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открытый

урок

срока

давности

ленинград

–

непокоренный

город

а.в.бугаевым

00:00:00

[music]

00:00:13

Hello dear guys Today we

00:00:16

will conduct a lesson that is dedicated to One of the

00:00:19

most important pages in the history of the Great

00:00:22

Patriotic War and our

00:00:24

history is the siege of Leningrad. The siege of

00:00:28

Leningrad has become a real

00:00:30

symbol of the feat and masculinity of the people

00:00:33

who lived in this city. In general, people

00:00:36

who live in our country But in

00:00:38

addition, the blockade of Leningrad is a war

00:00:41

crime. And most importantly, it

00:00:43

is a fact of genocide of the population

00:00:46

that was carried out by the

00:00:48

Nazi troops and

00:00:51

their accomplices, attention to the screen

00:00:54

[music]

00:00:56

dear friends,

00:00:58

special

00:01:01

tragic pages of Russian

00:01:03

history for 872 days are connected with the blockade of Leningrad in the besieged

00:01:06

Leningrad of the Leningrad region,

00:01:08

about a million of our citizens died,

00:01:11

mostly civilians against whom

00:01:13

real genocide was unleashed defending

00:01:17

Leningrad liberating the city. The Soviet

00:01:20

people made a tremendous contribution to the

00:01:22

approach of the Great Victory despite the

00:01:25

most difficult trials, Soviet citizens

00:01:28

rallied in the face of the threat and showed the

00:01:30

whole world an example of Perseverance and courage

00:01:34

with since the breaking of the siege of Leningrad,

00:01:36

80 years have passed; the feat of our

00:01:38

predecessors does not fade. On behalf of the

00:01:41

Minister of Education of the Russian

00:01:43

Federation, Sergei Sergeevich Kravtsov,

00:01:45

I would once again like to draw your attention to the fact that it is more

00:01:49

important than ever to carefully preserve the memory

00:01:53

of these events and we will continue to

00:01:55

pass it on to the younger generation.

00:01:58

After all, it is on such heroic

00:02:00

examples, we instill in children a sense

00:02:03

of patriotism, the

00:02:04

deepest respect for their history and the

00:02:07

history of their country,

00:02:11

of course, when we talk about the siege of

00:02:14

Leningrad, we remember the thousands of people

00:02:16

who lived in this city and, of course,

00:02:19

not all survived the siege. But

00:02:24

what happened from 1941 to We will see the year 1944 in the

00:02:30

city on the Neva in the following

00:02:33

video fragment. On June 22, 1941,

00:02:37

Nazi Germany attacked our

00:02:39

country. After getting used to quick

00:02:42

victories over Western countries, the Nazis

00:02:44

planned to end the war against the

00:02:46

Soviet Union in 6-8 weeks, break

00:02:49

into the rear and capture Moscow. and

00:02:52

Leningrad will be wiped off the face of the earth after the

00:02:55

defeat of the Soviet Army, the existence of

00:02:57

this city will not make any

00:02:59

sense, wrote Adolf Hitler. Therefore, in

00:03:02

September 1941, in order not to incur

00:03:05

heavy losses during the assault on Leningrad, the

00:03:07

German command issued a directive

00:03:09

which literally said the following:

