this one01:25:47
this is the formula I showed you01:25:50
then everything becomes quite simple01:25:55
no matter what happened between them01:25:58
provisions, the main thing is that he was in01:26:01
air01:26:02
n air multiplied by sine alpha then01:26:07
he's there n1 sine psy01:26:10
n 2 sine gamma01:26:15
n3 sine theta01:26:19
n4 sine sigma and then still n01:26:25
air sine beta what happens here01:26:29
this thing is equal to this thing and just01:26:31
alpha anyway I could do it right away01:26:34
write I wanted you to remember01:26:37
so as not to torture yourself01:26:39
with these complex calculations01:26:44
task file in cart01:26:50
pdf in01:26:53
cart01:26:56
in the cart01:27:01
f.b.01:27:03
No01:27:16
so, okay, let's move on in general01:27:19
generally entered at the same angle at01:27:22
which came out01:27:55
so I completely missed the schedule01:27:58
I wonder how much I love him01:28:00
I'm falling behind01:28:01
so 13 3 6 and according to the plan I should have01:28:09
when a01:28:13
well, I’m behind but not much by 16 minutes01:28:16
normal01:28:18
human yes guys01:28:21
let's talk about it, a couple of things01:28:25
Let's take a little break, which means01:28:28
what does it mean to be first on the news?01:28:31
news if we get 1000 likes01:28:37
become a man and close to this I am01:28:42
I'll cut the electro for the new car01:28:46
by itself, here we have 3 pieces in Rome today01:28:50
but I understand that nothing will happen to me01:28:54
I'll just cheer myself up properly so01:28:58
put likes, I’m even interested in it01:29:01
how energized I'll be after01:29:05
of this action01:29:06
oh, of course it’s scary and a little bit, but I’m already01:29:09
fought so nothing fatal01:29:11
scary01:29:14
someone free dislikes beats me here01:29:18
for 1000 likes01:29:20
so what else01:29:24
if you are in eleventh grade and01:29:27
create and gene most likely this is so01:29:29
because I have such people there now01:29:31
look then you can sign up for my01:29:34
intensive01:29:35
which starts on May 25th on which you01:29:38
We'll get through everything, write in our group at01:29:42
contact code word metal and01:29:45
sign up with a discount so01:29:48
subscribe sign up for intensive01:29:51
start 2501:29:53
you need to buy dough, it can be difficult, it can be01:29:55
this is this together that is there you will lead01:29:58
have all your knowledge in order and come to01:30:01
exam fully armed, show yourself with01:30:03
the best side of a01:30:05
if you are a tenth grader, then follow the link below01:30:08
video again you can sign up before01:30:11
list for the annual course for no 202301:30:14
You will also attend summer school01:30:17
get a summer intensive get records01:30:20
ebonite 2022 in general is absolutely colossal01:30:25
some amount of water, that is, a record01:30:28
the hospital of 2022 will be available to you01:30:31
In any case, we open the duvan earlier01:30:33
will be available earlier than others immediately01:30:35
After the exam, in general, go to01:30:37
link in description to order01:30:39
pre-register our group in contact again01:30:41
the same but also from our heroic teachers01:30:45
which also work great already too01:30:48
someone started intensively to whom01:30:50
then soon we won’t miss everything01:30:53
advertising is over01:31:09
so guys let's talk about now01:31:16
thin line formula01:31:20
the path is normal01:31:23
enough of this childish humor01:31:30
V01:31:34
2 draws01:31:38
like children so01:31:41
Means01:31:43
what what else let's get started01:31:48
lenses what we know about01:31:51
converging lens01:31:57
it turns out if it falls on it01:32:01
parallel beam01:32:05
this is called the main optical axis01:32:08
all these rays are refracted01:32:11
into focus01:32:13
I won't drink.01:32:15
so they will all go through the trick01:32:20
it’s clear guys the beam that passes through01:32:24
center of the main optical axis01:32:25
it won't refract at all01:32:27
went on and on01:32:30
now if we01:32:33
direct the beam01:32:35
let me show you separately now, that is01:32:38
now if the rays go through the center of the main01:32:40
it doesn’t change the optical axis in any way01:32:45
its trajectory as it went and goes01:32:49
this one would also go better in the general center01:32:52
The main optical axis is very convenient.01:32:55
to direct the beam because it's better not01:32:58
change their direction01:33:02
so what happens if01:33:05
the rays fall at an angle, let's say here01:33:09
our beam goes like this01:33:12
where will he go next01:33:14
for this you need to draw the focal01:33:17
plane focal plane is but01:33:20
passes through a point01:33:22
focus on the main optical axis and voila01:33:26
through . you draw a plane then you01:33:28
build an auxiliary angle01:33:31
parallel and01:33:34
all the rays that are fed in parallel are here01:33:37
this passing through the center of the passing01:33:39
must not be refracted through the center01:33:41
intersect at one point at the focal01:33:43
planes, that is, they will all intersect01:33:45
here, and in particular this beam01:33:49
will go further here like this01:33:51
build a beam incident at an angle01:33:55
at an angle01:33:56
but also if we use the property01:34:00
reversibility01:34:03
diameter in geometric optics then we have01:34:07
it turns out if01:34:09
in focus01:34:11
the source is located01:34:13
then this source hits the lens01:34:17
how to go further01:34:20
parallel01:34:22
this is how the rays will go01:34:25
that's why if you want accurate01:34:28
turn the source into parallel01:34:32
source01:34:33
homogeneous field, then you can put it into the lens01:34:37
place it at 0 and point it at the lens01:34:40
By the way, I did it in a program in one01:34:42
to show the dispersion effect01:34:46
So01:34:48
And01:34:50
the latter again I use reversibility01:34:53
rays if you have a focal plane01:34:56
the source is located01:35:00
then when it hits the lens01:35:05
this one doesn't refract until01:35:09
the rest are underway so they all go01:35:13
parallel to this one which is not01:35:15
refracted01:35:17
also run in parallel01:35:20
this is what concerns the collecting lens and01:35:25
I'm washing01:35:59
focal plane passes through focus01:36:02
perpendicular to the main optical axis01:36:05
to define a plane it is enough to specify01:36:08
point and01:36:10
that's the straight line it will be01:36:13
perpendicular01:36:15
So01:36:17
Now01:36:19
what does a diverging lens do?01:36:22
We’ll also discuss it quickly01:36:26
she makes it a parallel beam01:36:30
the rays seem to come from the back01:36:32
focal plane01:36:34
that's what she does01:36:41
that is, they behave better as if01:36:45
they shone from this point, that is, if01:36:48
I'll point it at the diverging lens01:36:51
parallel beam of rays then you too01:36:53
look at this light then you will01:36:56
seem like he's in focus01:36:58
it will seem to you that the image is there01:37:01
located actually just checked01:37:03
beam of rays falling01:37:05
So01:37:08
that's all well01:37:11
let's probably01:37:13
Let's move on to solving the problem: fine formula01:37:16
I'll show you the lenses in practice01:37:26
probably here01:37:30
I'll do that in the picture there01:37:36
one cell two centimeters what is it01:37:40
focal length let's do this01:37:43
let's continue this line01:37:51
this straight line will continue like this01:37:55
I'll continue this straight01:38:01
bright understanding somewhere a or higher should01:38:04
were to cross paths01:38:08
bolin oleg steel beveled shorter actually01:38:13
in fact they should01:38:15
intersect at this point, that is, we01:38:18
Let's assume that it's all one. OK01:38:22
it turns out our lens is located01:38:25
here01:38:27
this is where our lens is located01:38:32
Now01:38:41
were it turns out that with such cream01:38:45
we won't be able to clearly find the picture01:39:05
let me just fix the drawing01:39:09
in general01:39:12
Oleg just squinted but that should have been it01:39:16
go like this01:39:18
Here01:39:20
a year since the beam was supposed to go in reality01:39:23
guys, but excuse me, our braids are crooked01:39:26
there he went a little to the side and everything was already01:39:29
it turns out wrong and it turns out ours01:39:32
the lens should be clearly located here01:39:36
our collecting lenses will be located and01:39:46
it turns out that01:39:48
we can build an auxiliary beam01:39:51
let's give him a little black one01:39:54
parallel to our incident ray and01:39:59
we know that it will intersect with01:40:02
by this focal plane ray, that is01:40:04
here is the focal plane, here it is01:40:07
purple01:40:10
just about the focal plane, that is, here01:40:12
here is the focus01:40:19
here is the focal point, that is, we have one01:40:22
a cell is two centimeters01:40:24
that means focus is 2 cm, let’s write it like that01:40:30
f-no two01:40:33
centimeter01:40:41
the arrow skewed a little but not01:40:43
pay attention she will be on the exam01:40:46
normal01:40:48
just Oleg's imperfection01:40:52
but I'm raising Oleg, I'm constantly raising him01:40:57
subjecting modifications so to speak01:41:07
let's all move on01:41:26
well, by the way, I didn’t fully say that01:41:29
it will be if at an angle so guys if on01:41:34
diverging lens beam falls at an angle01:41:37
that's how then how will he behave01:41:41
lead look again we are building the side01:41:44
auxiliary beam parallel to this and01:41:47
he will behave like this, let’s say01:41:50
this is where the focus is yes01:41:53
as if it's coming01:41:56
from the same point as01:42:00
this ray, that is, would not be refracted01:42:03
and it will seem to be coming from a point in01:42:05
focal plane and will go further01:42:07
like this01:42:08
this ray will go like this01:42:13
this one is better there, I don’t know which one01:42:15
something goes as if it comes from this01:42:18
points this beam serving will go like01:42:22
as if it comes from this, you know01:42:28
Yes01:42:30
this is not refracted01:42:33
it’s clear guys how everything works and also01:42:36
you can use the reversibility property01:42:37
if you are pointed in this direction01:42:40
better who are trying to get them together01:42:41
focus they will go further in parallel01:42:43
the same thing if there are rays here01:42:46
converge on the main optical axis01:42:49
focus then they will go there parallel all the way01:42:52
reverse side also works all this01:42:55
erase01:43:19
further01:43:21
The figure shows the progress of a generally point-by-point01:43:24
light source and through a thin lens01:43:27
what is the optical power of the lens taste in01:43:29
diopters rounded to whole numbers01:43:32
Give 2 in diopters01:43:40
but we see that our exact source01:43:44
the ray that goes like this then should01:43:48
refract focus results in focal01:43:52
the distance is one two three 4 5 6 601:43:59
which corresponds to 6 centimeters01:44:02
the fact that one cell is 1 cm01:44:08
she will ask the optical power of the lens01:44:12
The optical power of a lens is measured in01:44:14
dioptres and is equal to 1 divided by this is one divided01:44:17
if transferred to the system01:44:19
700601:44:21
that is, that is the sixth01:44:25
16, yes if you round to whole numbers then01:44:29
approximately 17 and01:44:31
diopter optical power dimension01:44:55
the pencil is perpendicular01:44:57
main optical axis thin collecting01:45:00
lenses at a distance of 50 centimeters from01:45:03
lenses look here is the distance from01:45:06
object to the lens with the letter d01:45:09
indicates the optical power of the lens01:45:12
deep three01:45:14
therefore focus 1 by 1 by 5 that is01:45:21
0 2 meters or 20 centimeters01:45:26
So01:45:28
the height of the pencil image is 0 0 601:45:33
meters height of the image like this01:45:36
denoted by 0 0 6 meters what is equal to01:45:39
the height of the pencil itself, see the question01:45:44
