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Video tags
Subtitles
Russian
00:00:00
planet earth is the only place00:00:02
loyal to a person is not an axiom00:00:05
requiring proof but we still00:00:08
let's try to play with contrasts and00:00:11
visit the planets of the solar system to00:00:14
demonstrate how bad and00:00:17
you may feel uncomfortable with them00:00:19
surfaces, if there is one of course00:00:23
We don’t presume to say whether you’ll like it00:00:25
an excursion but a journey for sure00:00:28
will be remembered for a long time So throw it away00:00:30
spacesuit because they are expecting you now00:00:33
extreme tours for the fearless and00:00:35
Crazy people should also not fasten their seat belts00:00:38
necessarily in this case this00:00:41
there is no precaution00:00:43
meanings If we don't care about technology00:00:46
We consider safety to be our duty00:00:48
warn in space and on others00:00:50
How can a person survive on planets without a spacesuit?00:00:53
extremely painful but fortunately short00:00:55
life so don't worry everything00:00:57
will happen quickly00:01:05
subscribe Mercury First planet from00:01:08
The sun does not have pleasant conditions00:01:11
for living coolness in understanding00:01:14
local residents if they existed00:01:17
characterized by unprecedented severity00:01:19
reaching mi 172 degrees after but after00:01:24
one hell of a day it will undoubtedly bring00:01:26
significant relief after all00:01:28
sunny side of Mercury thermometers00:01:31
show n00:01:32
430 in any case the planet will not give00:01:35
the alien's chances of long-term survival00:01:38
only a short time for transformation00:01:41
into a piece of ice cream or product00:01:43
instant cremation depending on00:01:46
side of the stay this will be required00:01:48
about a minute or two no more by the way besides00:01:52
horrendous temperature changes here00:01:54
other riders are waiting for the person00:01:57
There is no apocalypse at all00:02:00
and deadly00:02:02
radiation Venus have you ever00:02:06
wondered what hell looks like? If not?00:02:09
then Read Dante's Divine Comedy and00:02:12
multiply everything by two This is exactly what Venus is00:02:16
a huge gas chamber from the ceiling of which00:02:19
in addition to everything, it's raining sulfur00:02:22
there is no point in counting acids here00:02:24
milliseconds of life are your lifeless00:02:27
the body won't even reach the surface00:02:30
flatten the unfortunate astronaut00:02:32
monstrous pressure is only possible00:02:34
at a kilometer ocean depth00:02:37
earth's ocean organic remains00:02:39
who will still get to Venus00:02:42
mountains and valleys will be burned by acid00:02:44
showered and melted incredible00:02:46
reaching a temperature00:02:49
500° potse conclusion human life on00:02:53
Venus won't last much longer00:02:56
seconds Earth on nad00:03:00
human residence is 80 years but00:03:03
in this case, one should refrain from an abundance00:03:05
alcohol and nicotine and junk food00:03:08
McDonald's is evil and don't go over00:03:11
street at a red light, a spacesuit is allowed00:03:14
wear unhindered but not for long00:03:17
those around you will try to isolate00:03:19
strange subject from the society Addict00:03:21
or something but a rainbow look at00:03:23
The hospitality of the land is extremely subjective00:03:26
because what's good for00:03:28
Manume remember the War00:03:31
worlds Mars Red planet most00:03:35
friendly solar system object00:03:37
at which the first one will increase in speed00:03:39
human colony anyway00:03:42
plans have already been developed and gradually00:03:44
are implemented by the main00:03:46
inspired by the progressive and00:03:49
terribly smart Elon Musk But even he doesn’t00:03:51
would survive on Mars without a spacesuit and 300:03:54
minutes will the object formation occur?00:03:57
unknown but at the moment00:04:00
carbon dioxide is compressed from which00:04:03
The Red Planet is predominantly made up of00:04:06
will kill a person in record time. What if00:04:09
add to this unfavorable00:04:11
radiation background that time of life00:04:13
unprotected poor fellow on Mars will be00:04:16
no more than 2-3 minutes Why judge for yourself00:04:20
If you haven't had time to fill your lungs00:04:22
air then the duration of stay in00:04:24
consciousness will vary depending on00:04:27
fitness level00:04:30
for example, they can hold pilaf00:04:32
breathing for quite a long time but asphyxia and00:04:34
fainting will inevitably come next00:04:37
total hypoxia started later00:04:40
irreversible necrosis will occur in a couple of minutes00:04:43
brain cells but this is an approximate period00:04:46
can be accelerated in case00:04:48
occurrence of barotrauma injury00:04:50
lung tissue will immediately disappoint fans00:04:53
Death on Mars doesn't look like that00:04:56
terrible like in the movie Total Recall00:04:59
it will be like falling asleep and not waking up00:05:01
although we have not yet mentioned instant00:05:05
boiling under critically low conditions00:05:08
In other words, the colonists had better not put pressure on00:05:11
try to take off the spacesuit00:05:14
Mars00:05:15
Jupiter is the largest gas giant00:05:18
an impressive object in the solar system00:05:21
has no surface in classic00:05:24
understanding of this word, Jupiter is the kingdom00:05:27
hurricanes among which are especially epic00:05:29
the big red spot looks like it will go away00:05:32
about a second after plunging into a stormy00:05:35
atmosphere of the planet before man00:05:37
poisoning oae couples and at the same time breaking00:05:41
storms are raging00:05:46
encircles a giant for many kilometers00:05:51
Saturn, the sixth planet from the Sun, is also not00:05:54
is distinguished by special hospitality, although00:05:57
The rings of Saturn are pleasing to the eye from afar, but00:06:00
near the planet is characterized00:06:06
Nordic survival zero But00:06:10
a person will still hold out for about a second00:06:12
before methane and ammonia are full00:06:14
will fill his lungs and a hurricane will00:06:16
will literally dispel the unlucky00:06:19
tourist downwind but before getting into00:06:22
atmospheric whirlpool giant astronaut00:06:25
you will have to get acquainted with the threshold of hell00:06:28
From afar they look like the rings of Saturn00:06:31
solid but in reality it is a myriad00:06:33
ice pebbles the size of a grain of sand00:06:36
to a small house they00:06:50
encircling the coldest of all the planets00:06:53
of the solar system it makes up00:06:56
-2° below and close to absolute zero00:07:01
Therefore, a person can live without a spacesuit00:07:03
on uranium no more than a second before the moment00:07:05
final freezing or what00:07:08
will turn into an astronaut and will fly into00:07:10
atmosphere of Uranus pushed by winds00:07:13
blowing at speeds of 900 km00:07:17
HF00:07:18
Neptune is the farthest planet from earth and00:07:21
the fifth on which you will live without00:07:23
spacesuit for about a second actually00:07:26
given the local conditions it is hermetically sealed00:07:29
ice will not help a person much00:07:32
giant is similar to uranium with the difference that00:07:34
in its atmosphere one can see a stable00:07:37
a spot the size of two earths noticeable in00:07:40
professional telescopes this eyelid00:07:42
eternal Storm named after00:07:45
Jupiter anskin with a large dark spot00:07:47
The winds here blow with incredible winds00:07:50
speeds00:07:52
reaching therefore the astronaut will00:07:55
instantly frozen and then torn apart00:07:58
Atoms00:08:00
this is an exhaustive list for today00:08:02
since we are not talking about pluto after all00:08:04
he was once expelled from the planetary00:08:07
cohorts but believe me If you were there00:08:10
if they hit, they would have held out without a pressure seal00:08:12
the suit is not even a second, but its insignificant00:08:15
shares thus becomes clear00:08:17
that despite the abundance of celestial bodies in00:08:20
solar system representatives00:08:22
humanity is nowhere especially welcome without00:08:25
spacesuits Write in the comments wherever00:08:28
you are not averse to flying and as you plan00:08:30
protect yourself from inhospitable conditions00:08:32
specific planet and also don’t skimp00:08:35
likes are the right path to development00:08:37
channel to increase its popularity and00:08:40
Looking forward to more variety of content00:08:42
we pay for your recognition with interesting00:08:46
video the age-old dream of humanity about00:08:49
flights to distant galaxies begins00:08:51
come true but most of us don't00:08:54
doesn’t even notice why everything is so simple00:08:58
if we ourselves are not the creation of earthly hands00:09:01
cybernet aircraft00:09:04
long time ago they plowed the space routes00:09:07
And some probes managed to leave00:09:09
the limits of the solar system are many00:09:12
you probably already guessed what we're talking about now00:09:14
let's go about Voyagers 1 this invisible hero00:09:18
is currently located approximately00:09:22
20.9 billion kilometers from the sun and00:09:25
fearlessly continues the Path00:09:27
galactic warrior sun moving away stronger00:09:30
from the ground let's remember the main milestones00:09:32
biographies of the legendary device00:09:34
let's follow his route and admire00:09:36
the best pictures sent by the probe from00:09:40
the most distant corners of our Starry00:09:42
System Thief 1 was launched 43 years ago00:09:47
September 500:09:49
1977 he was given no more than 5 years00:09:53
the mission of the device was to00:09:56
explore in detail the appearance of Jupiter00:10:00
send photo reports of zones from yours about this00:10:03
coped with the task perfectly for the first time00:10:06
to the world the Terrible Face of the giant Jupiter with his00:10:09
a turbulent atmosphere, for example00:10:12
huge crater valhalla oppression se na00:10:15
Calista Jupiter00:10:18
Jerry and further approaching00:10:21
the boundaries of the solar system apparatus00:10:24
captured a tiny funeral in the shadows00:10:26
Neptune's huge neighbor00:10:30
there was a Gemini who flew to00:10:32
16 days earlier but the devices are doomed to00:10:35
eternal separation and never again00:10:38
will meet because their routes and goals00:10:40
differ significantly from each other00:10:43
probe number one was determined00:10:45
short path but in the end all deadlines passed00:10:48
Earth astronomers still communicate with00:10:51
Moreover, part of the thief's equipment 100:10:55
despite the great distance00:10:57
continues to work and move to the cent00:11:00
filling of 798 kg probe for00:11:04
the time of His departure was considered00:11:06
top-end It has been preserved quite well even now00:11:09
The device is equipped with a camera which00:11:11
to save energy for now00:11:14
deactivated spectrometer detectors00:11:17
interplanetary plasma and cosmic rays00:11:20
magnetometer two computers and00:11:23
photopolymer as mentioned above part00:11:26
the above-mentioned devices are still functioning00:11:28
a day they would be of no use if not00:11:31
main components of Voyager 1 powerful00:11:34
energy source and two sensitive00:11:37
antennas power probes provide00:11:40
radioisotope thermoelectric00:11:42
generators using plutonium00:11:45
238 half-life of this element00:11:48
is about 88 years therefore time00:11:52
communication with the device gradually00:11:55
shortened for comparison when departing00:11:57
the source power was 470 W after00:12:01
Uranus It dropped to 400 W And now00:12:04
fell by about 50% from the original00:12:07
level will pass 5 years and this indicator00:12:10
will decrease even more By the way, before00:12:13
it was decided to turn off the power to the camera00:12:16
the device sent a photo that caused00:12:18
sentimental tears in the eyes of the team00:12:20
nas on it the Earth looks no bigger00:12:23
pearl pixel minor00:12:26
specks of dust among the pierced blackness00:12:28
cosmic ray photo of our planet with00:12:31
distances of 6 billion kilometres have been made00:12:52
Voyager 1 accelerates the alienation process even more00:12:55
and rapidly increasing00:12:57
distance between point a and earth And00:13:00
point B probe But how long will we00:13:03
we will be able to pick up signals sent00:13:05
device And the second question How do we00:13:08
manages to do this considering that Voyager00:13:10
1 is located almost 21 billion kilometers from00:13:14
ground signal with a power of 20 kW flies to00:13:18
the probe has two dozen hours for comparison00:13:21
to communicate with Mars for transmission00:13:23
a message to the addressee is enough for 15 minutes and00:13:26
here with sending a signal in the opposite direction00:13:28
the direction of the thief to the ground arise00:13:31
certain problems with reception quality00:13:34
information is greatly hampered by weakening00:13:37
Energy power of the device00:13:39
inevitable scattering of signals in00:13:41
space due to enormous distances00:13:44
as well as Doppler shift purity00:13:47
How do scientists get out of this situation?00:13:50
There are ground stations for this purpose00:13:52
deep space communications and probes00:13:55
equipped with highly sensitive00:13:57
sensors oriented to the side00:13:59
Earth Deep Space Network is a network00:14:02
NASA deep space communications00:14:05
entrusted with the management mission00:14:07
interplanetary spacecraft and maintenance00:14:09
uninterrupted communication with them in her00:14:12
There are only three stations at our disposal, but they00:14:15
equipped with giant antennas00:14:18
ultra-sensitive receivers and00:14:20
heavy-duty transmitters require00:14:22
understand that from distant probes00:14:24
information comes out drip-by-drop no more00:14:26
ten kilobits per second but for00:14:29
the last half century of space technology00:14:31
communications have been significantly improved Therefore00:14:34
Now we can pick up signals from00:14:36
objects located at a distance00:14:39
many light years away from earth00:14:41
are there ways to receive signals from distant and00:14:44
nearby objects relative to ours00:14:46
planets and, fundamentally, borders00:14:50
interplanetary space determines00:14:52
international telecommunication union highlighting00:14:54
different frequency bands for objects00:14:57
distance Earth moon on the sun00:14:59
are considered near space But the frequencies00:15:02
deep space begin with distance00:15:05
2 million km They are the ones used for00:15:09
communicating with00:15:14
Voyager's inexhaustible source of energy00:15:17
then everything would look optimistic, but00:15:20
in this case, in 5-8 years we will not be able00:15:23
hear more of the little messenger00:15:25
distant worlds sending his farewell00:15:28
the beat will disappear forever into pitch darkness00:15:31
Where is the Milky Way now?00:15:35
probe and what images it managed to transmit to00:15:38
ground since January 2012 equipment00:15:42
Voyager 1 recorded00:15:44
25% increase Intergalactic00:15:46
cosmic rays, which means that the probe00:15:50
approached the boundaries of the heliosphere and00:15:52
will soon go beyond its limits into the interstellar00:15:55
space a year ago00:15:59
probe for minor correction00:16:01
apparatus and, lo and behold, they succeeded00:16:05
the motors were not powered for 37 years00:16:09
after 40,000 years, thief 1 will fly by00:16:13
stars Gliese 445 and go to the eternal00:16:16
travel through the universe therefore00:16:19
let's take another look What a photo Heritage00:16:22
left a rare device for descendants00:16:25
this shot of the Earth and the moon in one frame00:16:29
ball engulfed in fire IO is the most active00:16:33
satellite of Jupiter on which there are00:16:36
more than four hundred active volcanoes A00:16:40
this is the cold dead satellite of Enceladus00:16:44
Saturn Here comes Saturn himself00:16:46
photographed00:16:51
Voyagers on the NASA website posted00:16:54
tab where you can follow the brothers00:16:57
probes in real time00:16:59
monitoring will continue until00:17:02
until the connection separates00:17:05
humanity has been sitting on us for a long time00:17:08
energy needle this statement is not00:17:11
requires alternative evidence00:17:13
energy sources are developing extremely00:17:16
slowly the fields and roofs of houses are covered00:17:18
huge earthen ones with solar panels00:17:21
areas are filled with a host of wind turbines00:17:24
mills but still the bulk of the inhabitants00:17:27
earth continues to pay hellish sums for00:17:29
flammable Electricity and others00:17:32
utilities how long will it last00:17:35
this dependence And really in the entire history00:17:37
civilization didn't stand a chance00:17:40
free yourself from the hated bondage with00:17:43
we can say with confidence00:17:45
as much as you like, the question is about the benefit of the ordinary00:17:49
citizens depend on expensive00:17:51
energy resources have long been in the throat but00:17:54
there are a handful of people who would never00:17:56
wishing to part with an effective coma00:17:59
bringing them daily profit. Why00:18:02
attempts began to jump off the energy needle00:18:05
with Nikola Tesla The great Serbian physicist00:18:08
was the first to think of using00:18:10
inexhaustible source of energy ether00:18:13
whose vibrations create00:18:14
electromagnetic waves Tesla was sure00:18:17
that we are immersed in a bottomless ocean00:18:20
luminiferous substance and learn00:18:22
draw resources from there for your needs00:18:24
Our primary task Unfortunately00:18:27
his secret to the inventor with him to the grave00:18:30
history knows two cases in one of00:18:32
which Tesla deliberately classified his00:18:35
creation in the second its progressive00:18:37
the idea was cut off in the bud by moneybags XX00:18:39
centuries I'm afraid of losing countless00:18:42
capital So what event happened00:18:45
almost 100 years ago in00:18:48
1931 the following is documented00:18:51
One day Nikola Tesla visited a store00:18:53
made a small radio component00:18:55
filling the box with lamps and00:18:58
the inventor then installed the wires00:19:00
her behind the driver's seat of the car00:19:02
pierce arrow brands pre00:19:04
equipping the car with an electric motor and00:19:07
began to drive at an incredible speed00:19:09
up to 150 km HF now some would argue00:19:13
that this is a regular electric car00:19:15
appeared much earlier than expected00:19:17
time but they will turn out to be wrong00:19:20
Tesla's electric motor00:19:21
attached to the box did not have00:19:23
power sources in the form of traditional00:19:25
batteries to the question where the energy came from00:19:28
movement physics cannot answer so far00:19:31
since Tesla read in the newspapers00:19:33
ignorant accusations of witchcraft00:19:35
speeches addressed to him, he was very upset and00:19:38
forever hid from the world the secret of the mysterious00:19:41
boxes for the second time on the path of progress00:19:43
became rich, who did not allow the Great00:19:46
inventor to promote his ideas speech00:19:48
talking about wardenclyffe tower construction00:19:51
which began in 1901 at the beginning00:19:54
Tesla00:19:55
positioning as a repeater00:19:57
allowing wireless00:20:00
communication but then the scientist committed00:20:03
fatal mistake what a minute of patience00:20:07
The project was financed by John Pierpont Morgan00:20:09
successful American financier and00:20:12
entrepreneur But as soon as Tesla00:20:14
announced that the project will not serve00:20:16
exclusively for communication purposes A00:20:18
will also demonstrate the transmission00:20:20
electricity without wires Morgan00:20:23
he refused to invest in the construction00:20:25
saw in the Tower a serious threat to his00:20:29
and decide that free energy is for everyone00:20:31
for those who want it promises collapse of the existing market00:20:33
services Morgan persuaded the others00:20:36
stop paying Tesla's bills therefore00:20:38
the tower in Long Island never came to be00:20:40
completed to top it all off00:20:42
Tesla's laboratory mysteriously00:20:45
burned John Morgan as a progressive00:20:48
a visionary man of his time00:20:50
financier sponsor of the construction of the first00:20:52
world nirsko clearly understood that00:20:55
the future belongs to electricity but to distribute00:20:57
I categorically did not want him in return00:21:00
after all, I expected from this project00:21:02
sole benefit and it would be a shame if00:21:04
the Wardenclyffe tower network was built then00:21:07
humanity would have access to00:21:09
unlimited amount of free00:21:11
energy This was the first time00:21:14
Big business for the sake of selfish interests00:21:16
brazenly stepped on the throat of the current00:21:18
progress of the next mission announced00:21:23
impartial governments from00:21:25
the famous hacker Garry became common people00:21:27
mckin This man encroached on the sacred00:21:31
hacked a number of government websites00:21:33
ordinary system administrator from00:21:35
Scotland hacked NASA Navy and Ministry of Defense00:21:38
USA He did it without malicious intent00:21:40
only to find out shamelessly00:21:43
does not say that he managed to Reconnaissance00:21:46
Harry discovered classified files about00:21:49
UFO and also convinced that technology00:21:51
antigravity has long been developed But00:21:53
for some reason it was not made public; moreover, he00:21:56
found out that workers have already been created00:21:58
technologies for obtaining free00:22:00
energy resources Then why don't they00:22:02
are introduced into life but lie useless00:22:05
cargo on electronic servers Where is00:22:08
it's all a penetrating invisible medium00:22:10
in Tesla's opinion, his capable benefactor00:22:13
humanity why isn't she still00:22:16
found or we just don’t care about it00:22:18
they say all car owners are suffering00:22:21
masnia when large ones are written off from cards00:22:24
amounts for refueling an iron canoe with gasoline00:22:27
diesel and gas poison the atmosphere and00:22:29
together with industrial giants00:22:31
