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00:00:03
Carthage, a country of unlimited00:00:05
possibilities that appeared more than 2000 years00:00:09
ago, wealth, power and ambition00:00:12
allowed these settlers to build00:00:14
an Empire that for 600 years held in their hands00:00:17
the entire00:00:19
[music]00:00:21
Mediterranean they made some of the00:00:23
most significant discoveries of the Ancient00:00:25
World both in their homeland and far beyond its00:00:28
borders,00:00:31
their main pride is enormous a port with00:00:34
hundreds of warships the basis of the most00:00:37
impressive fleet of00:00:39
antiquity the ships flew as if on00:00:42
wings They were seen And they said Carthage00:00:47
is here But On the horizon00:00:50
stormy springs were gathering, Carthage had a00:00:53
worthy rival, a superpower the likes of00:00:56
which the world had never seen00:00:58
Rome00:01:01
The Romans considered Carthage a spear00:01:03
aimed at the very heart of their empire00:01:06
from of this mortal battle there will be only00:01:09
one winner, the vanquished will be wiped00:01:13
off the face of the00:01:19
earth How the empires were created00:01:24
Carthage00:01:27
bloodshed00:01:28
cruelty00:01:30
ingenious achievements of construction and00:01:33
courage bordering on madness This is what00:01:37
characterized the rivalry between the00:01:39
greatest00:01:40
powers00:01:42
Rome and Carthage00:01:45
it was a battle for life and00:01:49
death its outcome will change the Western00:01:53
history Welcome to00:01:58
Tunisia00:02:00
cafe I knew it was an ancient city but00:02:04
had no idea where it was I had00:02:07
heard about Hannibal and how elephants00:02:09
crossed the Alps during the famous wars00:02:12
with Rome and I knew that these warriors00:02:15
were called Punic from the Latin00:02:18
word that the Romans called Carthage00:02:21
Carthage was located right here in the00:02:23
north of Tunisia in the century BC Carthage00:02:27
was the absolute power of00:02:28
the Mediterranean powers in the fist with the help of an00:02:31
outstanding fleet but the Legend of Carthage00:02:34
begins with the Eastern Mediterranean00:02:36
city of Tyre Phoenician city of Tyre00:02:39
beautiful Dido jealousy greed and00:02:42
lust for power destroyed the royal00:02:46
family Dido was the beautiful daughter of00:02:49
King Matan, her husband, an ambitious Phoenician, who00:02:55
died untimely, was killed by Dido's brother00:02:58
Pygmalion, saving her life, Dido00:03:02
fled from her native shooting range to an00:03:03
unknown country in the north00:03:06
[music]00:03:09
of Africa, where she persuaded the local residents to00:03:12
sell her a piece of land that could be00:03:15
covered with the skin of a00:03:17
bull, smart and cunning Dido cut the00:03:21
skin into the thinnest strips, then00:03:23
connected and laid them out, separating a large00:03:26
fertile00:03:28
area00:03:30
there, under her leadership, an00:03:32
amazing map was built Hadash or New00:03:37
City Patrick Khan Stanford00:03:40
University when they came to Carthage they00:03:42
measured the bay, looked at the mountains,00:03:45
saw deep rivers and places where they00:03:47
could build an impregnable00:03:49
fortress they said, here we00:03:52
will build our city, the city of Carthage00:03:56
[music]00:03:58
flourished00:04:01
before the irba Moorish00:04:05
king manto turfa museum of the00:04:09
University of Pennsylvania the name of Dedo is associated with the00:04:11
history of the king of the Libyan tribe and Arbi00:04:14
who wanted to marry her but the beauty00:04:16
refused00:04:17
him According to legend, out of love for de Don00:04:21
He killed her husband and she threw herself into00:04:24
the funeral pyre and burned00:04:28
alive,00:04:32
it was here that one of the greatest empires in the world was born from her ashes,00:04:40
surrounded by strong rivals without00:04:44
having a large territory, the Phoenicians from00:04:46
Carthage turned to the sea they were00:04:49
pragmatic people, open to everything00:04:51
new and endlessly inventive growing up as00:04:55
a writer when Dido founded the city of the00:04:58
New City00:05:00
many said the New City was a New00:05:03
Beginning and As Carthage00:05:06
expanded its network of trade routes the city00:05:09
became00:05:11
multinational like many00:05:12
strategic points of the00:05:15
time over the next 200 years Carthage00:05:20
consolidated colonies in Corsica Ibiza and00:05:25
North00:05:26