first let me show you how01:45:46
build item we have there focus 2001:45:50
centimeters01:45:52
here's a double trick and you get an object01:45:56
is even further than double focus01:45:59
now we are building two beams one beam01:46:02
passes through the center of the main optical01:46:04
the axis is not refracted, that is, let's01:46:07
I'll draw it green, that is01:46:11
here he goes like this01:46:13
the second beam is parallel to the main one01:46:16
optical axis and it is directed to focus01:46:20
that is, here he goes like this and here is ours01:46:24
the image will look like this01:46:28
that is, it's already01:46:33
image size is very small01:46:36
subject01:46:37
this is the distance from the object to the lens01:46:41
why do we need the letter d01:46:43
distance from lens to image01:46:45
small letter f and for them01:46:49
thin lens formula 1 is fulfilled01:46:52
divide by d plus 1 divide by iv also01:46:55
also similar to this one01:46:57
triangle and this similar one between01:47:00
we can conclude that as much01:47:03
big our little these here01:47:04
quality are treated the same as01:47:07
horizontal legs and because angle01:47:09
here the vertical ones are the same too01:47:11
how to divide ef by d so what do we have here01:47:18
d it would be nice to have flown a little01:47:22
it is equal to 1 divided by f minus 1 divided01:47:25
on d well and with substitution01:47:29
1 divided by 20 minus 1 divided by 5001:47:34
let's count how much we get01:47:40
guys drawing if this is problem 26 not01:47:46
look if it doesn't say do it01:47:48
drawing then drawing is not necessary01:47:50
that's all01:47:59
so 100 thirds01:48:05
it turns out h is equal01:48:08
hd divided by f01:48:12
00601:48:14
50 to 100 and 3 goes up01:48:23
6 but I promise inside01:48:27
[music]01:48:30
00901:48:33
here is the actual size of the item01:48:48
yes, this formula is calcification and01:48:51
no need to withdraw01:48:56
you just multiplied centimeters by meter01:49:01
I'll explain01:49:03
that means I have 103 centimeters here01:49:07
here is a centimeter and ultimately centimeters01:49:10
decreased oh there were meters and meters and01:49:13
stayed so I ran up that I didn't tell you01:49:17
explained but it doesn’t matter here01:49:37
So01:49:38
well everything is clear01:49:48
our physics teacher told us that01:49:52
next year justification will have to be01:49:54
write in each problem in the second part01:49:56
This is true01:50:02
can I keep silent01:50:07
who should I01:50:11
an attack of rabies sometimes occurs when01:50:13
I hear the stories of school teachers01:50:20
this nonsense they talk about01:50:28
it's good that she says something else01:50:32
crazier01:50:35
we will glue you leniently01:50:42
I can I would where she will soon be able to write01:50:45
book of myths and legends01:50:46
physics teachers01:50:49
school teachers physics teachers01:50:57
fairy tales and fables01:51:11
45 years it will be like this and Tamara 801:51:15
I said you didn't listen to me, okay cue01:51:23
so let's move on, thin rod01:51:26
located perpendicular to the main01:51:28
optical axis of a thin collecting lens01:51:31
apparently one end of the rod is on01:51:34
main optical axis01:51:38
image of the rod obtained on the screen01:51:42
with this two and a half lens01:51:43
times larger than the rod itself01:51:46
image two and a half times01:51:48
larger than the focal rod itself01:51:52
distance 1 centimeter01:51:56
at what distance is the rod located?01:51:59
from the lens01:52:03
everything and01:52:05
the thin rod is located01:52:07
perpendicular to the main optical axis01:52:09
that is, here we have a lens and here is a rod01:52:12
is perpendicular, that is, that’s it01:52:14
these points will be located at some01:52:16
same distance01:52:18
let's do something else01:52:28
so we know that as much as h is equal to f by d and01:52:33
it also turns out to be equal to 2 and 5, that is01:52:37
f equals 2 and a half d01:52:39
1 over f equals 1 over d plus 1 divided by f01:52:44
that is, d 1 divided by f equals 1 divided01:52:48
by d plus 1 divided by two and a half d01:52:51
expose it to 2 it to 5 so that with01:52:55
fractions do not deal one to f is equal to01:52:58
[music]01:53:00
7 5 7 years at 5 d01:53:05
so therefore d01:53:10
equals 7 fifths f01:53:16
d equals 14 centimeters01:53:21
Of course, you need to substitute 705 there first01:53:25
by one centimeter, but we already get the answer01:53:33
micrometer why micrometer makar01:53:42
Hello Marina Yuryevna Demidov01:53:44
dear, glad to see you01:53:48
please tell me that there will be 29 problems01:53:51
optics in 26 quantum01:53:57
brotherly01:53:59
purely for those who came in and watched my01:54:02
six hour stream01:54:03
we won't tell anyone01:54:22
collector examine with01:54:24
magnifying glass element stamp and blows its imaginary01:54:27
image enlarged by two s01:54:29
half times01:54:31
two and a half times from apple01:54:34
the element in question is located on01:54:36
at a distance of 4 millimeters from the lamp01:54:40
4 millimeters at what distance from01:54:44
the lens contains his image01:54:49
rf question but with this module01:54:52
because cook guys when we01:54:56
we get a virtual image01:54:59
we place the object closer than the focus01:55:03
that is, look, let’s say you01:55:07
look like this but you want something01:55:10
to make it seem bigger01:55:16
what to do for this01:55:20
you need01:55:22
arrange an object01:55:25
closer than focal length a01:55:30
here's to my relatives01:55:34
the closer you get to the focus I will be01:55:36
get closer01:55:39
there will be more subject01:55:46
after all, I am a man, but I have become, I have increased my01:55:50
nose01:55:51
that is, this is an imaginary image01:55:53
it will be on the same side and01:55:56
won't be upside down01:56:04
Here01:56:09
And01:56:15
let's show how the object behaves01:56:17
what about these rays?01:56:20
they are coming01:56:23
here at this focus to which it is parallel01:56:26
and these rays01:56:29
they are not refracted but it turns out that01:56:32
these rays intersect, you are this and this01:56:36
somewhere behind01:56:37
if the object itself is like that then01:56:41
the image of the object will appear01:56:43
enlarged here and the b-stroke will be01:56:46
so in this case we believe that01:56:49
if we use a thin lens formula01:56:52
that f is negative if in general01:56:56
the image of the object is in the same01:56:59
half plane where the object itself is then we01:57:01
we assume that f is less than 001:57:12
take the magnifying glass, I called because we'll be here for a long time01:57:15
Then01:57:16
I can't stop playing with her01:57:20
in general, what is the point of this whole fable01:57:24
as much as dividing ours is equal to f modulo divide01:57:29
on d equals 2 and a half means f 2 s01:57:36
half of 4 10 millimeters that's all01:57:41
what do you need to know here01:57:56
in millimeters but we had to [ __ ] and01:57:59
our01:58:19
so it all erases01:58:36
so responsible for likes what's there01:58:39
us happening, by the way, what if the lens01:58:42
scattering then my RF is less than zero we take01:58:48
991 likes and I was already afraid of what would happen now01:58:53
1000 likes and01:58:55
will have to discharge to charge01:59:00
no lime yet fortunately01:59:03
yes yes there just if I get thousands01:59:06
likes then01:59:08
I'll have to charge my phone01:59:11
cars, but fortunately there are still some01:59:13
There is not01:59:18
fate saved01:59:21
maybe we won't get it01:59:33
Oh damn01:59:36
why did I say01:59:44
OK01:59:47
words must be kept02:00:10
So02:00:13
are you ready my young sadists, look here02:00:17
that's why you see02:00:20
a spark jumps and you know what I did02:00:23
I'll turn off the lights02:00:27
the world is still populated02:00:35
such as02:00:44
now I'll try02:00:46
[music]02:00:51
for this spark to pass through my fingers02:01:00
these like this through my finger and this one02:01:02
piece02:01:06
creepy02:01:11
sled through the right hand without anything through02:01:15
the heart didn't go up to02:01:19
were he02:01:22
dressed will fall02:01:34
phew02:01:38
Fine02:01:39
you would have seen the spark, I just didn't expect it02:01:44
if those I didn't know what to expect02:01:53
went even better02:02:01
I've already discharged everything02:02:08
bet he's dressed02:02:12
also ask me exactly like this02:02:15
cut themselves02:02:20
there were movies it was pain no02:02:25
there's no point in doing this02:02:28
charging02:02:31
ohhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh02:02:34
that's all I I I asked I cheered up thank you02:02:38
thank you for the likes guys thank you for that02:02:41
How about cheering me up?02:02:57
interesting I don't have through me there on02:03:01
there's really nothing wrong with it because02:03:02
that the electricity passed through purely02:03:05
my finger actually could02:03:09
when Oleg will be held a little02:03:11
another experiment I02:03:15
I'll take Oleg and spread out these balls and02:03:19
electricity throughout Oleg02:03:21
passed that is, so that here is one ball02:03:23
Oleg holds and on the other hand so that he02:03:26
I held my hand exactly like this02:03:28
others passed the current and02:03:30
let's see what happens but for02:03:32
I need an assistant for this02:03:36
ok anyway02:03:38
little by little02:03:40
the format of webinars and bonita goes into02:03:43
I don’t remember such a path of trash streams02:03:47
displacement of streams is prohibited, well, in general02:03:49
let's see what02:03:52
will you bring the final subscriber or02:03:55
goblin has a weaving session there and here he is02:03:58
in general, it’s super from behind, I can’t02:04:02
so ok02:04:05
let's move on02:04:09
a small item is on the main02:04:13
optical axis of a thin collecting lens02:04:15
at double focal length from it02:04:17
how it changes when an object approaches02:04:21
to the focal length of the lens are the following02:04:23
three sizes02:04:24
image size of its distance from02:04:27
lenses optical power02:04:30
it is in dual focus02:04:32
distance02:04:36
look here's what's interesting and especially02:04:40
double focal length02:04:45
so that's what's interesting double crooked02:04:49
on and yours02:04:52
so in general I erase everything02:04:58
little sadists02:05:02
what's interesting about dual focal length02:05:04
look at the distance, you have focus02:05:06
here we have02:05:09
double focus02:05:12
when the subject is in double focus02:05:15
look here the beam is coming02:05:19
Then02:05:21
So02:05:23
So02:05:26
the ray is refracted by focus and02:05:31
here the second ray goes like this and02:05:37
it turns out that they intersect02:05:40
tyutelka tyutelka right here that is02:05:43
the item we will have is the same02:05:45
size in double foxy h is equal to ours if02:05:50
d is equal to 2 and well, according to the thin lens formula02:05:56
if you and I sign02:06:00
one divisor by f in minus 1 palace y02:06:04
we get the image02:06:07
be also in double focus02:06:11
So02:06:13
Well, it turns out that the object is enlarged02:06:18
it won't happen what will happen02:06:21
if we start02:06:24
bring an object closer to the focal point02:06:27
distances by persons02:06:30
look02:06:33
what's happening02:06:36
let me draw it red when02:06:40
I brought it closer, what will change is this one02:06:44
this is how the line went, this is how it goes, that is, it02:06:47
will not change, but this ray02:06:52
it will fall at a large angle and02:06:56
the item will be deleted02:06:59
you see, that is, we will have02:07:01
increase in size02:07:04
us according to the formula only lenses if you02:07:08
paint02:07:10
as d decreases, f increases since02:07:14
on the left there should also be something the same02:07:15
that is, for reducing the EFR then02:07:18
grows and if f grows then it is equal to02:07:23