are gradually turning our planet into00:22:33
uninhabitable cobblestone and what00:22:36
someone is trying to change the situation00:22:38
Of course, especially since there is an alternative00:22:41
Japanese company genp for several years00:22:44
ago patented a car with00:22:46
engine operating on water but00:22:48
for some reason we still don't see00:22:50
mass production of environmentally friendly00:22:52
vehicles It’s not surprising00:22:55
thanks to the pressure from the energy district00:22:58
A year later, nono employees of Jax00:23:01
luckier than a lone inventor00:23:03
Stanley Meeru, he came up with an environmental00:23:06
ideal splitting engine00:23:08
molecules of water and consumes only a liter00:23:11
liquids at 43 km report on00:23:14
invention even got on one of00:23:16
news channels of Agaya state00:23:18
investments did not pour in00:23:20
American Kulibin opposite him00:23:23
began to put moral pressure on the state court admitted00:23:25
a man a fraudster and later an unwanted00:23:28
the designer hurried as soon as possible00:23:30
remove One day Mayer came to have a snack in00:23:33
one of the eateries and fell dead after00:23:35
a sip of cranberry juice probably00:23:38
poisoned but in all sources00:23:40
it is stubbornly stated that in00:23:42
Stanley died of an aneurysm in 199800:23:46
cerebral vessels similar00:23:48
there were many inventors00:23:57
Patented and American Denis Klein00:24:00
they all ended up about the same00:24:03
or abandoned their projects00:24:05
recognizing them as untalented or in case00:24:07
there was a reluctance to slander oneself00:24:09
convicted and arrested for fraud00:24:12
what is this if not intentional sabotage?00:24:14
planetary scale is finally worth00:24:17
Remember the only person00:24:19
who repeated the experiment of Fleischmann Pons00:24:22
namely the generation of cold fusion on00:24:24
desk we are talking about an engineer00:24:27
Lina researchers are few If he00:24:30
remained alive, perhaps numerous00:24:32
nuclear power plants threatening every second00:24:35
humanity's second Chernobyl00:24:38
there would be no rules for everyone on the planet00:24:40
cold fusion process taking place00:24:42
at low temperatures and practically no00:24:45
posing a danger but in 200400:24:48
Eugene Malov was beaten to death in00:24:51
own home in town00:24:54
horse nacha00:24:58
fall, the conclusion suggests itself00:25:01
huge corporations receiving00:25:03
excess profits are not profitable for the world00:25:05
changed for the better by depriving them of opportunities00:25:08
get rich and reign supreme over the plebeians00:25:10
bones at the foot of the golden Olympus if00:25:14
right-wing enthusiasts will be able to repeat that00:25:16
what was intentionally lost then where are we from00:25:19
you may bring technological00:25:21
What would the process look like like this?00:25:23
case our future and whether we can00:25:26
save these technologies00:25:30
at all times on all planets in all00:25:33
galaxies in space Whatever00:25:35
civilizations did not rise peering00:25:38
into the night sky They saw what We see00:25:42
and asked the questions that are now00:25:44
we also ask00:26:15
A00:26:43
The world around us is incredibly complex00:26:47
How is this00:26:48
[music]00:26:51
perhaps living organisms are generated00:26:54
in chemistry we are a whole set of chemicals00:26:57
elements a What are the ideal conditions for00:27:00
chemical reactions are firstly00:27:06
only the necessary energy is needed00:27:09
quantity and planets are suitable for this00:27:12
couldn't be better because they are close to00:27:14
stars but not too much will also need00:27:18
wide variety of chemicals00:27:19
elements00:27:29
and of course a liquid such as water00:27:33
Why, well, in gases atoms move like this00:27:37
quickly past each other that they can't00:27:39
atoms come closer together in solids00:27:42
They are chained to the spot00:27:44
immobilized, they can drift00:27:47
cuddle and bond with each other00:27:49
for the formation of molecules liquid water00:27:52
Great for Molecule Evolution00:27:55
can dissolve in water and form00:27:58
more complex chains Where can I find one like this?00:28:01
a rare combination of planetary conditions -00:28:04
great place and our young Earth was00:28:07
practically for this purpose00:28:13
the ideal Earth was at the right place00:28:15
distance from your star to00:28:17
contain huge oceans of liquid water and00:28:20
the very depths of the cracks in the earth's crust00:28:23
amazing things started happening00:28:25
chemical reactions atoms combined to form00:28:28
all sorts of fancy00:28:31
[music]00:28:37
[music]00:28:51
combinations here on our planet00:28:54
microbes have adapted to survive in00:28:56
the most hostile conditions anhydrous00:28:59
cold deserts Himalayas depressions00:29:02
ocean depths with pressures of thousands00:29:04
tons of life forms existed in the void00:29:08
many years without00:29:19
oxygen very quickly as soon as Earth00:29:22
cooled down after e formation we know that00:29:25
it was born on it00:29:27
life happened fast on earth we00:29:29
we assume it should be fast00:29:31
history also happens on other planets00:29:35
earth gives hope that life can00:29:37
be widespread00:30:02
[music]00:30:23
we know that the Galaxy is rich in water00:30:26
Navona organic00:30:28
and complex chemistry of the sun. What is necessary for00:30:31
origins of life on this planet00:30:33
exists in abundance throughout the galaxy00:30:36
did something like that happen?00:30:39
happened once on our planet and on00:30:42
on other planets dry numbers claim00:30:45
that the existence of alien life00:30:48
almost inevitably up to a quarter of all stars00:30:51
have rocky planets with orbits in the zone00:30:54
habitability required for liquid water00:30:56
distance from star00:30:58
only in our Milky Galaxy00:31:01
path of approximately 50 billion worlds00:31:04
similar to Earth00:31:13
[music]00:31:29
habitable planets with an earth mass of00:31:31
observable part of the universe is greater than00:31:33
caves on all the beaches of the earth among this00:31:37
abundance many will be deadly00:31:39
for earthly life in habitable zones00:31:42
there are planets suffocating in toxic gases00:31:45
many will be hot and frozen00:31:48
absent atmosphere or this00:31:50
The atmosphere will be completely unsuitable for00:31:53
life Venus was previously capable of00:31:56
maintain life sterile under your00:31:58
toxic atmosphere But life is possible00:32:02
not limited to habitable zone Far from00:32:05
the heat of its star's giant satellites00:32:07
gas planets may be oases of life00:32:11
They do not receive energy from Star00:32:13
Light from constant gravity00:32:16
attraction and repulsion of your planet00:32:25
[music]00:32:29
V00:32:30
In 2026, NASA plans to send00:32:32
research drone on Titan V00:32:35
searching for life in its valleys and craters in00:32:38
Our Galaxy alone, maybe00:32:40
100 trillion Exo satellites 100 times00:32:43
more than the number of planets Some of them00:32:46
may even be the size of the earth00:32:48
atmosphere and water on the surface with00:32:51
so many possible foci in00:32:53
life seems that its discovery is only00:32:56
it's a matter of time, some people think that we00:32:59
it's already00:33:13
discovered only one bacterium00:33:15
on Mars or any other solar body00:33:18
systems will give an understanding that the entire chain00:33:20
evolutions of cosmic chemical00:33:23
biological works everywhere in this00:33:26
case of origin throughout the Universe00:33:29
turns out to be a rule rather than00:33:32
[music]00:33:39
with the exception of during our lifetime we00:33:42
let's understand that there is life on other bodies00:33:44
This will help the solar system better00:33:47
understand the process of evolution here on Earth00:33:50
we will find planets around other stars o00:33:52
which we can say we see00:33:55
potential signs of habitation00:33:59
Sun this will happen in the next 10-20 years00:34:02
Isn't it breathtaking We're standing on00:34:05
on the threshold of what people were wondering about00:34:08
alone for thousands of years00:34:16
We are almost 14 billion years old in the Universe and ours00:34:21
The galaxy is about 12 billion, which means somewhere00:34:25
there may be life00:34:27
superior in development to what is on00:34:30
our planet00:34:36
[music]00:34:42
[music]00:35:05
the only elements created by00:35:07
big bang hydrogen helium and some00:35:10
lithium are the elements that gave life00:35:13
The universe was not created during00:35:15
the big bang is the only place where00:35:18
they were able to arise - this is fiery00:35:21
the core of a star and the only way for00:35:23
them free explosion stars arrive00:35:28
13.7 billion years ago the first00:35:31
components of life, some believe that00:35:35
living conditions could still exist00:35:37
earlier as it cools down after a big one00:35:40
explosion, the Universe passed through an era00:35:43
optimal00:35:44
conditions for millions of years of heat00:35:47
was ubiquitous like an endless Summer00:35:50
day on earth suggest that the Stars and00:35:53
planets could have formed on00:35:55
such an early stage in super dense regions00:35:58
spaces if such areas00:36:00
existed then liquid water could00:36:03
be present in abundance even on00:36:04
wandering planets distant from any00:36:07
stars Could this be the dawn of life00:36:19
[music]00:36:27
[music]00:36:36
[music]00:36:44
[music]00:37:05
what might happen after us reds00:37:08
dwarfs can live up to 10 trillion years00:37:11
for entire epochs bathing the planets in00:37:14
Starlight to any living creatures00:37:17
close to such stars you will have to fight00:37:19
with violent solar flares and00:37:22
Many of these are constantly threatening to become extinct00:37:25
planets00:37:28
one side is always turned towards the star00:37:31
and the other is in darkness but the Earth00:37:34
taught us that life is wonderful00:37:37
adapts what forms it can take00:37:40
life when it has trillions of years to00:37:43
evolution expansion of space time00:37:46
will make distant stars invisible and00:37:49
the night skies seem in the darkness00:37:53
in the future there will be curiosity00:37:59
We are very lucky to know the answer to this00:38:02
question sun what we need is to take a look00:38:06
top What do you associate with00:38:09
cotton candy Possibly with lungs00:38:12
feathers or weightless snowflakes00:38:15
probably not with stars or planets00:38:18
We are used to thinking that planets are simply00:38:21
huge and incredibly heavy However00:38:24
latest scientific00:38:26
opening an overview of the device00:38:28
celestial bodies upside down00:38:31
humanity discovered in the depths00:38:33
space amazing worlds that00:38:35
imagine how easy it can be00:38:38
cotton candy or corn flakes00:38:41
think it's a joke these planets00:38:45
there really are scientists00:38:48
classified them into a special group called00:38:50
ultra-light planets are exoplanets00:38:54
there are space objects located behind00:38:56
outside our solar system00:38:59
mass is only slightly more than mass00:39:01
Earth and the radius exceeds the parameters00:39:04
Neptune these planets look huge and00:39:07
heavy as Jupiter But in reality00:39:10
approximately 100 times lighter than them00:39:13
density is approximately half00:39:15
grams per cubic centimeter But even00:39:18
among these planets there are even more00:39:21
amazing cosmic bodies to take to00:39:24
example of exoplanet Kepler 51b Kepler00:39:28
51c and Kepler 51d from the constellation Cygnus is00:39:33
three bodies orbiting a star00:39:36
Kepler 51 discovered in 2012 with00:39:40
using the Kepler 2 space telescope00:39:43
years after this discovery, scientists00:39:46
discovered Kepler 51b and Kepler 51d two00:39:50
extremely low density object B00:39:53
in this system their density does not exceed00:39:56
zero point 1 g per cubic centimeter00:40:00
if you imagine the components of these00:40:03
planets in the form of 160 l then this volume will be00:40:06
weigh only 16 kg while volume B00:40:10
160 liters of ordinary earth sand will be00:40:13
weigh about 190 kg but are these true00:40:17
calculations It's hard to imagine00:40:19
the existence of cosmic bodies with such00:40:22
low density exoplanet00:40:24
really very difficult to detect and00:40:27
study they are on too much00:40:30
distance from the ground their glow dims00:40:32
from the bright radiation of nearby stars for00:40:35
searches for such specific objects00:40:38
scientists use various methods00:40:40
indirect determination and results00:40:42
Of course, the first ones are not always accurate00:40:44
attempts to study the star VA SP 9 s00:40:47
using a high-precision spectrograph under00:40:49
the name harps was mistakenly determined to be00:40:52
there are no planets in this star system00:40:56
such a fate would have been known in the heat of the system00:40:59
Alpha Centauri bi beam study00:41:02
the speed of this star showed that00:41:04
recorded vibrations of Light are caused by00:41:07
just some errors00:41:09
devices and not by passing space00:41:11
bodies through the Light source as later00:41:14
it turned out it was cosmic after all00:41:16
body exoplanet Alpha Centauri bi in00:41:20
case with super planets in Kepler 5100:41:24
there were no errors. It was00:41:27
confirmed by modern research with00:41:29
Astronomers using the Hubble telescope00:41:32
Universities of Colorado and00:41:35
Bolderai planets Kepler 51b and Kepler 51d00:41:40
hoping to find traces of water on them they00:41:43
decided to try the traditional method00:41:45
astronomical transit during00:41:47
which from the point of view of an observer from00:41:50
one celestial body at a certain point00:41:52
passes in front of another celestial body00:41:54
obscuring part of it00:41:58
research no water molecules00:42:00
was not found moreover it was very00:42:03
It’s difficult to say exactly what processes00:42:06
occur in the atmospheres of these ultralight00:42:09
giants studying objects was00:42:11
difficult due to strong matte haze in00:42:14
The upper atmosphere of planets to00:42:16
Scientists had to clarify the situation00:42:19
turn to computer simulation00:42:21
a complex computer system was essentially00:42:24
the question was asked what kind of PBX00:42:27
combination of ultra low density and00:42:30
matte haze It turned out that the mixture00:42:32
hydrogen and helium surrounded by a layer of methane00:42:35
can ideally support these conditions00:42:38
all these gases are much lighter than air00:42:41
remember filled balloons00:42:43
helium methane creates that same haze00:42:47
which interferes with detailed study00:42:49
planets of the Kepler system 51 astronomers more00:42:53
previously discovered something similar00:42:55
titanium satellites of Saturn precisely because00:42:57
high methane content in the atmosphere00:43:00
scientists could not find a natural satellite00:43:02
get a clear enough image00:43:05
celestial body it has changed from00:43:07
appearance of the Cassini spacecraft00:43:10
arrived at Saturn in 2004 in00:43:13
difference from terrestrial clouds Clouds on00:43:15
titanium contain salt crystals This gave00:43:18
scientists understand that Kepler 51b and00:43:21
Kepler 51d has a lot in common with others00:43:25
gas-saturated planets00:43:28
exoplanets you 17b with an average00:43:31
density00:43:32
0.1 g per cubic centimeter is so00:43:35
light that theoretically can float on00:43:38
surface of the water if found00:43:41
such a gigantic capacity Of course00:43:43
experts suggest that education00:43:46
clouds is related to the temperature of the planet00:43:48
the colder the planet, the stronger it is00:43:51
will be covered in haze. The strange thing is that00:43:54
Kepler 51b00:43:57
have too incredible00:43:59
parameters One gets the feeling that00:44:01
these worlds simply could not have arisen and00:44:03
form next to their stars as00:44:06
fact for you that the atmospheres of these planets00:44:09
actively evaporate into space00:44:11
space this phenomenon can00:44:13
explain why ultra-light exoplanets00:44:16
so rare to this day openly00:44:19
less than fifteen of these super light00:44:22
giants Since these planets are very00:44:24
young by the standards of the Universe - about 50000:44:28
million years, some experts believe00:44:31
that their current state is just00:44:34
only a temporary stage Most likely at the end00:44:37
in its long journey, Kepler 511b will become00:44:40
something like little Neptune And this one00:44:43
the type of planets most often found in00:44:45
to our Galaxy But Kepler 51d00:44:49
located further from its star and00:44:51
will remain an unusual celestial body with00:44:54
extremely low density But even He00:44:57
later he will lose part of his already00:45:00
low mass and atmosphere after all00:45:03
all three ultralight worlds will stop00:45:05
existence as we are00:45:07
we can see now science is trying00:45:10
learn more about exoplanet astronomers00:45:13
have great hopes for space exploration00:45:16
telescope james ub which should00:45:18
replace the hub in 2021 with a new device00:45:22
will have much more00:45:24
sensitivity to distant light00:45:26
waves and maybe he can look00:45:28
through heavy clouds00:45:31
ultra-light there are other options00:45:34
scientists propose studying these worlds00:45:37
run00:45:38
nanozoom to distant stars these little ones00:45:42
will be able to take photographs of exoplanets and00:45:45
send them back to earth unconditionally00:45:48
With the development of science and technology, scientists00:45:50
many more will be opened00:45:53
ultralight amazing it is believed that in00:45:57
There are about 100 in our Galaxy00:45:59
billion exoplanets we have found only about00:46:04
4,160 of them Imagine how many00:46:07
incredible miracles are still hidden from00:46:10
exoplanet 55 Cancer and in the constellation00:46:14
cancer may be just one of these00:46:16
miracles computer modeling00:46:19
carried out in 2011 showed that this00:46:22
the planet is made of graphite and diamonds in00:46:25
its surface composition also contains corbite00:46:27
and silicates are located in the center of the planet00:46:30
iron core imagine a world where00:46:33
diamonds occupy approximately 1/3 of00:46:37
entire surface on exoplanets HD00:46:41
189733b which is in the distance00:46:45
63 light years from earth it rains from00:46:48
glass And even in horizontal00:46:50
direction And all thanks to the force of the wind00:46:53
which can reach 8700 there00:46:57
there are many others00:47:00
amazing places in our Galaxy on00:47:03
Some snow falls in the form of stones, while on00:47:06
others can be seen in the sky00:47:08
several lights at once just like on00:47:10
planet Tatooine in Star Wars00:47:13
Maybe someday we'll discover00:47:15
exoplanets whose density will be even lower00:47:18
than in the planets Kepler 51 inhabitants00:47:22
interested in objects and phenomena00:47:24
The Universe often does not exist for clever terms00:47:28
and complex explanations offered00:47:30
astrophysics or quantum workers00:47:33
theories but find out what neutron is00:47:36
the star which we talked about in one00:47:38
from past videos or a black hole however00:47:42
less really want to actually any00:47:45
object or phenomenon even the most complex00:47:48
can be explained to a six year old00:47:51
The only question is the style of presentation and00:47:53
degree of understanding of the problem with oneself00:47:56
storyteller00:47:57
of course What is string theory or how00:48:00
what a black hole looks like cannot be described in detail00:48:03
just to give a general idea about them00:48:06
It’s quite possible today we’ll talk about00:48:09
little-studied invisible macrocosm00:48:12
of which we ourselves are a part00:48:15
black holes, what kind of objects are they and00:48:18
What laws they live by was discussed00:48:21
repeatedly but we will try to describe them00:48:24
Let's start as simply and clearly as possible with00:48:27
names Why black and not blue00:48:30
or are these objects purple?00:48:33
any color The fact is that for the first time00:48:36
an apt nickname given to the space funnel00:48:39
savvy journalists And at their suggestion00:48:42
black holes began to be called that00:48:44
astrophysicists Although initially objects00:48:46
were called collapsar if universal00:48:50
the whirlpool is alone00:48:52
detecting it directly is not easy00:48:55
becomes possible only with00:48:56
using indirect methods black00:48:59
holes can be observed in two cases00:49:02
the first when they are next to them00:49:05
material objects such as stars00:49:08
The collapsar manifests itself by being active00:49:10
eats the hapless neighbor's substance00:49:13
forming an accretion disk second case00:49:16
when two black holes connect between00:49:19
the process manifests itself00:49:21
gravitational waves00:49:24
catches returning color definition00:49:27
we can say that objects of this kind are not00:49:30
have a shade at all. Moreover, they00:49:32
irrevocably absorb everything even00:49:36
light is precisely this property that makes them00:49:40
invisible to understand why00:49:42
this is exactly what happens, you need to get closer00:49:44
to the origins of black holes00:49:48
how these objects are born, like everything else00:49:51
significant in this world they appear00:49:54
in the throes of thee ZZ in several tens and then00:49:58
and hundreds of sons, coming to a predictable end00:50:01
flashes for the last time during00:50:04
epic explosion that is actually00:50:06
death she collapses throwing into space00:50:09
a colossal amount of gas after00:50:12
this is why its compressed core may well00:50:14
become a black hole if enough00:50:17
hard to fall into00:50:19
spatial funnel in this way00:50:21
it becomes completely invisible00:50:25
this is what the orthodox says00:50:27
now that the holes are the final product00:50:30
evolution of zzd heavyweights but what to do with00:50:34
objects weighing millions or even00:50:36
billions of suns Where did they come from?00:50:40