Africa00:05:28
around00:05:30
650 BC Carthage became a00:05:34
force to be reckoned with,00:05:37
everyone knew about it one of the main cities of00:05:41
that era thanks to numerous00:05:43
trade routes by the century BC00:05:46
Carthage's new possessions00:05:48
were a tasty morsel the population grew to00:05:52
300,000 the city became one of the00:05:54
largest in the00:05:55
world Stephen Kriens University of California00:05:58
In a sense, it can be00:06:01
compared to Manhattan, a huge00:06:03
population in a relatively small00:06:06
area, an important commercial and cultural00:06:08
center not only for North Africa but00:06:11
for the entire western Mediterranean before00:06:14
Carthage, great building feats00:06:16
were performed for the Glory of the gods but This city00:06:20
was more worldly how America 2 years00:06:24
later, Carthage attracted many00:06:26
people dreaming of00:06:28
getting rich,00:06:30
soon the architects and engineers00:06:33
faced the problem of how to accommodate them all and00:06:36
the need to solve it led to a00:06:40
construction boom. The Carthages were a people with a00:06:43
special00:06:44
mentality, they certainly wanted00:06:47
to be inside the city00:06:49
walls, so it was necessary to00:06:52
design buildings that could00:06:54
accommodate everyone who wanted to live in the00:06:58
city, the geni were the first to turn the sky above the00:07:01
city into private property by starting00:07:04
to build00:07:08
[music]00:07:10
apartments of the house reached six floors in00:07:14
height Why Because people constantly00:07:18
came to Carthage a prosperous city the00:07:21
city of00:07:23
dreams If someone wanted to change their00:07:25
life online in00:07:28
Carthage needed appropriate00:07:31
material, it was in El Hari on the shore of the00:07:34
Tunisian bay, in these abandoned00:07:37
quarries an almost00:07:39
endless supply of limestone was stored with which it00:07:42
was easy to00:07:45
work,00:07:46
limestone was an ideal material for00:07:49
construction and in that area there were deposits00:07:52
of limestone very close by, they were easy to00:07:56
use, archaeologists suggest that00:07:59
How the Egyptians before them, the Carthaginians, cut00:08:02
stone blocks using the simplest00:08:04
means of water and00:08:08
wood, marking a cut on the00:08:11
surface of the rock with a chisel, they inserted a00:08:14
wooden wedge into the crevice and soaked00:08:17
it with water, the wood naturally absorbed the00:08:21
liquid, the00:08:26
swelling created by the expanding00:08:30
scrap of the stone into almost perfect shaped00:08:32
blocks, workers separated them using crowbars00:08:35
and other00:08:37
instruments when massive blocks began00:08:40
to fall into the city, builders, using00:08:42
columnar structures, quickly turned00:08:45
Carthage into a dynamically developing00:08:49
[music]00:08:51
capital, they built from stones, which means they were00:08:55
not going to go anywhere, they00:08:58
were founded for00:09:03
a long time, for the survival of each metropolis, a00:09:06
source of water is needed Carthage was no00:09:08
exception and ancient engineers came up with00:09:13
tanks like this, both layers are made of00:09:16
eggshells, ash and clay, these containers did not00:09:19
allow water to pass through the network of corpses and00:09:22
canals, water from the tanks entered00:09:24
every house in Carthage, they equipped00:09:28
bathrooms with bathtubs,00:09:30
even00:09:33
showers, it is known for a long time that water supply was00:09:36
invented long before the advent of00:09:39
Carthage But it was there that, by 0000:09:42
BC and in the city of Kern around 45000:09:47
BC, a Unified00:09:49
water supply system appeared. And most00:09:52
importantly,00:09:54
anyone can install a bathtub in the house with00:09:58
used water. In Rouen, we00:10:02
see a unified system00:10:05
supplying the kitchen and bathroom and00:10:09
removing used water. water into the00:10:11
sewer00:10:14
system This revolutionary00:10:18
invention is typical of Carthage, where00:10:22
everything was00:10:26
unusual00:10:28
until it turned into a city state with00:10:31
majestic temples, beautiful00:10:33
palaces and unique high-rise00:10:37
buildings Carthage flourished And their00:10:41
Phoenician counterparts experienced00:10:44
decline The great Phoenician city of Tire00:10:48
surrendered to Babylon to us in 57400:10:51
BC now Carthage remained00:10:56
orphe sent their00:10:58
Kob00:10:59