y divided by d when decreasing yes it is02:07:26
growing means the image will also be02:07:28
it's better to grow up like this02:07:32
remember and work on this02:07:34
similar tasks means size02:07:36
the images will become larger and larger02:07:39
distance from image to lens02:07:42
will increase02:07:44
optical power of the lens but naturally it02:07:46
will not change02:07:48
because it only depends on focus02:07:52
then the answer is 11302:07:55
that's it friends02:07:59
[applause]02:08:21
stream starts at 12 if that's the case02:08:28
so guys, and here the door open your soul02:08:30
such a hut02:08:34
a little bit of air on the shoulder and today02:08:38
there's still no one at all02:09:07
spiral light bulb located located02:09:10
near the main optical axis of the thin02:09:12
diverging lens with focal02:09:14
distance equal in modules to02:09:16
perpendicular to this axis the distance from02:09:18
lenses to spiral less than 2 f but more than f02:09:22
let's draw02:09:24
so less 2f more02:09:30
Well, here are the spirals of a light bulb on with a light bulb02:09:33
here comes the spiral02:09:41
scattering let's build02:09:43
give me the image and put it in a little bit02:09:46
let there be a light bulb like this02:09:49
it turns out that the object itself is a.b.02:09:53
one ray comes here and is not refracted02:09:57
the other one comes here and02:09:59
as if it comes from this focus then02:10:03
it will seem to us that this is it02:10:05
the light bulb is here02:10:08
this is where image 1 will be located02:10:12
b1 is her image02:10:15
that's how it turns out02:10:18
we need it when the lens is diverging in02:10:22
point b it turns out this02:10:24
image but what kind of direct image will it be?02:10:27
there you see where it's pointing there02:10:29
looks and it's straight02:10:31
me my02:10:33
virtual image02:10:35
it is when02:10:38
in the same picture02:10:42
in the same02:10:45
semi plane02:10:49
same thing02:10:52
when in another half-plane it means02:10:56
indeed we depict him02:10:58
we can project it somewhere when I need to02:11:00
mothers simply deliberately complete how02:11:02
like it's there02:11:05
wow this means an imaginary image02:11:08
direct imaginary and reduced what is the size of02:11:12
there will be less of it and it will be better02:11:15
diverging lens it always gives02:11:17
direct in it reduced how would you be there02:11:20
what they didn’t twist will always be wrong02:11:23
always inverted image02:11:25
reduced and always that's all in short02:11:27
such02:11:30
direct02:11:33
reduced third answer option yes but02:11:37
if we replace this thing with a collecting one02:11:40
lens02:11:45
we will replace02:11:48
let's just see what it will be like for us02:11:52
image02:11:55
Means02:11:58
it goes like this02:12:01
it goes like this02:12:04
the image will become02:12:06
enlarged02:12:08
inverted and02:12:12
really and02:12:22
really inverted magnified02:12:25
one02:12:28
By the way, let's pay attention02:12:31
what if we02:12:34
in 2 auto the image is the same, what if02:12:38
further than 2f02:12:42
us image will be reduced02:12:51
such a tan and reduced size02:12:56
inverted02:12:58
really, let's do it this way02:13:01
booze let's show what the image will be like02:13:05
converging lens if02:13:08
the object is closer than the focus, well here it is02:13:11
I've already built this but I want to do it again02:13:13
show so everything is in one place02:13:15
look this one goes like this02:13:21
then focus and02:13:24
this one is not refracted in the end they02:13:27
intersect here, it seems to us that02:13:30
item02:13:33
increased02:13:34
straight02:13:36
imaginary02:13:39
so this is Abe02:13:41
this stroke stroke02:13:46
that is, a collecting lens can give02:13:49
three types image enlarged02:13:51
inverted indeed and when about02:13:53
between focus and double focus02:13:57
enlarged inverted indeed and02:14:00
when more than double foresails are reduced02:14:02
inverted 10 when more than double02:14:05
foxy and02:14:06
magnified direct imaginary when an object02:14:10
are closer to focus02:14:13
draw f02:14:16
here they are02:14:24
this problem has been navi for two years by the way02:14:27
back02:14:33
let's move on02:14:37
to complex geometric optics02:14:41
there will be a break because he is me02:14:44
I feel like I still need him02:14:46
coming soon02:14:47
now let's finish the optics and02:14:50
I'll take a break for a second02:14:56
5 minutes02:15:20
6 o'clock according to errors it seems to me02:15:23
there it is necessary to arrange a 30-hour02:15:26
at least because the error is six02:15:28
you won't pass the clock02:15:33
if the subject is in focus no longer02:15:36
images before so there is there it turns out02:15:40
what are you looking at02:15:43
1 divide by i02:15:46
plus 1 divided by f if you stream d02:15:51
to focus left02:15:55
you can do it02:16:00
that one on f minus May 19 with a minus02:16:06
this is a very small difference02:16:10
and it is positive02:16:13
they she is negative it turns out f minus02:16:17
minus f long02:16:22
that is, f minus is slightly less than02:16:25
focus that is, it follows that f02:16:27
tend to minus infinity02:16:34
this is what will happen to you02:16:36
if you have fk plus a little more than02:16:39
focus yes then your f tends to plus02:16:43
infinity02:16:48
well, in fact, you focus the subject02:16:52
you won't be able to focus on the screen02:16:53
because the image is on the screen02:16:56
deliver very far02:17:01
so okay let's02:17:25
stronger physics in the profile to sleep too02:17:32
that would be cool02:17:34
but not this year his life02:17:37
the ball is suspended on a thread and makes02:17:41
oscillations at the extreme points a and b lie on02:17:43
optical axis of the collecting lens projection02:17:46
the ball's equilibrium point is at02:17:48
distance root of 5 from the first focus02:17:51
lens distance from it to the extreme points02:17:54
equals 1 centimeter between images02:17:57
explain the extreme points of the converging lens02:18:00
distance between the extreme images02:18:02
points equals 2 centimeters find02:18:05
lens optical power02:18:23
so I have a suspicion that02:18:28
so let's02:18:42
here we have02:18:46
icon like this02:18:50
this is f02:18:53
this turns out to be f + root of 5 but02:18:58
I mean this is the distance at02:19:01
this and the taste of the root of 5 is obtained here02:19:04
this is the distance f + root of 502:19:13
so this minus 1 centimeter02:19:23
this is the distance02:19:26
f + root of 5 + 102:19:31
Well, it turns out that let’s give this point02:19:35
let's call them already named b.a.02:19:40
then it turns out 1 divided by the top exactly02:19:44
one divide plus 1 divide by and that is f02:19:49
b equals 1 divisive f minus one02:19:52
divisor by db02:19:55
such of I was given a02:19:58
turnouts and recently02:20:00
but I won't look02:20:07
ok02:20:14
distance between images02:20:17
let's think if we have02:20:20
the object is further away then it02:20:22
the image is closer, that is02:20:25
the b-stroke image will be here02:20:28
image stroke will be here02:20:30
therefore fb stroke is less than f a stroke02:20:36
fb for less than something02:20:40
but there it will naturally be upside down02:20:45
it turns out02:20:50
we are given that the distance between02:20:53
images two centimeters that is f a02:20:55
minus fb 2 centimeters they still need02:21:01
here it turns out f is 11 9 plus 102:21:05
divide by d that is 1 divided by 10 c02:21:10
minus 1 divided by f02:21:14
+ root of 5 minus 1 minus02:21:19
11 visible iv minus02:21:23
plus root of 5 plus 1 equals 202:21:29
but actually it’s just linear02:21:31
the equation is essentially02:21:34
[ __ ] me of course02:21:51
so and02:22:00
plus root of 502:22:03
boss02:22:09
this led to a common denominator02:22:12
denominator02:22:15
minus02:22:17
f by i plus root of causes plus one02:22:23
root of 502:22:25
minus f02:22:31
equals 202:22:42
so this is the root of 5 minus 1 so that02:22:46
get rid of well lead to the general02:22:47
denominator02:22:48
bottom 5 plus 1 sorry02:22:54
graduate they fit on top of each other02:22:57
So02:23:00
what comes out02:23:04
squared02:23:08
plus f to the root of 5 minus 102:23:13
to the root of 502:23:16
plus 102:23:18
minus f squared plus f to the root of 5 +02:23:25
102:23:27
5 min root from India02:23:37
So02:23:41
root is pretty plus 1 by and squared02:23:46
plus02:23:48
f02:23:51
5 minus 1 4 by 4 minus f squared by02:23:57
root of 5 minus 1 minus02:24:01
4 divide02:24:03
by 402:24:07
1202:24:09
so it's shrinking02:24:15
[music]02:24:19
it turns out02:24:21
root of 5 root of 5 is reduced02:24:26
f + is two and squared is equal to02:24:32
8f squared by 4 f equals 2 centimeters02:24:54
[music]02:25:01
1 2 equals02:25:04
why are 1 2 not one side all02:25:08
right02:25:19
what vitamins would I recommend taking haze02:25:25
I didn't turn over the fractions02:25:32
can't digest anything here with me02:25:35
so I just set it up and here I led to02:25:40
in general, yes, I’ll tell you in more detail one02:25:43
here f + root of 5 minus 1 minus f02:25:49
divide by RF by turnout with root of 5 minus02:25:53
102:25:56
if 1 is divided by this fraction then it’s simple02:26:00
turns over that's all so that's all02:26:02
right it's not 1 2 equals02:26:04
why are a1 and b1 located the way they are?02:26:08
on the contrary because02:26:10
according to the formula thin lenses with removal02:26:14
subject02:26:16
the image is zooming in so that's all02:26:19
equaled a constant value, this is 2902:26:22
number in game02:26:25
through magnification02:26:30
probably possible, but I don’t even know why02:26:39
why do you need this increase02:26:46
by the way, find those optical powers02:26:49
let's tempted02:26:52
1 divided by f02:26:55
1 divided by zero zero02:26:59
250 diol 302:27:13
tags02:27:28
go ahead02:27:33
and you need it when you have its formula on a piece of paper02:27:35
write substitute or you can immediately in02:27:37
braid the answer look at the rules02:27:40
registration02:27:42
when do you substitute02:27:44
I should definitely put it here02:27:48
just instead of a letter, I imagined it in02:27:50
the end already02:27:52
[music]02:27:54
yeah, well, when you set it up, it’s already possible02:27:58
enter the calculation into the calculator02:28:05
I erase all this02:29:21
I02:29:23
I want to see how many people I need and02:29:26
Why are there so few new subscribers?02:29:31
in the cart02:29:34
get at least 5 thousand02:29:56
where is the electric shock and I've already had the electric shock02:30:01
the peace has already dissipated02:30:03
grandpa drink he can't see well up close because of02:30:06
farsightedness for reading books on02:30:08
best vision distance 2502:30:11
centimeters and02:30:15
I have to use my glasses by force02:30:18
2 and a half diopters02:30:25
if the object is located closer than 2502:30:28
centimeters for example at a distance of 1502:30:30
centimeters02:30:36
what glasses with what optical power02:30:39
grandfathers will have to wear02:30:43
look at grandpa's eye02:30:49
Grandfather's eyes have some kind of optical02:30:52
the power of the lens is what the eye essentially is02:30:54
also a lens that focuses02:30:56
image on the retina and to02:31:00
he wouldn't have to feel comfortable02:31:02
strain like this like this like this02:31:05
to strain his eyes he uses glasses02:31:08
let's draw one such point02:31:12
it turns out because the optical power02:31:14
positively this is a point-collector and02:31:17
it turns out d102:31:20
plus d2 for02:31:24
equal to02:31:26
1 divided by02:31:28
d1 plus 1 divided by f and the retina02:31:33
is always on the same02:31:35
distance you can't move02:31:37
the retina of the eye is so ok fat if02:31:40
struck great and flattened my eye no02:31:43
that doesn't happen in general distance02:31:45
always between the pupil and retina02:31:47
is the same, so his f does not change02:31:50