00:03:11

we propose to tightly blockade the city and level it

00:03:14

from the ground with the help of

00:03:16

artillery of all calibers and continuous

00:03:19

bombing from the air, this task

00:03:21

was to be carried out by the fascist troops of

00:03:23

Army Group North in order to close the

00:03:25

deadly ring around Leningrad,

00:03:27

the Germans transferred to the city additional

00:03:29

Armed units formed

00:03:32

in Belgium Italy Spain Netherlands

00:03:35

Norway as well as Volunteers from among the

00:03:38

Austrians Latvians Poles French and

00:03:41

Chekhov On September 8,

00:03:43

1941, after the capture of Shlisselburg,

00:03:47

the history of the blockade of Leningrad began, one

00:03:50

of the most tragic events of the Great

00:03:52

Patriotic War. The Nazis were sure

00:03:55

that this siege would not be long, because in the

00:03:57

besieged city there were 3 million

00:03:59

people left, 400 thousand of them were children. There were no such

00:04:02

significant food supplies in

00:04:04

Leningrad. to all forecasts

00:04:06

Even with the strictest economy of

00:04:09

food and fuel in the city, there was a

00:04:11

maximum of 60 days left in the city in besieged

00:04:13

Leningrad, famine began

00:04:16

so that there was enough food for everyone, they began to

00:04:18

issue food on cards. But every month the

00:04:21

norm for issuing became less and

00:04:23

less, and by the end of 1941, children in the

00:04:27

besieged In Leningrad they received only 125

00:04:29

grams of bread; the worker’s ration was a little

00:04:32

more than 200 grams, and even these 125 grams

00:04:36

were not bread and they

00:04:39

added everything that could be edible from pure

00:04:40

flour; wallpaper dust; potholes from burlap; sawdust

00:04:44

and even cake; in besieged Leningrad,

00:04:46

fuel supplies in residential buildings ran out

00:04:49

the electricity was turned off in the houses, the

00:04:52

water supply system was broken, the sewage system was partially destroyed,

00:04:54

people were dying of hunger and

00:04:57

cold in their apartments, hospitals and

00:05:00

even on the streets, my

00:05:03

grandmother died on January 25 at three o'clock in the afternoon,

00:05:08

1942

00:05:10

Leka died on March 17 at 5 o'clock in the morning,

00:05:16

1942 my

00:05:18

mother

00:05:20

died on May 13

00:05:23

in 7:30 o'clock in the morning

00:05:25

1942 how will I live without my mother This is

00:05:30

Tanya Savicheva's diary the most terrible 9

00:05:33

pages of clouds of Leningrad written by an

00:05:36

11-year-old girl and the last entry the

00:05:39

Savichevs died died everyone was left alone

00:05:44

Tanya children of the blockade those of them who could still

00:05:48

move despite scurvy dystrophy

00:05:50

next to the adults they fought for every

00:05:52

minute of the life of the condemned Leningrad they

00:05:55

repaired the clothes of the wounded and cut bandages

00:05:57

they carried water they chopped firewood they delivered

00:06:00

letters home and spoke to the

00:06:03

families of the Red Guards the younger guys

00:06:05

stood in lines for bread they went to the

00:06:08

Neva for water And they were also on duty

00:06:11

on the roofs every day and extinguished German

00:06:12

incendiary shells during the siege

00:06:15

of Leningrad, about 150

00:06:18

thousand shells were fired and more than 107

00:06:20

thousand

00:06:24

citizens were dropped during the artillery shelling, this side of

00:06:27

the street is the most dangerous,

00:06:31

such inscriptions in besieged Leningrad were

00:06:33

applied to the Northern and North-Eastern

00:06:35

sides of the streets, the Nazis fired at the city

00:06:38

from the Pulkovo heights and from Strelna,

00:06:41

both adults and children saved from bombing and

00:06:44

fire the incredible beauty of St. Isaac's and

00:06:46

Kazan Cathedrals of the Winter Palace,

00:06:48

masterpieces of the Hermitage and Peterhof in besieged

00:06:52

Leningrad, Shostakovich began writing his

00:06:54

famous seventh symphony, here

00:06:56

Olga Berggolts read her poems Leningrad Didn't

00:06:59

give up, stood because she fought for him the

00:07:02

whole country, or as

00:07:04

those who benefited from the Big Land said back then,

00:07:11

Leningrad could only maintain communication with the Big Land

00:07:13

by air or by

00:07:15

water across Lake Ladoga, and this is how

00:07:19

the Road of Life appeared in documents

00:07:22

and on maps, it was listed as military

00:07:24

highway number 101, your

00:07:28

one and a half car carries food

00:07:30

for 10 thousand rations for 10 thousand people,

00:07:32

driver save these lives, such a sign

00:07:36

greeted every driver driving

00:07:38

onto the ice of the Ladoga Road of Life and they

00:07:41

saved the enemy under shelling and bombing, the

00:07:46

driver’s path was constantly in wait for

00:07:48

danger such as ice, so no one

00:07:51

closed the doors.

