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история римской армии

римская армия

армия рима

армия римской империи

легионы рима

легионы римской империи

рим

древний рим

история древнего рима

история

наука

история древнего мира

античность

античная история

археология

римская империя

царский период древнего рима

легионеры

легионеры рима

римляне

aquila

аквила

оружие древнего рима

миркораблей

корабли

worldofwarships

00:00:01

ancient rome was

00:00:02

a state that conquered the peoples of europe and

00:00:06

africa and asia britain throughout the world and the

00:00:10

roman soldiers were famous for their iron

00:00:13

discipline although to tell the truth

00:00:16

it wasn’t always so iron but they were

00:00:22

definitely famous for their ability to defeat legions the roman commanders

00:00:25

went from victory to victory although certainly

00:00:29

There were also severe defeats until, in the end,

00:00:36

all the peoples of the Mediterranean found themselves under the weight of a soldier’s boot. The

00:00:39

Roman army at different times had

00:00:42

different numbers, number of legions,

00:00:45

different formations, and so on, with the

00:00:48

improvement of military art,

00:00:51

weapons, tactics and

00:00:54

strategy changed, and as a result, the nature of the

00:00:56

battle itself,

00:00:58

all this invariably influenced the composition of the army

00:01:01

as a whole, the Roman army was transformed,

00:01:05

changed and eventually became the military

00:01:08

machine that managed to create a great

00:01:11

empire,

00:01:15

initially during the tsarist period and during

00:01:18

most of the period of the republic,

00:01:20

universal conscription of Roman

00:01:23

citizens was a vital necessity,

00:01:26

only conscription into the army of everyone who was

00:01:29

able to bear arms could protect

00:01:32

a small state from enemies and

00:01:35

Rome had many of them over time, the

00:01:39

recruitment system improved and

00:01:41

became more complicated, but initially the Roman

00:01:44

troops had all citizens capable of

00:01:47

holding weapons and repelling the enemy,

00:01:50

conscription and civil rights

00:01:53

were closely linked

00:01:55

so that with exemption from military

00:01:57

service the

00:01:58

right was also taken away voices in the century,

00:02:01

the Romans, not without reason, believed that

00:02:04

although defending the fatherland is a sacred

00:02:08

duty, a soldier becomes

00:02:10

truly brave when he has something to

00:02:13

protect, and so over time, the presence of

00:02:16

wealth and rich people in society gave

00:02:19

rise to a military hierarchy: the

00:02:24

army began to serve as young men of 17 years old and

00:02:28

up to 45 in the field Infantry units after

00:02:33

forty-five to sixty

00:02:35

mainly served in fortresses;

00:02:38

persons

00:02:41

participating in 20 companies in the infantry and

00:02:44

10 in the cavalry were exempt from service; the

00:02:47

class of riders

00:02:48

were wealthy citizens who

00:02:52

could maintain a horse; their service

00:02:54

lasted 16 to 46 years;

00:02:58

then people who reached this age

00:03:01

were in the reserve up to 60 years, the service life

00:03:06

also changed over time, however, it should be

00:03:09

understood that the Roman army at that

00:03:12

time did not yet have the status of a permanent

00:03:15

professional army during the conquest of

00:03:18

Italy when wars were fought close to

00:03:21

home and military campaigns were usually

00:03:24

short-term, lasting a few

00:03:26

months, the Romans usually at the end of the year the

00:03:30

soldiers were sent home, where they

00:03:32

returned to their usual civilian

00:03:35

life, and for the next companies in the spring

00:03:38

they recruited a new army; all military men

00:03:42

were obliged to buy weapons and equipment

00:03:45

at their own expense; only the proletarians, as the

00:03:49

poorest class of society,

00:03:51

were exempt from military service and

00:03:53

paying taxes; they served the fatherland

00:03:56

only by doing so that they produced offspring

00:03:59

good service I like

00:04:05

578 535 BC the administration of the

00:04:10

legendary Servius Tullius 6 of the Roman

00:04:14

kings carried out an extensive military

00:04:17

reform, all citizens of Rome,

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regardless of origin,

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but only on the basis of

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property status, were divided