and now he put on another [ __ ] and02:31:55
moved closer02:31:58
the object to find d2 must be subtracted from02:32:02
lower 2 and then immediately both dg and retina02:32:05
will go away that is b 2 minus 1 is02:32:10
1 by 2 minus 1, etc.02:32:15
it turns out d2 equals d1 plus 12 minus 102:32:22
Where02:32:23
let's substitute 2 and a half diopters02:32:26
1 means d2 is necessary02:32:30
damn let's change the variable02:32:35
d1 d202:32:38
then I'll get confused02:32:41
that's how it turns out02:32:46
one on one02:32:48
d20 15 so that everything is exactly on02:32:52
-1 divided by 0 25 here02:33:04
2 and 502:33:06
plus 1 divided by 0 1502:33:12
minus 1 divided by zero 2502:33:18
this is the optical power02:33:22
didn't work out 5,02:33:25
[music]02:33:26
6 and 7 167 diopters02:33:35
[applause]02:33:46
so everyone understands guys02:33:50
back to the cart nuka nuka let's see02:33:57
again thousands of subscribers02:34:00
e-e-e02:34:06
Thank you02:34:20
Sanya, you have a boost, what do you think about this?02:34:22
topics02:34:24
I'm specially holding 2 this year02:34:27
six o'clock so that you have02:34:29
6 hours to inspect the tasks and02:34:32
6 hours to do yes homework02:34:35
the task is why I have 2 6 hour strips02:34:54
if the diverging lens were02:34:58
the optical power would be less than zero with02:35:06
using the lens on the screen we got a clear02:35:09
image of a candle flame having02:35:11
height02:35:14
15 centimeters02:35:16
moved the candle away from the lens02:35:20
one and a half centimeters02:35:23
one and a half centimeters and02:35:28
moving the screen got a clear02:35:30
image of candle flames still having02:35:32
height 10 cm02:35:37
find the height of the candles if focal02:35:40
lens distance 18 meters02:35:45
candle height02:35:53
That02:35:58
it was necessary here02:36:05
so well02:36:07
what02:36:13
here we had some kind of image02:36:15
such02:36:17
as much as this02:36:22
d is f02:36:26
it turns out02:36:40
h but these are so Pasha that is a cage02:36:45
small just like the Russian Federation refers to d02:36:53
in this case we have02:36:57
h1 is related to the same as f102:37:02
gd02:37:05
h2 is to small the same as f202:37:09
g.b.02:37:11
we moved away02:37:16
pushed back to02:37:25
nights tf decreased02:37:43
so I have a fight02:38:08
I can find it twice02:38:11
why do I need h1 then02:38:14
I may be misunderstanding the condition02:38:21
moving the candle away from the lens02:38:24
distance02:38:34
this damn wording is oblique and incomprehensible02:38:38
distance from candle to lens02:38:43
or moved at a distance02:38:47
another one and a half centimeters02:38:50
that this probably changes the conditions02:38:55
it was implied if as I understand it02:38:58
initially we don’t need h1 but02:39:01
if so02:39:03
moved another centimeter and a half02:39:06
then you need then here d plus b02:39:17
then it will be useful ok02:39:26
so therefore d.m.02:39:39
For what02:39:40
ff1 won't be useful02:39:43
where will I need it02:39:55
what nonsense to do then02:40:09
aif is 11 liters plus 1 divided by 202:40:33
do a little02:40:43
let's improve fate, let's express it02:40:55
And02:40:56
let's substitute here02:41:00
but this02:41:03
ff by f minus and02:41:08
that is, h1 by h is equal to02:41:13
ff1 to f1 minus f02:41:20
oh and there after02:41:23
f102:41:26
ff102:41:31
f1 minus f02:41:34
here02:41:42
f202:41:50
but its minus f02:41:53
but ff202:41:58
So02:42:03
it is not known h1 h2 it is known to impose and02:42:10
right here d + f so let's do it then02:42:16
So02:42:29
I'm stupid02:42:37
this is bjj b02:42:42
no cheat02:43:04
so I do this02:43:06
confused02:43:09
damn I'm confused02:43:14
variables02:43:31
what do I have I don't have even a small one02:43:35
this is bad02:44:05
it's 6 now02:44:09
for autumn02:44:10
Well, in general, in such cases you can simply02:44:15
create a system of equations if not02:44:19
it turns out in general terms to solve immediately02:44:21
you can just write down all the equations02:44:24
which you have and substitute the numbers and02:44:27
then think about how there is something through them02:44:29
let's express it this way in this case02:44:31
let's do that, that is, we know that there is h102:44:35
on h is equal to f1 on d and it is also known that02:44:41
one by f equals02:44:43
10 plus 1 on d02:44:46
on f1 we also know that there are as many as two on02:44:52
ashik equals f2 on02:44:55
di1 9 phrases but one of 2 plus 1 divided by02:45:00
b plus b and02:45:03
that's when in general terms sometimes02:45:06
somehow you understand somehow02:45:09
you don't get it sometimes how to set it up02:45:13
how to express it so purely if02:45:15
see how many unknowns we have02:45:17
here we have as many unknowns here02:45:20
small02:45:22
f1 f2 and d we have four unknowns and 402:45:28
equations, that is, it is absolutely possible02:45:31
mindlessly express from one equation and02:45:34
substitute in the rest, well, actually02:45:37
why not do that02:45:39
Here02:45:41
so here d + business02:45:47
maybe, let's say02:45:50
slowly get rid of excess02:45:52
variables as much as, for example, equal to h1 d divide02:45:57
on f1 and we will have three equations below02:46:01
already with three unknowns one on f02:46:04
1 and f 1 plus 1 when02:46:08
h, by the way, this variable is us like02:46:12
times asked to find02:46:16
maybe I can express something else here?02:46:25
So02:46:29
we are asked about the task your question is how02:46:33
once find the height of the candle02:46:37
maybe the numbers just suck and that’s it02:46:41
give us numbers and a bath and so on for a long time02:46:45
I'll sit02:46:46
15 divide our equals f 1 divide by d here02:46:53
a bunch of generally unknown people in one02:46:54
equation 3 unknown02:47:01
ok here02:47:04
118 equals one myth 1 plus 1 divided by d02:47:08
here 10 to h is equal to v202:47:15
on d plus one and a half02:47:18
1 divided by 18 is equal to 1 divided by and in 202:47:22
plus 1 divided by d plus one and a half02:47:28
So02:47:33
f102:47:34
[music]02:47:41
so look, f1 definitely pisses us off02:47:44
participates like this, I wrote it down and I felt02:47:46
it's easier to think that is, let's get rid of02:47:48
from f1 and f202:47:51
f1 is 15d divided by h and02:47:58
substitute in the second we will have two02:48:00
already equation 1 divided by 15 d h plus 102:48:07
divide by yes02:48:09
here we express f202:48:12
that's 10d + one and a half02:48:16
divide by02:48:18
h1 1802:48:21
1 divide by 10d + 15 by h plus 1 divide02:48:28
on d plus one and a half02:48:31
well great, there are two left02:48:33
equations this is this and this is now02:48:36
Well, ideally express from here let's02:48:39
from this we can express d02:48:42
well, if you take it out of brackets 1 1 1802:48:47
equals 1 divided by d02:48:50
h 15 plus 102:48:54
that is one02:48:56
18 equals h plus 15 divided by 15 d means02:49:03
m02:49:07
18 h plus 1502:49:10
divide everything by 15 and substitute it into this02:49:14
the equation we will have is one unknown02:49:17
so 1 1802:49:21
h divide by02:49:27
180 h plus 1502:49:30
divide by 15 plus 1502:49:35
plus 1 divided by02:49:38
18 h02:49:48
plus 1502:49:52
9 by 15 plus one and a half, that's all02:49:57
in fact, we now have one02:49:58
variable02:50:02
long ago now one variable02:50:09
That02:50:23
what can we do here02:50:30
[music]02:50:42
let's convert02:50:57
1 1802:51:00
h divide by02:51:10
By the way, this is ten times different02:51:12
Let's02:51:20
for real 10 times, that is, here 10 here02:51:25
that is, I can just multiply by 1002:51:28
I will have a numerator and denominator02:51:30
the denominator is the same02:51:32
10 turns out to be 108 experience + 15 + 1502:51:37
great it turns out h plus 10 here in02:51:42
denominator and02:51:43
here and there 180 h + 15 +02:51:50
15 squared and this is 15 below02:51:55
go up02:51:57
Here you go02:52:03
it turns out02:52:04
18002:52:12
the participant can, in principle, be reduced02:52:15
by 302:52:24
I don’t want to do it like that, ok then02:52:28
180 h plus 180 by 15 plus 15 square then02:52:38
cross equal02:52:40
1518 by h plus 1002:52:47
it turns out02:52:50
[music]02:52:55
h15 by 18 minus02:52:59
180 equals 180 times 15 plus 15 squared02:53:05
minus 15 18 by 10 well that's it02:53:11
calculator case02:53:22
So02:53:25
table 802:53:28
1502:53:29
plus 15 square02:53:33
Cute02:53:35
minus 1502:53:38
until 18 1002:53:46
1502:53:49
minus 18002:53:52
and a half02:54:00
centimeter by can be added02:54:10
Well, maybe it could be easier somehow02:54:13
maybe I should have found it first02:54:15
some other variable then it would be02:54:17
it was easier to do I don't know the guys in02:54:20
in general02:54:22
I did this and it seems like some of you02:54:26
there was also such an answer02:54:36
even Arthur02:54:40
it was necessary to separate it was necessary to search from thin02:54:44
lenses02:54:53
[music]02:54:56
but they made it shorter02:55:02
I still don’t get it, it went there02:55:27
Guys, help for my calculator02:55:30
there is a video on my channel this year02:55:34
came out where is the new one eat link to the new one02:55:37
you can find a help calculator for the game here02:55:41
find it and download and print this02:55:44
demand02:56:09
isosceles right triangle02:56:11
a b c with an area of 50 square centimeters02:56:17
50 centimeters square02:56:20
located in front of a thin converging lens02:56:23
so its side c lies on the main02:56:25
optical axis of the lens focal length02:56:28
50 centimeter lenses02:56:33
the vertices of the right angle c lies further02:56:36
the center of the lens is less than the vertex of an acute angle a02:56:39
distance from the center of the lens to point a02:56:41
equal to twice the focal length02:56:44
lenses02:56:46
da2 and that is that centimeters02:56:52
[music]02:56:55
construct an image of a triangle and02:56:57
find the area of the resulting figure02:57:03
isosceles02:57:04
isosceles triangle02:57:11
So02:57:14
tekz02:57:18
well, it's isosceles02:57:20
they don't honor02:57:22
b here b it's double focus it's simple02:57:28
focus02:57:29
this means this one is better than the one she has here02:57:33
the hypotenuse goes like this02:57:46
df02:57:49
maybe draw it like this in parallel02:57:53
means the focal plane is like this02:57:55
will intersect02:57:59
this is how this case will go later02:58:04
to find it let's show the red ones02:58:08
top point02:58:10
to find this we will build like this02:58:13
additional constructions02:58:16
that is, here we have. b-stroke and to buy a02:58:23
. A02:58:28
will be located here too on02:58:31
the main optical axis and the stroke and here is our02:58:35
triangle02:58:38
Well, I actually built it02:58:47
further02:58:51
one on f equals 11 plus 1 on02:58:57
f&f point n02:59:00
11 to f minus 10 to02:59:04
10 to minus 1 to 2 and02:59:08
it turns out also 2nd in short02:59:12
in general, this one. is also in02:59:15
dual focus which is not surprising02:59:21
now where is point b on what02:59:24
distance02:59:26
d b02:59:28
equals02:59:29
2f plus b since the area of this02:59:35
triangle 1 2 b squared02:59:37
therefore b is the root of 2 c02:59:43
that is, it would be the root of 2 by 50 that is02:59:48
10 centimeters02:59:52
that is, it turns out02:59:56
102 to 5002:59:59
plus 10 110 centimeters a03:00:05
at point b03:00:08
15003:00:10
-1 on03:00:11
[music]03:00:13
110 we started to write down in general terms03:00:16
naturally03:00:17
at point b03:00:19
103:00:24
we can do the math03:00:40
crooked answer is enough here03:00:43
75 third03:00:46
centimeter03:00:50
that's how I believe now03:01:03
there was an area03:01:07
I was like, okay, that’s probably all03:01:10
that's right, that is, this is the distance03:01:14
this is fb03:01:19
it turns out that this one is rolling, let's go03:01:22
I’ll denote this one by x and this one by y03:01:26
here it rolls x is 2 and minus03:01:31
fb03:01:33
that is, this03:01:37