it is astrophysicists who also give the answer to00:50:43
based on knowledge accumulated over centuries but00:50:45
first let's look at what00:50:48
consists of the object under discussion and what00:50:50
a hole has the characteristics of00:50:54
essentially has00:50:55
only properties mass and speed00:50:59
rotation is considered that the rest00:51:01
she has no physical parameters00:51:03
since the collapsar is ephemeral00:51:07
space-time domain00:51:09
However, a black hole has a boundary and00:51:12
the size of the first is called the Event Horizon00:51:15
conventional line crossing which is nothing00:51:18
someone like that won't be able to break out00:51:21
the effect occurs not only due to00:51:24
possessing monstrous gravity00:51:26
The escape velocity of black holes exceeds00:51:29
maximum capabilities of Light photons00:51:32
But also because of reinforced concrete laws00:51:34
dictated by physics if the subject00:51:37
substance particle or information00:51:40
will try to escape from the powerful00:51:42
Funnels then this will mean that time00:51:44
turned back and similar How00:51:47
known not yet subject to anyone00:51:49
That is why the exit from under the horizon00:51:52
default events are not possible And now00:51:56
Let's return to the question of implausible00:51:59
the parameters of some black holes are still00:52:02
how could objects weighing up to00:52:05
billions of suns if black holes -00:52:08
the final evolution of stars then where from00:52:10
the luminaries have taken over the monsters, the answer is obvious00:52:14
stars of such mass simply do not exist00:52:18
however, the presence of supermassive00:52:20
black holes have already been proven, moreover, one00:52:24
of which was captured in April 200000:52:28
By the way, this was done for the first time in00:52:30
the entire history of observations of the event, even00:52:34
dedicated international00:52:36
press conference But is it possible00:52:38
take a photo of something you can't see00:52:40
it turned out Yes, astronomers managed to catch00:52:44
the moment when the light did not have time to cross00:52:46
Event Horizon but was incredible00:52:49
close to this we are talking about over00:52:52
massive collapse of Tasya in the galaxy00:52:57
from light years away to capture the moment00:53:01
truth needed all telescopes00:53:04
installed on different continents00:53:06
the mass of this black hole is 6 and a half00:53:09
times more solar Where did it come from?00:53:13
giant with black holes from n to 60 masses00:53:17
the sun is more or less clear00:53:20
appeared after compression00:53:22
Asia here00:53:25
SHV T somewhat differently overwhelming00:53:29
number of heavy monsters of steel00:53:31
such because billions of years have not00:53:33
complained of appetite, devouring everything00:53:36
dangerously close to them00:53:39
another likely scenario00:53:41
cosmic Funnels of enormous size and00:53:44
weight symbiosis of two or more black00:53:47
holes united into one but the second00:53:49
option happens extremely rarely00:53:51
distances in the Universe00:53:54
monstrous when the conversation turns tom00:53:56
that the sun falls into a black hole or00:53:59
the human brain is helpfully sucked in00:54:02
offers for comparison a certain capacity00:54:05
which should be the bottom But in this00:54:08
In this case, the association is incredibly far from00:54:11
for the sake of truth it is worth saying00:54:14
that scientists are not entirely sure how00:54:16
how the belly of a black hole works, but there are no hypotheses00:54:20
this topic is quite a popular theory00:54:23
says there is a bottomless monster inside00:54:25
there is a singularity point region with00:54:29
infinite temperature from which00:54:31
According to modern ideas00:54:33
Our universe most likely did not appear00:54:36
one of the well-known physical laws for00:54:38
does not work outside the event horizon00:54:41
This is completely incomprehensible and alien to us00:54:45
Nuno's world and the main question What will happen00:54:48
with a man who, by some miracle00:54:50
will fall into the embrace of a black hole to judge00:54:54
we can do this purely theoretically00:54:56
No one living on earth is fortunately there00:54:59
didn't hit, but even if it happened00:55:02
the astronaut could not share something useful00:55:04
experiments for the reasons stated earlier And that’s it00:55:07
what will happen first when falling into00:55:10
a black funnel to a man who has turned00:55:12
will his head be torn off in the spaghetti or will he00:55:15
VNO flattened a can of stew correctly00:55:18
there will be exactly this sequence because00:55:21
at the beginning due to curvature00:55:23
space is happening00:55:25
stretching later00:55:27
collapsing black hole - most interesting00:55:30
An object that, together with the Hicks base and00:55:33
other discoveries will help someday00:55:36
unravel the universal Mysteries and understand00:55:39
secrets of the universe What if soon00:55:41
it turns out that we will have to look for ourselves00:55:44
new home away from space00:55:46
shocks and insatiable whirlpools that00:55:49
are you thinking about00:55:51
everything has a beginning and an end00:55:56
These are the laws of the world once upon a time00:56:00
an endless hot spot was born00:56:02
the immensity of the Universe and with it the00:56:05
everything that we see around But one day00:56:08
myriads of planets, hosts of stars, swarms of asteroids00:56:12
and Komet will go to00:56:14
oblivion is already inevitable, the ending is inevitable00:56:17
is approaching Imagine that you are very00:56:19
you cut your finger, it hurts you a lot And here you go00:56:23
this moment is broadcast on TV about00:56:26
that somewhere on the other side of the world fell00:56:29
what will be more important to you in this00:56:32
moment of hellish pain in the finger or00:56:36
air00:56:37
disaster of course its own shirt Closer to00:56:40
body And there will be own troubles00:56:43
much closer So it is with death00:56:46
The universe is huge, bigger than us00:56:50
are able to imagine and mind she is not00:56:52
instantly00:56:57
macrocosm Galaxy asteroids and planets00:57:00
including our common home00:57:03
the earth is what interests us in the first place00:57:07
turn on how the beautiful Blue will die00:57:10
Planet Shelter00:57:13
humanity Earth since its00:57:15
birth was subject to dynamic00:57:18
changes but Metamorphoses awaiting us00:57:21
ahead Lead to final death00:57:24
all living things00:57:26
How will the face of the planet change in00:57:29
further as a result of activities00:57:32
a person's concentration will increase00:57:34
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere Therefore, in00:57:37
next 50,000 years new glacial00:57:41
the period is definitely not going to be pleasant for earthlings00:57:44
hear although it's only00:57:47
delay After a while the slope will change00:57:50
earth's axis because the moon00:57:52
stabilizing this indicator00:57:54
is gradually moving away from us00:57:57
This means that humanity is waiting for more00:57:59
sudden climate changes and increases00:58:02
duration of the day presumably00:58:05
the supercontinent will appear again00:58:07
uniting the entire earth's land is00:58:10
will lead to an increase in volcanism and00:58:12
lower levels00:58:14
seas after stormy climatic and00:58:18
geological upheavals of those who survive00:58:21
expect more in00:58:26
the end of the earthly age we are talking about00:58:30
inevitable collapse of the closest to us00:58:32
the stars will show the first signs of00:58:34
a billion later00:58:36
years Solar luminosity during this period00:58:39
will be 10% higher than the current one due to00:58:43
what will the oceans start00:58:45
the surface of the planet will soon evaporate00:58:47
will turn into waterless lifeless00:58:50
desert with rare lakes at the poles Although00:58:54
in some microbial organisms00:58:56
perhaps there will also be a greenhouse00:58:58
life through00:59:00
2.8 billion years temperature on Earth00:59:04
will reach 150 degrees Celsius00:59:07
after 4 billion years the planet will melt00:59:10
even the mountains because it will turn into00:59:13
firebox with temperature 130000:59:17
another billion years will pass and00:59:20
the sun bypassing the terminal stage00:59:22
red giant and incidentally absorbed p00:59:26
the group will turn white00:59:28
dwarf But if by some miracle the Earth00:59:31
will go through terrible times it will be00:59:33
exist until the end of time, albeit in00:59:36
looking dead00:59:38
stone but when will the final00:59:41
the finale will fail like that00:59:44
the plane mentioned at the beginning00:59:47
video about what will happen to the earth and00:59:50
The sun illustrates the processes that00:59:52
will be observed everywhere in different00:59:54
ends of the universe00:59:57
slowly and painfully the agony of a star01:00:01
burning or freezing planets01:00:04
disintegrating into atoms01:00:07
This is what galaxies will look like01:00:09
dying01:00:10
macrocosm of the death of parental luminaries01:00:13
will naturally affect everything01:00:16
star systems will turn into smoldering01:00:19
embers around which will circle01:00:21
debris of planets and a few survivors01:00:24
celestial bodies01:00:26
the final death of the universe, scientists01:00:28
it is considered in two versions: either01:00:32
will shrink or expand Both01:00:35
means the inevitable end, the only difference is01:00:38
the theory of the collapse of the universe in detail01:00:42
very01:00:43
remarkable This scenario is possible01:00:45
if the density of matter in the macrocosm is higher01:00:49
critical according to supporters01:00:51
given theory, the speed of retraction01:00:53
objects will gradually disappear and01:00:56
Gravity will begin to collect them again01:00:58
together01:00:59
as a result, all existing Galaxies01:01:02
the stars will merge into them and begin01:01:05
hot gas collide and explode01:01:07
will disintegrate into elementary particles a01:01:10
black holes will swallow everything around01:01:12
becoming larger than her and01:01:15
hotter under this hypothesis01:01:18
there is an assumption about a large01:01:20
rebound it points to the eternal01:01:22
cyclicality01:01:24
the universe knows that after compression to a point01:01:27
singularity will happen again01:01:29
big bang and it all starts01:01:32
again at the same time the latest scientific01:01:34
the data indicate that so far it is observed01:01:37
accelerating expansion01:01:39
Universe in this case, astrophysicists01:01:42
there is another theory much01:01:45
more logical01:01:46
the previous one we know more about it01:01:49
heat death01:01:51
Universe what does it mean01:01:55
after billions of years, burnt out stars01:01:58
will turn into dim dwarfs01:02:01
neutron stars or black holes through01:02:04
150 billion years if the recession speed is not01:02:08
distant galaxies will inevitably shrink01:02:11
will disappear behind the cosmological01:02:14
horizon Observers located in01:02:17
local group of galaxies will no longer be able to01:02:19
see other objects outside01:02:21
your community and in no way with01:02:24
try to interact with them01:02:27
contact and01:02:28
other further after 800 billion years01:02:32
gradually smothered local groups in general01:02:36
the process of star formation01:02:37
will finally end in 10001:02:40
trillion01:02:41
years for some time Star remains01:02:44
will illuminate the emptiness of space and then01:02:47
the planets will fall on their dead luminaries and01:02:50
the rest of the objects will be gobbled up by supermassive ones01:02:52
black holes And what does the Universe seem like?01:02:56
empty not01:02:58
just about 10 to the power of 4001:03:01
years across its expanses will be lonely01:03:04
skimp on leptons and photons and after 1001:03:08
to the hundredth power According to the statement01:03:10
Hawking evaporate even black01:03:13
holes have a probability of 10 to the power01:03:17
10 to the power 10 to the power 56 years01:03:21
quantum fluctuations will provoke a new01:03:24
Big Bang01:03:26
Although in this vacuum it may01:03:29
zarodina example Boltzmann01:03:31
brain probability of its occurrence01:03:34
is times 10 to the power of 10 to01:03:37
degree 50 years, but scientists are not done yet01:03:42
stop there is another one01:03:44
remarkable theory called01:03:46
big01:03:47
break What will happen in this case01:03:51
the expansion rate will increase so much01:03:53
what time01:03:56
subatomic parts and space itself01:04:00
time but whatever the theory is01:04:03
correct death of the universe event01:04:05
too distant and global to01:04:08
it makes more sense to worry seriously01:04:11
pay attention to your own planet01:04:13
and the parent star since their finale01:04:16
much01:04:18
closer to perhaps living in the distant future01:04:21
will be curious what it was like to live in01:04:23
a beautifully young era01:04:26
We are very lucky to know the answer to this01:04:29
question sun what we need is to take a look01:04:33
top have any of you left the area?01:04:36
lands are confident that 100% of respondents01:04:40
will answer01:04:41
negative if you think about it that number01:04:43
there are only so many people like this on the planet01:04:46
in dozens But earthly devices in this01:04:48
in fact, we were seriously surpassed by many probes01:04:52
managed to visit Mars Venus Moon01:04:55
Moreover, some are automatic01:04:57
interplanetary stations launched at the end01:05:00
of the last century are still plowed01:05:02
outer space Voyager 201:05:05
left the earth in01:05:07
1977 is rushing right now01:05:10
speed of about 15 km per second at01:05:13
even 18 billion kilometres away from us01:05:17
it will take 17 hours for light to01:05:19
what is it to fly to this location?01:05:23
preface it's hard to guess01:05:26
We decided to remember which objects01:05:28
Solar System seen by Voyager 2 so far01:05:31
did not leave her forever, in particular that01:05:34
the probe was examined by Beroni in second place01:05:37
the size of a moon of Uranus but first01:05:39
Let's add a little biographical summary01:05:42
about one of the most famous interplanetary01:05:44
devices01:05:46
world Voyager 2 is the brainchild of agency nas and01:05:50
practice has shown that it’s not the worst01:05:53
zones specially created for studying01:05:56
PT of our heat system He is excellent01:05:59
coped with the task and was the only one01:06:02
man-made vehicles reached Uranus and01:06:04
Neptune regarding Aron named in01:06:07
honor of a famous Shakespearean character01:06:10
plays here the thief 2 also became01:06:13
pioneer for the first time01:06:15
photographed by the Uninsky satellite and01:06:27
in the photo of Arona taken by thief 2 and01:06:30
remember what he discovered in the distant01:06:33
celestial body umbrella maximum01:06:36
approached the crown of winter01:06:39
1986 It was so long ago that01:06:42
even about the Chernobyl accident then01:06:44
no one heard the speaker exploded After 301:06:47
month after a landmark month for astronomers01:06:49
events the distance to which under 2K about01:06:56
Ul Herschel composed01:06:59
47600 km thanks to the probe the world for the first time01:07:03
I saw Aron's photo, the resolution of the pictures01:07:06
it was about 6 km so scientists01:07:09
subsequently it was possible to consider more01:07:12
40% of the surface of the moon of Uranus but01:07:15
fully01:07:26
maybe with Voyager Voyages 201:07:29
which still lasts for a long time01:07:32
will end what the probe discovered on01:07:35
dead stone circling all outside the magnetosphere01:07:38
Uranus disappoint neither fairies nor elves01:07:42
other mythical creatures that inhabited01:07:44
William Shakespeare's play was not there before01:07:47
Voyager 2 cameras appeared quite01:07:50
dull landscape with strange stripes and01:07:53
craters01:07:55
koto zone managed to fix and reaches01:07:57
up to 210 km in diameter according to tradition it01:08:02
named after a character in the works01:08:04
English playwright Hamlet if01:08:07
look carefully at the photograph01:08:09
you can see a funnel on the edge of the disk01:08:11
its smaller name is atella Judging by01:08:16
few pictures of uranium relief01:08:18
sky satellite formed by frequent01:08:21
comet attacks and01:08:24
asteroids with deep canyon tracks01:08:27
past tectonic activity By the way01:08:30
if you look even more closely then01:08:32
a distant hill is visible on the disk01:08:35
rising above the surface of Aron01:08:38
at about 11 km it is much higher than01:08:41
our Geelong most likely the embankment dominates01:08:44
above a crater whose dimensions can01:08:46
achieve01:08:48
375 meter diameter visible in the photo01:08:52
objects discovered by thief 2 and01:08:54
later called astronomers of the earth01:08:57
the most noticeable among the canyons01:09:00
name Mamur charming forest01:09:02
ruled by King Aeron Why probe01:09:06
saw only part of the satellite's surface01:09:09
this is not surprising at the time of the visit01:09:11
Voyager 2 the sun illuminated the South01:09:14
Aron's northern hemisphere was01:09:16
immersed in mesh darkness than 2 struck01:09:21
astronomers observation spectrograph01:09:26
s talked about the presence on the satellite01:09:28
huge amount of ice therefore01:09:30
AC measurements were carried out including01:09:33
and to clarify this point data01:09:36
received from Voyager 201:09:39
stunned by analyzing the information01:09:41
astronomers have suggested the following if01:09:44
the satellite has an icy mantle and01:09:46
stone core then the space between them01:09:49
could be filled with the ocean of Pochaev01:09:55
water of incredible size, of course it is01:09:58
only hypotheses But if this is the case01:10:00
that's exactly how the depth of the Arona Ocean01:10:03
can reach 40 km to understand01:10:06
how much is it worth? Remember about01:10:09
the deepest depression on earth01:10:11
Mariana's gouge about 11 km deep01:10:15
groundwater temperature01:10:17
hypothetical ocean probably01:10:19
is about01:10:20
-93 potse Although nothing is impossible01:10:24
to say for sure because for this01:10:26
it is necessary to carefully study the thermal01:10:28
the history of Oberon, what else is the legendary probe01:10:32
having disturbed the peace of the gloomy planet he told01:10:35
about her the surface of Aron is not only01:10:37
pitted with craters and canyons but also01:10:40
ice is distinguished by its reddish color01:10:43
satellite is harder than stone And at the bottom almost01:10:46
all the craters one can see some Dark01:10:49
substance of unknown origin01:10:52
Perhaps these are the consequences of cryovolcanism01:10:56
thief similarity with the lunar seas day01:10:59
Naro lasts only 13 hours but Northern01:11:03
hemisphere of the planet is immersed in eternal01:11:05
night as the satellite is turned towards uranium01:11:08
always on the same side But every season01:11:11
here lasts 42 years in a row for01:11:14
some people have one winter on Beroni01:11:17
would mean a kiss01:11:19
we will see life on the satellite of Uranus01:11:24
at some place he will meet such a person01:11:27
a burning cold that no spacesuit can01:11:30
brown-brown can resist him01:11:33
the surface is pitted and icy and01:11:35
also a huge bluish Planet01:11:38
hanging over Aaron not too much01:11:40
a hospitable picture, really in the end01:11:43
leaving the system of satellites and rings01:11:45
nebulous Uranus lying on its side probe01:11:48
clicked her illuminated stingy solar01:11:51
rays that almost never visit this distant01:11:54
location and somewhere in the darkness Aron silently01:11:57
I said goodbye to the earthly apparatus, I’m sailing away That’s it01:11:59
further into the dark depths01:12:02
space unfortunately the thief 2 was too01:12:06
fleeting so I didn’t have time to study everything01:12:09
laws of an insanely distant world and01:12:11
fully consider it, but even stingy01:12:14
enough information to understand a simple01:12:17
fact Aron keeps many mysteries for the time being01:12:20
hiding in its dark depths as already01:12:23
mentioned Missy surface or Orbit01:12:26
satellites of uranium are not expected If01:12:29
only lightning will not happen01:12:31
a technical breakthrough such as01:12:33
could be the emergence of quantum01:12:35
computer which was mentioned in one01:12:37
from our previous videos If you01:12:41
imbued with stories about distant planets01:12:44
come back often, we have a lot more to come01:12:47
a lot of01:12:48
interesting If you want it like this01:12:51
was and then let's collect under01:12:53
this video has 20,000 large electronic01:12:56
likes and a new Mega cool issue on01:12:58
channel will be released immediately so no01:13:02
let's miss the chance, click on the like button below01:13:04
video and the Universe is definitely restored01:13:10
will give among the planets of the solar system01:13:13
There is one that particularly stands out among01:13:17
familiar celestial bodies are Saturn01:13:21
ringed gas giant stone01:13:24
whose hoops are visible even from the ground Although01:13:27
the distance between her is a foggy giant01:13:29
amounts to01:13:31
1.2 billion kimet huge Planet01:13:34
surprises not only with rings despite01:13:38
monstrous dimensions its density is less01:13:41
water indicators that allows scientists01:13:43
speculate with a colorful example01:13:45
illustrating Saturn floating in01:13:47
titanic pool on one of01:13:50
the poles of a celestial body are raging strange01:13:53
hurricane polygon origin shape01:13:55
which causes a lot of controversy, this and01:13:58
much more has long required more01:14:01
detailed study Therefore, in01:14:04
1997 was01:14:10
equipped with mogi Secrets of a distant planet01:14:13
automatic interplanetary station01:14:15
Cassini with the Gins probe on board arrived01:14:18
to the required location only by 200401:14:22
the device was literally01:14:25
research stuffing among01:14:28
other mows were equipped with several01:14:30
species01:14:32
spectrometer magnetometer and radars01:14:35