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into several classes,

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each of these classes was obliged to

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field a certain number of

00:04:33

century or hundreds of fighters, and

00:04:38

even the armament of these warriors was separately stipulated; the

00:04:41

richest citizens

00:04:43

whose property was estimated at no less

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than 100 thousand aces; this is such an ancient

00:04:49

small coin; they were obliged to field 80

00:04:53

century; these were the most heavily

00:04:56

armed warriors;

00:04:59

citizens who owned from 75 to 100 thousand and they

00:05:03

themselves exhibited the 20th century, these warriors

00:05:07

were also quite well armed but

00:05:10

differed from the first in the lack of armor,

00:05:13

followed by citizens with a property

00:05:17

qualification of 50 75 thousand aces they also

00:05:21

exhibited the 20th century with even lighter

00:05:24

weapons

00:05:26

citizens who owned property from 25 to

00:05:29

50 thousand aces exhibited all the same 20th

00:05:33

century, but their military equipment

00:05:36

consisted only of a spear and a javelin, the

00:05:39

poorest citizens with property less than 25

00:05:43

thousand copper aces were obliged to field

00:05:46

30th century warriors, mostly they were

00:05:49

simple throwers and slingers, in

00:05:53

my opinion it’s very cool that studying

00:05:56

history in our time is much easier what

00:05:58

was once every now and then not only on the

00:06:00

Internet, even

00:06:03

video games contribute to education, for example, the world of ships right in the

00:06:06

game menu you can watch many

00:06:08

historical videos I especially

00:06:11

liked the story about a 12-year-old

00:06:13

boy who would be deprived of a rika despite his young

00:06:15

age, he served on the ship Tashkent during

00:06:18

during the Great Patriotic War and

00:06:20

during fierce battles in May 1942 he

00:06:23

showed himself so courageously that he

00:06:26

was awarded the Order of the Red Star

00:06:28

other amazing facts await you in the

00:06:31

game via the link in the description, there you will also

00:06:34

receive a set of gifts play the world

00:06:36

of ships and study history friends like this

00:06:40

Thus, the Roman army included,

00:06:43

firstly, legions in which the Romans themselves served,

00:06:46

consisting of heavy light

00:06:49

infantry and, with the cavalry given to them, the

00:06:52

Italian allies and allied cavalry,

00:06:55

after being granted

00:06:58

citizenship rights, this category of troops also

00:07:01

became part of the legion and

00:07:03

auxiliary troops recruited from the

00:07:05

inhabitants of the provinces the class appeared

00:07:09

after the

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first provinces appeared in the Roman state in

00:07:14

Italy as a result of the

00:07:17

wars of conquest of Rome in Spain with Alpine

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Gaul Macedonia and Illyria,

00:07:23

initially the number of each army,

00:07:26

if we talk about their total number,

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was approximately 3000

00:07:31

infantry and 300 horsemen

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from the second half of the fourth century BC

00:07:37

the number increases to approximately

00:07:40

four and a half thousand people but

00:07:43

the number of horsemen remains the same

00:07:48

under normal circumstances,

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the Romans already from the end of the fourth century

00:07:53

BC annually recruited 4 city

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legions of the Negev urban, each of the two

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annual consuls who came together

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commanded a pair of legions which were

00:08:05

added equal to them in terms of the

00:08:07

strength of the allies, only from 16 to 20 thousand

00:08:12

foot soldiers and one and a half to two thousand

00:08:15

horsemen, at least half of

00:08:17

whom were Roman citizens,

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as the duration of

00:08:23

military campaigns increased and the number of

00:08:26

troops involved grew, they began to

00:08:28

detain soldiers in service, placing them

00:08:31

in military camps for the winter and in the spring

00:08:34

new legions were recruited as

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reinforcements;

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this practice reached its apogee

00:08:42

during the Second Punic War during this

00:08:45

period the Roman army consisted of 25

00:08:49

legions stationed in different theaters of

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war

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after 200 BC the Roman

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army usually consisted of about eight

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legions, sometimes less but all more often,