102 is written to represent minus03:01:41
275 third03:01:47
different 25 thirds03:01:50
centimeters03:01:53
height y refers to b03:01:58
just like but this is what I mean03:02:01
little porridge you can't see it03:02:09
also applies to03:02:15
fbk d.b.03:02:20
therefore y is equal to b fb by d b b03:02:27
we have 10 fb03:02:32
275 third and03:02:34
db03:02:38
11003:02:42
we think03:02:47
There is03:02:50
more03:02:52
divide by 3 divide by 11003:02:58
803:03:00
too 2303:03:03
Amazing03:03:06
means area03:03:09
Images03:03:11
1203:03:14
x y03:03:17
1 2 25 thirds03:03:21
at 25 thirds03:03:32
approximately equal to 34 72 centimeters square03:03:38
It is necessary to indicate the size03:03:46
I area is not the same because03:03:51
he's closer to us now ugh double focus03:03:54
the area will become smaller03:04:01
guys, this is a very big task03:04:03
may be on the exam03:04:05
please pay attention to it03:04:38
the expert will not punish if the calculations are not all03:04:41
no problem, the main thing is just yourself03:04:44
keep an eye on the dimensions during the process03:04:46
solutions03:04:50
all the news03:05:22
guys again for efficiency03:05:24
of this six-hour stream was03:05:26
you definitely need to decide about the maximum03:05:29
tasks from last year's 6 hour03:05:31
stream, that is, I have last year's03:05:33
same stream, similar tasks there03:05:37
only with others clean, that's a must03:05:39
you decide about it03:05:42
point for constructions before in general if in03:05:44
the assignment has the wording to build03:05:46
the image you built will be delivered to you03:05:49
ball03:05:51
The telescope has a lens with a focal length03:05:53
1 meter distance03:05:58
1 meter f1 thread and03:06:03
eyepiece with focal length 503:06:05
centimeters03:06:08
centimeters if you remove the screen from03:06:12
eyepiece03:06:13
up to a distance of one and a half meters03:06:21
screen03:06:25
fragrant not one and a half minutes of luck and it's like03:06:28
f2 I'll write down03:06:30
one and a half meters03:06:33
then you can get an image of the sun03:06:37
diameter 25 centimeters03:06:44
25 centimeters03:06:47
find the angular diameter of the sun from these03:06:52
minutes round to the nearest whole number03:06:55
just darning03:06:59
children03:07:02
angular diameter of the sun at what angle03:07:07
falls03:07:09
not very much and at what angle sometimes03:07:12
cherry03:07:13
look here you look at the sun03:07:17
our sun is not like that03:07:21
just imagine that the center is the main one03:07:24
optical axis faces the bottom03:07:26
sun03:07:28
this03:07:32
and here are the rays falling from some point03:07:36
they are in the sun but essentially everything is under one03:07:39
now let me draw it here03:07:42
you have03:07:45
this lens03:07:51
and imagine that we are just from03:07:53
the highest point to teach the rays we send here03:07:55
only from the top create its key03:07:57
falls like this03:08:01
like this03:08:05
so here it is03:08:12
Of course we'll lose a lot of time then03:08:15
it will be more clear for here and03:08:25
what it seems03:08:27
lens on a small scale if you03:08:31
here to consider for the lens03:08:33
it turns out the top03:08:36
thing in the sun03:08:38
falls under parallel rays to whom these03:08:41
rays on a large format they seem03:08:43
dad, in parallel, everyone will fall on the lens03:08:46
it will feel like03:08:49
parallel rays fall and they will03:08:51
focus the focal plane too03:08:53
indeed, if according to the thin formula03:08:55
lenses at03:08:56
us d tends to infinity03:09:00
then where is the distance03:09:03
the image comes into focus03:09:06
that is, what does this all lead to?03:09:10
this ray doesn’t help you like that03:09:13
refracted03:09:14
Let's say this is where the focus is and03:09:18
you will be focused here03:09:21
image of the sun03:09:22
first image layer understand03:09:25
let's have it with us03:09:29
there I don’t know what size we might need03:09:32
and don't need it, let it be, let's give it03:09:34
letter03:09:36
b I'll call this the height will be b and03:09:42
it turns out this is the angle you know03:09:46
all angles03:09:47
the angle at which the sun falls is and03:09:50
is the angular diameter of the sun, that is, us03:09:53
they ask you to find this very corner03:09:58
and this angle is alpha03:10:00
this one is rolling with03:10:07
so this is tangent alpha tangent alpha03:10:11
equals b divided by f everyone understands guys03:10:15
that is, here we focused this03:10:18
a little sun but so that this sun03:10:22
then project it onto the screen we have03:10:24
another lens and03:10:26
here we are looking at this sun, well here03:10:32
I don't know us anymore03:10:35
the focus is different, of course, let it be f203:10:39
is here and03:10:40
that's what we have in common03:10:44
2203:10:47
than it falls like that and03:10:50
it falls like this03:10:53
here we get a zoom03:10:56
image of the sun03:11:01
some bigger and03:11:05
already the size of a large one03:11:09
as big and in this case it turns out as much03:11:14
divide by b is equal03:11:24
f203:11:27
divide03:11:29
f2 this is this distance03:11:31
divide by03:11:33
this is it, this is it now03:11:35
the distance is where we are now03:11:43
let's look at the conditions again03:11:46
telescope has03:11:48
focal length lens03:11:51
1 meter distance and03:11:56
eyepiece with focal length 503:11:58
centimeters03:12:00
if you remove the screen03:12:04
from the eyepiece03:12:28
I'm missing something03:12:52
maybe it's not necessary03:12:59
f2 is03:13:04
let it just let's ask03:13:06
indicated by this distance d and03:13:11
1 divide by f203:13:14
1 divided by d03:13:17
plus 1 divided by f203:13:21
so now from here I can express b and03:13:24
it is equal to f tangent alpha03:13:27
I put it here and03:13:30
from here I can express yes well everything everything03:13:35
great 1 divided by f minus 1 personally03:13:39
at 203:13:40
well, let's just count d small03:13:44
one divisor by03:13:47
f2 it turns out this03:13:51
005 -1 divided by one and a half03:13:57
let's calculate how much it will be03:14:03
103:14:06
1 divided by 0 05 mm03:14:12
long point laugh03:14:23
so this is our distance and03:14:27
now we have everything ready to set up03:14:30
here this is this I put here and here03:14:35
they're looking for so much space I haven't used it yet03:14:38
to divide so the dashboard asks me to divide03:14:42
on f tangent alpha03:14:45
equals f 2 divided by d03:14:49
that is, alpha is equal to the arctangent03:14:54
at03:14:59
d03:15:02
ff203:15:03
well, let's substitute the numbers of arc03:15:08
tangent03:15:11
02503:15:14
d0 051703:15:20
pff what do I have here here I have f103:15:24
I'm sorry I forgot to sign03:15:29
pcs f-103:15:32
f103:15:34
1 on f2 one and a half03:15:38
so let's see03:15:48
the tangent will be03:15:51
2503:15:55
1703:15:57
by one and a half03:16:04
04903:16:07
0 494 let's give the degree of this angle03:16:12
sun we can get help03:16:15
telescope03:16:17
generally through a telescope into the sun through03:16:21
It's better not to look at the telescope because03:16:25
number of views in this case03:16:27
will be limited to twice left and right03:16:30
there will be nothing further to look at with the eye03:16:36
we're keeping everything on schedule grandpa03:16:39
in general, even close to the course of the webinar on 703:16:42
hours03:16:46
So03:16:55
there he asks for minutes03:17:00
give the answer in a minute but really03:17:03
these were the formulations before03:17:05
now you can do whatever you want, but if in03:17:07
minutes is 60 times more03:17:11
that is03:17:13
alpha let's do it the same03:17:17
29 shot down 6 minutes03:17:32
guys now I'll take this for a second03:17:38
give me 5 seconds I'll be back03:17:43
I'll even turn off the sound because we haven't yet03:17:46
so close03:19:10
I'm just going back dear03:19:17
Here03:19:22
high03:19:28
because of you I want to take physics at least in03:19:30
incomplete yes it doesn’t give a [ __ ] at all 0 not 0 no03:19:34
if you work with me you03:19:36
you will reach the peaks get there dear how03:19:38
mountains03:19:40
you will know yoga higher than the mountains03:19:46
tax planning moving forward03:19:58
And such a cool puzzle about a telescope03:20:02
interesting03:20:45
shocked until03:20:51
How many03:20:55
I03:21:06
gentleman 7 problems on a diffraction grating and03:21:09
how does 5 manage03:21:12
let's get the frame03:21:26
counter for ba ba shu03:21:30
drink willingly03:21:33
I only like tea03:21:43
one second brothers03:21:53
the years take their toll03:21:56
I can't prophesy03:22:14
I can't get coffee right down the line03:22:17
stands on a diffraction grating03:22:20
I won’t surround you in diffraction now03:22:24
in detail03:22:25
tell me something about how it is in general03:22:28
some two sources which03:22:31
fluctuates fluctuates with the same03:22:35
frequency with identical phases in general03:22:38
competitor coherent is called03:22:40
common-mode sources there in general03:22:43
they are all the same, if these03:22:46
sources here they are, here they are03:22:48
emit a wave like this into space and03:22:51
this one emits a wave03:22:53
turns out in . where is one wave03:22:57
superimposed on the second, let's do some more now03:23:00
this one draws at this point, let's say yes03:23:04
here we will appear03:23:08
maximum interference as you can imagine03:23:10
here are two drops 2 drops owned03:23:14
these waves are so fluctuating03:23:17
overlap each other in these03:23:20
points get such a maximum and03:23:22
maximums if you put a screen here03:23:25
this is already my enlightenment speaking here too03:23:28
there will be a maximum of conditions03:23:30
maximum so that03:23:32
the course of this wave or one of them here03:23:35
a wave or two were different from each other03:23:40
so that the stroke difference is equal to the length03:23:44
waves if they differ by wavelength03:23:47
then here is one wavelength and here is the second one03:23:51
like this it comes then they are in this03:23:53
point are amplified if the path difference03:23:56
it will be like this they will strengthen each other03:23:57
friend and these are the maximum conditions03:24:00
interference that is03:24:02
This03:24:04
an integer number of waves or, in other words,03:24:08
even number semi in he is a condition03:24:12
maximum03:24:15
if they come in antiphase03:24:18
that is, here he is like this in03:24:22
the opposite side03:24:23
are there for this we have a difference03:24:27
progress03:24:28
should be equal03:24:32
odd number of half-waves 2k + 1 or 2 k03:24:36
-1 and note that here03:24:42
the order of the maximum is to a03:24:48
here it's a minimum order03:24:52
it's simple03:24:55
some odd number03:24:57
treat it like a menu number no03:25:00
it's just some odd number03:25:02
think for yourself where the first one is03:25:04
at least where 2 buckwheat03:25:08
yes and this is the thing03:25:12
called the wave path difference03:25:15
difference03:25:17
progress03:25:19
waves03:25:26
and this is the optical difference03:25:30
wave progress03:25:31
she03:25:33
if you are among03:25:35
it increases in rate03:25:38
refraction times in the medium03:25:43
wave progress03:25:47
increases by n times the indicator03:25:52
refraction times03:25:56
So03:25:58
Well, what did the project say, that is, if you are there03:26:01
in the liquid you have these two points03:26:03
are found then the wave input will be greater than03:26:07
if you were just in a vacuum the same thing03:26:09
does03:26:11
their chok chok chok you are my teacher03:26:20
so okay and you know it turns out if03:26:28
so all conditions were not shown max conditions03:26:31
let's talk about now03:26:33
diffraction gratings03:26:37
In general, you can talk about diffraction gratings03:26:39
tell a lot and in detail03:26:42
but this will probably be superfluous because03:26:46
recent years diffraction gratings03:26:48
