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познавательная

программа

русский

лубок

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Have a nice day everyone and we continue the

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series of educational programs and

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today's topic is

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Russian lubok Russian lubok

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folk pictures on popular plots with

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explanatory text which

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could be used proverbs

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simple poems or short

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stories the

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art of popular prints originated in

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China in Russia the predecessor of this

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genre is considered to be paper icons that were

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sold en masse at fairs and in

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monasteries,

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the first religious popular prints were printed at the

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beginning of the 17th century at the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. Over

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time,

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simple and understandable

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scenes from peaceful life were added to spiritual themes and spiritual plots. Such pictures were

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readily bought up

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due to their cheapness; they

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were in great demand even among the

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poorest strata The population,

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looking at these pictures, notices with surprise

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that many of them are relevant and

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today, one way or another, it is lubok,

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folk humorous pictures that

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were sold at the fair of the 17th century until the beginning of the 20th

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century were considered the most popular type of

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artistic creativity in Russia

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lubok is an office or engraving

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that is obtained on paper from a wooden

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clichés: At first, popular prints were only

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black and white; they were used to decorate boyar

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mansions and royal chambers; and later, the

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pictures became colored and their

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mass production sometimes

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resembled a modern

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coloring book for children,

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hastily not skillful and sometimes illogical

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in color, but among those that have reached us lubkov

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scientists today identify many pictures with

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unexpectedly fresh and unique

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combinations

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pictures were sold for one two kopecks apiece

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or in batches of 100 pieces for a

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ruble in

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Moscow lubok could be bought near the walls of the

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Kremlin on the bridge at the Spassky Gate where

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all kinds of people crowded from morning to evening

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if representatives of the upper strata of society

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did not take the ball seriously

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and refused to recognize these pictures as

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art among the peasant people, they were in

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great demand and

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extremely popular, although sometimes

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simple self-taught artists drew

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them on the cheapest gray paper in those

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distant times,

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no one cared about the careful preservation of the popular prints. It

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never occurred to me that in a

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couple of centuries these pictures would begin to be

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considered masterpieces of Russian folk

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painting;

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modern art critics believe that popular

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prints absorbed the history of ancient

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Russia and folk humor and the natural talent of the

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Russian people in them, the origins of colorful

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literary illustrative sti and lively

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caricatures

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[music ]

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time passed and the technology for making bows

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changed significantly in the 19th century, drawings were

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no longer made on wood but on

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metal plates, this

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allowed popular print craftsmen

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to produce more subtle and elegant

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paintings, the colors became richer and much brighter,

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funny paintings, popular

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prints

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have been the main spiritual food for a long time for the common

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people, a source of news since there

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were still few newspapers and knowledge, and lubok was

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inexpensive and distributed throughout the

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country, despite the enormous Russian

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distances, pictures on the pubic area could also be found,

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pictures on pseudo-scientific

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topics, satirical

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works and views of cities with descriptions,

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arithmetic and primers, palmistry with

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cosmography were popular There were also calendars with

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useful everyday information in Russia, popular

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prints were popular until the beginning of the 20th century in

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1918, when printing became

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state-owned,

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they stopped publishing, however, the genre one way

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or another manifested itself in the work of

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avant-garde artists, many artists of the

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1920s used the artistic style

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and folklore technique of the smile that

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manifested itself, for example, in the famous

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posters of the window of growth in the

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first years of the 21st century, we are

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witnessing a new interest in Russian

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folk pictures, the sponge

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art of a half-forgotten folk

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craft, the roots of which go back to antiquity,

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has developed its own artistic language

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accessible and understandable to all ages

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and classes, popular prints have been performed

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by the people for for a long time, a

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lack of information, a

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story in pictures with explanatory

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text is typical for many countries of the world,

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but it was in the Slavic countries that it developed and

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established itself as a traditional

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art form; scientists have repeatedly tried to

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decipher the meaning of the word lubok;

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some believe that it comes from the

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word bow at the root of the lika tree;

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others associate it with deep

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boxes in which

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Aachen merchants carried pictures around the villages and

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villages. Perhaps it came from the

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Moscow Lubyanka street,

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where popular prints have long been printed and sold,

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or maybe, on the contrary, the street was named that way because of popular

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prints. What is a ball

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in the very center of Moscow in the very place

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where many centuries ago there was a

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printed settlement, there is a unique museum, a

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museum of folk graphics, it contains a

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rich collection of popular

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prints, without a doubt it was the prototype of

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modern media,

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because there was no electricity, newspapers,

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especially since there was no television with the Internet, and

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when to wear royal decrees, news from

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military campaigns and secular news before in the

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outback itself all this was communicated precisely

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in lubok for a long time, lubok pictures

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were almost the only spiritual

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food of the people and an encyclopedia of a wide

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variety of knowledge, pictures were a

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book and a satirical sheet and a

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songbook and fun invariably causing

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healthy and good-natured laughter in the audience;

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many children,

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coloring the pictures, learned from them and

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read the Russian historian Snegirev in his

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first study of popular prints noted that there was

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a time in Russia when the classes were still little

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separated by morals and customs,

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when games and fun were almost the

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same for the peasant merchant and the boyar, at

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that time such pictures had free

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access in royal chambers and boyar

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mansions

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and peasant huts for they constituted

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not just idle amusement and meaningless

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fun,

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but also visual admonition, active

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guidance and instructive models for

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life, family and social

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for the present and future, the smile genre

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required accompanying the drawing with text

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which was read out by a literate person the

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words could

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as if they were of an edifying nature, then they

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showed folk wisdom and

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ingenuity in the text, the relations of

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peoples were shown, various historical events

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reflected the customs and way of life of that time,

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humor and sometimes deeply hidden and

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encrypted political satire in

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plain text, people were afraid

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to comment on the activities of the upper

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class, even crowned heads got it

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According to scientists, the famous popular print of

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how mice buried a cat is a

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caricature of Emperor Peter the Great,

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by the way, the

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Kazan cat, the mind of Astrakhan, is also

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considered a satirical hammer on the

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same Peter 1. Everyone knows that the tsar

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carried out his reforms with drastic and harsh

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measures,

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many of his innovations such

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as forced shaving beards

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or persecution of the national costume

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caused muted murmurs and protests among the

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people; satire; satire; but also from an aesthetic point

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of view, the lubok cat of Kazan is recognized as one

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of the best images of a cat in all

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world art;

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deeply, with its unusual images of

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cheerfulness and decorativeness,

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it is capable of touching the human soul and

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awakening good feelings; modern

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lubok is not a frozen form, but a living art

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that develops with the birth of new

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social and public traditions, he

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is the successor and continuer of the

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Russian lubok

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[music]

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art critics and claim that glubok

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died glubok never died and will not die

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and he will live, excuse me for my

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conviction he there will be them in the 21st century in the

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twenty-second and in the 20th and

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beyond, but it will change to those in

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technology, well, that’s all,

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like the comments, I will be glad to see your feedback,

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and we move on to the master class on

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drawing Russian popular print

Description:

Мероприятие ГБУК города Москвы "Территориальной клубной системы "Планета" (Директор - Рассаднева Марина Павловна) Клуб "Дельфин" продолжает Цикл познавательных программ по народному творчеству. Сегодня мы раскроем тему: "Русский Лубок". Материалы взяты из программы "Ремесло". Ждите следующие видео на наших страничках в соц. сетях: ВК: https://vk.com/clubdelfin23 Инстаграм: https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser

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