00:09:07

with the advent of the first provinces and a

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gradual increase in their number, the

00:09:13

number of

00:09:15

legions stationed in them also increased from two to

00:09:18

four regions. They were constantly in

00:09:21

Spain 2 in Caesarpinia of Gaul 2 in

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Macedonia and Illyria

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at the beginning of the first century BC,

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Africa was added to the number of provinces

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Cilicia wi-fi not me, but the number of

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legions stationed on their territory

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reached 14

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Polybius reports that all Roman

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citizens between the ages of 17 and 46

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were required to complete 20 military

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campaigns in the infantry or 10 in the cavalry; in

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fact, military service covered

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approximately 10 percent of the adult

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population of conscription age,

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even at the moment of greatest tension

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during the war with Hannibal, the Romans

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mobilized only one third of the total

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number of their citizens, the

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period of permanent military service of

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conscripts usually ranged from 4 to 6

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years, after which the soldiers were demobilized and

00:10:26

sent home and were replaced by the

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new replenishment

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served longer than the others, volunteers

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who chose a career as professional

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soldiers, especially their number increased

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during the second Punic War, for

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example, Publius Cornelius Scipio

00:10:45

Africanus already had detachments of

00:10:48

volunteer veterans who

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remained to serve with the generals after the

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expiration of the mandatory period of service,

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one of such examples was the disputed

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Gustin who On his fiftieth birthday,

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he served in the army for a total of 22

00:11:06

years as a soldier and then as a

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centurion.

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With the increasing military expansion of the Roman

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Republic, the number of veterans in the army

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increased steadily, especially during

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wars that promised significant spoils.

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Thus, there was a clear trend in the Roman army in the second and first

00:11:28

centuries BC.

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to

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professionalization

00:11:34

[music]

00:11:38

Polybius talks in detail about how

00:11:41

military recruitment was carried out in the Roman army

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on a pre-agreed day, all military personnel

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were obliged to gather on the

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Field of Mars located outside the Roman

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city limits,

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initially 24 military tribunes were appointed,

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10 of whom were foremen, they had

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experience behind them at least 10 military

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campaigns,

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the remaining 14 had to serve for at

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least five years, this position was usually

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applied for by young people from equestrian

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and patrician to the class of the

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victim and defeat in the elections,

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carriers or quaesters,

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formally all tribunes were elected by the

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people's assembly, but the people, as usual, are

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far away could not always

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take advantage of this right and often

00:12:34

they were appointed by the Senate or even directly by the

00:12:37

consuls themselves in each legion, therefore

00:12:41

there were six tribunes, all of them

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exercised command in pairs

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twice a year for two months, each pair the

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rest of the time the tribunes performed the

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duties of officers at the headquarters of the

00:12:54

commander-in-chief

00:12:56

commanded Allied detachments

00:12:58

as prefects dealt with

00:13:01

supply issues, and so on,

00:13:05

then Polybius describes the procedure for recruiting

00:13:09

soldiers, the tribunes are placed away from each

00:13:12

other in their legions and cast lots

00:13:16

for three bams, calling one after the other, each

00:13:19

time according to the lot of soldiers, the first by

00:13:22

lot 3 would be chosen by the consuls 4

00:13:25

approximately the same age and

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build when these soldiers approach the

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commanders, of them the

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tribunes of the first legion are chosen first, then 2 then 3

00:13:38

and finally 4

00:13:40

when then the next four

00:13:43

soldiers approach, the choice begins with the tribunes of the second

00:13:46

legion and so on, so that

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the tribunes and the first legion are chosen last when

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after this, four new ones will come up, the

00:13:55

first to choose the tribunes of the third

00:13:58

legion and the last 2, since

00:14:01

elections are made in the same order from beginning to

00:14:04

end, it turns out that all regions

00:14:06

receive the same soldiers, the

00:14:11

described procedure was repeated until

00:14:14

4,200 people were recruited for each

00:14:17

legion in case of a state of emergency

00:14:21

the number of soldiers in each legion could be

00:14:24

increased to 5,000

00:14:26

upon completion of the procedure,

00:14:28

the recruits took an oath;