00:07:54

This was the only chance to have

00:07:58

time to jump out of the sinking cars in

00:08:00

just one day on November 29, 1941,

00:08:05

52 cars went under water

00:08:10

despite everything in November on thin

00:08:13

ice. Roads of life Leningrad

00:08:15

delivered about 100 tons of cargo daily by

00:08:17

December this figure increased by 3 and by January

00:08:20

by 10 times on the way back the same cars

00:08:23

transported exhausted people from Leningrad

00:08:25

in two years, the Soviet military was able to

00:08:27

evacuate one million 376

00:08:31

thousand people in Ladoga, mostly

00:08:33

old people, women and children, according to the testimony of

00:08:36

one of the drivers who worked on the road of

00:08:38

life, Alexander Nikolaevich Shabov, the

00:08:40

hardest thing was not jumping a standing

00:08:43

car onto the ice, not shelling and not fighting the

00:08:45

cold, the hardest thing was not to give the

00:08:48

newly evacuated

00:08:50

exhausted people food to eat, otherwise a quick death awaited them. It

00:08:53

was especially difficult to come to an agreement

00:08:55

with the children, only three percent of the Leningraders who died during the

00:08:58

siege were killed by bombs

00:09:00

and shells, and people died every day from hunger and cold in the

00:09:03

city 6 -7 thousand

00:09:05

people now it’s hard for us to even

00:09:07

imagine what kind of trials

00:09:09

these people had to go through, having gathered all their strength,

00:09:12

they tried not just to survive but

00:09:15

to maintain respect, first of all, for

00:09:17

themselves, few people know, but the residents of

00:09:20

Leningrad, dying of hunger,

00:09:22

preserved their zoo, not a single animal

00:09:25

during the blockade was not eaten up by the

00:09:27

Leningraders, by their example they proved that

00:09:29

even in war, in the most difficult situation, a

00:09:31

Man can and must remain a

00:09:33

man. I am 60, as the Germans planned, and

00:09:42

Leningrad, besieged by enemies, survived for 872 days. On January 18, 1943, as a

00:09:46

result of the offensive

00:09:48

operation Iskra, the troops of the Leningrad and

00:09:50

Volkhov fronts broke through ring of

00:09:53

the blockade and on January 27, 1944, the city on

00:09:57

the Neva was completely liberated

00:10:01

after watching this video I would

00:10:03

really like to share with you the usual

00:10:06

numbers 3 million people lived in

00:10:09

Leningrad before the blockade began and 400 thousand

00:10:12

among them were children

00:10:15

The blockade lasted 872 days 125 grams of bread

00:10:21

for a child was given for one day, we

00:10:23

understand that these are numbers, but behind each of these

00:10:26

numbers there is a real human life, the

00:10:30

fate of people, and today in

00:10:33

our lesson we will work with

00:10:35

sources, sources, we will have personal

00:10:38

diary entries and they are the

00:10:41

real evidence of the heroism of the

00:10:44

courage of our Soviet citizens and the very

00:10:48

real crimes of the Nazis We

00:10:51

have

00:10:52

these documents in the hall and those who wish can

00:10:56

now read these fragments

00:10:58

please with an open hand You can

00:11:01

just read it please We

00:11:04

have the first people who want to listen

00:11:06

Galya Zimnitskaya 14 years old siege

00:11:10

schoolgirl survived the siege on December 2,

00:11:14

1941 in the hospital all the

00:11:18

glass in the rooms has blown out; darkness from the plywood patches

00:11:20

in the windows; most of the wounded, especially seriously,

00:11:22

are in a bomb shelter; the

00:11:26

consequences of the raid are being urgently eliminated;

00:11:27

glass is being inserted;

00:11:40

lamps, a fire started in two places,

00:11:43

which in the confusion was not immediately

00:11:45

noticed. And yet, the fire was extinguished on their

00:11:48

own before the firefighters arrived.