occurs quite limited03:26:50
range of tasks03:26:52
means what you need to know03:26:54
firstly, what is the lattice period?03:26:58
distance but let's between the centers here03:27:01
these cracks, this is called a period03:27:04
lattice translation03:27:06
gratings, of course you can think there03:27:10
distance from the edge of this to the beginning of this03:27:12
Well, there can be different calculations in general03:27:14
the meaning does not change from this period03:27:16
gratings03:27:17
to find the lattice period you can03:27:20
take the length of the lattice and divide by03:27:23
number of lines or on the grid03:27:30
n quantity03:27:33
strokes and03:27:37
it turns out that the period is the goal divided by03:27:40
n and when some ray falls on you03:27:48
Now, if we just have one beam first, let's03:27:50
let's talk on the screen then you will have03:27:54
get the maximum here here here here03:27:57
be at maximum and03:27:59
zero order to equal zero that is03:28:02
here and white there, that's if you are white03:28:05
it falls on the spectrum, but03:28:08
here will be the maximum of the first03:28:10
at some angle03:28:13
name1 and d sine x03:28:17
equal to 0 to03:28:20
that is, it turns out that the sine of the angle03:28:27
is proportional to the wavelength thus03:28:30
it turns out that03:28:33
red color will be refracted under03:28:37
high angle03:28:39
than some purple one from which03:28:43
begins03:28:46
this is this this is of the first order03:28:49
just because of the wavelength because of the length03:28:52
Will the waves have different angles?03:28:57
Well, there we can go further03:29:01
second order maximum blue here03:29:04
there's red here03:29:07
vodka equals 203:29:14
here the spectrum is also decomposed into03:29:17
diffraction grating03:29:19
actually about the diffraction grating here03:29:21
this is the only formula you need03:29:23
need to know for sine and calendo if03:29:26
you have a diffraction grating on03:29:31
a beam of rays falls on her and03:29:36
there is a lens here03:29:39
you're so [ __ ] what the hell and here you are03:29:42
focal length03:29:44
there is a screen03:29:47
then I can of course explain in detail but03:29:50
take it as if it's easy03:29:55
you just have this ray03:29:59
falls in the center and you also have fairies03:30:04
only here there will be a distance03:30:06
now that's it and everything is as usual03:30:08
decide03:30:10
can you describe in detail there?03:30:12
happens but I don't want to spend it on it03:30:13
time there in general everything is the same just03:30:16
not this is the distance you take03:30:17
the distance between the lens and the screen is03:30:21
if we have a large number of rays03:30:22
they will also be there first order second03:30:25
third order and so on and they are like this03:30:27
at certain angles they will be03:30:30
this year 6 hours this school year03:30:33
this is the last 6 hours before the exam then03:30:35
very soon03:30:42
I studied Mechanics and Mathematics and so there03:30:45
it turns out that all the sections I studied in general03:30:49
course03:30:51
well I specialized in03:30:54
mechanics03:30:56
very specific mechanics on03:30:58
hydromechanics that is, how are you at first03:31:01
you just go through all the sections in love03:31:04
any physics university and then you plunge03:31:07
in some specific place here I am03:31:09
mekhmat plunged because I was on03:31:11
Department of Fluid Mechanics Yakunin plunged03:31:14
everything related to liquid dipped yes03:31:17
it turns out if you went to the department there03:31:20
I don’t know elasticity, then that’s all you would do03:31:22
connected with elasticity and all that, but03:31:27
there are many of us departments03:31:37
and what about this vodka?03:31:40
this is the maximum number03:31:44
in this case03:31:49
Another lemon General Secretary will be absolutely gorgeous03:31:55
Chelsea03:31:59
let's decide03:32:02
what is the probability of the task getting on03:32:05
optical instruments03:32:08
I don’t know the guys, they used to be very loved03:32:11
give [ __ ] up every year03:32:13
a camera, some kind of telescope, but03:32:17
before this is about 10 years ago last years in03:32:20
basically just gives some lenses03:32:23
or there are lenses where something vibrates03:32:26
this is how the pendulum remember we solved it03:32:29
look at the lenses like this or come on, what?03:32:32
It will be this year, I think it’s optical03:32:34
devices are less likely03:32:37
lenses are more likely but we'll see03:32:40
what will happen in reality03:32:41
maybe they will give a big refraction03:32:44
probability03:32:52
yes, well, since this is the number to the maximum03:32:55
forever in general of course03:33:01
we go further to the diffraction grating with03:33:04
period 1, 2 micrometers03:33:09
monochromatic light falls normally03:33:12
highest diffraction order03:33:14
the maximum that can be obtained for a given03:33:16
system is equal to two03:33:18
k maximum is 2 find the length03:33:22
waves of monochromatic light03:33:26
wavelength question03:33:37
then look03:33:39
here we have such a thing03:33:42
d sine alpha equals potassium yes yes and03:33:47
for all k the condition must be satisfied03:33:51
that the sine is alpha of all visible to the sine03:33:56
alpha is less than one because even if03:33:59
is already equal to units if alpha is 90 degrees03:34:02
then he goes into infinity and we don’t03:34:05
we'll see this maximum so let's03:34:07
from here we express sine alpha03:34:10
market lam to devote to d it turns out kolyan03:34:14
you need to divide by less than 103:34:18
therefore Linda is less than d divide03:34:21
on to03:34:29
before03:34:31
what is this now03:34:40
it turns out this is the inequality for k03:34:46
maximum fulfilled03:34:49
hence to03:34:51
maximum lambda should be divided less03:34:55
units a for k maximum plus one not03:35:02
is carried out so that this is the maximum03:35:05
order that is to maximum + 1 0 divide03:35:10
etc. must be greater than or equal03:35:12
unity so we can find with03:35:15
you gap for linda linda03:35:18
belongs to d divide03:35:23
under d03:35:27
divide by k maximum + 1 to d divide03:35:33
on to maximum03:35:35
that is03:35:43
let's count03:35:46
1203:35:50
divide by 303:35:55
this is 400 nanometers03:36:01
Don03:36:04
12 divided to 600 by per meter03:36:11
don't turn it on, that's it03:36:23
monochromatic light falls normally03:36:31
no more order find the wavelength03:36:34
that's enough crookedly worded03:36:37
conditions thanks to my curator03:36:39
that is, it’s not clear what he’s asking for03:36:43
find03:36:46
what is the shortest wavelength greater in03:36:49
in general what was03:36:51
Magda and more diffraction order03:36:54
maximum equal to two, our wavelength should be03:36:57
from 400 including to 600 excluding in general03:37:01
in this range any number is03:37:03
answer03:37:05
there is a micrometer clearly us 3d03:37:13
how much time do you need to spend what is yours03:37:16
the rate under you will happen in a month03:37:19
somewhere03:37:23
2 hours a day03:37:26
Daria course pounds are given away for free03:37:28
still03:37:30
ok guys let's move on03:37:44
why are we changing the sign there? Well, because03:37:48
we won't see us even if03:37:52
equal to one if the sine of the angle is equal03:37:55
unit then at 90 degrees we are not03:37:58
let's project this on the screen +03:38:25
then yes you rolled down the truth you can03:38:29
see my course padi you're here03:38:31
old version and it was more complicated than03:38:35
options03:38:36
last year let's say last year yes03:38:39
you have become lighter03:38:43
diffraction grating with period 1003:38:46
minus 5 meters03:38:53
located parallel to the screen on03:38:55
distance 0 75 meters and to it03:39:04
the first order maximum will be03:39:06
be observed at a distance of 3 centimeters03:39:08
from the center deflationary pictures three03:39:12
centimeter03:39:14
what wavelength will the beam fall?03:39:16
the light is on the normal and the angles are small03:39:20
when angles and small sine alpha are approximately03:39:23
equal to alpha approximately equal to tangent of olives03:39:25
that is, here we have a diffraction grating03:39:29
here is the first maximum03:39:32
on the screen from 1 to the first and03:39:38
it turns out d sine alpha equals k lambda03:39:44
since sine is approximately equal to tangent de03:39:47
tangent alpha calendar and tangent alpha03:39:51
this is x1 per ale03:39:56
that is, dx one by n is equal to k by linda03:40:02
linda dx 1 divide by elka glinda03:40:08
10 minus 5 by 00303:40:12
to 075 to 103:40:18
Sanya already has 11 likes, simply gorgeous03:40:23
gorgeous 10 minus 5 by 0 0 3 0 7503:40:31
this is 400 nanometers for a wave03:40:36
a good value means the answer is correct03:40:41
more likely03:40:44
to perk up like you more03:40:47
tell me I'll eat03:40:49
carbonated marzipan bar03:40:52
classic of us wheel03:40:55
this is not an advertisement03:41:06
were so uncomfortable here came up with03:41:11
I'm embarrassed by the score03:41:22
I immediately started working harder by using my head03:41:34
maybe there are sides to this03:41:47
why do they write on game solvers that sine can03:41:51
be equal to 1 such task03:41:53
because I'm solving the exam03:41:55
sometimes the solution is written by idiots03:42:00
decided is time standards03:42:04
there are errors and a lot of them03:42:08
sometimes idiots not always but sometimes03:42:11
idiot03:42:24
how to charge the test with electric current03:42:38
Well, what can we say about solving the Unified State Exam?03:42:41
even if the compilers of the exam themselves03:42:45
sometimes they write an official solution for this03:42:49
which for for their tasks which they03:42:52
came up with03:42:53
which these too must come to terms with03:42:56
experts with errors03:42:59
imagine I just once had03:43:02
access used to be given access to these03:43:05
the solution that hippie and I provide03:43:08
I personally found two errors03:43:11
two problems that they solved incorrectly and03:43:15
I immediately have a question: how03:43:17
they checked it they checked it after all03:43:22
by the right decision for they looked03:43:25
does the deprivation of a student coincide with an infidel03:43:28
decision03:43:30
There is no clear answer to this question03:43:33
we can because probably how much03:43:36
there were so many experts and and and03:43:39
the disagreements about this are kind of stupid03:43:41
experts who themselves did not know how03:43:44
decides collected just checked which03:43:47
smarter experts probably somehow03:43:50
checked in good faith but we are already03:43:53
unfortunately all this is not known03:43:57
this could happen right in the game03:44:02
could it happen this year I don’t know03:44:05
I can say with confidence that it was03:44:08
unfortunately it was03:44:15
so you can be an expert who is not03:44:18
know how to solve a problem03:44:21
expert doesn't really mean that you03:44:24
good problem solver03:44:28
that is, I streamed this with an expert03:44:31
who trains other experts and03:44:35
she runs the stream and I correct her03:44:38
errors are wrong I explain why03:44:41
wrong and she doesn’t understand right away03:44:44
I play because of this because of this03:44:47
she there it there to brought out some03:44:50
formula once and told me that03:44:54
potential energy when removed03:44:56
the satellite will decrease where you are03:45:00
she's like that03:45:02
some substitutions are made, I explain03:45:05
she still doesn’t understand how it is03:45:08
sometimes they find it so absurd03:45:10
an expert who trains other experts03:45:13
but still sometimes03:45:16
problem in the tasks she has a solution there03:45:18
were also incorrect or beyond03:45:21
school curriculum framework03:45:23
an expert is not a sign of quality no matter how03:45:26
Weird03:45:29
So03:45:31
[music]03:45:49