00:14:31

this custom first came into use

00:14:34

during the Second Punic War to

00:14:37

take the oath and the tribune chose

00:14:40

one person who

00:14:42

had to step forward and swear to obey

00:14:45

his commander to fulfill

00:14:48

them orders to maintain discipline not to

00:14:51

leave the ranks except to

00:14:54

protect a comrade or to regain a

00:14:56

weapon, then all other recruits

00:14:59

said edem by them, which also meant that

00:15:05

before the introduction of the established official

00:15:08

oath in 200 16 BC,

00:15:11

soldiers had to pronounce 2

00:15:14

voluntary oaths 1 the oath was an

00:15:17

obligation to obey the consul according to the 2nd

00:15:21

oath, the soldiers of the maniple promised each

00:15:23

other not to leave their comrades in a difficult

00:15:26

situation

00:15:27

in order to save their lives and never to

00:15:30

leave their place in the ranks during a

00:15:32

battle, except in those cases

00:15:35

when it is necessary to regain their weapons

00:15:38

to attack the enemy or save a comrade

00:15:42

despite that in later forms

00:15:45

of the oath it was emphasized that soldiers

00:15:47

must first of all remain loyal to

00:15:49

their commander and to the state, the spirit of the

00:15:52

early oaths was maintained in the century,

00:15:55

both during the late Republic and

00:15:58

during the early Empire,

00:16:00

Caesar mentions the case of two

00:16:03

centurions me broth of his Ren

00:16:05

known to us from the notes Caesario

00:16:08

in the Gallic War and Seria Rome, these were

00:16:12

long-time rivals, each of whom

00:16:14

believed that he deserved a higher

00:16:17

position of honor compared to the

00:16:19

others, but despite their enmity they

00:16:23

managed to save each other in battle,

00:16:28

after which the tribunes indicated the place and

00:16:31

time of assembly for each region and

00:16:34

dismissed the recruits to their homes so that they

00:16:37

could take weapons and the necessary supplies.

00:16:40

Thus,

00:16:42

the picture of a Roman recruit emerges before us, despite the fact

00:16:46

that all men

00:16:49

under the age of 46 were obliged to serve in the army; the bulk of the soldiers

00:16:53

were young men from 17 to 23 years old;