00:11:50

One wounded man admitted to me that he

00:11:54

was not as scared at the front as here,

00:11:56

everything is clear where the enemy is coming from where to

00:12:00

shoot. Where to shoot? And here you feel driven

00:12:02

beast

00:12:04

I helped remove garbage from the wards until late in the evening,

00:12:06

took it out into the yard Broken

00:12:08

glass, plaster, cuttings of plywood

00:12:12

Thank you very much for

00:12:14

reading these lines to us, you bring history to life,

00:12:17

please those who still want to

00:12:20

read these entries, please We

00:12:23

have someone who wants to

00:12:24

Galya Zemnitskaya 14 years old blockade

00:12:27

schoolgirl survived blockade of December 4,

00:12:32

1941 hunger sucks day and night Uncle

00:12:36

Misha can barely move his

00:12:39

legs are weakened his mother has changed beyond recognition his

00:12:42

grandmother has dried up all over, but

00:12:45

has become more mobile than before the skin on her face

00:12:48

and body hangs in skinny folds Sasha

00:12:51

works in the hostel of the tram park of

00:12:53

Kalinin's name day as a castellan washes

00:12:56

bed linen at night, dries damp

00:12:58

clothes and shoes, generally disappears there for

00:13:01

days since the trams don’t run, it’s

00:13:04

profitable conductors are now busy

00:13:06

with different jobs, clears the roads from

00:13:08

snow, collects firewood and the

00:13:10

like, now the grandmother receives a work

00:13:13

card, but unfortunately, except for bread on

00:13:16

cards in the store There is nothing yet, I

00:13:19

have seen many times how slaves are carried on a sled

00:13:22

or sewn up in a sheet in the

00:13:25

direction of the Shuvalovsky cemetery

00:13:28

Thank you very much when you hear these

00:13:30

lines these words It is difficult to imagine that

00:13:34

these are the words of a person who was an eyewitness

00:13:37

and participant in these events please still

00:13:41

eat we have people who want to read these very

00:13:43

lines of diary entries Yes, we

00:13:46

still have people who want to, please let's

00:13:47

pass the microphone above Yura Ryabinkin 16

00:13:51

years old, a blockade survivor, a schoolboy died in 1942,

00:13:55

December 5, 1941, my mother has the right to

00:14:00

always trust in the best, now we must

00:14:02

believe that we are evacuating, this is how it should

00:14:05

be and although my mother can barely walk, she will

00:14:09

recover, although she is born with pain in her

00:14:11

left side, she will go away, although her mother has no shoes, we do

00:14:15

n’t have felt boots or warm clothes. We will break out of

00:14:17

this hungry tribe of

00:14:19

Leningrad, but now it’s already evening, there is

00:14:22

an alarm, anti-aircraft guns are drinking, bombs are exploding, the

00:14:26

most terrible lottery is being played out where

00:14:28

the gain for a person is life and the loss is

00:14:31

death This is life hunger severe hunger

00:14:36

Thank you very much we have heard the

00:14:39

diary entries of the residents of Leningrad

00:14:42

who lived during the blockade in this

00:14:44

city and we understand with you that the

00:14:47

residents of Leningrad did not give up mother

00:14:50

says that you need to believe in the best thing

00:14:53

is a quote from the Diary and we see that

00:14:57

life in the city did not stop, it

00:14:59

continued. It’s hard to believe

00:15:02

it always really fascinated me that on May 31,

00:15:05

1942, a physical education festival was held in the city,

00:15:08

one of the central events of

00:15:11

this holiday. It was a football match

00:15:12

that took place at the stadium Dynamo

00:15:16

teams played Dynamo Leningrad and the

00:15:18

Ennsky factory team, the score of the match was 6:0

00:15:21

but there were no losers, there were winners, there

00:15:25

were people who came to the stadium, there were

00:15:29

people who played football. Despite the fact that the

00:15:31

city was in a tight ring of the enemy,

00:15:34

the city continued to live, and exactly 872

00:15:38

days later The blockade was lifted. But in addition, there was a

00:15:43

breakthrough of the blockade of Leningrad. We will now

00:15:45

hear with you about how people wrote about

00:15:49

this in their diaries, and of course we are

00:15:51

writing to you, dear guys, so that anyone

00:15:53

who wants to read these diary

00:15:56

entries, please, we have those who want to. Yes,

00:15:58

I see you, please

00:16:01

Claudia Orlova 18 years old siege survivor

00:16:06

pharmacist

00:16:08

January 18,

00:16:10

1943 we are sitting in the evening drinking tea but what

00:16:16

is the

00:16:17

breaking of the siege of Leningrad I can’t believe my

00:16:22

ears but the radio can’t lie it means

00:16:25

hunger will go away they will bring us food cheers to

00:16:29

the rejoicing There was no end we went out into the

00:16:32

street Although it was already 12 o’clock at night all

00:16:36

night they couldn’t sleep people kissed

00:16:39

each other hugged and cried

00:16:42

Thank you very much Let’s hear more

00:16:45

fragments from the diary entries