And from oh caught up you immediately slowed down so much to and03:45:53
it happens like this03:45:56
trash of course can now be considered03:45:58
the opportunity to appeal before03:46:02
there may be problems with this appeal03:46:05
for example this year I'll just show you03:46:08
there was a bug when checking the task03:46:12
in general, let's do less on optics03:46:17
double I'll do it03:46:19
that is, it goes something like this03:46:23
Ray03:46:25
then it refracts03:46:28
then it is reflected and03:46:31
we need to find the alpha angle there at night03:46:36
it's natural there's something else here03:46:38
there's a din there, in general, everything is given, here's a ray03:46:41
it comes out like this03:46:43
we need to find03:46:46
there, well, let’s say he doesn’t know what angle03:46:49
angle of incidence to beam to here03:46:53
total internal reflection occurred03:46:55
and we are asked to draw the course of the ray inside03:46:59
damn I checked it later and went to look03:47:03
conditions and even wrote it down in my03:47:07
contact messages sent so as not to be03:47:09
unfounded03:47:10
I'll open it now and read it right away03:47:13
it was written there03:47:22
Zolotukhin03:47:43
then right now03:47:48
[applause]03:47:52
someone far from mortal03:48:02
make a drawing indicating the beam code03:48:05
rays in the wedge make a drawing indicating03:48:09
the course of the rays in the wedge you are looking at03:48:12
it turns out that this beam is not in the danone knee03:48:16
it's drawn there anyway, so in it03:48:18
please draw this ray it's in03:48:21
wedge this beam is in the wedge and this beam is in03:48:27
wedge03:48:30
[ __ ] this ray03:48:32
in my opinion no, he is walking along the border03:48:36
division of two environments03:48:37
but since this is a corner I understand03:48:41
refracted03:48:44
then we cannot say that he is03:48:47
in wedge actually actually03:48:51
when your angle is full inside03:48:53
reflections you have, this ray is generally here03:48:56
does not work and all the power goes to reflection03:48:59
that is, in my opinion it was necessary03:49:02
draw a ray like this like this03:49:03
reflected and moved on but they03:49:07
implied that this beam is necessary03:49:09
be sure to draw and show here03:49:11
angle 90 degrees, well here it is and here it is03:49:15
how were people supposed to know that03:49:19
they meant for them this beam was in03:49:21
wedge although this angle of refraction and03:49:24
in general its power is zero but to me03:49:27
It seems to me that this was a bastard03:49:30
I filed an appeal for this03:49:33
the fact that they reduced me for this is just laziness03:49:37
there was more to do but in theory I can03:49:39
sue to prove that for this03:49:41
had no right to reduce because this03:49:44
beam its power firstly 0 secondly03:49:47
he is not in a wedge he is at the interface03:49:51
you can still say but not in a wedge03:49:55
yes, and in general this ray really03:49:57
its power is zero so03:50:00
the power is zero and it is not in the wedge and03:50:03
they still reduce it for its absence03:50:05
points this is wrong but now we know03:50:08
what do they want in this kind of task?03:50:17
here's how they wanted them to be decorated03:50:20
I shouldn't have heard to draw the reflected03:50:22
but it was necessary to have refractions of 9003:50:25
draw such things in advance, of course03:50:28
you are not a product03:50:30
refers to inaccuracy of wording03:50:32
verification inaccuracies03:50:38
[music]03:50:42
why was day 30 missed because in03:50:47
this day03:50:48
Russian Ben03:50:51
noah and I these days when I will not lead03:50:54
and dancing I will conduct open streams like this03:50:56
don't worry03:51:03
ok let's move on flat03:51:06
monochromatic light wave with03:51:08
frequency 4 to 10 14 hertz03:51:12
at 10 14 hertz03:51:16
falls normal to the diffraction03:51:19
the grille is parallel to the grille behind it03:51:22
a collecting lens with a focal length is placed03:51:25
at a distance of 21 centimeters and you see03:51:27
this is the same case when we have03:51:30
diffraction grating then lenses then03:51:33
there we almost score we perceive03:51:35
as if everything is the same just here03:51:39
the screen is at focal length03:51:41
everything everything else is the same as it was03:51:46
diffraction pattern is observed on03:51:48
rear focal plane screen03:51:50
distance between main ones maximum 1 203:51:52
about 16 millimeters03:51:56
16 millimeters a03:51:59
find the lattice period answer variable03:52:02
besides [ __ ], we can assume that the angles03:52:05
small03:52:06
railings jokes questions so but cleanliness it03:52:12
c divided by lambda means linda is everything03:52:18
divide by it03:52:20
now d03:52:24
sine x03:52:28
equal to Landeck and03:52:32
sinus03:52:34
approximately equal to tangent03:52:38
which is equal to x divided by f that is03:52:43
it turns out b x 1 divided by f equals lambda03:52:48
d x 2 divided by f equals 2 lambda03:52:54
hence03:52:56
d x 2 minus x one03:53:00
divide by f equals lambda but if you subtract03:53:03
and lower upper, well, if you substitute03:53:06
lamda how to highlight on it then we can03:53:10
express dd is equal to ef divide but not03:53:15
x 2 minus x103:53:19
cf not exam sex one so well03:53:22
obtained when setting03:53:24
d3 for ten in the eighth03:53:27
on03:53:28
02103:53:31
on03:53:32
4 to 10 to 14 and to03:53:38
0 0 16 great let's count03:53:47
it's all diffraction03:54:06
You03:54:07
[music]03:54:09
at03:54:13
I got it03:54:18
98403:54:21
micrometer03:54:28
[music]03:54:29
Alexander Voronov under what conditions03:54:32
sine is approximately equal to tangent here you go03:54:35
answered when the angle is up to 10 degrees03:54:39
here the differences are minimal and03:54:43
Let's say it's just sine 10 degrees 203:54:48
sine of 10 degrees is how much is it03:54:56
sine 1003:54:59
017 364803:55:03
I didn’t write down the meters now, but the tangent is 1003:55:11
tangent 1003:55:15
017603:55:17
3303:55:20
before that is03:55:23
differs already in thousandths in thousandths03:55:26
units and radian measure of angle03:55:31
is between them, that is, there is a sine03:55:33
alpha is less than the radian measure of angle and03:55:36
less than the tangent, that is, well, approximately03:55:39
they can be considered very close03:55:41
magnitudes but when more than ten03:55:44
degrees it's already becoming a replacement there03:55:46
let's say for sine 5 this is how much we have03:55:50
hands sine 503:55:52
this is zero zero eight seven03:55:56
156 a tan 503:56:04
This03:56:06
00803:56:10
75 but if there is such a thing then there is even one here03:56:14
thousand do not coincide in general03:56:17
It’s clear that the min angle the better03:56:20
matches but for these up to 1003:56:23
degrees this difference is minimal03:56:28
I carried them to the chair03:56:32
experiments well done beauty okay03:56:34
let's move on03:57:09
30 degrees can be considered a small angle but03:57:12
not 30 is already a considerable sine there 30 1 203:57:17
tangent 3003:57:20
057 well there already03:57:23
not that [ __ ]03:57:25
this is more than ten percent distinguishable03:57:29
too big a difference03:57:36
praise yourself more than 70 was in love03:57:43
I like to chat I don’t like to decide what happens to me03:57:47
do oneself03:57:53
onto a diffraction grating with a period of 403:57:56
micrometer03:58:01
A beam of light consisting of03:58:03
from photons with momentum 26403:58:08
by ten to minus 2703:58:12
kilogram per meter per second03:58:15
so let's discuss it means03:58:19
photon energy can be described in two ways03:58:23
ways or as much as on it, well, she03:58:28
ht divide by linda or as an impulse03:58:33
photon at the speed of light and03:58:36
will someone tell me the speed of light where where03:58:40
I'll tell you the speed of light in a vacuum03:58:46
that is, let's say you're looking for03:58:49
momentum in water you know you have momentum03:58:53
some kind of energy in the water and you know03:58:56
impulse in the water you take the impulse of yours03:59:01
photon and multiply everything by the speed of light03:59:03
anyway in a vacuum you don't reduce03:59:06
speed of light n times if you03:59:09
you're at 1 no, that's just speed03:59:10
light in a vacuum as constant a03:59:16
right here right here by the way if you03:59:19
was in some environment then you should03:59:23
the navel is already in place here already03:59:27
depends on what environment you're in03:59:30
you are, that is, well, generally speaking03:59:32
allocate to linda03:59:35
if you are03:59:37
there is a vacuum then this is the goal moment03:59:50
So03:59:55
maximum 2 orders of magnitude at what angle03:59:58
d sine film equals Linda by 2 uk a04:00:05
equals 2.04:00:08
it turns out if these are equated each other04:00:11
friend p equals h divided by linda04:00:17
then linda equals h divided by p minus04:00:25
fer04:00:27
as much as divide by n by k divide by d04:00:33
free04:00:35
arcsine04:00:40
efficiency04:00:41
fi04:00:43
arcsine04:00:46
66 for effectiveness 34 for04:00:50
22, 64 by 10 to the minus twenty-seventh and04:00:56
by 4 by 10 minus 604:01:14
6 6 by 10 to minus 3404:01:22
you are trying 4 but 10 minus 7 and04:01:29
4 is 10 minutes04:01:42
7 degrees somewhere04:02:54
large ones to ban and decided yes it’s not normal04:02:57
So04:02:59
guys, let's talk a little now04:03:02
about interference on thin films04:03:06
interference04:03:09
on thin04:03:11
films, that is, when it happens04:03:14
when let's say you spilled gasoline in a puddle04:03:19
it seems to you that gasoline is overflowing04:03:22
let's think in different colors of the rainbow04:03:26
why is this happening04:03:29
it turns out that the beam falls there04:03:34
some and04:03:38
reflected first from the surface04:03:42
Well, the wavelength that passes is equal to or04:03:45
zero is acceptable yes a04:03:47
some ray passes inside04:03:51
then they are reflected in the other direction and04:03:54
comes out and both end up, so to speak,04:03:57
eye and04:04:00
it turns out that the first wave04:04:03
wave input equaled el zero a04:04:07
second or 0 + 2 d but not really04:04:13
it's so simple, well, we think that the angle04:04:15
small so just go back there04:04:18
but there are some rules means first04:04:21
rule you should remember when04:04:24
reflected from04:04:26
optically denser medium04:04:32
environment04:04:35
is happening04:04:38
a loss04:04:41
half waves a04:04:46
less fetus and no loss occurs04:04:48
accordingly let's see04:04:51
refractive index of gasoline04:05:00
[music]04:05:03
1 and 804:05:09
1 and 8 a04:05:12
near the water 1 and 33 there is deeper gasoline in the puddle04:05:19
spilled out to show and refraction04:05:22
big job there is a small one so he04:05:24
top swim and04:05:26
it turns out, well, gasoline definitely04:05:29
higher refractive index than04:05:31
air therefore when reflected from here at04:05:35
we are losing semi waves04:05:38
here we write minus lambda in half, but what about04:05:41
happens here04:05:44
it turns out04:05:46
here04:05:48
the environment is less dense than gasoline therefore04:05:53
losses04:05:55
Lambda won't be cut in half04:05:58
here04:06:00
but in an optically denser environment we have04:06:05
the wave is increasing, that's why we are here04:06:09
should write not 204:06:11
da2 gasoline smoke and04:06:15
it turns out that you're looking at, let's say04:06:18
petrol stain on top04:06:20
the path difference in this case will be equal to04:06:22
well, let me write it down in detail 0 +04:06:26
2 gasoline smoke04:06:31
minus or zero minus lambda anyhow04:06:35
there is a stroke difference04:06:37
equals 2 gasoline smoke plus lambda in half and04:06:44
and if we choose the thickness of the puddle like this04:06:47
so that it is equal04:06:49
let's say when we have a difference in speed04:06:52
equal to an integer number of waves is acceptable for04:06:55