In addition, the board was equipped with several01:14:38
types of computers and nuclear01:14:40
thermoelectric generator because01:14:42
significant distance of the planet from01:14:44
the sun did not allow the probe to be used01:14:46
Starlight as a source of energy How01:14:49
went through half of Kasi in stages at the beginning he01:14:53
accelerated with the slop of Venus and did01:14:56
this is twice in ninety-eight and01:14:58
ninety-nine years later the AC passed01:15:02
past the Earth at a speed of 19 km per second and01:15:05
left the immediate area going to01:15:08
Jupiter and Saturn arriving in place01:15:11
Cassini became the first artificial01:15:13
satellite of the planet and the mission extended01:15:15
20 long years ending in September01:15:19
2017, what did the device see and manage01:15:23
Submit during this time01:15:25
Surprisingly but not01:15:27
1982 when work began on01:15:30
the device not during its launch from the cape01:15:33
Kanaveral in this day or even after01:15:35
Kasia's transformation into a satellite01:15:38
2004 no one suspected that the mission01:15:41
will last that long initially01:15:43
it was planned that the speaker would stay near01:15:46
Saturn until 2008 but the probe is the best01:15:50
bold expectations Notes about01:15:55
due to the lack of fuel almost the aircraft01:15:59
what we now know about the planet happened01:16:01
thanks to Kasi, the first thing the device did01:16:04
confirmed one of the provisions of the general01:16:06
relativity theory results01:16:09
consisted of signal delay and01:16:11
frequency shift during the period when the probe01:16:13
was on the other side of the sun01:16:16
I looked at some more interesting details01:16:19
legendary01:16:20
and sleep in01:16:23
rings, this phenomenon was reported by the probe01:16:26
Voyager Kasi fully confirmed01:16:30
information looks like knitting needles01:16:32
Phantom stripes perpendicular to layers01:16:35
rings According to the laws of celestial mechanics01:16:38
education consisting of the smallest01:16:40
dust particles should quickly break down01:16:43
but the knitting needles still exist Perhaps01:16:46
they are related to powerful magnetic01:16:48
the field of the planet gives the impression01:16:51
that the appearance of these transverse stripes01:16:53
provokes a heavy object01:16:56
located on the planet but no mountains on01:16:59
Saturn cannot be in the heavenly01:17:01
there is no hard surface on the body01:17:04
so the question remains01:17:06
open storm on Gigant next01:17:11
phenomenon carefully studied up close01:17:13
Hellish Storm raging at the North Pole01:17:16
Saturn appears gigantic01:17:18
regular hexagon01:17:20
with a diameter of 25,000 km is inexplicably01:17:24
the device transmitted information to the ground about01:17:27
characteristics of the storm, it goes deeper01:17:30
planets at 100 km and the wind blows here too01:17:33
speeds up to one and a half thousand km HF01:17:37
interest in this structure01:17:39
activated after the mow failed01:17:41
transmitted her image Although before that01:17:44
an unusual hurricane was also noticed01:17:55
it was only now possible to fully01:17:57
It is noteworthy that the walls of the storm are perfect01:18:00
even in 2013 even more received01:18:04
high-quality image stable01:18:06
structures raging at the pole of Saturn01:18:09
the photo was taken from a distance01:18:12
2.2 mil01:18:14
kilometers nuances of rotation before the appearance01:18:18
Kos in Saturn's orbit01:18:20
the length of the day on the planet was01:18:22
only approximately known01:18:25
found out the sun for sure now we know01:18:27
that Saturnian01:18:35
formerly epic aurora phenomenon01:18:40
this is the first time such scales have been recorded01:18:43
auroras in the solar system01:18:45
belts of the poles of a huge planet and01:18:48
are dazzling01:18:50
continuous ovals Kasi also found out01:18:53
remarkable fact Bose pressure01:18:55
solar wind, the clearer the neon01:18:58
Saturnian rings01:19:03
the apparatus recorded auroras on Saturn01:19:06
they are very powerful lightning discharges01:19:08
were observed especially often during01:19:10
storms, except for the hexagon in01:19:13
turbulent atmosphere of giant hurricanes01:19:15
arise everywhere one for example01:19:18
from a distance it looks like a cigarette factory construction site01:19:20
the device also detected smoke near01:19:23
equator belt Storm planetary01:19:26
scale funnel with a diameter of 500001:19:30
km of myriad rings of one of the many01:19:34
Cassini's tasks were to study the mysterious01:19:37
Natalia's planet hoops excite minds01:19:40
scientists since the time of Galileo were completely01:19:43
it was found out that the rings of Saturn are01:19:46
symbiosis of several heterogeneous01:19:48
formations consisting of ice01:19:50
stone and field particles at this time01:19:53
moment01:19:55
Kole Saturn provided by Kosi in01:19:57
various angles the most detailed of01:20:00
existing here is a photo demonstrating01:20:03
ring structure from distances01:20:05
1.8 million kilometers is noticeable on it01:20:09
color inhomogeneity and differences in01:20:12
density A in this image01:20:14
the wave character is clearly visible01:20:17
Saturnian01:20:18
rings of course the information presented in01:20:21
Do not fully explain the nature of the phenomenon01:20:24
light on appearance and content01:20:26
ring formations mission also01:20:29
accompanied by an interesting Nakhodka ko blue01:20:32
found another ring located01:20:35
furthest from the planet is the phoebus ring01:20:38
with a diameter of about 13 million kimets discovered01:20:41
apparatus in 2009 Saturn - planet01:20:46
keeping many secrets but thanks to the mow01:20:49
Many of them have been partially solved by this01:20:53
orbiter saw Planet 201:20:55
January 2010 with the help of Narrow Coal01:20:58
cameras from a distance01:21:00
2.8 million kime at the time of filming the probe01:21:04
had about 7 years to live death of AS01:21:08
was clearly planned Although the apparatus01:21:10
could have died at the beginning of the mission01:21:13
when flying between the rings of a huge01:21:15
planets from earth they seem smooth but01:21:19
in fact, if at least one of01:21:21
fragments the size of a house would crash into01:21:23
Kasi at a speed of 110 km HF then mission01:21:28
cost01:21:29
3.4 billion dollars would have ended in the same01:21:33
a second fortunately the probe was destined01:21:36
work with an artificial satellite01:21:38
much longer the big finale came in01:21:41
2017 before drowning forever01:21:44
in the deadly atmosphere of Saturn Cassini01:21:47
Flew 22 times between the inner01:21:50
ring and planet, which allowed01:21:52
get unique pictures01:21:55
[music]01:21:59
What was the last photo like?01:22:01
hardworking Kamikaze probe that I saw01:22:05
Cassini before diving into the abyss01:22:08
complete loss of signal occurred 1501:22:11
September 2017 at01:22:14
1455 camera captured this So01:22:18
one of the most significant01:22:21
there are no missions in the history of astronautics01:22:24
the afterbirth is not the point yet01:22:28
delivered But most importantly thanks to01:22:31
an expensive mission in every sense01:22:33
humanity learned more about the worlds01:22:36
surrounding the earth admired the northern01:22:39
radiance at the pole of Saturn dropped from his01:22:42
rings Time waits and spares no one01:22:47
eras replace each other people die01:22:50
equipment is born and fails01:22:53
The world is changing dynamically, especially noticeable01:22:57
changes began to occur at the end of the 20th century01:23:00
centuries and in all spheres of life01:23:03
significant Metamorphoses noted in01:23:06
space missions have become bolder and the probe01:23:09
from the category of primitive turned into01:23:12
more advanced and smart01:23:15
However, this does not save them from the inevitable01:23:17
death In this video we will talk about01:23:20
Mars rover Oporni further oti we will remember01:23:25
what the device became famous for01:23:27
I used the opportunities and what I saw on01:23:30
To the Red Planet before we die, let's start with01:23:33
brief background01:23:35
atty one of the twins' devices01:23:38
sent to Mars as part of the mission01:23:40
Mars exploration Rover at the beginning it01:23:43
was called01:23:44
MB and his brother got into01:23:47
the opposite side of the planet01:23:50
M later the probes were renamed oti and sleeps01:23:54
Accordingly, the latter was lucky01:23:57
he worked much less, about 5 years01:24:00
and died stuck in the Martian soil01:24:03
with broken wheels, thickly sprinkled01:24:06
dust, solar panels did not allow him01:24:10
survive the deadly01:24:17
Martian fate but nine years01:24:20
later anyway01:24:25
during his stay on Mars, having thrown off01:24:27
podium of the previous AC champion01:24:29
Viking 1 want to know about the amazing01:24:33
discoveries of NASA's most persistent probe01:24:37
Then look further after death01:24:40
device in 2018 actually01:24:44
the agency released the map01:24:45
demonstrating a forty-kilometer01:24:54
about 90 Solov 92 earth days but mission01:24:58
the task dragged on for almost 5500 days01:25:02
the probe was to prove01:25:05
around the world, Mars was once full of rivers and01:25:08
seas it was almost possible01:25:12
Immediately the first photo that pleased the probe01:25:15
panorama of the Eagle crater where it is successfully01:25:17
landed01:25:19
a two-meter funnel was named exactly like that01:25:22
because in the CIS golfers it is01:25:25
the word means hitting the hole exactly01:25:27
So where did he end up next?01:25:30
studies showed that he landed01:25:33
straight to the bottom of the ancient Martian01:25:35
ocean, this is indicated by the first01:25:38
photo If you look closely at it01:25:40
layered deposits are visible01:25:42
presumably washed by water and created01:25:45
weathering proof01:25:47
presence of water in the Martian past01:25:49
is AND finding the mineral rosite01:25:52
which umbrella discovered a sample of this breed01:25:55
this is also evidenced by strange01:25:57
voids in the stones found by the apparatus but01:26:01
the most significant in terms of detection01:26:03
evidence of the red water past01:26:05
planet is hematite or blueberry like01:26:09
scientists named this mineral in the earth's01:26:11
nature round balls up to 7 mm01:26:14
diameter are formed in geysers and what01:26:16
atney found them on Mars talks about01:26:19
many finds include hematite and other finds01:26:25
copper meridian plateau which consists of01:26:28
there is caviar and used to splash with water01:26:31
significant size want to continue01:26:34
Martian voyage please When atni01:26:39
reached the crater endurance impact meter01:26:42
The funnel was decided to descend01:26:45
probe to its bottom is even a risk01:26:53
that in vain everything went fine at first01:26:57
oti photographed the crater panoramic01:26:59
camera and then for six months01:27:02
explored the funnel, finding more and more there01:27:05
evidence that a long time ago Mars01:27:08
had a much nicer trip01:27:10
the probe continued behind a visible01:27:12
regularity but suddenly looking around01:27:15
heat shield torn off during landing01:27:18
opportunity discovered something nearby01:27:21
a real meteorite lay from the screen01:27:24
first found on another planet01:27:27
called his hit Shield rock after01:27:30
iconic finds stretched monotonous01:27:32
sols filled with capani in Martian01:27:35
soils and sending the results to the ground01:27:37
Oh patyuti even managed to get stuck in01:27:40
thirty centimeter sand dune01:27:42
at home it turned out to get him out of trouble01:27:45
would be a good thing, but not a probe on Mars01:27:48
unsuccessfully skidded as many as 38 Solov not in01:27:52
able to move while the engineers01:27:55
they controlled it from the ground, think about it01:27:57
the mission is over by no means01:28:01
when according to Unity I finally got out of01:28:03
traps, he headed straight for the crater01:28:06
Ribus this is how the umbrella saw him in this01:28:10
the funnel the apparatus worked with such zeal01:28:12
that he started having problems with01:28:14
the manipulator finally decided the hand01:28:17
was left open01:28:19
avoiding jamming of zones here in01:28:24
bu but gradually the wind sl sand with01:28:27
panels and the device was able to move on01:28:30
what can we say about atney's mission?01:28:33
Arkhip dotwork01:28:37
presence of traces of water on the planet, he still01:28:41
sent a huge number of photos01:28:43
surface of Mars we now know about01:28:45
the appearance of our dusty neighbor01:28:47
much larger For example, a crater01:28:50
Victoria who Potti visited after01:28:53
Erebus Dune is clearly visible in the photo01:28:56
located at its bottom here are zones01:29:00
recorded clouds asking over Mars01:29:03
after which for a whole month the Planet01:29:05
plunged into darkness and a thick curtain01:29:08
sandstorm rising from the surface01:29:11
barely allowed the rover to support01:29:14
necessary functions and again the mission01:29:17
was in jeopardy but it was01:29:20
only training the worst was ahead01:29:24
and finally in front of the cameras01:29:26
long-suffering atty covering the crater01:29:28
Endeavor is a huge 22 meter funnel01:29:32
diameter work continued umbrella studied01:29:36
winds of Mars as if deliberately raging01:29:38
seriously sharpened and01:29:41
moved to discover a gypsum vein01:29:45
Through his eyes, the Earthlings saw the Haven grills01:29:48
passage of Phobos against the background of the sun01:29:50
Disk and Matijevic Hill discovered for the first time01:29:55
in the summer of 2013 I drove up to Mount Son where01:30:00
was about to spend his sixth winter on01:30:02
Mars partially awakened apparatus01:30:05
explored Marathon Valley and Percy Valley01:30:08
version of the unknown01:30:10
and that’s all the probe managed to do because01:30:13
what in01:30:14
2018 Mars was covered by a planetary storm01:30:17
the scale of a hurricane the size of North01:30:20
America Covered the planet for many months01:30:22
field Lem01:30:24
99% blocked01:30:54
The device went silent forever after 701:30:57
NASA specialists have been unsuccessful for months01:30:59
having given the probe the last command they announced01:31:02
on the official closure of the atty program01:31:05
stayed on Mars for 15 years and brought01:31:07
invaluable benefits to science Let's01:31:10
Let's look at the umbrella that has settled forever01:31:13
on the planet who destroyed him over the years of work01:31:16
mission, many perceived the rover as01:31:19
something familiar Therefore, after the death of Oti01:31:22
not only scientists but also people were upset01:31:24
Monitor the movements of the device01:31:27
distant celestial body but preparation01:31:30
mission to Mars continues and is possible01:31:33
soon on the surface of the red planet01:31:35
people will walk longevity01:31:38
Representatives' Crystal Dream01:31:40
of the human race she along with bye01:31:43
unattainable immortality confidently01:31:45
is far from leading in the wish list01:31:48
everyone wants to stay in this world01:31:50
throughout the centuries the philosophy of Lude01:31:54
remember the brilliant Ostap01:31:57
sacred phrase from the Golden Calf to me01:32:00
I don't need an eternal needle for the primus I don't01:32:02
I want to live forever but nevertheless it’s an instinct01:32:05
self-preservation forces the majority01:32:07
beings on the planet are passionately desired if01:32:10
not infinite, at least very much01:32:12
long life Why are we unable to01:32:15
make your dreams come true then as residents01:32:17
past eras of VKI did it Kae Bart01:32:24
the cherished centenary Rubicon Is there01:32:27
examples in history besides01:32:40
unproven planet quantity01:32:43
scanty centenarians01:32:55
the secret of their longevity is the first real one01:33:02
document Lin Yun man01:33:05
lived 256 years Although in fact01:33:08
there is no one to confirm his date of birth himself01:33:11
The record holder claimed that he was born in01:33:14
1735, but some historians claim01:33:18
Is the date incorrect?01:33:21
was born in01:33:24
year who is right is unknown but died01:33:27
Mr New in01:33:29
1933 and remained in history as01:33:32
a person whom no one lived longer01:33:35
What if you try to find a connection?01:33:37
between the fates of famous centenarians01:33:40
for example, perhaps the majority of Elders01:33:43
behaved decently01:33:46
and bad habits, let’s say right away:01:33:50
attempts will fail to take even though01:33:53
pereiro when they came to the summer man01:33:57
government officials asking01:33:59
authorize the issuance of a postage stamp from his01:34:01
portrait, the Colombian agreed but with01:34:04
with one condition below He asked01:34:06
attribute the phrase and I drink and smoke to Javier01:34:10
at 169 years old his Soviet brother01:34:14
Shirali Muslimov’s age was also not01:34:17
sober and did not sit on a special01:34:19
diet but that didn’t stop him from crossing 1601:34:22
eight-year mark01:34:24
in fairness it should be said that01:34:26
some elders of the Armed Forces adhered to01:34:28
regarding a healthy lifestyle01:34:31
avoided overeating and most importantly not01:34:33
those mentioned above were nervous over trifles01:34:36
examples01:34:37
unofficial first case01:34:39
recorded in the Guinness Book of Records01:34:41
12 two-year-old French girl Jeanne Calment01:34:45
and the oldest man in the world is01:34:47
summer japanese teacher01:34:50
Simi So longevity01:34:54
What is stopping everyone?01:34:56
Let's step over centuries of milestones01:34:59
understand physiology Although getting ahead01:35:01
Let's say in advance that she is not in this matter01:35:04
aging is primarily gradual01:35:06
extinction of the functions of a living organism While01:35:09
we are young damage appearing on01:35:12
almost invisible at the cellular level01:35:14
But over time they accumulate then01:35:17
a critical breakdown of the mechanism occurs01:35:20
and his work ceases forever01:35:23
difference between organic life and01:35:24
designed machines is that ours01:35:27
molecules are capable of self-regulating01:35:54
consider it normal wear and tear and convince01:35:56
society that birth and death are inevitable01:35:59
are offered in one set with one01:36:02
there is a certain logic to this01:36:05
Why is death necessary?01:36:07
optimization of evolutionary development and01:36:09
implementation of the slogan to young people everywhere01:36:12
road biologists believe that death01:36:15
programmed in the human genome01:36:18
and they even came up with the term feto for this01:36:21
as usual, an example is given01:36:24
you can place them in ideal conditions01:36:26
prevent and treat any disease but01:36:29
in this case, the individuals of the sun will die anyway01:36:31
measured01:36:33
Wasn't there a person or01:36:36
animals that would learn to get around01:36:38
there is an exception to the deadly program01:36:41
really a little one creature on earth01:36:44
is completely devoid of the aging gene and lives in01:36:47
several times longer than expected01:36:49
representative of his species means01:36:52
the naked mole rat gene is supposed to gnaw01:36:56
die after 2-3 years, but individuals survive01:36:59
to n while the diggers to the end01:37:02
retain childlike features and are not at all01:37:05
sensitive to pain even to burns01:37:07
sulfuric acid And what about01:37:10
examples of long-lived people prove01:37:13
what can a person do if he doesn’t win?01:37:15
death then significantly delay it01:37:18
there is another pure01:37:20
psychological nuance about which we01:37:22
promised to tell01:37:25
cannot be dismissed when discussing the issue01:37:28
extending human life is ours01:37:30
the subconscious is a complex mechanism01:37:33
capable of not only weakening but also01:37:35
stimulate the body to longevity01:37:38
you say nonsense, people live so long01:37:41
as much as his physical ability allows01:37:43
condition and you will be right But only partly01:37:47
into the subconscious of every person from childhood01:37:50
society manager01:37:54
please allow time frames01:37:57
life cycle established social01:38:00
norms indicating that after 60 years01:38:02
citizens have a period of survival phrase01:38:05
sounds monstrous, but people are extremely01:38:09
inspired by such statements is inevitable01:38:11
are deposited in the far corners of the mind01:38:14
so that on occasion it may appear reproachfully01:38:16
Point at01:38:17
calendar ononism self-destruction01:38:24
knowing this, stay in as long as possible01:38:26
in the saddle, move, be active01:38:29
life to upgrade yourself intellectually01:38:32
conduct socially significant activities and01:38:34
other if you ignore these Tips with01:38:38
approaching retirement age01:38:40
settle into a rocking chair then you01:38:42
you risk instantly falling out of the clip01:38:44
acquire a bouquet of various ailments01:38:47
nut and successfully complete the program01:38:50
pheno stan01:38:54
in the biographies previously named01:38:55
centenarians Next They worked until01:38:58
Yun successfully treated the last days01:39:01
Muslimov grazed sheep with herbal teas01:39:05
Izumi taught the children how to do it01:39:08
Teaching experience was more than a century01:39:11
It is proven if a pensioner chooses01:39:13
passive lifestyle then aimless01:39:16
existence brings a person to the grave01:39:19
before any disease it turns out that01:39:21
the secret of honeycomb longevity is continuous01:39:24
development only in this case you01:39:26
break the imposed algorithm before the age of 1801:39:29
college up to 25 years old work up to 35 years old01:39:32
family and children under 60 grandchildren What next01:39:37
it turns out that on the road of life01:39:38
speed limits 80 90100 no01:39:42
if you choose not vegetative conscious01:39:45
existence then over time01:39:47
the mode is guaranteed to start01:39:49
regenerate the body and renew it to01:39:51