00:16:48

Moreover, this is a very important historical

00:16:50

source please Ksenia Vladimirovna

00:16:52

Polzikova scar 54 years old poster

00:16:55

teacher January 19,

00:16:58

1943 8 o’clock I’m going to school there I can already

00:17:03

hear children joyful,

00:17:05

excited voices Congratulations congratulations to

00:17:08

the office teachers joyfully greet

00:17:10

each other each of the children wants to

00:17:13

tell how he found out about the breaking of

00:17:15

the blockade

00:17:16

we were not sleeping when the radio started talking mom

00:17:20

opened the door to the corridor and screamed

00:17:22

come come quickly Victory all the residents of

00:17:25

the apartment crowded into our room and

00:17:28

everyone was crying says excitedly one of the

00:17:30

girls I was sleeping and in a dream I saw that they were saying

00:17:34

that the Blockade had been broken in the morning

00:17:37

I told my mother she said you didn’t

00:17:41

see a dream but heard the radio through a dream. Then

00:17:44

I’m jumping and I don’t know why I started to

00:17:47

quickly get dressed, Kolya says the

00:17:50

dining room is bright and joyful

00:17:53

We hold a meeting for the seniors right after breakfast and for the

00:17:56

younger ones after the first lesson, the children and

00:17:59

teachers are beaming, can you imagine these are the words

00:18:01

of the teacher, my colleagues Honestly, I

00:18:05

couldn’t even imagine what happened in

00:18:07

Leningrad In besieged Leningrad,

00:18:09

classes continued to be taught and the school year

00:18:12

went on, it’s amazing what my colleague teachers

00:18:16

wrote immediately two lesson notes,

00:18:18

one if there is no bombing and the second

00:18:22

if there is a bombing,

00:18:24

two lesson notes so that if

00:18:27

something happens, go to the bomb shelter and

00:18:28

continue the lesson there

00:18:30

and always children. In addition to writing their

00:18:34

class number of the school, they wrote the number of the

00:18:38

boom shelter on their notebooks And you and I

00:18:40

will listen to one more fragment. I think

00:18:43

that we still have people who want

00:18:45

to tell us and read the diary

00:18:47

entry. Yes, please, we also have a

00:18:50

source, a historical source, and

00:18:53

you understand, we feel the invisible thread

00:18:55

that is being

00:18:57

stretched After 80 years, our

00:19:00

ancestors are stretching out, please

00:19:03

18 years blockade schoolgirl January 19,

00:19:08

1943 The blockade was broken What could

00:19:12

be stronger than these words no words

00:19:15

can express the joy of a liberated

00:19:17

Leningrader for exactly 17 months we were

00:19:20

surrounded by a continuous ring of enemies Now

00:19:23

we are connected to the mainland

00:19:26

strangers hug and kiss each other on the

00:19:28

street remember all their experiences and I can’t believe

00:19:31

125 grams of bread, dead people lying on the

00:19:35

street No, it was a very long time ago, it

00:19:39

seems like a nightmare, a heavy, painful

00:19:41

dream, but it all really happened

00:19:45

because a vile enemy surrounded our city,

00:19:47

trying to take it, tortured us in every possible way,

00:19:50

thought to conquer it, but nothing came of it

00:19:52

how Leningraders do not give up and

00:19:55

every German will feel this sushi filthy

00:19:58

nose to our country on his back

00:20:01

these words are filled with the real

00:20:04

emotions of people who survived that

00:20:08

terrible blockade and every word in these

00:20:11

historical sources confirms the

00:20:13

feat of our ancestors the feat of the Soviet

00:20:16

people who were able not only to survive the

00:20:19

blockade but also subsequently to

00:20:21

win the Great Patriotic War in

00:20:24

order to plunge even further into the

00:20:27

events that took place 80 years ago, we will

00:20:30

watch another video fragment

00:20:33

so that the words about the blockade of Leningrad,

00:20:36

the famine, the famine and about 125 g of bread do not

00:20:40

get lost and do not become routine

00:20:42

phrases from the history textbook we tried to

00:20:44

rely on facts on the video chronicle

00:20:47

Memoirs of eyewitnesses cold

00:20:49

statistics figures Let's look at the

00:20:51

documentary footage that was filmed by

00:20:53

doctors immediately after the breaking of the siege of

00:20:56

Leningrad In 1943, the

00:21:10

patient had a pronounced adenoma

00:21:14

The patient slowly undresses

00:21:17

slowly moves

00:21:19

according to updated information for 872 days of

00:21:23

the siege in Leningrad, more than 1 million

00:21:25

people died, usually a slow death of starvation,

00:21:28

more than a million women, children, old people, what

00:21:31

is this if not genocide, what is this if not the

00:21:34

deliberate destruction of a people, the

00:21:37

term genocide itself was first heard in

00:21:39

Nuremberg during a military tribunal,

00:21:41

then the

00:21:43

top officials of Nazi Germany,

00:21:45

accused of genocide and the commission of

00:21:48

war crimes against humanity.