Ari conquering the sea and00:11:02
expanding their00:11:07
Empire 520 BC 300000:11:11
oarsmen lead 60 ships through the00:11:13
pillars of Hercules or the00:11:18
Strait of Gibraltar Ganon the greatest Admiral of00:11:21
Carthage sails to uncharted lands00:11:25
he is ready to begin an operation whose goal is00:11:28
to conquer the Mediterranean00:11:34
Sea all Great00:11:36
travelers and Christopher Columbus and00:11:39
Vasca da Gama sailed into the unknown and in00:11:43
this I see their similarity with the very00:11:45
first and best of them. Non Ganon had to00:11:49
expand the network of Carthaginian colonies00:11:52
and connections and not only in the sense of trade.00:11:55
He had to found new cities00:11:57
to control00:12:00
access to their00:12:01
[music]00:12:04
resources the technical superiority of00:12:07
Carthage at sea brought him power and00:12:09
prosperity by the 6th century BC00:12:12
Corsica Sardinia and the Balearic islands00:12:14
came under his00:12:16
[music]00:12:17
power the source of this power was the00:12:20
technical excellence of Carthage00:12:24
Bay is the afo of Carthaginian engineering00:12:30
[music]00:12:31
Although there is no exact data, archaeologists00:12:34
believe that it was built during the00:12:35
time of00:12:38
Hanon, but at the peak of power in the century00:12:42
BC Carthage's bay was00:12:44
transformed, now it had no analogues00:12:47
in the world, it became the life-giving artery of00:12:53
Carthage, it was part of00:12:58
Carthage, an00:13:00
absolutely necessary element for both00:13:03
trade and fleet into the VL harbor, a strait00:13:07
20 m wide, it could easily be00:13:10
blocked with chains, there were00:13:13
two separate ports inside, the first for merchant00:13:18
ships, the trading port was equipped00:13:21
with means that made the00:13:24
process of loading and unloading00:13:28
goods as easy as possible00:13:30
in Carthage 400 BC,00:13:34
goods could be found from all over The00:13:37
lights were brought here, they were sold and00:13:41
bought here, the second round00:13:45
port was intended for warships, there were00:13:48
30 docks symmetrically located there, there00:13:52
were also 140 additional anchor places00:13:55
along the perimeter of the round part, in total the port00:13:58
could accommodate 22000:14:03
ships, archaeologists discovered a dry00:14:07
mastiff, a reminder of the former power of the Great00:14:14
Port. That's all what remains of the Cato00:14:18
military port of ancient00:14:20
Carthage This is the inner harbor Which00:14:22
people howled in contrast to the outer00:14:25
connecting00:14:28
cm villas and It is difficult to imagine that this00:14:31
harbor was the source of wealth and00:14:34
power of ancient00:14:36
Carthage the heart of the military port was a00:14:38
round island with00:14:40
dry docks on the top of this00:14:43
island there was a tower with which the trumpeters00:14:46
gave signals Glasha shouted00:14:49
orders and the Admirals watched as the00:14:52
ships sailed up, whether they were enemy00:14:54
or friendly, while these ships could not00:14:56
see what was happening in the harbor,00:14:59
no one had such power, such strength, such00:15:03
speed, not to mention the navigational00:15:06
skills of the Carthaginian sailors when00:15:09
the harbor was opened, the ships flew out to sea,00:15:13
smashed the enemy who00:15:15
offered virtually no resistance and broke out into the00:15:18
open00:15:21
sea, people saw00:15:24
them and said Carthage was00:15:27
here for00:15:29
two centuries. Carthage dominated the00:15:33
Mediterranean, but the rival of the North Coast00:15:36
turned into a military machine of unprecedented00:15:44
power. It was00:15:46
Rome that was the bone of contention between the two.00:15:49
a superpower will become the Pearl of the Mediterranean00:15:53
Sea00:15:57
Silia for trade but he also needed00:16:03
Sicily Why Because it was00:16:06
on one of the largest sea00:16:08
trade routes in the world who controls00:16:11
Sicily has in his hands vital00:16:14
trade routes The Romans knew about the untold00:16:17
riches of Carthage and wanted to squeeze00:16:22
his and Carthage answered No, we were the00:16:27
first Remove your tank from our00:16:32
lawn Rome and Carthage now had00:16:35
fortifications in00:16:37
Sicily rivalry led to a series of00:16:39
wars that shook the ancient00:16:43
world The Romans considered Carthage a spear00:16:46
aimed at the very heart of their00:16:48
growing trading empire and of course they00:16:52