at the cellular level to prolong accordingly01:39:54
a person has years of full life therefore01:39:57
break the system, don't follow the lead01:40:00
matrix discards unnecessary standards01:40:03
don't ignore01:40:07
exciting earth upgrades01:40:10
what will happen through the drain valve01:40:14
he's your great-great-great great-great-great01:40:18
the great-grandson will ask the same question but sooner01:40:21
in all, he won't be like you, but he will be01:40:24
looks like the T-1000 from the movie Terminator 201:40:27
Judgment Day Dada you heard right he01:40:30
will look like metal Arnie01:40:33
whom we saw in the movie You Ask01:40:35
why is everything so simple he is able to survive01:40:39
after numerous great natural01:40:42
disasters, but what are the chances?01:40:45
human race on Cloudless01:40:47
the future and what specifically affects our01:40:50
fate Now you will find out everything about it01:40:53
According to the theory of Judgment's argumentation01:40:56
astrophysicist Brandon Carter's day01:40:59
exists for the next 10,000 years01:41:01
probability01:41:03
95% that humanity01:41:06
will disappear But if you are not a supporter of all kinds01:41:09
intricate theories you can be sure01:41:12
that after 7 million years the DNA molecule will simply01:41:15
will disintegrate, which means that even others01:41:18
civilizations, no matter how developed they are01:41:21
were unable to resurrect our01:41:23
biological equivalent is also not necessary01:41:26
forget about the likelihood of a collision with01:41:28
meteorite in the next 100 million years01:41:31
comparable to the meteor that caused01:41:34
extinction of dinosaurs A after 22 billion01:41:37
years our Universe According to the theory of01:41:40
big bang and will stop altogether01:41:43
exist But what if our descendants01:41:46
this danger could be avoided and01:41:48
adapt to new conditions according to01:41:51
at least they could find out what01:41:53
there was peace in the ten-twenties of XXI01:41:56
century with the help of surviving videos on01:41:59
YouTube to make it easier for you to understand01:42:01
How drain valves are they?01:42:03
big number I'll give a few01:42:05
Examples The drain of valve seconds is01:42:09
200 times more than the amount of time01:42:12
past the big bang01:42:14
today for the drain valves01:42:16
steps you could complete 1 part of the whole01:42:19
Milky Way galaxies you could01:42:22
empty all the oceans on our planet01:42:25
If you drink 100 quintillion01:42:27
glasses of water 5 s to quintillion01:42:30
a kilogram is the weight of the entire atmosphere of the Earth01:42:33
and 100 large barrels will be required for01:42:36
placement of bacteria valve stacks01:42:39
So what will our descendants see in the distant future?01:42:42
the future should start with what they are not01:42:45
they will not see in their reality for example01:42:48
will be what we consider the simplest01:42:50
the joys of life They will never be able to01:42:53
enjoy the view of Niagara Falls01:42:56
which, according to numerous estimates by scientists01:42:59
will stop flowing in 50,000 years01:43:02
never see a puppy playing01:43:05
grass because within the next 50001:43:08
million years sun brightness and temperature01:43:11
our planet will increase so much that01:43:13
animals and plants will not be able to live on it01:43:16
surface And after a while01:43:18
carbon dioxide concentration will fall01:43:21
below the critical threshold photosynthesis as01:43:24
the process in nature will stop completely01:43:27
inhabitants of the distant future will not be able to01:43:30
see a total solar eclipse01:43:32
how in 600 million years the Moon will no longer exist01:43:36
satellite of the Earth and will go into the open01:43:39
space if the Moon ceases to be ours01:43:42
the ebb and flow of the tides will disappear as a satellite01:43:45
this means that all sea water will disappear01:43:49
far, far from the city lights and here01:43:52
simply01:43:53
they will no longer have access to the seas01:43:55
there will be an opportunity to enjoy the shine01:43:58
Milky Way which is in 4 billion years01:44:01
will collide with the Andromeda galaxy and01:44:03
will merge in it into one superga which01:44:06
will bear the proud name of milk of honey01:44:09
True By that time, cities and in general01:44:12
all living things will probably disappear with01:44:14
earth because the surface temperature01:44:17
will reach the earth01:44:19
127° price and conditions will mean that we01:44:23
seen today on the planet Venus01:44:26
the remaining few organisms01:44:28
single-celled colonies in alpine01:44:30
lakes and underground caves will disappear by01:44:33
by the time the temperature reaches01:44:36
147° is the reason for such temperature01:44:40
disaster will be the shutdown of the earth's core01:44:43
whose rotation generates magnetic01:44:45
field accordingly if there is no rotation01:44:49
This means that there will be no01:44:51
natural sun protection01:44:53
the last connection that will remain between01:44:56
us and our distant relatives01:44:58
According to the BBC there will be laptops in which01:45:01
Titanium will not begin to rust even after a whole01:45:04
100,000 years at this time we will be able01:45:07
see completely different stars on01:45:09
horizon due to the movement of the Earth through01:45:11
all kinds of distant Galaxies and01:45:14
the earth will still stand like this01:45:16
monuments of humanity as great01:45:19
pyramids or Mount Shmar that will last01:45:21
more nice T if we don’t do them ourselves01:45:24
Let's destroy because humanity is capable01:45:27
do a lot of terrible things01:45:29
which bring with them catastrophic01:45:32
the consequences are all clear by then01:45:35
the minds of our species will also be deeply01:45:37
confront BBC experts infographic01:45:40
about the future which seemed so01:45:42
eventful that even curved01:45:46
the shape of the timeline barely allowed01:45:48
adapt to all key events01:45:51
expected future By the way, according to01:45:54
Carter of the same scientist we are talking about01:45:56
said at the beginning of the video on this chart01:45:59
there is no end of the world that was supposed to01:46:01
happen in 10,000 years but according to01:46:04
May calendar through01:46:06
5.125 years according to some men's estimates01:46:10
will no longer exist due to the disappearance of01:46:13
chromosomes, believe it or not, decide01:46:16
you and the future will no longer be01:46:18
optimistic in 10 million years When01:46:21
new over01:46:23
will wash the earth with gamma radiation that01:46:25
will lead to mass death01:46:28
the positive side of colonization of all01:46:30
Galaxies After 50 Mil years marked on01:46:34
same timeline, which means that01:46:37
maybe people will be able to survive and find01:46:39
Another way for procreation and01:46:41
different places of existence with a purpose01:46:44
they will be able to see the continuation of life01:46:47
even if it’s not on some kind of Earth01:46:49
interesting thing that we can't01:46:52
see because it won't happen on01:46:54
our planet because it exists01:46:56
Large time difference between them01:46:59
the world and ours, for example, unification01:47:02
continents into a supercontinent in 25001:47:06
million years what should happen in01:47:08
according to one of these three01:47:10
subsequent scenarios the new Pangea will be01:47:13
formulated as a result of the connection01:47:16
Australia with East Asia and displacement01:47:18
Antarctica to the north as a result of merger01:47:21
North and South America and their migration to01:47:24
Eurasia Or simply recreating Pangea01:47:27
proxima as a result of the unification of all01:47:29
existing continents at this time01:47:32
they will also be able to watch the moment01:47:35
turning the sun star red01:47:37
giant which will undoubtedly be interesting01:47:40
you can be sure of the spectacle here because01:47:43
hydrogen emissions that will begin after01:47:46
5.4 billion years in a few01:47:49
billions of years the sun will reach its01:47:51
the maximum radius is 256 times greater01:47:54
than now what will Mercury absorb Venus01:47:57
and perhaps the earth then it will turn into01:48:01
carbon-oxygen white dwarf and01:48:03
in the end there will only be about01:48:06
54% of his current mass is all this01:48:10
will end exactly like Black's01:48:12
dwarf who will dramatically reduce it01:48:14
temperature and brightness these changes01:48:17
hard to notice even for an ordinary person01:48:19
human eye but then all of us01:48:22
waiting01:48:23
with a capital K that's what it's called01:48:27
big bang when all matter is01:48:30
reduced to zero due to expansion01:48:32
universe and all distances will become01:48:36
infinity However, this is only one01:48:38
version of the Apocalypse which we do not01:48:41
you should be afraid says Lisa Rendell01:48:44
famous01:48:45
cosmolot because either people are just01:48:47
will disappear by then, or they will find01:48:50
other potential01:48:53
ty and perhaps the universe these theories can01:48:56
seem too wise for many but01:48:59
there are also scenarios that will seem01:49:02
possible to more people01:49:04
our planet for example How do you feel01:49:07
when you think about love, I'm sure it's01:49:10
the feeling is familiar to many you see love01:49:14
in words or pictures Experiments on01:49:17
they didn’t bring the drone collider01:49:19
humanity to a new01:49:21
physics is possible upon achieving more01:49:24
high levels of human knowledge in01:49:26
areas of energy but the key to the solution01:49:30
there may be dark matter composition here01:49:33
which is still unknown although she01:49:35
takes01:49:37
85% of all materials in the Universe are dark01:49:41
energy can potentially start01:49:43
the life of the universe anew after that01:49:46
big bang as she creates01:49:49
conditions are identical to those before01:49:51
formation01:49:53
and then after a period of rapid01:49:55
expansion of space, dark energy will01:49:58
turn into particles antiparticles and01:50:01
radiation that will lead to another01:50:03
big bang and everything will start again but01:50:07
another outcome is possible; the galaxies will begin01:50:10
merge after 100 million years they01:50:13
lose all the gas clouds needed01:50:16
for the formation of zzd as a result of all zzd01:50:19
only white and brown ones die01:50:22
dwarf neutrons and black holes01:50:25
remain in the Universe is also possible01:50:28
that there will be an explosion of the entire Galaxy01:50:31
which will be so powerful that all01:50:33
Stellar matter will dissipate in space01:50:36
leaving nothing interesting for01:50:38
black holes can also explode01:50:41
due to the mass loss that occurs01:50:44
when different ones turn01:50:45
Elementary cosmic particles in01:50:48
outer space known as01:50:51
Hawking radiation because mass and01:50:53
the size of a black hole reduces its speed01:50:56
evaporation and temperature rise01:50:59
the latter can reach the same01:51:01
high values like the sun and even with01:51:04
this black hole lives for more than01:51:06
150 quintillion years into this last01:51:10
second the life of black holes releases01:51:13
energy equivalent to an explosive bomb01:51:16
approximately 1 billion times more powerful than01:51:19
bomb dropped on Hiroshima01:51:22
theoretically after the last01:51:25
black hole dies truly eternal01:51:28
darkness will close over the Universe However01:51:31
This scenario may not happen even in01:51:33
in this case, black holes will be01:51:36
exist ultimately indefinitely01:51:39
in the period from 10 to 100 quintillion years01:51:43
all these Star remains will either01:51:45
ejected from galaxies due to accumulation01:51:47
sufficient energy or01:51:50
will turn into a supermassive black roo in01:51:53
center after that in the Universe01:51:55
Only a few dust will remain01:51:58
varieties of elementary particles and01:52:00
extremely low energy radiation01:52:03
and a very long wavelength Then through01:52:07
Stock valves on our planet01:52:09
According to researchers, he will die01:52:12
immersed in the sun due to the loss of it01:52:15
orbital energy if the Sun01:52:17
turned into a red giant01:52:20
will consume it even earlier. Summing up in01:52:23
next source of valves years earth a01:52:26
also the whole universe will experience a lot01:52:29
shocks including a possible end01:52:32
light but people still have a chance for01:52:37
life since humanity came out01:52:40
from childhood its representatives01:52:43
We began to wonder if we were alone in01:52:46
Universe or do they live somewhere?01:52:48
beings like us despite01:52:51
scientists are talking about how it’s time01:52:53
change Representation Vector About01:52:55
the world around us and stop trying01:52:58
bring all phenomena in the macrocosm to01:53:00
convenient denominator for us people01:53:02
still has a certain01:53:05
anthropocentrism for this reason01:53:08
Earth's telescopes are set to search01:53:10
exoplanets with conditions similar to01:53:12
earthly what was discovered during this time and01:53:16
Is there at least one planet?01:53:18
similar to ours Yes, several similar01:53:21
objects have already been found but in this video01:53:24
it won't be about them, it's about the worlds that01:53:26
represent absolute01:53:28
the opposite of earthly life during time01:53:31
search for exoplanets has accumulated material01:53:34
so much that I even had to01:53:36
create a specific classification where01:53:38
includes such strange objects as01:53:41
gel planets formed from remains01:53:44
white dwarfs by processing all the hydrogen01:53:47
into helium or loose celestial bodies01:53:49
whose density is several times less01:53:52
Saturn but gave general phrases it’s time01:53:55
move on to specifics So before you01:53:58
list of the most amazing worlds01:54:00
which were discovered by earthly01:54:03
telescope weightless giant wp 1b more01:54:09
you 17b refers to hot Jupiter and01:54:13
revolves around its star at 120001:54:17
the planet is light years away from us01:54:19
can be categorized as dreams bodies01:54:23
which was mentioned above, the diameter of you is 1701:54:26
bi twice as much01:54:32
Jupiterian01:54:37
benches we know Saturn so much01:54:41
so light that it can easily float in01:54:43
pool of water if there was a container01:54:47
such an incredible size but you are 17b01:54:50
its density is even more weightless01:54:53
makes up only 10% of water01:54:56
think about the density of the huge gas01:54:59
the ball is even smaller than that01:55:02
foam planet01:55:04
rockfalls are believed to be loose planets01:55:07
after billions of years they turn into01:55:10
chthonic This is a hypothetical type01:55:13
objects and the most likely candidate for01:55:15
this place is now cat 7b01:55:19
the celestial body is spinning almost01:55:21
hug01:55:22
star therefore the year on NM is not01:55:25
more than 20 days amazing Planet01:55:28
one side is slightly larger than the Earth01:55:32
covered in a monstrous lava ocean01:55:34
temperatures reaching01:55:37
2600 degrees Celsius this figure01:55:40
much higher than melting conditions01:55:43
famous minerals The atmosphere of hell01:55:46
the world consists of evaporated rock01:55:49
so on the dark side the code is 7b gu01:55:52
rock sediments fall out, scientists believe01:55:55
that the Planet was once as huge as01:55:58
Saturn Or Jupiter But over time01:56:01
lost weight to a stone01:56:03
nuclei flying star barnard's star one01:56:08
one of the most amazing ones discovered01:56:10
hitherto objects are often called01:56:13
Fugitive due to high speed with01:56:15
with which she moves across the heavens01:56:17
sphere but amaze everything that is so01:56:21
fast light accompany even the planets01:56:24
barnard's star bi object located in01:56:27
10 milna kimet from dynamic luminary01:56:31
year on gj01:56:33
699 bi What is another name for this01:56:36
the planet is 233 days old and its mass01:56:40
near TH terrestrial on Barnard Bi's star01:56:44
pretty cool around01:56:46
-17° price Although by Solnechnaya standards01:56:50
the system is sufficient01:56:52
shine Perhaps there is water on it but01:56:56
most likely ice layers in the sky01:56:58
the body never melts, that is, we have01:57:01
deal with dead frozen01:57:04
the world between earth and neptune just like that01:57:09
can be characterized by Kepler 10c01:57:11
planet located in the constellation Draco01:57:14
the object belongs to the mini Neptune face01:57:17
between earth-like01:57:23
VS it exists Kepler 10c has01:57:26
rocky core covered with a thick layer01:57:29
gases it was previously believed that on the planet01:57:32
there is a rocky surface but how01:57:34
further observations proved this is not01:57:37
so probably the celestial body looks like01:57:39
bluish lifeless misty ball with01:57:42
dense, almost impenetrable01:57:45
atmosphere planet01:57:48
ocean gz01:57:52
lead Ophiuchus approximately out of light01:57:54
years from us she is 2 times half01:57:57
exceeds the Earth's diameter and weighs as much as 6 s01:58:00
pono lands spectral analysis showed01:58:03
that its Atmosphere is full of water vapor A01:58:06
The Planet itself is 75% water and01:58:10
25% rocky but notable01:58:13
Gliese01:58:15
1214b not this The thing is that the liquid on01:58:19
celestial body can take on a state01:58:21
difficult for us to understand01:58:23
For example She transforms into super01:58:26
liquid water or hot ice01:58:29
exotic unearthly aggregate01:58:31
conditions cannot be reproduced in01:58:34
conditions of our home planet01:58:36
supercritical fluids arise only01:58:39
in an environment of borderline temperatures and01:58:41
pressure resulting in simultaneously01:58:44
acquire the properties of gas and liquid01:58:47
considering that Gliese01:58:49
1214b is classified as an ocean planet01:58:53
as one of the objects in the film01:58:55
Interstellar is scary to even imagine01:58:57
what is this global reservoir filled with?01:59:00
depth over 100 km while jj01:59:04
1214b second name Gliese sole01:59:08
similar Planet open01:59:11
astronomers second Venus Kepler 99i01:59:16
another super-Earth found in01:59:18
constellation Draco at a distance of 250001:59:22
light years away from us differently Her01:59:24
called koi01:59:27
351 is the largest planet twice the size01:59:31
Earth object is covered with dense atmospheric01:59:34
layer and the temperature underneath varies01:59:37
from + 710 to p01:59:40
435 it is doubtful that in this soul01:59:44
Something could have survived for the sponge, but01:59:47
there are many neighbors in the celestial body01:59:49
Planetary system of the star Kepler01:59:53
currently the most populous01:59:55
from01:59:56
discovered Diamond01:59:59
Planet Have you ever heard the expression02:00:03
sky in diamonds If so, then in the Universe02:00:06
there is a place where the phrase loses its meaning02:00:09
figuratively and symbolically turning into02:00:12
reality Planet 55 Cancer and all02:00:16
consists of carbon, which means its interior -02:00:19
This02:00:22
super-earth jansen may well perform02:00:25
a prototype of hell as the Bible depicts it02:00:29
tidal capture of a star does not allow02:00:31
the planet turns to two luminaries02:00:33
sides therefore one hemisphere 55 Cancer02:00:37
and always warmed up02:00:40
P2 400° slightly on the night side02:00:46
cooler than 100° but this fact is not02:00:51
makes Ian more hospitable Why on02:00:54
the dark hemisphere is so hot sooner02:00:57
total temperature preservation02:00:59
contributes to the most powerful Atmosphere And how02:01:03
The sky is in diamonds, it can be seen when02:01:06
eruption of numerous volcanoes02:01:08
reigning on02:01:10
planet this is not a complete list02:01:13
strange, frightening and amazing02:01:16
conditions of the worlds According to the classification02:01:19
exoplanets are also distinguished by super02:01:22
order large of our giant bright02:01:25
representative is Kepler 419 si02:01:28
located in the constellation water swans02:01:31
giants or desert planets like02:01:33
There are also such examples of Mars in the Lists02:01:36
as nuclear-free celestial bodies consisting02:01:39
from one titanic mantle must be02:01:42
these are absolutely amazing objects02:01:44
devoid of a magnetic field, unlike theirs02:01:47
antipodes of the iron planets consisting02:01:50
almost entirely from02:01:52
By the way, astronomers suspect that cat 7b02:01:55
and Kepler 10b refer specifically to02:01:59
remember the type mentioned as in childhood02:02:01
we often asked those around us naive02:02:04
questions such as What or who is faster02:02:07
the answers sounded pretty banal02:02:10
the plane rocket wind cheetah or Sprinter02:02:13
Usain Bolt But we had no idea then02:02:16
that after several dozen02:02:19
years Objects of growth will appear on the horizon02:02:22
which are impossible to clearly imagine02:02:25
because it only flies faster02:02:26
human thought and the Ray of light in November02:02:30
2019 shocked the scientific world02:02:33
extraordinary discovery star discovered02:02:36
the parameters of which are amazing and02:02:39
does not mean mass volume or02:02:41
age of the object Although they are also02:02:43
significant we will talk about its speed02:02:46
indicators Meet02:02:48
s5h S1 star sequence02:02:53
belonging to the spectral class She02:02:56
only twice as much as the sun but02:02:58
What surprises the luminary is not its size, its speed02:03:01
s5h S1 Simply incredible she rushes through02:03:05
towards the boundaries of the Milky Way02:03:07
wildest02:03:09
1755 km per second, which is almost 4 mils02:03:14
miles per hour what kind of strange object is this and02:03:18
who gave him such a weighty02:03:20
nok 5 hs1 star from the crane constellation02:03:25
at the moment she is on02:03:26
29,000 light years from earth02:03:30
and this is exactly a thousand light years02:03:32
more than the distance from Solar02:03:34
systems to the center of the Galaxy02:03:36
refers, as already mentioned, to02:03:38
spectral class A, which suggests02:03:40
certain physical parameters on02:03:43