00:21:50

Unfortunately, in the work of the Nuremberg

00:21:52

Tribunal, the blockade of Leningrad never

00:21:54

received a full legal assessment. And on

00:21:57

October 20, 2022, the St. Petersburg

00:22:00

City Court recognized the blockade of Leningrad

00:22:02

during the Great Patriotic War

00:22:04

as a crime against humanity,

00:22:06

genocide of the Soviet people, 80

00:22:09

years later this the historical error was

00:22:11

corrected so that this terrible story would

00:22:14

never be repeated again, the

00:22:16

great Russian commander Alexander

00:22:18

Vasilyevich Suvorov said the

00:22:20

war ends when the

00:22:22

last soldier is buried, add and the

00:22:26

last war criminal is punished,

00:22:29

historians have been

00:22:33

collecting the entire history of the Great

00:22:37

Patriotic War bit by bit for many years and

00:22:39

this is being done In order to preserve the

00:22:41

memory of what is an important

00:22:45

page in the history of our country, I would like to

00:22:47

give the floor to the rector of the

00:22:49

Moscow Pedagogical

00:22:50

State University, Doctor of

00:22:53

Historical Sciences Alexei Vladimirovich

00:22:56

Lubkov

00:22:57

80 years ago, on January 18,

00:23:01

1943, as a result of the successfully

00:23:05

carried out

00:23:06

military operation Iskra, the

00:23:09

ring of the blockade was broken, which for

00:23:14

Leningrad was surrounded for two years,

00:23:19

it was a great victory and great

00:23:22

joy for the residents of the besieged city

00:23:26

for the whole country,

00:23:28

for more than two years the city was under

00:23:34

siege, subjected to

00:23:36

air raids and artillery shelling, and

00:23:41

despite hunger and the most difficult

00:23:45

living conditions, the city stood, fought and

00:23:50

won, one more year remained until the

00:23:54

complete blockade of Leningrad, but already this

00:23:59

important success made it possible to connect the

00:24:03

city with the Mainland

00:24:06

not only through the road of life, which

00:24:08

was laid in winter on the ice of

00:24:13

Lake Ladoga, but also to build a railway to

00:24:17

connect Leningrad with the Mainland and

00:24:20

make it possible to

00:24:22

systematically and systematically supply the city of

00:24:26

Lenin

00:24:29

City on the Neva has always been a symbol of the

00:24:33

Resilience of the firmness of the Russian

00:24:37

Soviet Russian spirit Despite all the

00:24:42

difficult moments

00:24:45

days weeks months years

00:24:48

Leningraders, its defenders

00:24:51

fought, lived, won and created will

00:24:57

forever remain in our culture in

00:25:02

our national consciousness, the exploits of

00:25:04

Leningraders, the exploits of its defenders and the

00:25:09

exploits of its creators among them and Olga

00:25:13

Berggolts and Vsevolod Vishnevsky and

00:25:17

Dmitry Shostakovich

00:25:19

and our colleagues,

00:25:21

teachers, staff and students of the

00:25:24

Leningrad State

00:25:26

Pedagogical Institute named after

00:25:29

Alexander Ivanovich Herzen, who,

00:25:32

despite the Blockade,

00:25:35

taught classes even in this difficult time

00:25:40

and carried out their high Great

00:25:44

mission to pass on values from one generation to

00:25:47

another and the traditions of our

00:25:51

culture, our history of our

00:25:54

education,

00:25:56

we have always been together with the Herzen State Pedagogical University

00:26:01

today, the Russian

00:26:02

State Pedagogical

00:26:04

University, and our biography also

00:26:07

has a lot in common because our then

00:26:10

Lenin Pedagogical Institute

00:26:14

worked here in Moscow almost the entire war, only for

00:26:17

one month, we interrupted for a while the

00:26:20

state of siege, but then in December 41 we were

00:26:24

one of the first to open our doors to

00:26:28

students. This suggests that our

00:26:32

people,

00:26:34

our

00:26:36

spirit, is invincible and today we must

00:26:41

remember to know this and rely on these glorious

00:26:44

traditions when we turn to the history of the

00:26:49

siege of Leningrad, we must understand

00:26:52

that it was not just an operation to

00:26:56