00:16:57

the main age for joining the army

00:17:00

was 20 years. however, cases are described

00:17:03

when, during the second Punic War

00:17:06

after the defeat of the Romans,

00:17:13

boys aged 13-14 years old were recruited into the Roman army and men

00:17:18

who were already well over 50 were

00:17:24

considered ideal for a legionnaire to be

00:17:27

6 Roman feet tall, approximately 177 centimeters

00:17:31

tall soldiers who were no less than 170

00:17:34

two centimeters were selected for the first

00:17:37

cohort The

00:17:38

1st Legion Italica gained its

00:17:42

fame for two reasons, firstly

00:17:45

because it consisted of Italian recruits

00:17:48

and secondly because the soldiers included in it

00:17:51

had a height of at least six

00:17:53

Roman feet

00:17:55

worthy of attention assertions that

00:17:58

soldiers whose height was lower were

00:18:00

accepted by other legions The skeleton of a

00:18:03

soldier who died in Pompeii in 79

00:18:06

AD showed that his height reached

00:18:09

170 centimeters and a soldier from the fort of

00:18:13

bringing in Holland had a mouth of 190

00:18:17

centimeters, he could have been from Frisia, however,

00:18:21

in the tsarist and republican periods

00:18:23

when the main recruitment was from citizens of

00:18:26

Rome and Latium itself and later from the

00:18:29

Italics, the height of the soldiers was

00:18:31

approximately

00:18:32

165 centimeters,

00:18:37

speaking of their origin,

00:18:39

most legionnaires were called

00:18:41

small towns or large cities, in

00:18:45

fact, only a few of them

00:18:47

came from urban centers,

00:18:50

most cities were trading

00:18:52

centers of agricultural districts

00:18:55

had attached rural areas

00:18:58

some parts of the empire were practically

00:19:01

unaffected by urbanization

00:19:04

in many cases the origin

00:19:07

indicated when joining the army was

00:19:10

simply fictitious and was not

00:19:12

verified in any way it was received upon joining the

00:19:14

army along with Roman citizenship

00:19:18

peasants farmers formed the basis of the

00:19:21

civil militia during the period of the

00:19:23

republic and the countryside remained the main

00:19:27

for recruiting up to the period of the

00:19:29

late Empire,

00:19:31

soldiers from the countryside were

00:19:34

preferred because of their endurance and

00:19:37

also because they were not spoiled by the

00:19:40

city life of

00:19:42

Venice, he says they grew up in labor

00:19:45

in the open air, they

00:19:46

endured the heat, they did not seek shade, they

00:19:50

were not familiar with the baths, they they were

00:19:53

simple-minded and content with little, their

00:19:56

hands were adapted to work with any

00:19:59

tool

00:20:00

even in the village, they were accustomed to working with

00:20:04

iron, digging trenches and carrying

00:20:06

heavy loads.