wanted to00:16:54
neutralize these wars will go down in history00:16:57
as Punic from the Latin word00:17:00
that the Romans called the Phoenicians their00:17:03
outcome will change history Carthage will lead into00:17:07
battle one of the greatest military minds of all00:17:11
[music]00:17:13
time at the beginning of the century BC the00:17:16
Greek city called upon the Republic of Rome00:17:19
to the south of Italy to help repel the attack of00:17:22
pirates mn two Sicilian cities00:17:27
from Pomo near Carthage, but then decided to00:17:31
turn to Rome. He was closer and more reliable than00:17:34
Syracuse fought with Noah and Rome in one00:17:38
battle and they surrendered to the mercy of the Romans,00:17:41
who in a few decades00:17:43
took possession of all of Southern Italy and Eastern00:17:46
Sicily, this angered Carthage and so00:17:49
began the First Punic War outcome It00:17:53
will determine not only who will00:17:55
dominate Sicily, but also the00:18:02
ZNO in 264 BC Rome and00:18:06
Carthage unleashed the first conical00:18:08
war 17 years later, the bloodbath between the00:18:12
empires was still00:18:19
ongoing, the turning point came00:18:21
only when the command of the Carthaginian00:18:23
army was entrusted to a fearlessly charismatic00:18:26
commander named Hamilcar00:18:31
Barca Hamilcar was the first great00:18:34
commander of the Carthaginian Empire, a00:18:37
charming man, he knew what to00:18:40
do and how best to pull chestnuts from the00:18:44
fire in 247-242 BC, this00:18:49
merciless military strategist swept through00:18:52
Sicily, he is energetic, strong and merciless,00:18:56
but his most important goats are the00:18:59
means for which you can00:19:01
count on this warship Queen00:19:04
rhema Queen means five rows of oarsmen00:19:09
Queen Kire was invented by the Greeks and not the Carthaginians,00:19:12
but it was the latter who brought naval00:19:14
battles to a new00:19:19
level during the Punic wars they00:19:22
were the greatest achievement00:19:26
[music]00:19:27
of shipbuilding there were five rows of00:19:30
oarsmen Yes, it is truly unknown how the Armed Forces00:19:33
it worked, but it is believed that there were three00:19:36
levels of five people, two on00:19:39
the top two, and each had an00:19:41
oar and another oarsman on top, in general,00:19:45
this was an enlarged version of the trireme, the00:19:48
battle tactics were exactly the same. The main00:19:51
task of such ships was to penetrate the enemy00:19:54
ship equipped with a bronze-plated00:19:56
ship ram was fast and00:20:00
maneuverable they were very, very fast00:20:03
catching up with the Carthaginian warship00:20:05
was very00:20:08
difficult standard Queen kerema about00:20:11
35 m in length and from 2 to 3 C5 m in width00:20:15
accommodated up to 420 sailors a fully00:20:19
equipped ship weighed more than 10000:20:22
tons on the open sea these monsters they were00:20:26
death machines, this thing was rushing at them with00:20:30
incredible00:20:32
speed, the blow and the hull of your ship is00:20:36
bursting at the seams, the ship begins00:20:40
to sink, if we remember how the00:20:43
triremes acted, we will understand that they rammed the00:20:46
enemy ship and then fought a00:20:49
long battle with it. Carthage did not waste00:20:52
time on this, they swam ram your00:20:56
ship go away Nano, bringing00:21:03
death to the next, the genius of Carthage manifested itself in00:21:06
organizing the mass production of such00:21:08
ships, they took pre-prepared00:21:10
parts and assembled them on an assembly line And as soon as00:21:14
the enemy dealt with one Queen00:21:16
Carey, the following appeared on the horizon The00:21:18
Roman fleet thus00:21:21
had a noticeable disadvantage until it00:21:23
took possession00:21:26
They took the broken cruy apart, found out00:21:30
how it00:21:32
worked and created00:21:35
their own. They captured the stranded00:21:38
Carthaginian quinque And made dozens of00:21:41
copies of it; they were not very well00:21:45
assembled and the wood was00:21:48
raw. So after a few months the00:21:51
ships simply00:21:53
fell apart, but the Romans had enough of this00:21:57
time, the00:21:59
ancients. equivalents of weapons of mass00:22:02
destruction to decide Who will become the00:22:04
master of the00:22:08
Mediterranean On March 10, 241 BC, they00:22:13
met at the nasty islands west00:22:15
of the coast of Sicily and one of the00:22:18
greatest naval battles in the00:22:20