encircle the city, it was a direct genocide of the

00:27:00

Soviet people, and today, as part of the

00:27:03

project Without a statute of limitations, we again and

00:27:06

again turn to these tragic and

00:27:09

heroic pages of our history so

00:27:11

that our students, our students, the

00:27:15

new generations of Russians will always remember the

00:27:19

feat their grandfathers, great-grandfathers,

00:27:24

and I think that this is the most important thing to leave

00:27:28

in the hearts of the current generation the memory of a

00:27:32

great feat. No one is forgotten and nothing is

00:27:37

forgotten, as we see, justice

00:27:41

has triumphed. On October 20, 2022, the

00:27:46

St. Petersburg court satisfied the claim of the

00:27:49

St. Petersburg prosecutor's office and recognized the

00:27:53

blockade of Leningrad as military a crime

00:27:55

and a crime against humanity, the

00:27:59

victims and those killed in this case

00:28:03

were recognized, just think about it, 1

00:28:06

million

00:28:07

ninety-three thousand people

00:28:10

Dear guys, our lesson is coming to

00:28:13

an end Do you have any questions

00:28:16

questions about what we discussed today

00:28:22

Imagine Please ask your

00:28:24

questions

00:28:26

Nikita Institute of History politics Thank you

00:28:29

very much for the lesson and I would like to know

00:28:32

why it is so important now, after 80 years,

00:28:36

to talk about these events, the question is important and

00:28:40

I would really like to

00:28:42

answer it by inviting our

00:28:44

expert today, the

00:28:46

first vice-rector of the Moscow

00:28:48

Pedagogical State

00:28:49

University, candidates of pedagogical

00:28:51

sciences Natalya Yurievna Sklyarova please

00:28:58

thank you thank you

00:29:00

always the

00:29:01

end of the lesson is a difficult matter, the attention is

00:29:05

scattered, the guys are tired, but I look

00:29:09

at your faces and see how interesting the topic is to you

00:29:13

and not only interesting. It

00:29:16

touches your soul, you know. Once again

00:29:19

I am convinced of the law that you are our

00:29:23

children, you are our children, our grandchildren,

00:29:27

dear high school students, dear

00:29:31

my colleagues, future teachers of Russia,

00:29:36

preparing for this lesson and like any

00:29:40

teacher,

00:29:42

I write my notes and think, why am

00:29:45

I a mathematics teacher here? It’s

00:29:49

easier for me to explain

00:29:51

mathematical laws, algebra, geometry,

00:29:53

why am I here and that’s why this question

00:29:57

that you asked me, Nikita, you know it’s

00:30:00

just the same answers what I was talking about

00:30:03

all evening yesterday, preparing for this hand, I was

00:30:06

thinking why why and why this is

00:30:10

important to me.

00:30:11

For me personally,

00:30:13

historical memory is the

00:30:17

binding solution of our native home of

00:30:21

Russia, it consists of days, months, years,

00:30:28

centuries, filled with actions,

00:30:33

events, thoughts,

00:30:36

not only some then abstract people

00:30:39

and you and me, your parents,

00:30:45

grandparents, ancestors in the fourth, tenth,

00:30:49

twentieth generation, this is what we

00:30:53

talked about today. Why did we talk about

00:30:56

sad events? Why did we talk about

00:30:59

genocide? Because today there is a

00:31:03

mental war, a war to

00:31:11

tear your children and grandchildren away from your parents from your

00:31:15

grandparents from our common history

00:31:18

from those traditions from those values

00:31:22

that we looked at today they are

00:31:25

big global they are small

00:31:27

note not a single animal in dying

00:31:32

Leningrad was eaten or killed or quietly

00:31:37

stolen although children died in the

00:31:43

same way what remained was a gene pool consisting of seeds,

00:31:47

which

00:31:49

our scientists then sowed in the fields of our

00:31:52

great Great Motherland. How much strength of

00:31:55

Perseverance and courage was in you and me,

00:31:58

and in my ancestors. My

00:32:04

dear grandfather lost his leg; his second grandfather protects my

00:32:06

own hometown of Rostov-on-Don.