00:20:08

Tacitus argued that the rebellion of the Roman

00:20:11

legions in the fourteenth year of our era

00:20:13

was strengthened by the presence of recruits of

00:20:16

urban origin recruited from

00:20:19

the capital during the last call of

00:20:22

acquaintances with excesses

00:20:24

and hating difficulties which began to

00:20:27

confuse simple minds with them,

00:20:32

however, let us return to our

00:20:34

story

00:20:36

when the appointed day the army again

00:20:39

gathered in the camp tribunes divided the

00:20:42

soldiers into categories according to their

00:20:44

age

00:20:45

the legion consisted of 1000 200 g stats of

00:20:48

recruits of the youngest years

00:20:51

1200 principles of men who were in the

00:20:55

prime of his strength and another 600 3

00:20:58

older Aryan warriors, in addition it

00:21:01

included 1,200

00:21:05

lightly armed velites, recruited entirely

00:21:08

from the youth of the poorest property

00:21:11

classes,

00:21:12

most of the soldiers were young men,

00:21:15

out of a total of

00:21:17

4,200 legionnaires, at least three

00:21:21

thousand six hundred were under the age of 25

00:21:24

years and the 600 remaining were in the

00:21:27

range between 25 and 30 years old, the

00:21:32

centurions and officers of the legion were people of

00:21:35

noticeably more mature age who

00:21:38

had many years of experience in military service behind them,

00:21:42

finally all the soldiers were distributed according to the

00:21:45

century they and the manipula

00:21:48

the composition of the legion, as in a more ancient

00:21:51

era, included the 60th century united

00:21:54

two each consisting of 30 maniples, 10 uga

00:21:58

stats of principles and 3 Aryans,

00:22:00

respectively, the

00:22:01

composition of the century ga stats and principles

00:22:04

included 60 heavily armed and 20

00:22:08

lightly armed warriors

00:22:10

century och3 Aryans were 30 heavily

00:22:13

armed and 20 lightly armed warriors in

00:22:16

total the legion numbered 4,200 foot

00:22:20

legionnaires, if necessary, writes

00:22:23

Polybius the number of warriors in

00:22:26

the legion could be increased to five

00:22:28

thousand soldiers

00:22:32

on the battlefield, the legion lined up in three

00:22:36

lines in 1 there were 10 maniples of

00:22:39

stats in the second 10 maniples of principles in the

00:22:42

third 10 maniples 3 Aryan

00:22:45

maniples were not separate detachments

00:22:48

because they did not have their own

00:22:50

commander or banner they consisted of

00:22:54

two centuries, each of which

00:22:56

was under the command of

00:22:58

its own centurion; the

00:23:00

elder of the two centurions, the centurio

00:23:03

prior, commanded not only his century

00:23:06

but also the maniple as a whole; in this sense,

00:23:10

the maniple was a tactical unit

00:23:13

that operated on the battlefield but did

00:23:16

not manifest itself in any way outside of it; the

00:23:19

formation of the maniple my was due to the

00:23:22

special battle formations used by the Romans

00:23:25

and the tactics of changing lines of maniples

00:23:28

during the battle

00:23:30

in the initial phase of the battle, the maniples stood in an

00:23:34

open order 1 century behind the

00:23:37

other with open side passages

00:23:39

between neighboring maniples me,

00:23:42

when going on the attack, the century standing behind

00:23:45

each maniple moved

00:23:48

forward and to the right I thus take

00:23:51

a place next to the one in front of the century and the

00:23:56

passages between the neighboring maniples of me

00:23:59

were closed and

00:24:00

attacked the enemy in a closed formation of

00:24:03

the century if the attack did not lead to victory, the

00:24:07

same maneuver was carried out in the reverse

00:24:09

order

00:24:10

through the opened side passages, the

00:24:14

maniples of the 2 battle lines moved forward,

00:24:16

closed their formation and repeated attack,

00:24:24

one of the most important moments in the development of the

00:24:26

Roman army in the one that conquered half the world

00:24:30

is the conscription of the poorest

00:24:33

class of Romans, proletarians, into the legion.

00:24:35

Polybius reports that for service in the army, the

00:24:39

Romans conscripted citizens with a minimum

00:24:41

property qualification of

00:24:43

4000 Roman aces, the

00:24:46

specified amount is two and a half times

00:24:49

lower than what he called Libya, when

00:24:52

describing the reform of Servius Tullius,

00:24:55

most

00:24:58

researchers regard this discrepancy in figures as a result of a

00:25:00

lowering of the property level for military

00:25:03

recruitment,

00:25:04

it is believed that the corresponding

00:25:06

event took place at the beginning of the second

00:25:09

Punic War and was due to the

00:25:11

large losses that the

00:25:14

Roman army of

00:25:17

Libya suffered at that time, describing the events of

00:25:20

217-214 BC

00:25:24

reports the conscription of proletarians for

00:25:26

military service, which was an

00:25:29

extraordinary event for that

00:25:31

time,

00:25:32

proletarians were called up only when a

00:25:34

state of emergency was declared

00:25:37

during the war with the pen in two hundred and eighty-

00:25:40

one BC and after the

00:25:42

defeat of the morning of Zimin Lake, under

00:25:46

normal circumstances they could

00:25:48

serve in the navy and such the situation

00:25:51

persisted until the Second Punic

00:25:53

War;

00:25:56

in the future, the alibi, however, is silent about the

00:26:00

conscription of proletarians, although it mentions the

00:26:03

recruitment of freedmen into the army and the

00:26:05

inclusion of former slaves in the army; this

00:26:09

silence is explained by the lowering of the

00:26:11

property level for military recruitment,

00:26:14

which allowed the Senate to recruit the

00:26:17

top of the proletariat without declaring a

00:26:20

state of emergency,

00:26:22

most likely proletarians served in the

00:26:25

lightly armed velitas who first

00:26:28

appeared in the Kom-Omsk theater of

00:26:30

military operations in 200-12

00:26:33

BC;

00:26:35

however, the amount of 4000 aces is also not

00:26:38

final. Cicero in the

00:26:41

middle of the first century BC

00:26:44

argued that the border between citizens of the 5th

00:26:47

property class and proletarians is

00:26:50

based on the amount one and a half thousand aces,

00:26:53

although he himself attributes this establishment to the

00:26:56

era of Servius Tullius, it is obvious that the

00:26:59

decrease in the amount of

00:27:02

qualifications of 4000 Roman aces indicated by Polybius occurred

00:27:05

only in the second half of the second century

00:27:07

BC;