history of the first Punic began. Vozhe00:22:27
islands00:22:31
in the battle between the strongest naval00:22:33
powers Carthage had quantitative00:22:35
advantage but his killer ships were00:22:39
loaded with grain and supplies for00:22:41
Hamilcar's army set up camp in00:22:44
Sicily many ships were sunk or00:22:48
captured people did not expect this00:22:51
Carthage tried to go on the offensive00:22:53
but could not because of the excess cargo on the00:22:55
ships this brought victory to the Romans00:22:59
it was a strategic00:23:01
disaster in As a result, the Romans captured00:23:03
almost 30,00000:23:06
captives, unable to00:23:08
recuperate, Hamilcar was forced to00:23:12
retreat to00:23:15
Carthage, it was clear that the pendulum of power00:23:18
over the00:23:19
Mediterranean was steadily shifting towards00:23:27
Rome00:23:29
Sardini and the islands between Sicily and00:23:33
Africa in the hope of subduing Carthage Rome00:23:36
obliged him to pay a large00:23:41
tribute but Carthage had not yet was ready to surrender00:23:44
he turned his gaze west to Spain00:23:48
Carthage sent Hamilcar's barque to00:23:50
Spain in00:23:57
23700:24:00
place00:24:01
Nar when he finally succeeded the entire00:24:04
territory south of the Ebro River became00:24:06
part of the Carthaginian00:24:08
Empire zero had to pay for this00:24:12
victory with his00:24:13
life in 228 BC era, he was00:24:17
killed in a battle with a rebellious local00:24:19
tribe00:24:27
with00:24:29
the people, the way to new achievements was opened.00:24:33
According to legend, the nine-year-old00:24:36
son of Hamilcar begged to be allowed to00:24:38
watch his father lead Carthage into the00:24:40
battle for Spain and Hamilcar agreed,00:24:43
but on one condition the son must00:24:46
promise that he will forever hate Rome00:24:48
and will defeat this Republic, so his son00:24:51
Hannibal became a00:24:57
weapon in the00:25:07
year BC A ghost wanders through the00:25:09
Roman Republic at its walls,00:25:11
his army is led by the man whom00:25:14
the Romans fear and hate more than anything00:25:16
in the world, a00:25:17
cannibal, the Great Carthaginian00:25:20
commander, a brilliant, cruel,00:25:24
inventive, Rome’s worst nightmare,00:25:28
as if by magic Hannibal smashed the defenses of00:25:33
Rome this magic was00:25:36
Hannibal's strategic genius and the use of the00:25:39
greatest achievements of military00:25:44
technology I have no doubt that00:25:47
Hannibal was one of the greatest00:25:50
commanders in00:25:51
history even perhaps the greatest of00:25:57
all00:25:58
Hannibal's genius developed from the00:26:00
irresistible desire to destroy Rome00:26:03
inherited from his00:26:05
father in 221 BC he00:26:09
had a chance to do this at the age of00:26:12
26, he took command of the Carthaginian00:26:15
army Hannibal was the true son of00:26:19
Hamilcar, he was a skilled politician, a brilliant00:26:23
strategist and00:26:25
military man, but his genius was manifested in the fact that00:26:30
he knew how to use the achievements00:26:33
that were at the disposal of00:26:36
Carthage, this iron commander00:26:38
organizes the most unusual military00:26:40
campaign in00:26:47
history Rome controlled the Mediterranean00:26:50
Sea, which means the race could not reach the00:26:53
enemy on00:26:55
ships, driven by the desire to keep the00:26:57
oath00:26:59
of his father, Gabal decided to accomplish the impossible to00:27:03
pass by land through the Alps in the heart of the00:27:06
Roman00:27:08
Empire, Hannibal knows that the enemy00:27:11
is superior to him in strength, that he has a00:27:13
huge army, but he developed a00:27:16
strategy that was supposed to bring00:27:18
him victory. He needs to bring the army to00:27:21
Italy with s mmi theirs00:27:28
before our era, 9,000 warriors,00:27:32
12,000 horses and 37 elephants took part in the NM;00:27:39
hundreds of elephants borrowed from their African neighbors were used in military operations years, they were a key00:27:41
element because the00:27:42
enemy cavalry could not resist them,00:27:45
so Hannibal decided to try00:27:47
to bring these animals to00:27:49
Italy. By October, they covered a distance of00:27:52
1000 km and faced the first serious00:27:55
obstacle of the stormy Rhone River in00:27:57
France,00:28:00
even at the narrowest point, the Rhone River at00:28:04
its best. In this case, it was from 100 to 200 meters00:28:09
wide. This was not an easy task for00:28:13
Hannibal’s engineers; a00:28:15