00:32:08

stood opposite the

00:32:12

Kwanton army defending the eastern

00:32:14

borders of our Russia,

00:32:16

my grandmother and mother are witnesses to the same

00:32:20

sad events And the Dean of our

00:32:23

people rushed and just recently

00:32:25

quite My mother, thank God, She was still

00:32:27

alive, she was already telling my grandchildren, they are

00:32:31

almost your age, that the history of

00:32:34

the genocide of the people is not whose -History

00:32:37

is our history. My mother

00:32:39

told me how before

00:32:42

people were taken to Zmievskaya ravine and

00:32:45

shot, destroyed, they were taken in

00:32:47

special cars and there were windows with

00:32:49

metal rods, and my

00:32:53

mother, as a child, together with her

00:32:55

mother and grandmother, all the other women on the street,

00:32:57

regardless to the fact that their painter

00:32:59

was shooting, they ran to these cars when they

00:33:03

stopped in front of the closing

00:33:05

railway barrier and the adults

00:33:09

picked up the children, my mother, they threw

00:33:11

there the remains of their food, carrots,

00:33:16

potatoes, pieces of bread, everything

00:33:19

they had Rostov was under occupation for two and a half years,

00:33:22

they were taken to death I didn’t know,

00:33:24

but they talked and my mother told me. They

00:33:27

just said this to my grandchildren and cried.

00:33:29

Don’t forget us. You remember. That’s why

00:33:35

I realized for myself that it’s

00:33:39

important for me to talk and talk while looking at your

00:33:43

sympathetic eyes. It’s not for nothing that the President of

00:33:46

Russia Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin

00:33:48

is meeting now the residents of

00:33:50

besieged Leningrad just said those words

00:33:53

that will probably resonate in

00:33:56

everyone’s heart, he said that

00:33:57

historical memory must be preserved

00:34:01

precisely so that such tragedies

00:34:05

that our people experienced during the

00:34:07

Great Patriotic War never

00:34:10

happen again; alas, it makes practical sense so

00:34:13

that we can respond in a timely manner to those that

00:34:17

arise in in relation to our country,

00:34:19

threats

00:34:21

that Unfortunately,

00:34:24

we are witnessing today and therefore this

00:34:28

timely response of the President

00:34:32

to the announcement of a special military operation

00:34:35

and the actions of our

00:34:39

men there is

00:34:42

evidence that you and I are on the

00:34:46

right path,

00:34:48

otherwise what is shown to us

00:34:53

on television is what is happening in the Donbass

00:34:56

and we We convince you during personal

00:34:59

meetings with the residents of Donbass that it could be

00:35:04

on our territory,

00:35:07

and Vasily Osipovich Klyuchevsky, the famous

00:35:10

ancestor of ours, said history

00:35:15

punishes for ignorance of the lessons, so it is important

00:35:19

that Personally, we and you personally, because

00:35:24

everyone in the family has exactly these are the

00:35:27

bricks that make up the building,

00:35:30

our home is our home and the stronger our

00:35:35

memory. Moreover, I emphasize what is effective

00:35:37

in business, here we are in class today.

00:35:39

This is our business with you, and the stronger

00:35:43

this solution, the stronger our home means. And the

00:35:47

kinder our

00:35:51

the more comfortable and warmer it is for our hearts

00:35:54

to remember these tragic events,

00:35:58

in my opinion this is our duty. After all, they

00:36:01

said you will remember because the

00:36:05

genocide of the Soviet people in those years was

00:36:07

genocide. Today it really

00:36:11

has no statute of limitations. Thank you

00:36:15

[applause]

00:36:23

very much Natalya Yuryevna for your words,

00:36:27

our lesson is coming to an end, but I would like to

00:36:31

tell you that you can

00:36:34

learn more about what happened in the history of

00:36:38

our country, including the history of the

00:36:40

Great Patriotic War, using the

00:36:42

project Without a statute of limitations using a

00:36:44

large number of different platforms and

00:36:48

book resources using my

00:36:50

history teachers and of course I would like to end with

00:36:53

the words of Olga Bertgolts No one is forgotten and

00:36:57

nothing is forgotten Thank you very much the lesson

00:37:01

is over

00:37:04

[applause]

00:37:09

[music]

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