star surface temperature02:03:45
varies from 7.500 to 10.000 kelvin02:03:49
its color is white and how02:03:52
and you see it consists mainly of02:03:55
Such objects lack hydrogen02:03:57
up to more than three masses and two radii02:04:00
suns in other words They don't exist02:04:02
too huge according to calculations02:04:05
Astronomers estimate the age of the star to be02:04:07
about 500 Mil years and considering that she02:04:10
is on the main sequence02:04:12
the lifetime of the object should reach no more than02:04:15
less than 10 billion years, that is, S5 S102:04:19
relatively young but epic02:04:22
transformation into a red giant and02:04:24
gradual fading of humanity02:04:26
hardly destined to see and not because02:04:29
our life is like a moment in comparison02:04:32
over time the universe is just a star02:04:34
very quickly escapes into the depths of space with02:04:37
every day more and more lost from sight02:04:40
Who discovered the strange object and how?02:04:43
the discovery was first described in a journal02:04:47
Mon02:04:49
astr S502:04:52
drew attention to Sergey Koposov from02:04:54
Carnegie Melana University when02:04:56
was engaged in spectroscopic02:05:00
the star was noticed through a four-meter eyepiece02:05:10
Anglo-Arabic Space Agency02:05:13
Guy's telescope also picked up the movement02:05:15
hyperspeed02:05:17
[music]02:05:22
that some object is flying too02:05:24
quickly it is more expedient to offer a standard02:05:27
for comparison it is logical if in his02:05:30
our parental02:05:32
the star already has information about her02:05:33
plenty So at what speed02:05:36
The sun flies around the center of the Milky Way02:05:39
The average is02:05:42
828,000 km HF and this is many times02:05:46
slower than moving s5h S1 speed02:05:50
according to Milne Kim HF extremely difficult02:05:54
realize But despite this the star02:05:57
lightning will not leave the borders of our galaxy02:06:00
earlier than 10 million years later similar02:06:03
objects discovered recently only a couple02:06:06
decades ago but not a single one has been found02:06:08
the stars didn't fly by so fast02:06:11
astronomers have calculated its trajectory02:06:14
It turned out that s5h vs1 is on the way02:06:18
already about 5 million years old, which could give it02:06:21
such monstrous inertia because it is not02:06:24
lost my ardor even for such02:06:26
a huge period of time for something like this02:06:29
the only object capable of02:06:31
Universe Mysterious and inexhaustible02:06:34
the black hole leads exactly to it02:06:36
trajectory from tracking by astronomers with02:06:39
high probability star s5h S102:06:43
a native of the binary system who had02:06:46
carelessness to get too close02:06:48
a huge Funnel called Sagittarius02:06:50
And with an asterisk02:06:52
It's worth introducing listeners to this02:06:54
closer look at the galactic monster Sagittarius A02:06:57
with an asterisk local resident black hole02:07:00
weighing 4 billion solar originated in02:07:03
center of the Milky Way supermassive02:07:06
the funnel emits in the radio range and02:07:09
also releases x-rays02:07:11
infrared rays this highly fertile02:07:21
the asterisk is about 9002:07:24
Let us recall one astronomical unit02:07:26
An astronomical unit is02:07:28
averaged from Earth to Sun 150 million02:07:33
km, that is, the black hole would not have enough02:07:36
places even in our solar system She02:07:39
would go far beyond its limits Now02:07:42
when you realize the scale of the monster02:07:44
it's easier to understand the fact that s5h vs102:07:48
flies at incredible speed02:07:50
long Now we get to the point02:07:53
question, scientists are almost sure that02:07:56
it was the black hole that gave a noticeable kick02:07:59
star Sprinter how it happened02:08:02
the script was something like this: a couple of stars02:08:05
carelessly approached the black02:08:07
Funnels as a result of which one became02:08:09
partner of Sagittarius and with an asterisk and02:08:12
will remain with them until death because the Monster02:08:14
inexorably eats her substance and the second02:08:18
thrown away with such force that she02:08:20
half last an immeasurably long time02:08:24
It is noteworthy that a similar phenomenon is still 3002:08:27
years ago astronomer Jack Hills predicted02:08:30
after which the mechanism was named02:08:32
demonstrating double destruction02:08:34
Star system with a massive black hole02:08:37
and only now scientists have seen02:08:40
process results What do you think?02:08:42
will happen with s5h vs1 then bobert douglas02:08:47
from Oxford University I am sure that02:08:49
star wanderer after the specified time02:08:52
will leave the Milky Way so that forever02:08:55
drift across the expanses of the Universe among02:08:57
intergalactic wasteland at last02:09:00
It is worth noting that astronomers have already02:09:02
observed similar speed indicators02:09:04
True, they were characteristic of the dead or02:09:07
neutron stars so far02:09:10
the record holder remained RX j08 22 hyphen02:09:15
432 accelerated to km per second02:09:19
Scientists discovered using X-ray02:09:22
Chandra Observatory and were very surprised02:09:25
RX j08 22 hyphen 43200 rushed not along02:09:30
towards the black hole Sagittarius A co02:09:33
an asterisk with a colossal02:09:35
gravity and vice versa from it with02:09:38
speed of 5 million km HF approaching02:09:41
the boundaries of the Milky Way mean nothing to you02:09:44
Reminds me of this scenario Although there is a difference02:09:47
After all, there are astronomers who believe that02:09:49
rapid sweat02:09:54
provoked not by a hole but by an explosion02:09:57
supernova occurred about 3700 years ago02:10:01
back project S5 thanks to which02:10:04
found S5 hs1 works to this day and02:10:09
called upon to comprehensively study the Stellar02:10:11
streams but no one has such a result02:10:14
expected he inspired astronomers to02:10:16
continuation of developments in this02:10:18
there is nothing in the direction02:10:21
at02:10:22
Universe Mars is such a distant Planet02:10:26
which has long been tempting people02:10:29
populate it and it’s not surprising, after all02:10:32
with all its shortcomings, this is probably02:10:35
the only place outside the earth that02:10:38
can submit to our pioneers02:10:40
already in the near future. What are the difficulties?02:10:43
waiting for people who decide to abandon earthly02:10:46
life and begin the exploration of the red planet02:10:51
like all people on earth they will need02:10:54
ordinary components of our daily02:10:57
life food water shelter and individual02:11:02
protection, in other words, clothing And since02:11:06
The atmosphere of Mars is 95% composed of02:11:09
carbon dioxide and 4% from nitrogen with02:11:12
argon then oxygen won’t hurt them either02:11:15
let's start with the substance where ours originated02:11:18
life water on Mars No water yes And how are you02:11:23
you can guess to deliver it there02:11:25
It’s also not very convenient, we hasten to inform you02:11:28
that the lack of water on this planet is a myth02:11:31
which was destroyed on July 30, 200802:11:34
Phoenix TAV apparatus water in one of02:11:36
samples of Martian soil and how02:11:39
phoenix our pioneers will02:11:42
find her in the depths of this Truly Harsh02:11:45
Planet Mars rover discovered minerals02:11:49
which cannot be formed02:11:52
water on Mars exists in the form of ice on02:11:54
polar caps and also in02:12:01
cryosphere polar caps exist02:12:04
relict lakes a long time ago02:12:07
we couldn’t imagine this And now02:12:09
we have photos of real fog02:12:12
from water vapor on Mars By the way this is e02:12:15
Una already has one source of water02:12:19
development of unique drainage systems02:12:21
water is released from the air So in02:12:24
theories of our suffering from thirst02:12:26
the colonists won't have to. What about food?02:12:30
Although before cattle breeding in the Martian02:12:33
conditions we are still far away However02:12:35
grow potatoes and other vegetables We are in02:12:38
greenhouses will help us with this02:12:41
the same as greenhouses, but not made of wood and film, but made of02:12:44
airgel is already being used02:12:47
inputs so that important components are transferred02:12:51
Martian night its thermal insulation02:12:54
properties up to 7 s are times higher than those of02:12:56
polystyrene foam and at the same time it is practically02:12:59
transparent and weighs less02:13:02
this material is only a couple thick02:13:04
centimeters warms the earth so much02:13:07
imitation of Martian soil that02:13:09
capable of supporting plant life02:13:11
without additional heating Yes and02:13:14
material for creating airgel is very02:13:16
This sand is widespread02:13:19
There's plenty of Mars02:13:21
until we build greenhouses02:13:23
on Mars we will have to be content02:13:25
earthly food However, without oxygen all02:13:29
the idea of colonization makes no sense02:13:31
How can we survive without oxygen in the atmosphere?02:13:34
at least a few years and then we'll be back02:13:38
to the beginning of the video and remember what's in02:13:40
the planet's atmosphere already contains 95%02:13:43
carbon dioxide, as we know02:13:46
includes oxygen therefore Scientists02:13:48
from mit they came up with and even made02:13:51
installation that will transform02:13:53
carbon dioxide into oxygen is a miracle02:13:56
technique called Moxie transformation02:13:58
will take place in two stages on the First02:14:01
carbon dioxide accumulates and compresses02:14:04
on the second using electrolysis02:14:06
it is converted into carbon monoxide02:14:08
gas atomic oxygen which and02:14:11
ultimately forms a molecular02:14:14
oxygen where will we live with Milm of course02:14:17
Heaven is in the hut, but this question does not arise02:14:20
only girls to their boyfriend but also02:14:22
future inhabitants of the planet to scientific minds and02:14:25
here it is worth turning to history again02:14:28
which is often repeated more specifically to02:14:31
stories of our ancestors they lived in caves02:14:35
in places where there were already walls and a roof02:14:37
first of Martian Most likely too02:14:40
will have to live in man-made caves and02:14:42
tunnels just under the surface of Mars02:14:45
you can escape from the Severe for the first time02:14:47
climate of this planet and also from02:14:49
scary02:14:52
after the caves our ancestors began to build02:14:54
home so Why don't we too after that02:14:57
How will we master a little on Mars?02:15:00
build houses It turned out that the soil on02:15:03
Mars Generally suitable for02:15:05
creation of building materials and NASA02:15:08
I figured that out too, they're going to02:15:10
add polymer plastic to bricks02:15:13
stick them in the microwave and02:15:15
then we can build a building with02:15:17
real thick walls02:15:21
we can do it for ourselves with02:15:22
personal protection matters02:15:25
it is more difficult to create in Mars conditions02:15:28
protective suit is almost impossible02:15:31
Therefore, you will have to take care of this02:15:33
our home planet we will have to02:15:36
develop special clothing that02:15:38
will block radiation and warm02:15:41
human but that's not all on earth above02:15:44
we have many kilometers of layer02:15:47
atmosphere that constantly creates02:15:49
the pressure on our bodies we constantly give him02:15:52
resist on Mars the same atmospheric02:15:54
there is practically no pressure so02:15:57
Bones will undergo inevitable change02:16:00
and muscles of astronauts in space density02:16:03
bones decrease at a rate of 1% a02:16:07
muscle mass at a rate of 3% per month02:16:10
for comparison on earth among elderly people in02:16:13
In the process of aging, this is lost per year02:16:16
same amount of bone and muscle strength02:16:18
such a loss may be a big problem02:16:22
in space, of course, in zero gravity conditions02:16:25
people will be able to perform feats02:16:27
superhuman02:16:51
BC is equal even with such quantity02:16:53
exercises Physical fitness of astronauts02:16:55
decreases by02:16:57
25% in just 6 months so Quite02:17:00
it is likely that crews will arrive on Mars in02:17:03
in a rather weak and fragile state02:17:06
the worry is that if02:17:08
they won't be able to do anything about it02:17:10
return of former strength and strength to02:17:12
bones being on the surface of Mars then02:17:15
They won't be able to return home anymore02:17:18
stop and ways to maintain health02:17:21
astronauts during long term02:17:23
space research including flight02:17:26
For example, they are in full swing on Mac02:17:29
attempts to create a device02:17:30
recreating earth's gravity with one more02:17:33
the next step will be interesting02:17:35
development of so-called02:17:37
exoskeletons are the result of all the work02:17:40
humanity's exploration of Mars will be02:17:42
terraforming of the planet, that is, complete02:17:45
Transformation of its surface and atmosphere02:17:48
it may take us more than one century02:17:51
or maybe not 1 year is a gigantic period for02:17:55
individual person isn't it but What02:17:57
these centuries mean if the goal is so02:18:00
global and02:18:08
majestic in place and what was yesterday02:18:11
seemed unattainable to us today02:18:13
is an integral part of our02:18:16
everyday life see02:18:21
video Don't forget to like and02:18:23
no matter what, don't forget to dream, remember02:18:27
that dreams ultimately shape02:18:29
our02:18:34
[music]02:18:44
reality But the textures02:18:46
with which River studied the Mansk bottom02:18:51
two scales02:18:56
ripples This photo shows a dark02:18:59
hill called Irin hill which02:19:01
rises approximately 16 feet above02:19:04
layered exposed red materials02:19:06
colors covering the mountain slopes02:19:10
[music]02:19:12
the ball in front of you is the map on which it is marked02:19:15
route taken by the Cryo rover from02:19:18
locations where he landed in August02:19:21
years to its location in July 201702:19:24
since02:19:26
1750 as well as the planned route to02:19:29
additional geological layers of the mountain02:19:31
ball you think there are no dunes on Mars02:19:35
similar to earthly ones and you are very mistaken02:19:37
admire Nan Bridges Dune at02:19:41
Martian mountain she was one of02:19:43
company's research stops02:19:46
research into active Martian planets02:19:49
Dune 966 20117 helped lead this02:19:54
mission exist on the Red Planet and02:19:57
their unique Whirlwinds field devils02:20:00
dancing in sequence of images02:20:03
filmed February 12, 201702:20:10
year old field devil passes by02:20:13
Martian Sand Dunes02:20:23
admire the devil's Martian dust02:20:26
Gale Sol Crater02:20:32
1597 The planet most familiar to us02:20:36
celestial body What do you think if with02:20:39
a cataclysm will occur on earth02:20:41
move human civilization02:20:43
of course on a planet similar to ours but02:20:46
a new home has yet to be found02:20:48
This process is very labor intensive02:20:51
thanks to visual observations and02:20:53
meticulous research knows that02:20:55
Earth-like planets exist, but they02:20:58
not as much as I would like, moreover02:21:01
the fact that the body is similar to the earth is not yet02:21:04
guarantees suitable conditions for02:21:07
development of organic life02:21:09
an illustrative example in this sense02:21:11
Mars speaks Unfortunately for now02:21:14
astronomers are finding more planets02:21:16
suitable for moving on them02:21:18
sinners and backward circles there02:21:20
punishments will become more sophisticated by the way02:21:24
How do scientists search for us?02:21:26
ideal location Although earthly technology02:21:29
somewhat far from perfect02:21:31
there are plenty of search methods available02:21:34
stone or gas spheres swirl02:21:37
near the stars are several orders of magnitude brighter02:21:39
than the light reflected from the planets therefore02:21:43
detect an almost invisible point near02:21:45
stars are still a test, but astronomers02:21:48
found relatively accurate methods02:21:51
Let's list them briefly Doppler method This02:21:55
method of finding exoplanets uses02:21:57
spectrometric02:21:59
the speed of the star as the body circling02:22:02
near the luminary affects the indicated02:22:04
the parameter can be determined in this way02:22:07
its presence in orbit really works02:22:10
Pioneer method only in relation to02:22:12
massive planets and nearby stars02:22:14
systems transit method here sun02:22:18
extremely simple even an insignificant Planet02:22:21
passing along the disk of the light a little02:22:23
overshadows his method's shortcoming in that02:22:26
that not every celestial body passes through02:22:29
to the stellar disk so that it is02:22:31
visible from the ground, the method operates in02:22:33
cases with orbits quite large02:22:35
planets that are on the same line with02:22:38
parent star and earth02:22:40
observer periodic method02:22:43
pulsars are accurate02:22:46
infallible chronometers therefore by02:22:48
changes in their glow are not determined02:22:50
only being near a celestial star02:22:53
bodies 10 times smaller than the earth but also02:22:55
fixes mutual gravitational02:22:57
indignation of the luminary and the participant in the system02:23:01
The method also has disadvantages, firstly02:23:04
Pulsars are extremely rarely discovered02:23:06
secondly, life next to them is unlikely02:23:08
may arise from a deadly02:23:11
radiation besides those mentioned exists02:23:14
There are a number of other methods that are popular02:23:16
gravitational microlensing and02:23:19
banal visual observation but Private02:23:22
a review of methods is half the battle, the question is which ones02:23:25
exoplanets have already been found using them02:23:29
We present to your attention the five02:23:31
worlds that were found on02:23:33
At this moment we will focus on02:23:35
the closest of them is the main thing potentially02:23:38
habitable exoplanets will be discovered02:23:41
the universe of a completely different side02:23:43
as pitch black and deadly as02:23:46
enough02:23:48
densely populated environment grew02:23:52
128b Planet open Doppler02:23:55
method is within eleven light02:23:57
years from the sun she is considered the most02:23:59
suitable for living of all02:24:01
celestial bodies recorded so far02:24:04
time parent star nearby02:24:06
which rotates height 128 bi is enough02:24:09
calm and not full of intense02:24:12
the red dwarf has much smaller emissions02:24:15
and dimmer than the sun but the Planet is located towards02:24:17
the star is very close, which allows her02:24:20
get enough light and02:24:22
The heat of the year here is only 10 days02:24:26
means if we ever get here02:24:28
Moved then it'll be Christmas02:24:30
celebrate once a decade according to size02:24:32
height 128 bi approximately similar to the ground but02:24:36
Its mass is almost one and a half times greater02:24:38
our planet climate on a celestial body02:24:41
quite favorable and temperature02:24:43
amplitude varies from -60 to + 21°02:24:48
potse is not a planet universal resort02:24:51
Courchevel Proxima Bi is the closest02:24:55
known exoplanet located in the zone02:24:58
habitability she spins in02:25:00
4.2 light years or 4 trillion02:25:04
Kim from earth parent star02:25:06
Proxima B is classified as red02:25:09
dwarfs about the existence of an exoplanet02:25:12
astronomers found out in 201 by sorting out02:25:15
archived traffic data02:25:18
Proxima Centauri star belongs to02:25:20
triple system of luminaries Alpha Centauri02:25:23
compared to the sun it is very small and02:25:25
is only 0 of its mass In addition02:25:29
the light is quite dim so the earth02:25:32
you can't see it without a telescope proxima bi02:25:35
is in02:25:37
7.3 million kilometers from the star therefore02:25:40
its year is short, just over 11 days02:25:44
according to climate algorithms on02:25:46
liquid water may exist on the planet02:25:49
poles02:25:51
But if Prosi does not have a magnetic field then02:25:55
the star showers the planet with a monstrous02:25:57
insolation is therefore unknown in which02:25:59
forms life can exist there02:26:02
Most likely there is one on Proxima02:26:04
Atmosphere A size Planet02:26:06
almost identical to the earth At the same time02:26:09
it is worth mentioning the unpleasant surprise from02:26:11
blazing Proxima Centauri red02:26:14
the dwarf throws out a huge amount02:26:16
the last flash of energy02:26:21
which can blow away atmospheric layers02:26:23
and sterilize the surface of the object02:26:26
Gliese02:26:28
667 CC exoplanet is located almost02:26:32
DT light years from the sun and spinning02:26:35
near a red dwarf in a triple system02:26:37
Gliese02:26:39
The year 667 is about a month on it02:26:42
Gliese02:26:44
667 Heavyweight e mass at 3802:26:51
astronomers suggest that the equilibrium02:26:53
the temperature of the celestial body is slightly lower than02:26:55
The Earth is approximately -27 degrees Celsius02:26:59
near our planet02:27:01
-24 if Hz 667 CC has Atmosphere then02:27:06
considering that the object receives 90% of the energy02:27:10
equivalent to solar then02:27:12
the surface of the planet is quite warm around02:27:16
27° so there is a basis02:27:20
assert that there may exist on it02:27:22
at least primitive life forms True02:27:25
there is a nuance Gliese 667 CC is in02:27:29
tidally locked and always facing02:27:31
star one side HD02:27:36
8551 bi The planet is further away02:27:39
the rest are 36 light years away02:27:43
from the earth in a constellation called the sail02:27:46
it was discovered by the Doppler method02:27:48
became the smallest02:27:50
way HD 855 122b it weighs massively02:27:56
like 3 from the land it is known that02:27:58
equilibrium temperature of the planet02:28:00
is 25 degrees Celsius if available02:28:04
atmosphere This means that on its02:28:06
surface hot about 8002:28:09
degrees a person here would have to02:28:11
sweet In addition, gravity is on02:28:14
planet 1 times larger than Earth probably02:28:18
on02:28:19
H 512b there are oceans and seas Planet02:28:23
spinning in02:28:25