this dot will be red there04:06:57
seem red here for the first04:06:59
maximum let's say Linda is red04:07:03
equals 2 gasoline smoke plus Linda red04:07:07
in half and from here we can find04:07:09
thickness04:07:11
gasoline puddles that's when it comes to us04:07:14
will appear red at some point04:07:16
this is if we look from above there when under04:07:18
the corners are a little different there already04:07:20
works04:07:23
sniffed some gasoline04:07:26
so let's get it all together04:07:31
solve this problem04:08:01
between the edges there are 2 well sanded04:08:04
thin flat glass plates04:08:06
placed tone placed thin wire04:08:08
diameter04:08:10
0 0 5 millimeters04:08:14
millimeters04:08:18
opposite ends of the plates tightly04:08:20
pressed against each other on top04:08:21
plate parallel to its surface04:08:23
a monochromatic beam of light falls04:08:26
determine the distance between interview persons04:08:29
ion classes that are observed on04:08:31
plate 10 centimeters long04:08:34
1004:08:36
centimeters if the wavelength of light is 0604:08:41
micro meters04:08:45
these guys don't look like this from this drawing04:08:49
It’s very clear what’s going on, but really04:08:52
in fact04:08:53
glass this table flock such a record04:08:57
here's the fat [ __ ] fat one and here's the second one04:09:01
glass plate is actually04:09:05
The drawing should be perceived by you like this04:09:07
so well, here’s some kind of heroin and04:09:12
it turns out that04:09:15
What causes interference?04:09:16
here the beam falls04:09:18
let's have a small drop angle done04:09:21
how the beam falls04:09:23
reflected in your eye04:09:27
here the ray passes here it is reflected goes04:09:33
you understand the eye, that is, he is still here04:09:37
passes some distance here d but04:09:41
these are igrek one igrek one a04:09:45
let's just or them04:09:47
that is, this is the course of the first wave04:09:50
or zero since from optically less04:09:54
dense medium the air is reflected here yes04:09:57
here the air here is glass then losses04:10:00
there is no half wave and the course of the second wave is from04:10:04
optically less dense rows that is04:10:06
it turns out or 0 plus 2y is not multiplied by04:10:11
refractive index he ate air food04:10:13
one minus half-wave loss and04:10:17
it turns out that the path difference is equal to 2y04:10:22
minus04:10:23
lambda in half04:10:25
that is, it turns out04:10:28
then we have this difference in the course04:10:32
equal to an integer number of wavelengths04:10:38
then we will have a maximum at this point04:10:43
it turns out well04:10:46
there04:10:48
even if equal to zero then we will have04:10:51
the maximum is if zero is equal to oh 2y cm04:10:56
if y is equal04:10:59
Linda divide by 4 here is the first light one04:11:04
we get a spot04:11:06
if 2y equals minus lambda in half equals04:11:12
linda that is y is equal to three quarters linda04:11:16
the second bright spot turns out well and so04:11:20
then add in total and by half04:11:23
second04:11:24
first04:11:27
there04:11:29
there will be a third04:11:31
y5 lambda divide by 4 y04:11:35
in short, half the wavelength was added04:11:38
the third spot will be light, that is04:11:41
you understand so for anyone we can04:11:43
paint04:11:44
it turns out how much they increase04:11:47
here we have it here04:11:50
there will be some maximum04:11:54
then we moved here like this if we 004:11:59
hmm dropped to 4 here it will be 2 again04:12:03
maximum then another 0 to 4 dropped04:12:06
again you understand the maximum and this is it04:12:10
when our path difference was zero04:12:13
had her own 1 trace stain and she04:12:16
was at a distance04:12:19
quarter wavelength04:12:21
next such bright spot will be on04:12:24
full wavelength04:12:28
you need half waves too, three quarters04:12:37
So04:12:40
to the audience half and half of course04:12:55
what is Linda talking about here, divide by 4?04:12:59
further Linda in half le onde in half04:13:01
ribbon in half04:13:03
goes down04:13:06
why did I say all this, I forgot04:13:12
that means 2 is04:13:15
4 404:13:20
up to 8 Linda in half I add04:13:24
so it was given to me04:13:27
What04:13:31
so that it is not given04:13:34
A04:13:38
interference distance04:13:40
stripes that is, I need to find this04:13:43
there will always be a distance04:13:44
identical this is a question this is a question04:13:50
she would be here, she would be here, everywhere04:13:54
will be b04:13:57
it turns out04:13:59
this angle is alpha this angle is alpha with one04:14:02
side tangent is equal to lambda in half04:14:06
divide by b04:14:08
on the other side of tangent alpha04:14:12
it is impossible to say that it is exactly approximately equal04:14:16
d divide by04:14:21
Well, it’s clear that the diameter is this plus04:14:26
this one, since the corner is small, we04:14:30
we can roughly assume that04:14:32
this is it04:14:35
what is this thing just if down04:14:38
lower approximately equal to the radius and there you go04:14:43
this04:14:44
that is, it turns out yes divided by r is equal to04:14:47
Linda divided by 2 b, that is, b is equal to04:14:53
lambda el divide by 2d that is b equals04:14:58
0 6 by 10 minutes 6 by 0 1 divide by 2 by04:15:05
0 0 5 by 10 minus 304:15:27
tags04:15:29
0 6 to 10 to the minus sixth04:15:33
by 0 1 by 2 by 0 0 5 to 10 to minus04:15:40
third04:15:51
60004:15:58
the distance between these interference04:16:00
stripes04:16:03
[music]04:16:05
0 6 millimeters04:16:10
almost half a mile to just over half a mile04:16:13
millimeters04:16:20
can be seen04:16:24
can be seen04:16:27
like on the line only twice as often04:16:34
tags well let's move on04:16:58
why is lambda in half they are lambda in 4 too04:17:02
look between04:17:05
you should write here there04:17:08
y1 and y204:17:12
y3 here y there three let's say different04:17:16
from y 2 0 hmm in half that's where any y04:17:22
minus y to minus 1 will differ by04:17:25
lambda in half no matter what number you take04:17:31
this is possible in general terms in principle04:17:34
let's write down the fungus04:17:36
This04:17:42
lambda divide by 4 +04:17:47
divide the kolyans in half and04:17:53
it turns out that the fungus minus y to -1 is04:17:58
Linda divide by 4 + kolyans in half04:18:02
minus lam by divisor 4 plus to us and to04:18:08
-1 Linda hit and04:18:12
here if you open the bracket it turns out04:18:14
just lambda in half, well, probably for04:18:16
it is better to write down the design in general terms04:18:18
to show that this is for anyone04:18:20
the maximum will be fulfilled04:18:31
With04:18:38
ok04:18:40
it will be on X04:18:42
more and more details04:18:46
there will be 2 6 hour streams on X, well one04:18:50
6-hour optical one 6-hour optical04:18:53
quantum i holes04:18:56
xx more details04:19:10
he's great Alexey Kleva Kleva for what04:19:15
I came in okay, I’m erasing this from04:19:18
damn it's funny there are so many people already04:19:21
released a strong prepared for and04:19:23
ban and04:19:25
Very nice04:19:34
see old faces04:19:36
or rather old Nicky04:20:07
you became his no number one he is not04:20:10
I'll like it04:20:13
sometimes it's really painful and unpleasant04:20:16
well what can you do04:20:20
our faces are still on the Maidan, so many wrinkles04:20:23
on our faces04:20:32
really sane why 6 hours quantum04:20:35
when mechanics 404:20:37
mechanics actually 8 hours04:20:44
called clearing of optics04:20:46
reducing light reflection from04:20:48
optical refractive surfaces04:20:50
systems for example from a lens04:20:53
camera for this on the surface04:20:55
lens applies a thin film with04:20:58
refractive index different from04:20:59
refractive index of lens glass04:21:01
and select its thickness to a certain04:21:03
So what is the minimum thickness?04:21:06
have this film in order to04:21:08
minimize the reflection of light in04:21:10
most sensitive to the eye04:21:12
human yellow-green part of the spectrum04:21:15
at wavelength in air 560-560 004:21:18
meters, they write 50004:21:25
if the refractive index of the film at04:21:27
this wavelength is equal to 104:21:31
49404:21:33
what shade of color does it have?04:21:37
the enlightened have the enlightened04:21:39
lenses light incident on the lens04:21:42
can be considered almost normal04:21:44
spalletti means you're filming something04:21:49
for example, porn, a ray is falling04:21:54
refracted and04:21:58
in theory04:22:00
reflects, that is, it is reflected here and here04:22:03
reflected04:22:05
right here04:22:07
one of the lights is reflected and04:22:11
you want as little as possible04:22:15
reflected so that as much as possible04:22:17
got inside the lenses and got caught04:22:21
to this and to04:22:23
on film stayed on film for this04:22:27
we need to choose the thickness this way04:22:30
so that the wave path difference04:22:34
equaled an odd number of half a vol04:22:37
there is so that del del is so that we have04:22:40
there was interference04:22:42
you know guys, let's think about it04:22:45
there's a loss happening here04:22:47
half-waves uniquely when reflected here04:22:51
also there is a loss because 1 and 404:22:55
a.n. glass04:22:59
1 and 5 y04:23:02
the glass is shorter there04:23:05
more than 14 and it turns out that or 1 is04:23:10
0 0 minus the strap in half04:23:12
l2 is or zero minus lambda in half and04:23:16
plus two more days of film and04:23:21
the difference in wave path is obtained04:23:24
equals 2 smoke films04:23:27
then it comes out04:23:29
what if we choose the thickness like this04:23:33
so that we have here04:23:38
we take an odd number of half-waves in a given04:23:41
case 1 interference minimum when04:23:44
we simply have equal conditions according to the gender wave04:23:48
at least we will succeed04:23:51
extinguished and eventually04:23:54
we won't see this reflection04:23:58
it turns out that we are asked to find this d d d04:24:01
then it will be equal to Linda divided by 4 n04:24:05
films that is al dente yes yes yes then04:24:10
There is04:24:11
560 here minus 904:24:14
4 by 1 and 404:24:18
5 604:24:21
01 micrometer04:24:25
I hope I counted correctly or04:24:29
wrong04:24:32
10004:24:33
on on 0 1 and when they got together04:24:39
[music]04:24:45
boob and fly04:24:49
titya sounds cooler04:24:57
How did we understand that we need at least a puddle?04:25:01
coating the optics for a larger signal04:25:04
from what we shoot reached the film04:25:07
they were the ones reflected from the lens to04:25:11
more saturated more light entered04:25:14
the more light comes in the more04:25:16
we will have a saturated image04:25:31
damn what not or sura attacked04:25:35
By the way, I didn’t observe any jambs for or sura04:25:39
I observed problems with his predecessor04:25:43
which resource wrote crap there and I04:25:47
I wanted and sura too once I once04:25:49
I came in somehow, but the ban solved the problem, but04:25:51
I decided correctly so04:25:53
I personally don’t want it, it’s your initiative04:25:57
purely, in general the desk courses are [ __ ] but04:26:00
resource04:26:02
normal what04:26:05
so [ __ ] me well checklist I can't stand it04:26:08
these are the sales methods ports are easy04:26:11
disgusting it's just [ __ ] [ __ ] up04:26:15
checklist I'm allergic to checklists04:26:19
top 10 form that's how I heard it04:26:22
right this04:26:24
I start beating people when I check in04:26:28
my brother will suit me live with everyone04:26:30
paired don't want top 10 formulas that04:26:33
solve 90 percent of the exam in physics04:26:36
I want to bend it right away, it’s good that’s so04:26:39
people on the street don't approach me anymore04:26:41
been sitting for a long time04:26:45
By the way, I forgot to write about those04:26:52
about the shade04:26:55
comes out in the yellow-green part of the spectrum04:26:59
every hunter wants to know where04:27:02
pheasant sittingDescription:
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