huge horde of warlike gals was waiting on the other bank,00:28:20
but first they had to overcome a00:28:23
potentially deadly storm; the00:28:27
river; Hannibal’s engineers had to00:28:29
tame00:28:31
nature itself; not only did the engineers have to00:28:34
create a00:28:36
miracle on the other bank of the army crowds of00:28:41
hostile local tribes were waiting for the00:28:46
Carthaginian builders to accomplish a00:28:48
real00:28:50
feat, they built several00:28:53
giant rafts on which cargo and00:28:55
animals were delivered to the00:28:56
opposite shore in record00:28:59
time, the rafts were 60 m long and 1500:29:05
wide, which means the length of one00:29:08
tree trunk was not enough, they had to be00:29:11
connected among00:29:13
themselves, this required special skills in00:29:17
knitting Strong00:29:19
knots quickly and in an organized manner00:29:21
Hanibal’s soldiers cut down a forest of huge trees00:29:25
and tied the trunks with ropes; the00:29:31
engineers also had to take into account the nature of the00:29:35
elephants by tying the logs. The soldiers covered them00:29:39
with branches and covered them with earth so that the00:29:41
animals thought that they were still on00:29:44
solid ground.00:29:46
surface when everything was ready,00:29:48
Hannibal gave the signal for the start of the operation, the gals, by00:29:53
his insolence, were00:29:57
confused by the soldiers, cavalry and00:30:00
elephants through the stormy00:30:05
river when he swam to the shore, the gals, in00:30:08
panic, fled without inflicting a00:30:10
single blow, the whole operation took a little00:30:14
more than 900:30:17
days for me it seems that crossing the Rhone in00:30:20
such a short time using00:30:23
only the simplest tools is one of the00:30:25
greatest achievements00:30:28
Sometimes we forget about such small00:30:31
technological00:30:32
miracles Hannibal and his army continued on their00:30:35
way and approached the foot of the00:30:38
Alps, winter was approaching and the army was powerless and00:30:43
starving as they climbed they00:30:45
encountered another The seemingly00:30:47
insurmountable obstacle of giant00:30:51
boulders, Hannibal's engineers developed00:30:54
a plan that would allow soldiers to pass00:30:56
through them,00:31:00
the passage through the Alps naturally00:31:02
shocked the inhabitants of00:31:05
Italy, no one expected that an army with00:31:08
elephants00:31:10
would overcome them and Although the Alps may00:31:14
seem00:31:16
impassable in places, the idea of making a passage00:31:18
inside the rock to guide the00:31:21
huge animals was It’s simply00:31:26
ingenious00:31:28
how Hannibal managed to lead people,00:31:30
not to mention animals, through00:31:32
giant00:31:34
boulders. The Roman historian Livy wrote that00:31:37
the commander, together with engineers, figured out00:31:39
how to literally move mountains,00:31:43
they cut deep cracks into the block, then00:31:50
lined it with heat, and then in Carthage00:31:53
they poured boiling vinegar into the cracks. rushed00:31:57
the block, people could have broken it with iron00:32:02
tools, where did Hanibal00:32:04
get so much vinegar if the story00:32:07
is true? And we think that this is so, otherwise00:32:10
how did he pass through the Alps? This speaks00:32:12
of the foresight of the brilliant00:32:15
commander, after the Alps00:32:17
were behind him, the sight of the plains of northern00:32:19
Italy will probably greatly encourage him00:32:26
army on00:32:28
August 2, 216 BC near the city of00:32:33
Cana in southern Italy, Hannibal met with the00:32:36
Roman army under the command of00:32:37
Terence Raven in a battle that would00:32:39
determine the fate of the two00:32:43
empires at dawn Hannibal set out On the00:32:48
fiftieth By that time,00:32:56
enemy mercenaries were added, sending the main00:33:00
forces to the center of Hannibal's front. was a00:33:03
fatal mistake,00:33:10
foresaw, ordered the cavalry to encircle the00:33:13
Romans,00:33:15
Hannibal studied00:33:18
the psychology of the enemy very well and was able to outwit00:33:21
him, lure the center so that his warriors could00:33:25
take the Romans into a ring, who found themselves00:33:33
in a vice, the Romans died00:33:35
almost without leaving the00:33:38
spot [music] only 3 s, thousands managed to00:33:41
escape 10th were captured and 70,00000:33:45
were left lying on the battlefield the Battle of00:33:49
Cannae became the greatest defeat of the00:33:51
Romans in the history of their00:33:56
empire00:33:58