0.26 astronomical units from its02:28:28
a star shining eight times fainter02:28:31
sun gj02:28:33
273 B second name of object lenb According to02:28:39
index terrestrial02:28:41
almost an exact copy of the earth02:28:43
coefficient esi is02:28:47
0.91 but according to some parameters J 273 B02:28:52
doesn't look like our planet, it weighs like02:28:55
three earth object spinning in the zone02:28:57
habitability of its star at a distance02:29:00
Super-Earth 12.2 light years away02:29:04
lon B receives 8% more heat than02:29:07
our planet is considered to be on its02:29:10
surface temperature is approximately02:29:13
19° year on gj 273 lasts 18 Zina days02:29:18
It’s encouraging that you are a child of the planet’s light02:29:21
does not suffer from active emissions of substances02:29:24
therefore refers to quiet stars02:29:26
Therefore, one can hope that Lane02:29:29
bi could form viable02:29:31
conditions, scientists believed in it so much02:29:34
that as part of the program to search for extraterrestrial02:29:36
civilizations were sent to the planet02:29:38
musical message using thirty02:29:41
two-meter antenna installed in02:29:43
in the Norwegian town of RMS it will reach02:29:47
273 in02:29:50
this is the Minor Talika of exoplanets02:29:53
found in recent decades but with02:29:55
entry into orbit of a high-tech02:29:58
james webb telescope list promises02:30:00
the event should expand significantly02:30:03
happen in 2021 if not02:30:06
disrupted by a rapidly growing pandemic02:30:08
covid-1902:30:11
telescopes the all-seeing eyes of humanity02:30:14
if it weren't for them many would still be here02:30:17
are sure that the Earth is the center of the universe and02:30:20
stays in emptiness exclusively02:30:22
thanks to the efforts of a huge turtle and02:30:25
hardworking elephants But besides Awareness02:30:28
that our planet is the same celestial body02:30:31
like the rest thanks to orbital02:30:33
observatory descended on people02:30:35
Revelations we occupy extremely02:30:37
minor place in02:30:40
multi-billion dollar02:30:41
Moreover, the Earth may not be02:30:44
the only object on which already02:30:46
warming up or about to02:30:50
Kepler mission launched in 200902:30:53
revolutionized our minds and02:30:56
representations Space Observatory02:30:58
NASA has become the best to date02:31:01
exoplanet identifier mission goal02:31:04
study of the structure of planetary02:31:06
systems located next to the parent02:31:09
Kepler paid special attention to stars02:31:11
celestial bodies located in the zone02:31:13
goldilocks, that is, the inhabited sector02:31:17
stars someone cutting what to invest02:31:20
millions to the New Orbital Station02:31:23
If there is a watchful Eye of our namesake02:31:26
Hubble telescope channel main difference02:31:29
devices is that mobile is easy02:31:31
controlled Hubble launched at low02:31:34
Earth Orbit capable02:31:36
turn in any direction and02:31:37
survey the earth's surroundings while02:31:40
Kepler orbits the Sun and aims02:31:43
deep into the Milky Way, that is, literally02:31:46
looks at the root of the main location02:31:49
observation of the latter is in02:31:51
within the constellations Cygnus Lyra and Draco02:31:54
it was their observatory at one time02:31:57
reviewed in detail Unfortunately 3002:32:00
October 2018 official02:32:03
NASA spokesman Paul Hertz announced02:32:05
completion of the space mission02:32:07
Kepler observatory but data analysis02:32:10
continues to this day during work02:32:12
Kepler discovered about 4,70002:32:15
1,000 contenders for the title of exoplanets02:32:18
of which completely02:32:20
confirmed today I will tell you about the most02:32:23
unusual finds of the legendary02:32:25
observatory and try to imagine02:32:28
what life could be like on these planets02:32:31
Kepler02:32:34
438b exoplanet discovered by Kepler02:32:37
constellation Lyra 470 light years away02:32:40
us she has the highest02:32:43
coefficient of similarity to the earth but scientists02:32:46
still believe that life is as usual to us02:32:48
forms here02:32:50
unlikely what dictated this02:32:52
pessimism by the behavior of the parent star02:32:56
Kepler 438 red dwarf in several02:32:59
times smaller than the sun, the planets are located in02:33:01
the habitable zone of its star but02:33:04
this is probably her misfortune02:33:07
The fact is that approximately once in 10002:33:09
days the celestial body receives a fair amount02:33:11
share of radiation after all Kepler02:33:14
438 rather hysterical star her02:33:17
energy super bursts 10 times02:33:20
exceed solar activity and02:33:22
comparable to an explosion of 100 billion tons in02:33:25
TNT equivalent Therefore, if02:33:28
life on a distant planet exists02:33:30
it must be incredibly resistant to02:33:32
impressive background radiation otherwise02:33:35
strange it would be a social gathering02:33:38
mutants entirely with leukemia02:33:40
however, if the Planet has a powerful02:33:43
magnetic field, then it could partially02:33:45
reflect radiation02:33:48
attacks 10 bi This is the world of Lava and fire on02:33:53
the planet is much hotter than in02:33:55
King's Landing at treacherous hours02:33:57
dragon attacks daenerys storm02:34:00
born small iron exoplanet02:34:02
is located 560 light years from us02:34:06
the temperature of this hellish Abode is not02:34:08
gives hope for the alien's survival02:34:10
earthling stands here day and night02:34:13
incredible heat reaching half02:34:16
degrees as a result of this astronomers02:34:20
suggest that Kepler 10b is covered02:34:22
oceans of molten iron and acceleration02:34:25
free fall on it is twice as high as02:34:28
on the ground Hence even landing02:34:30
mission impossible on this planet because02:34:33
overload experienced by astronauts02:34:36
unlikely to be compatible with Kepler life02:34:39
10b circling in the old lady's habitable zone02:34:42
12 billion-year-old yellow dwarf stars02:34:45
years but the object receives heat by approximately02:34:48
40% more than us so average02:34:51
The temperature on the planet is about02:34:54
60° Kepler02:34:57
1649c This planet is at 30002:35:00
light years from earth and almost equal to it02:35:03
according to size it is considered that if available02:35:05
atmosphere temperature Kepler 1649c02:35:08
she is familiar to us from her star02:35:11
receives approximately 75% of the energy that02:35:14
the sun gives the earth but there is one problem02:35:17
Kepler 1649 is one of the unpredictable02:35:21
overly active red dwarfs02:35:24
accordingly the planet will have to02:35:25
satisfy a lot of additional02:35:27
conditions for on its surface02:35:30
at least microscopic life arose02:35:32
Kepler02:35:34
16b is suitable for this planet02:35:37
the comparison is not with the epic Game of Thrones A02:35:40
with the exciting Star Wars sago02:35:42
It is quite acceptable to equate Kepler 16b with02:35:45
Tatum because she is also nearby02:35:48
Star pair bound by gravity02:35:50
The planet is a gas giant02:35:53
estimated to be the size of Saturn02:35:55
half of it consists of astrophysicists02:35:58
gas with significant addition02:35:59
rocks, the uniqueness of the object02:36:02
and the fact that he is spinning too close to02:36:04
to their stars it was previously believed that02:36:07
such a planetoid formation distance02:36:09
impossible In principle a year on Kepler 16b02:36:12
is 229 days and the temperature02:36:16
strikingly different from the desert02:36:18
Tatooine and varies from mi 60 to -1°02:36:23
If life existed here then02:36:26
methane-fueled air could be breathed02:36:28
either droids or the embodiment of the universal02:36:31
evil Darth Vader but not humanoid02:36:35
creation of Kepler02:36:38
452b object is often called Earth 202:36:42
The planet is located in the constellation Cygnus on02:36:45
142 light years away from us02:36:49
I doubted the reality that02:36:52
interfered with artists and screenwriters02:36:54
fantasize about her appearance02:36:57
and conditions Kepler 452 Rocky02:37:01
super-Earth orbiting a star02:37:03
similar to our Sun where else02:37:07
originated the year on it is almost identical02:37:10
terrestrial 385 days most likely Planet02:37:15
will cease to exist after 3 million years02:37:19
during this period its parent star02:37:23
[music]02:37:32
exhaustibility of gravity presumably02:37:35
twice as much as earthly Therefore, if life02:37:37
its inhabitants are unlikely to be found here02:37:40
will be too large Kepler02:37:43
444 completes the overview star02:37:46
around which five gathered in a round dance02:37:48
the most compact planets found02:37:51
Kepler mission system Kepler 444 from bi02:37:56
to F represents objects02:37:58
slightly larger than Mercury, but not02:38:02
reach the planetary system02:38:05
located in the constellation Lyra at 11602:38:08
light years from earth orange carly02:38:11
Kepler02:38:12
444 is very ancient, about 11 billion years old02:38:17
Considering the mentioned facts, it’s a mystery how02:38:20
magically at the dawn of emergence02:38:23
Universe when stones and metals were in02:38:25
a large deficit could arise02:38:27
planet year on an object close to the star02:38:30
is no more than 10 days therefore02:38:33
probably reigns on its surface02:38:35
unprecedented heat What creatures are capable02:38:38
survive on boiling planets riddle02:38:41
withstand the temperatures there and02:38:43
accompanying conditions are unlikely to be possible02:38:45
even an avid one myself02:38:48
extreme A small part of what was possible02:38:51
find the Kepler orbital stations but02:38:54
what was found is quite enough to02:38:56
realize the macro oblique is limitless and02:38:59
multifaceted One can only guess02:39:02
Why, contrary to the paradox, the farm is with us up to02:39:04
no one has contacted us yet Try02:39:07
remember the most popular story02:39:09
science fiction film Maybe it's02:39:12
there will be a meeting with extraterrestrial intelligence or02:39:14
war with thinking machines yes But even02:39:18
through these beaten we are a red thread02:39:20
the idea of fast Or maybe02:39:22
even the instantaneous movement of a person in02:39:25
outer space achievement02:39:28
the speed of light seems almost impossible02:39:30
task but are there any other ways02:39:33
accelerated movement through the Universe02:39:36
cartographers since time immemorial02:39:38
came to the conclusion that every point on02:39:41
planet can be defined by just two02:39:43
numbers everywhere except North and South02:39:46
poles can be drawn lines02:39:49
for a long time we call it coordinate02:39:53
singularity singularity in its02:39:55
queue is the point at which an object is not02:39:58
defined or has irregular02:40:00
behavior should be noted that similar02:40:03
display of space known to us02:40:05
requires only two dimensions02:40:08
latitude and longitude in the case of a map02:40:11
The universe will need four02:40:13
instead of two measurements, add to already02:40:16
sounded height and time taking into account immediately02:40:20
a huge number of variables scientists in02:40:23
In 1960 they created the so-called02:40:26
Kruskal Sekerin diagram02:40:29
intended for visual purposes02:40:31
representation of space properties02:40:33
time near a black hole is key02:40:36
moment in understanding the complexity02:40:38
movements towards a black hole are02:40:40
properties of the event horizon within02:40:43
which even a hypothetical object02:40:46
developing the speed of light will not be able02:40:48
leave02:40:50
and will be pulled inside the hole, it's huge02:40:53
problem for theoretical science02:40:56
talk about the practical application of these02:40:59
knowledge but let's say that we could02:41:02
break the light barrier with us02:41:04
There is an opportunity to get to02:41:06
the nearest black hole and go around everything02:41:09
space-time anomalies02:41:11
occurring within the event horizon02:41:14
what awaits us next is it possible02:41:16
it will sound strange night hole02:41:19
can serve as a kind of tunnel02:41:22
leading into unknown distances to02:41:24
come closer to understanding this phenomenon02:41:26
Let's remember what we actually know about02:41:29
phenomenon called a black hole02:41:32
theoretical possibility of existence02:41:34
such areas of space were allowed02:41:37
back at the beginning of the 20th century But more specific02:41:40
evidence appeared Of course02:41:42
much later Surprisingly, but the first02:41:45
practical proof02:41:47
Noah's existence was obtained completely02:41:50
recently April 10, 2019 when02:41:54
managed to get the first in history02:41:56
photograph of a supermassive black hole in02:41:59
center of the galaxy monsieur 87 in 54 million02:42:03
light years from earth in order to02:42:06
find out if you can travel02:42:08
through a black hole you need to know a little02:42:10
about its structure and about those processes that are in02:42:13
it's happening at the moment we02:42:16
we can say that we know what is there02:42:18
outside02:42:19
But we have no idea what02:42:21
inside and even if we can02:42:24
send a research umbrella to the hole02:42:26
then he is unlikely to survive this journey02:42:29
and what’s more, he won’t even have time to send02:42:32
signal to us when we are within02:42:34
reach of a black hole because02:42:37
a black hole is a compressed region of matter02:42:39
so much so that the most powerful is created02:42:42
gravitational field It is so02:42:44
strong that it is impossible to avoid this capture02:42:47
maybe even light the limits of this field02:42:50
it is customary to call the event horizon if02:42:53
Any object Even for example a person02:42:55
will try to pass through the Event Horizon02:42:58
an unenviable fate awaits him02:43:01
particles inside it are attracted to02:43:04
the center of the black hole does not exist for them02:43:07
there will be a way to break back the object02:43:10
not completely pulled into it like a lump02:43:12
wool in the vacuum cleaner object instead02:43:15
will begin to break into pieces as02:43:18
approaching02:43:20
It’s scary to imagine, but the man will stretch02:43:23
like spaghetti and then it just breaks02:43:25
into pieces which will then be attracted to02:43:27
itself a black hole authors02:43:30
science fiction novels and films02:43:32
look at it more optimistically02:43:35
you've probably heard the version according to02:43:37
in which a black hole is a hole in02:43:40
space and time a Perhaps even02:43:42
portal leading to Another dimension02:43:45
Surprisingly, it turns out that it can02:43:48
be a fantasy black holes can be02:43:51
suitable for travel you only need02:43:54
find the right one We remember that a black hole is02:43:58
this is a region of space with very compressed02:44:00
matter means in the center of such02:44:03
space there is a point of density02:44:06
tending to infinity02:44:08
in astrophysics it is usually called02:44:10
singularity for ten years02:44:13
scientists believed that singularities02:44:15
everything inside each black hole is identical02:44:18
what passes through the Event Horizon02:44:21
will be stretched by crazy gravity02:44:23
torn apart and eventually destroyed02:44:27
However, in the early nineties several02:44:30
research teams in Canada and the USA02:44:32
discovered another type of singular02:44:35
dubbed the singularity02:44:37
inflationary matter at the event horizon02:44:41
such a hole will still be strong02:44:43
gravitational capture but it will last02:44:45
only a moment and most likely won’t have time02:44:49
destroy you just think about it02:44:51
you can travel through02:44:54
not through any black hole Of course02:44:57
through that possessing this particular02:45:00
kind of singularity naturally for now02:45:03
we cannot verify this in practice02:45:05
theory humanity has no technology02:45:08
capable of even delivering a person to02:45:10
the nearest black hole And it should be noted02:45:13
that the nearest suitable hole for this02:45:15
exactly the one that is in the center of our02:45:18
The Milky Way galaxy is at 2700002:45:21
light years from earth just recently02:45:24
scientists from the University of Massachusetts02:45:26
Dartmouth and Georgia Gwyneth College02:45:29
Lawrence Wiley conducted a computer02:45:31
simulation of this process According to them02:45:34
conclusions passing through this special02:45:36
Event Horizon You will feel strong02:45:39
temperature rise but it will last02:45:41
it won't be long before you even have time somehow02:45:44
react to it Imagine that you02:45:47
very quickly ask for a finger on the lit one02:45:49
with a candle you are absolutely nothing02:45:51
you will feel if you don't delay your02:45:53
finger under fire This also applies02:45:55
passing through the singularity is necessary02:45:58
just choose the right moment02:46:00
accelerate to a certain speed02:46:02
Well you were able to get through the black02:46:05
hole But what will be waiting for you on the other02:46:08
George's College Professor02:46:11
Gwyneth Doctor Liar Burka believes that02:46:13
passing through a black hole you have02:46:16
chance to end up on some remote part of the tee02:46:20
probably at a great distance from the point02:46:22
contact with a hole There are, of course, others02:46:25
one of the most popular versions has arrived02:46:28
seems straight out of science fiction02:46:30
films According to her through a black hole02:46:33
you can get into a completely different02:46:35
The galaxy is definitely all theories02:46:39
scientists need to do more02:46:41
research in the future Who knows02:46:44
perhaps a private hole will become for02:46:46
humanity is something like a transit02:46:49
just imagine what for people from02:46:51
distant future path from the home planet02:46:54
to another galaxy it will be the same02:46:56
ordinary as for us Travel from02:46:58
one city to another02:47:01
[music]02:47:19
[music]02:47:29
[music]02:48:02
[music]02:48:21
[music]02:48:26
spacex plans to ship in 202402:48:30
the first people at six months02:48:32
A journey to Mars is a journey02:48:34
will be just the beginning of implementation02:48:36
Elon Mask's global plan02:48:38
turning humanity into02:48:41
multiplast of your bold goals spacex02:48:44
need to establish the first base on Mars and02:48:46
after some time the first Mar city but02:48:49
how the first colonists managed to found02:48:52
base on Mars what rules do they need02:48:55
will adhere to what is necessary02:48:57
will do to build02:48:58
self-sufficient city on Mars when02:49:02
the first Volunteers will arrive on Mars02:49:04
you will need to find a convenient place for02:49:06
the founding of the colony is known to be02:49:09
the surface of Mars is much more02:49:10
radioactive than earth's In addition02:49:13
temperature regime on the surface is also02:49:15
quite different from02:49:17
feather on Mars approximately02:49:20
reaches -40° and the average in our02:49:23
you on the planet02:49:25
14° habitat of the first Martians More likely02:49:28
total will be built below the surface02:49:31
red planet in the future02:49:33
favorable coincidence of circumstances02:49:35
surfaces can be built more02:49:37
complex buildings are planned to cover them02:49:40
a thin layer of water which will have to02:49:42
protect from radiation nonetheless02:49:44
delivery of a huge amount of materials02:49:47
and water to Mars so that this is technological02:49:50
a miracle will require gigantic financial02:49:52
investments if the first Martians02:49:54
the settlement is destined to turn into02:49:56
Big cities will need a settler02:49:58
use materials found on02:50:00
Fortunately there is enough on Mars02:50:02
useful resources planet surface02:50:05
contains metals such as iron magnesium02:50:07
aluminum and electricity can be obtained02:50:10
using solar collectors oxygen02:50:12
present in the atmosphere of the planet and LD02:50:15
below the surface can02:50:17
provide water as soon as the Martians02:50:19
will begin to extract these resources for their02:50:21
use Who will become real02:50:24
the owner of these riches in02:50:27
1967 USA UK and USSR02:50:30
signed a treaty on outer space. According to it02:50:33
no state can present02:50:35
claim to own a cosmic body02:50:38
or part thereof and the sovereignty of states02:50:40
applies only to02:50:42
directly launched by them02:50:43
space objects thus inhabitants02:50:46
Mars will be able to manage their own02:50:48
resources and even create your own02:50:50
own laws on their use02:50:53
so far everything looks very rosy02:50:56
However, history teaches us that creation02:50:58
a new colony is always a risk in May02:51:02
1607 104 men landed in02:51:05
Jamestown the first English settlement on02:51:07
territory of the modern United States by January in02:51:10
only 38 people left alive02:51:13
most died from disease and starvation02:51:15
And others at the hands of aggressive Indians02:51:18
create a settlement on another planet02:51:20
will be even more difficult02:51:22
perhaps almost beyond the capabilities of many scientists02:51:25
are convinced that it is time to colonize others02:51:27
cosmic bodies simply haven’t arrived yet02:51:30
astronomer Vladimir Georgievich Surdin02:51:32
believes that it is much easier and more effective02:51:34
would be to give up efforts on colonization02:51:36
exploration of the sugars of Antarctica or02:51:39
Greenland still remains on earth02:51:41
spaces to master which are significantly02:51:44
It’s easier to remember at least almost necessary02:51:46
Siberia and the World Ocean basins to02:51:50
protect yourself from conflicts02:51:52
minerals colonists must02:51:54
create a common economy before arriving at02:51:56
Mars this Economy must be based02:51:58
on trade in local resources or on02:52:00
support for the new Martian currency02:52:03
Naturally, in order for this02:52:04
the economic model was able to02:52:06
to function will require strong02:52:08
local leadership is among the first02:52:10
settlers have a chance to remember their mistakes02:52:13
create predecessors on earth02:52:14
much fairer model02:52:16
society devices Elon Musk02:52:19