00:27:09

this lowering of the conscription bar is associated with the

00:27:13

so-called military legislation of

00:27:15

Gaius Gracchus of 123 BC or with

00:27:20

the activities of Guy Mari during the Ing

00:27:22

War, he massively recruited

00:27:25

reinforcements for his army from among the

00:27:28

Roman proletarians,

00:27:32

Guy Mari received command of the

00:27:35

active army in Africa against Yogurt

00:27:38

and, along with the appointment, he also received troops

00:27:41

recruited by his predecessors in the

00:27:45

first case, queen dancing targets with metal

00:27:47

in in the second they twisted the roof,

00:27:51

Mari recruited only the reinforcements necessary

00:27:54

to make up for the losses, their number

00:27:58

for the army from two regions hardly

00:28:00

exceeded 3 thousand people, the senate, according to

00:28:04

sallusts, willingly gave

00:28:06

the consul the opportunity to recruit in

00:28:10

secret, hoping that this unpopular measure

00:28:12

would weaken his authority among

00:28:14

the common people,

00:28:16

having seen through Maria This plan did not

00:28:19

resort to the usual recruitment and did not

00:28:22

recruit volunteers from among the lower

00:28:24

social classes. Thus, he retained

00:28:28

the support of the people and received the necessary

00:28:31

reinforcements.

00:28:33

It should be noted that Marina created a

00:28:36

historical precedent with her actions. In a

00:28:38

similar way,

00:28:41

other Roman military leaders

00:28:44

who were in difficult relations with the

00:28:47

Senate had previously acted

00:28:48

We discussed the reform of Guy Mari in more detail

00:28:51

in one of the previous videos, I

00:28:53

highly recommend watching it for a

00:28:56

better understanding of the situation.

00:29:01

Previously existing laws in Rome

00:29:04

prescribed that when conscripting proletarians into the

00:29:06

army, they should be armed at the expense of the treasury. This

00:29:10

rule continued to be observed

00:29:12

subsequently,

00:29:13

due to the increase in the number of proletarians in the

00:29:16

Roman army. armies of the era of civil

00:29:19

wars of the first century BC,

00:29:22

states increasingly ordered craftsmen

00:29:25

to produce large quantities of weapons and

00:29:28

armor

00:29:29

for their storage around 102

00:29:33

BC, an arsenal was even built in Rome,

00:29:38

thus gradually I

00:29:40

proletarianized, I changed the composition of the Roman

00:29:43

legions and even the appearance of the soldiers when

00:29:47

recruiting troops, the property qualification

00:29:49

ceased to have any significance, and

00:29:53

if in the era of the Punic Wars we still

00:29:56

find Roman lightly armed velitas

00:29:59

recruited from among the poorest

00:30:01

conscript classes, then a hundred years later in the

00:30:04

armies of Maria and Sulla, the duties of light

00:30:08

infantry and cavalry were completely

00:30:11

transferred to the allied troops

00:30:13

all 80 warriors who were part of the century

00:30:17

were heavily armed infantrymen,

00:30:20

dressed in armor and a helmet and carrying

00:30:24

javelins, swords and shields, this is

00:30:26

exactly what the Roman warriors look like

00:30:30

depicted on the altar of Domitius by the

00:30:32

agenobarb from the Louvre, made at the

00:30:35

end of the second or beginning of the first century

00:30:37

BC

00:30:39

in In the next video we will continue to examine in detail the

00:30:43

evolution of the Roman army; don’t miss their

00:30:45

organization and deployment in the conquered

00:30:48

provinces

00:30:52

[music]

Description:

Качай World of Warships и Играй бесплатно на ПК - https://wo.ws/3K8qQRV и на Консолях: World of Warships: Legends (Важно!) Если ссылка не открывается - отключите adblock. Древний Рим – государство, покорившее народы Европы, Африки, Азии, Британии. На весь мир славились римские солдаты своей железной дисциплиной (хоть, по правде сказать, не всегда уж она и была такой железной). Но вот своим умением побеждать легионы славились однозначно. Римские полководцы шли от победы к победе (хотя, безусловно, были и жестокие поражения), пока в итоге под тяжестью солдатского сапога не оказались все народы Средиземноморья. Римская армия в разное время имела разную численность, количество легионов, различное построение и т.д. С совершенствованием военного искусства изменялись вооружение, тактика и стратегия и как следствие характер самого боя. Всё это неизменно влияло и на состав армии в целом. Римская армия преображалась, изменялась и в итоге, стала той военной машиной, которой удалось создать великую империю. На нужды Империи ✊✊ https://www.donationalerts.com/r/aquila_7 Пожертвовать динарий 🙏 donatepay https://new.donatepay.ru/@757424

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