can be traced back to no less than the First00:34:01
World War in which the genius of a00:34:04
military strategist was manifested Nolu failed to00:34:07
capitalize on this Victory he00:34:10
fought for another 13 years00:34:16
besieged over and over again he could defeat them in the00:34:19
open but did not have the necessary00:34:26
weapons00:34:28
went on the offensive and attacked00:34:32
Carthage the cannibal finally returned home00:34:36
To lead the00:34:38
defense in 204 BC, Scipio00:34:42
Africanus, who had already defeated Carthage00:34:45
in Spain, convinced Rome to allow him to00:34:48
attack Carthage directly00:34:50
called Hannibal out of the city, these00:34:54
two Mediterranean00:34:56
reasons, we don’t know what they said to each other00:34:59
in 202 BC, they00:35:03
met again in a battle with prizes and Hannibal00:35:06
was defeated, he was forced to surrender to the00:35:09
enemy whom he had been trying to destroy all his life,00:35:11
he did not fulfill the oaths given to00:35:14
his father Hannibal was expelled from Carthage and he00:35:17
soon committed00:35:22
suicide. The defeat of Carthage at the end of the second00:35:25
Punic00:35:26
in the ip again accept the terms of the00:35:30
Romans they surrender in 202 BC.00:35:34
Rome again sets harsh conditions for00:35:38
concluding peace. Carthage must00:35:40
pay an indemnity to Rome. Carthage also00:35:43
loses all its colonies, that is his00:35:45
possessions are now limited to the walls of the00:35:48
city. But the main condition of the agreement00:35:51
was that Carthage could not00:35:53
wage a single war without the consent of00:35:56
Rome, having00:35:58
deprived Carthage of its former military power, Rome00:36:02
opened the way for the conquest of the world,00:36:04
now nothing00:36:06
prevented him and his first goal would be the00:36:09
weakened city of Carthage. city00:36:13
path is only the fortification of the city the most powerful00:36:17
fortification of the Ancient00:36:18
World 150 BC Marcus Portius00:36:23
Cato Roman orator great-great-grandfather of the most00:36:25
implacable enemy of Julius Caesar Walked00:36:28
through the halls of the Roman Senate not noticing00:36:30
anything on his way all his thoughts were00:36:33
occupied with Carthage00:36:36
[music]00:36:39
Cato knew very well about Carthage's strategically00:36:42
advantageous position,00:36:45
he understood that as long as Carthage00:36:48
remained an independent00:36:50
unit, its proximity to Sicily and Italy00:36:56
would be dangerous to allow it to keep trade.00:37:00
Moreover, the military00:37:02
fleet Cato wanted to wipe out the hated00:37:05
city from the face of00:37:07
the earth at this time in the past,00:37:10
Carthage's ally Numidia began to attack the00:37:12
southern territories of its neighbor Carthage considers00:37:15
itself in the right to fight back. But since the00:37:18
second Punic War, it cannot00:37:20
fight with anyone without the consent of00:37:23
Rome. Rome sends a commission to00:37:27
sort out the dispute between the mussels and00:37:29
Carthage, and it is headed by00:37:33
Cato when Cato saw the wealth00:37:36
of Carthage, having recovered from defeat in the00:37:39
second Punic War, he returned to00:37:41
Rome and spoke before the Senate. He said00:37:45
that such prosperity means only00:37:47
one thing. Carthage will soon appear00:37:51
at the gates of Rome with a huge army, it doesn’t matter about00:37:54
the World Cup, he talked about roads. Poly,00:37:58
his speech ended with the00:38:00
same phrase. Carthage must be00:38:03
destroyed. Carthage, feeling that it will00:38:05
be razed to the ground and no Rome will00:38:07
help, takes up arms Rome sends an00:38:10
army that will call Carthage to00:38:12
order, its inhabitants must leave the city,00:38:14
but they refuse and the third00:38:17
Punic War begins. However, Rome00:38:19
faced a problem with the very fortifications00:38:22
in the ancient world00:38:26
of Carthage00:38:28
one foundation but in 14900:38:31
BC These walls were the last hope of the00:38:35
city. The fortification system consisted of00:38:38
three walls. The outer one was the most massive00:38:42
stone and was considered impregnable at that time. The00:38:47
walls of Carthage were a00:38:50
real wonder of the world and the townspeople00:38:53
counted on00:38:56
them but there were three lines of00:38:59
defense, the first - the ditch and behind it a low00:39:03
wall made of dug up earth was hidden behind it.00:39:06