suggests that the best form02:52:21
political regime for Martian02:52:22
colonies will have direct democracy where02:52:25
everyone can cast their vote for02:52:27
acceptance or non-acceptance of what is important for everyone02:52:29
colony decisions in his opinion02:52:31
representative democracy which02:52:33
has existed for a long time in many countries02:52:35
on earth is subject to corruption and not02:52:37
suitable for young Martian settlements02:52:40
another problem - This is a possible threat02:52:43
settlers will face acute02:52:45
lack of resources If suddenly the systems02:52:47
mining will work differently02:52:50
effective as expected Also02:52:53
imagine your state of mind02:52:55
a person who finds himself so far away02:52:57
from home The more will arrive02:52:59
the colonists the stronger they can be02:53:01
separated by linguistic nationality and02:53:04
ideological principles without proper02:53:06
control all these factors can lead to02:53:08
to complete chaos a surge of mental02:53:11
violations And unfortunately in the war so far02:53:14
Mars can hardly be called a hospitable home02:53:17
but just imagine the first generation02:53:19
children born on Mars for them Red02:53:22
the planet will be a real home02:53:24
underground shelter sandstorms radiation02:53:27
will be as familiar to them as02:53:29
for us the streets of cities are oceans and covered02:53:33
Mountains are always covered with snow for them earthlings02:53:35
it's hard to remain a stranger's world now02:53:38
say whether the undertaking will be successful02:53:40
Ilona mask and all those who dream02:53:42
take humanity into space and populate02:53:44
alien worlds But the idea of02:53:47
that such a Great Dream will help02:53:50
to unite humanity we have not outlived everyone02:53:52
their problems here on earth but maybe02:53:55
to be united for such an epochal02:53:57
goals like the colonization of Mars we will be able to02:53:59
forget about earthly prejudices02:54:02
like If you believe that human02:54:04
cities will one day rise above02:54:06
Martian lands Write to02:54:08
comments What other problems?02:54:10
the first inhabitants of Mars may collide and02:54:13
what do you think these will be capable of?02:54:15
solve problems admire02:54:18
Martian dust devil in Gale Crater02:54:21
Sol02:54:26
[music]02:54:27
1597 shown in this pair of images02:54:31
effects that occurred in one Martian02:54:33
day shot demonstrates the sandy wind02:54:36
blowing under the bottom02:54:39
Mars rover But this photo brings us back02:54:42
into the ancient past of Mars, this grid of02:54:46
small polygons on the surface02:54:48
the rocks at the right edge may have arisen in02:54:51
as a result of cracks in02:54:54
dry up billions of years02:54:57
back another interesting photo on02:55:00
purple stones are visible in the foreground02:55:03
hue near the rover's location02:55:05
at the end of 2016 on Mt.02:55:10
ball Would you like to take a look at the iron02:55:14
meteorite pory laser rover october02:55:20
year it is worth noting that the dark stone with02:55:23
the smooth surface was scrupulously02:55:26
investigated using laser pulses02:55:28
and confirmed to be an iron meteorite02:55:33
360° panorama of the Rover on Mars02:55:36
this is exactly what our gloomy neighbor looks like02:55:48
[music]02:55:49
in this rover self-portrait02:55:52
vehicle shown in location02:55:54
drilling kelo in the muray baths area on the mountain02:55:57
sha beat m9a in my butts on mars top02:56:02
hill in this scene from a matte camera02:56:05
is located approximately 5 meters above02:56:07
rover and 25 meters southeast of02:56:10
Do you want to see pictures from the series?02:56:14
goodbye to mm bass Here they are in this photo02:56:18
the outcrop of the hill is visible02:56:21
layered butts on the mountain02:56:25
ball after viewing all the proposed pictures02:56:28
people who have not visited Mars will be able to02:56:31
roughly imagine what landscapes02:56:33
expect colonists to risk settling on02:56:35
The red planet is not very hospitable02:56:38
landscape isn't it true? And the weather isn't02:56:41
pleases consoles one thing may pass02:56:45
millennium and we will be able to form02:56:47
our dusty neighbor turning him into02:56:50
Clone of the earth so not yet02:56:52
happened hurry up to enjoy02:56:54
authentic Martian landscapes02:57:11
[music]02:57:20
[music]02:57:28
[music]02:57:43
[music]02:57:48
P02:57:49
[music]02:57:55
[music]02:58:14
[applause]02:58:15
[music]02:58:30
[music]02:58:40
Since ancient times, people have turned their gaze to their02:58:43
to her closest neighbor Luna she practically02:58:47
the peer is involved in many processes02:58:50
happening on our planet02:58:53
significant role of the Moon in the biosphere02:58:55
changes in particular are attributed to her02:58:58
the occurrence of ebbs and flows and02:59:01
relating not only to the world's oceans02:59:03
but also to the earth's crust but the main function02:59:05
which the lunar scientists endow it with02:59:08
supposedly stabilizing influence on the earth02:59:11
our planet would not have what it needs02:59:13
axis tilt providing time change02:59:16
years and the trajectory would be completely02:59:19
otherwise, that is, we would be hanging out in space02:59:21
like an apple in a hole02:59:24
It is believed that the moon is a kind of handbrake02:59:26
Earth if not for its braking effect02:59:29
then the year on our planet would be like02:59:31
at least three times shorter and the day would last02:59:35
no more than 8 hours But not everyone agrees with02:59:38
voiced by the statements of many02:59:40
astronomers believe they are exaggerated02:59:43
it would be stupid to say that02:59:45
such a close large object02:59:47
does not affect the ground at all but02:59:50
at the moment the world community02:59:52
interested in something else: Can we02:59:54
move to satellite when we understand that02:59:57
our planet is living out its last centuries02:59:59
terraforming of the Moon is underway03:00:02
fierce disputes in the best traditions03:00:05
Shakespeare To be or not to be It would seem03:00:08
the goal is close. So why not turn03:00:11
a humble companion to the global earth03:00:13
dacha, but that was not the case even for old man03:00:17
not Glu as many admit in03:00:19
comments and he doesn’t look at the moon03:00:21
as a springboard for resettlement03:00:24
humanity preferring distant dusty03:00:26
Mars why perhaps this is unforgivable03:00:31
shortsightedness turns out everything is wrong03:00:33
we can just repeat it endlessly03:00:37
Moon Moon moon but the situation doesn't matter03:00:41
will change can be considered a satellite03:00:43
pass point during the sweat to Mars03:00:48
evidence of own political03:00:50
ambitions as they did in their time03:00:52
Russia and the USA but how should earthlings treat03:00:55
to the mysterious neighbor now Can they03:00:58
people will settle on the moon for example03:01:00
terraforming of Mars is planned03:01:02
warm up Venus a little cool down A03:01:05
how will the moon have to change?03:01:08
most scientists believe that it03:01:10
absolutely dead neither animals nor birds03:01:14
even bacteria did not live on its surface03:01:16
never was the proof the following03:01:19
fact when American astronauts03:01:22
returned to their land for a few days03:01:24
quarantined for fear of infection03:01:26
foreign viruses but the alarms turned out to be03:01:30
the spacesuits were completely in vain03:01:33
sterile Therefore we are dealing with03:01:35
lifeless cobblestones and dug03:01:37
craters and covered with a layer of regolith If03:01:40
compare Mars and the Moon then Red03:01:43
the planet will definitely win the tender03:01:45
terraforming solar celestial bodies03:01:47
systems03:01:48
The Martian atmosphere consists of03:01:50
carbon dioxide is deadly to us, but03:01:53
perfect for plants on the moon03:01:56
on the contrary, an extremely rarefied atmosphere03:01:59
so her night sky is less than03:02:01
different from daytime if you don’t take it in03:02:03
calculation the sun dazzlingly sparkling in03:02:05
pitch darkness for the same reason03:02:08
there is a huge temperature contrast03:02:11
not smoothed over by the missing atmospheric03:02:13
the soil and stones of Mars are saturated with nmi03:02:16
micro03:02:18
for growing crops While03:02:21
our companion can boast of having03:02:23
take at least completely different resources03:02:26
helium 3rd element involved in03:02:28
formation of a superfarm03:02:46
derhab is smaller than Mars Whose area03:02:49
is 1/3 of the earth's But this is the most03:02:53
minor of the problems the Moon is not only03:02:56
It also lacks airless03:02:58
magnetic field and is extremely03:03:01
Low Gravity 100 kg03:03:04
the bar here turns into children's03:03:06
dumbbells and ordinary long jump03:03:08
stretches 6 m Therefore the Moon03:03:12
the optimal location for those losing weight03:03:14
here any weight is significantly reduced03:03:17
but this can hardly be considered a plus03:03:19
because the human body is comprehensively03:03:21
tailored to earthly conditions absence03:03:24
atmosphere and magnetic field considerable03:03:26
fly in the ointment in terraforming03:03:28
because colonists on the Moon are inevitable03:03:31
will fall under the influence of hard cosmic03:03:33
radiation it is estimated that in just 10003:03:36
hours the astronaut will receive a critical dose03:03:39
X-ray radiation A during03:03:41
solar flares deadly rays03:03:43
kill a person in a few minutes03:03:46
regolith - Lunar dust that is nowhere03:03:49
impossible to hide also represents03:03:51
danger to the colonists because it03:03:54
provokes fine lung cancer03:03:57
material is harmful and vital03:03:59
necessary equipment in record time03:04:02
disabling it. In general, the Moon is not03:04:05
the best place not only to live03:04:07
man but even for building03:04:09
training camp before flights03:04:11
distant planets because the conditions on the objects03:04:14
too different from each other03:04:17
of our companion there are only two significant03:04:19
plus for which drinks are discussed03:04:22
lunar terraforming is reserves03:04:25
water ice and close distance03:04:28
really still Tsialkovsky03:04:29
developed a project for a space elevator to03:04:32
the moon as quite realistic and03:04:34
feasible for satellite flight03:04:37
the spaceship will have to spend03:04:39
3 days for comparison to fly to Mars03:04:42
six months and the photon of light will reach03:04:45
to its stone seas beyond03:04:48
seconds but the indicated advantages drown03:04:51
in the ocean of obstacles the satellite is filled03:04:54
could therefore become a fossil03:04:56
excellent industrial warehouse or03:04:58
resource base But the survival of the species03:05:01
a completely different story here as they say03:05:04
tourism should not be confused with emigration for03:05:08
you will have to look for far-reaching goals03:05:10
a more suitable celestial body but not03:05:13
hurry to stop the video Because we03:05:15
forgot about the commercial component03:05:18
Is it profitable to turn the moon into a testing ground?03:05:20
research and resource acquisition03:05:23
turns out not very important for what03:05:27
it's worth doing this because of top helium 3 but03:05:30
scientists have not yet learned adequately03:05:32
control processes involving03:05:34
the above element for this purpose03:05:37
will have to build an Experimental03:05:39
reactor and conduct research on it03:05:41
at least 20 years in a row therefore03:05:44
industrial use of thermonuclear03:05:47
synthesis will become possible no earlier than 205003:05:50
years and until that time isotope production03:05:53
practically useless the same problem with03:05:56
tourism sales of tours to the ISS showed03:05:59
absolute unprofitability of this business03:06:02
Therefore, curious Earthlings will not soon03:06:04
will massively buy excursions to the moon03:06:13
[music]03:06:17
vision is a bad assistant in learning03:06:20
distant worlds That is why earthly03:06:23
inventors have been creating telescopes for centuries03:06:25
pipes and telescopes whose eyepieces I despise03:06:28
great distances helped us03:06:30
penetrate into the depths of the Universe with03:06:32
Over time, scientific progress has allowed03:06:34
send to the surface of planets03:06:36
Solar system equipped devices03:06:38
cameras thanks to them we see with our own eyes03:06:41
were able to see mysterious craters03:06:44
unexplored valleys harsh rocks others03:06:48
alien details03:06:49
landscapes Mars Favorite in question03:06:53
more research came to him03:06:55
of all earthly guests what did they see03:06:58
on the deserted and gloomy but so03:07:00
attractive planet in front of you03:07:02
unique collage of Martian images03:07:06
learned from different missions ever03:07:08
who visited this rocky celestial body03:07:12
nm with tic structures this image03:07:15
there was a dog from03:07:18
taken by camera03:07:20
Curiosity it was taken on03:07:24
1931 salt in January 2018 mountain ball03:07:29
stands in the center of the Gale crater diameter03:07:31
which is 96 miles 15403:07:36
km Would you like to take a closer look at Mars in03:07:39
microscopic scale please03:07:43
This photo demonstrates the Martian03:07:45
tonkoi breed which includes tiny03:07:48
bulges in the form of crystals and03:07:51
mineral veins with bright and dark03:07:53
material A in this case shows How03:07:57
highlight what you are looking for using standard03:07:59
remedies offered by scientific filling03:08:02
probe image demonstrates how03:08:04
use of special filters03:08:07
available on the rover's mast03:08:09
Curiosity Mars M C helps identify03:08:12
the presence of certain minerals in03:08:14
target breeds the image represents03:08:17
is a collection of photographs taken03:08:19
through three filters selected for03:08:22
to hematite mineralo iron oxide03:08:24
stood out as if magnified purple03:08:27
And here is the work of the Riti rover conducting03:08:30
testing on October 17, 2017 at03:08:34
as part of the team's development of a new03:08:36
how to use the Rover Seeder This03:08:39
the picture shows that the drill03:08:41
touches the ground while assessing measurements03:08:44
sensor on the manipulator03:08:46
robot In this photo, Vera Rubin Rich with03:08:50
instrument chemistry and camera than cam on03:08:53
Mars rover showing sedimentary layers03:08:55
mineral veins and wind effects03:09:00
[music]03:09:03
erosion landscapes of Mars is an inexhaustible topic03:09:06
for cameras of earth probes Here is an example view03:09:10
on the Vera Rubin ridge from below03:09:13
1734 this site is designated for a Mars rover03:09:17
even before the device landed in03:09:20
201203:09:29
year And here is another angle of the Vera ridge03:09:33
Ruby on Martian Mount Shap structure03:09:36
located directly above the reddish03:09:38
cliffs of the Murai formation03:09:43
[music]03:09:50
This photo shows a dark hill03:09:53
called Irin Hill which03:09:55
rises approximately 16 feet above03:09:57
layered exposed red materials03:10:00
colors covering the mountain slopes03:10:03
[music]03:10:05
the ball in front of you is the map on which it is marked03:10:08
route taken by the Curiosity rover on Mars03:10:11
from the location where he landed in August03:10:13
2012 to its location in July03:10:19
150 as well as the planned path to03:10:22
additional geological layers of the mountain03:10:25
ball you think there are no dunes on Mars03:10:28
similar to earthly ones and you are very mistaken03:10:31
admire Nan Breeds Dune at03:10:34
Martian mountain she was one of03:10:37
company's research stops03:10:39
research into active Martian planets03:10:42
days03:10:46
1966 head this03:10:48
mission another panorama with active03:10:51
linear dune in the crater03:10:57
[music]03:11:07
Gayla And here are the textures for which03:11:10
Curiosity Row studied the Martian Dune03:11:13
This photo shows two ripple scales03:11:20
exist on the Red Planet and have their own03:11:23
unique Whirlwinds field devils dancing03:11:26
in a sequence of images taken03:11:29
February 12, 201703:11:35
year old field devil passes by03:11:38
Martian Sand Dunes03:11:48
admire the devil's Martian dust03:11:51
Gale Sol Crater03:11:57
[music]03:11:59
1597 shown in this pair of images03:12:02
effects that occurred in one Martian03:12:04
day shot demonstrates the sandy wind03:12:07
blowing under the bottom03:12:10
Mars rover But this photo brings us back03:12:14
into the ancient past of Mars is given from small03:12:18
polygons on the Martian surface03:12:20
the rocks at the right edge may have arisen in03:12:22
as a result of cracks in03:12:25
dries up billions of years03:12:28
back another interesting photo on03:12:31
purple stones are visible in the foreground03:12:34
hue near the rover's location03:12:36
at the end of 2016 on Mt.03:12:41
ball Would you like to take a look at the nickel03:12:45
meteorite sing Rover October 30, 201603:12:52
year it is worth noting that the dark stone with03:12:55
the smooth surface was scrupulously03:12:57
investigated using laser pulses03:12:59
and confirmed as iron cells03:13:02
meteorite is a 360 Danube panorama Rover03:13:07
on Mars this is exactly what our gloomy one looks like03:13:10
neighbour03:13:20
in this rover self-portrait03:13:23
vehicle shown in location03:13:25
drilling kelo in the muray baths area on the mountain03:13:30
ball And this photo captures the Moment03:13:34
truth graph shows the places where03:13:37
The rover collected its first 18 samples.03:13:40
stones and soils for laboratory analysis03:13:42
devices03:13:47
on Mars the hilltop in this scene from03:13:50
matte camera is about 503:13:52
meters above the rover and 25 meters to03:13:55
southeast of it Want to see03:13:59
pictures from the series of farewell to MR bass03:14:02
Here they are in this photo, you can see the nudity03:14:05
hill with layered stones in the Yurey area03:14:08
bass on the mountain03:14:10
[music]03:14:12
ball You don’t like Picasso’s work03:14:17
I understand this is exactly what a resident would exclaim03:14:20
of the fourth dimension, having seen slightly03:14:23
crazy Canvas of scandalous03:14:25
Spanish artist whose full name is03:14:28
Pablo Diego Jose Francisco de Paolo Juan03:14:32
no more Maria delos midis SIA dela03:14:36
Santissima Trinidad martir Patricio Ruiz03:14:39
And03:14:40
Picasso Nightmare Isn't it true?03:14:43
and his paintings through the eyes of the majority03:14:45
inhabitants of the earth this was the preamble to03:14:48
today's video in which we03:14:50
Let's try to look at the world much more broadly03:14:53
ordinary Surprisingly, although we03:14:55
live in 3D space see it03:14:58
the full inhabitants of the earth are not in03:15:00
condition because for this it was necessary03:15:02
would perform impossible manipulations in03:15:05
many works of world art03:15:07
one way or another there were attempts03:15:09
break beyond human limits03:15:11
possibilities and try to imagine03:15:14
What is it like to live there in four five and more03:15:17
dimensions, for example, a famous painting03:15:20
Salvador Dali's crucifix in a different way03:15:22
called a hypercubic body03:15:25
since Christ was capriciously crucified on03:15:28
serac scan03:15:30
four-dimensional alternate dimensions03:15:33
are also mentioned in science fiction03:15:35
movie interstellar remember when the hero03:15:38
falls inside a black hole and instead03:15:41
Singularities are discovered there, however.03:15:44
Let's not create spoilers in case someone03:15:47
I haven't seen this amazing movie yet03:15:49
but let's go back to Picasso many03:15:52
it is assumed that the artist had03:15:54
a unique gift to see the world in a non-trivial way03:15:57
remember his paintings where deliberately03:15:59
ugly mixed body parts and facial features03:16:02
objects and silhouettes But what we see03:16:05
like chaos, a resident of the fourth dimension03:16:08
maybe I would have perceived it differently03:16:10
looking at the picturesque cacophony03:16:17
key phrase when mentioning others03:16:19
dimensions look from the outside03:16:22
Imagine that we are in a 2D world03:16:25
all objects seem to be on03:16:28
Apparently they simply have nowhere to get lost, but03:16:31
the problem is that the creatures living in03:16:33
this hypothetical 2D world will03:16:36
they will have one-dimensional vision03:16:39
see only a stripe in the foreground03:16:42
approximately by the same logic03:16:44
our principle of observation is also structured03:16:46
in reality he is only one step up03:16:49
above one-dimensional it is known that a person03:16:52
has binocular vision, that is,03:16:54
two-dimensional and living in a three-dimensional world in03:16:57
basically unable to see him as such03:17:00
or rather we realize the third coordinate03:17:02
only when the figure is in03:17:04
movement Draw in your imagination03:17:07
static and rotating cube as03:17:10
an example is the following03:17:12
situation Looking at a person from the back you03:17:15
you'll never see his face until the subject03:17:18
won't turn around, if only our vision03:17:21
was three-dimensional then when you entered the room you03:17:23
they would immediately notice the cat hiding under03:17:26
five thousand dollar bill hidden on the sofa03:17:28
in the second volume of War and Peace and face03:17:31
your counterpart at the same time as hisDescription:
Сотрудничество: [email protected] ➊ Мой телеграм - https://telegram.org/ ➋ Я в ВК - https://vk.com/tapoki ➌ Группа ВК - https://vk.com/huble Вся музыка взята с библиотеки Epidemic Sound Production Music courtesy of Epidemic Sound ПРОШЛЫЕ ВИДЕО: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LE4E5Qk_kMg%E2%80%8B https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cSzSqKt-EZI%E2%80%8B https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r6K5tjYNwIU%E2%80%8B https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wrFcEXSotN4%E2%80%8B https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KjDCWkJse6Y%E2%80%8B
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