Soldiers of the first line of defense were hiding under the threat of a00:39:09
serious attack. They could quickly00:39:11
retreat; the second wall was made of stone;00:39:14
this was the main line00:39:16
[music]00:39:17
of defense; behind the second wall stood an even00:39:20
more impregnable third 14 m high00:39:24
and no less than 9 m in the width of00:39:28
15 towers were located at intervals of00:39:31
180 meters, they had sentinels on duty behind this00:39:35
wall, part of the Carthaginian army lived00:39:37
20,000 soldiers and 300 elephants ready for00:39:41
any00:39:42
attack, the walls surrounding Carthage00:39:44
made it the most protected city in the00:39:46
Mediterranean, if not in the00:39:48
[music]00:39:50
world and in confrontation with Rome they were00:39:54
taking the00:39:58
ruba of Carthage, the commander in the third00:40:01
Punic War was Gabalus, on his00:40:04
initiative a war was launched with the Medes00:40:06
and he was supposed to lead the00:40:09
resistance, the Roman legions gathered00:40:12
near the walls of the city in Carthage, the Armed Forces hurriedly00:40:15
built a new line of00:40:17
defense, women gave their00:40:20
hair from Nivka for00:40:26
Kata released the prisoners, took from the00:40:30
Old Men those who had not touched the00:40:33
blacksmith's bellows for 20 years said I'll try00:40:37
again and they armed themselves with a determination00:40:41
comparable to that shown by00:40:43
Stalingrad during the siege of the city00:40:49
by the Germans. After 2 months of feverish00:40:52
work,00:40:56
600000:40:58
copies of 120 ships and 60,000 cores appeared at their disposal. for00:41:02
catapults, Carthage had a serious00:41:05
Arsenal of weapons, but the Roman forces were00:41:07
superior to the city, there was no place to wait for00:41:14
help from, the entire Mediterranean was00:41:17
either in the power of Rome or its00:41:21
allies, Carthage had no more00:41:24
colonies that could help, it was00:41:26
left alone00:41:27
[music]00:41:29
the city knelt down, hiding behind00:41:31
fortifications hoping against all odds that the00:41:34
walls would stop the Roman00:41:36
[music]00:41:37
invasion Carthage held off the00:41:40
Roman siege for 300:41:43
years the inhabitants did not give up even in the00:41:45
last moments after the00:41:48
Romans broke through the00:41:50
fortification and after 7 days the enemy reached the00:41:54
inner00:41:56
fortress00:41:58
Siege of the Romans00:42:03
to bleed the Romans broke through from the00:42:09
sea to in the city there were battles for every00:42:13
street, the resistance of a handful of Carthaginian00:42:16
riflemen was so fierce that00:42:18
Scipio Emilian ordered the city to be burned and00:42:21
razed to00:42:29
death, it was a firestorm, the00:42:33
city's inhabitants seemed to have fallen into00:42:35
hell, people00:42:42
fled during the siege, every00:42:45
tenth inhabitant of Carthage died, the00:42:47
city's population decreased from 500,000 to00:42:51
50 survivors were sold as slaves and they00:42:55
never returned home00:43:00
it took only 17 days to00:43:02
completely burn00:43:04
Carthage in the same 146 BC00:43:08
Rome wiped Corinth from the face of the earth, brought00:43:10
Greece under control and turned the Mediterranean into a00:43:13
personal swimming pool Carthage will rise from the00:43:16
dead on this once Rome is rebuilt00:43:19
like this amphitheater in El Jem by the 2nd century00:43:22
AD, Carthage will again become a00:43:24
thriving trading port and Although00:43:28
Rome will own it, the spirit and voices of Dido00:43:30
Ganon Hamilcar and Hanibal will00:43:33
hover among the Roman walls begging00:43:35
them not to be consigned to oblivion to remember their00:43:37
contribution to the development of civilization and if00:43:40
you listen you can still hear00:43:42
whispers among the ruins in the place where00:43:45
proud00:43:47
Carthage stood I Peter Wehler00:43:50
while production his Channel00:43:53
[music]00:43:56
fil00:43:58
NDescription:
Карфаген – страна неограниченных возможностей, появившаяся более 2 тысяч лет назад. Богатство, власть и амбиции позволили этим поселенцам построить империю, которая шестьсот лет держала в руках все Средиземноморье. Они сделали одни из самых значительных открытий Древнего мира и на родине и далеко за ее пределами. Главная их гордость – огромный порт с сотнями военных кораблей – основа самого внушительного флота античности.
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