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Download "животные Африки. Саванна"

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Львы
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Антилопы Гну
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Жирафы
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Антилопа
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Жираф
Саванна
Животные
Африка
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00:00:01
planet earth
00:00:04
instead of striking contrasts
00:00:07
and where each creature is perfectly
00:00:10
adapted to its habitat and
00:00:12
plays a huge role in maintaining this
00:00:15
fragile and amazing balance about the
00:00:18
important all species large and small
00:00:25
predators and their prey are social animals,
00:00:30
solitary animals, however, human activity
00:00:33
can easily disrupt this harmony because
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we not guests in the natural world
00:00:41
this is our home welcome to the world of
00:00:46
wildlife world of wildlife
00:00:50
African savannah open forests rolling
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plains Savannah
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occupies almost half of
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continental Africa and passes through the
00:01:02
territory of more than 25 countries tropical
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osago is striking in its enormous
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area of ​​almost 13 million square
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kilometers and the diversity of living the creatures
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that live here,
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in order to survive in this difficult and often
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harsh land, the
00:01:22
animals had to acquire special
00:01:25
adaptations unique to each species and
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amazing the imagination of the
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African savannah lion
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in the vast expanses of Africa the lion reigns,
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this super predator is the largest
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carnivore of the continent
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[music]
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during the day lions can often be seen sleeping
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like all cats, the king of beasts loves to
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rest, however, at night everyone wakes up during
00:02:13
the day; it is not always possible to find a place for an
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ambush on the vast plains of the savannah,
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so lions prefer to hunt under the
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cover of darkness; the light and sensitivity of
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keen eyes is either 6 times higher than that of a
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person; therefore, predators notice even a
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faint flicker and sees perfectly in the
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dark the forward-facing eyes of
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big cats
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provide excellent three-dimensional
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vision, which allows you to better assess the
00:02:45
distance when approaching the prey, the
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hunting tactics of lions do not change
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day or night,
00:03:07
quickly and mercilessly pouncing on the
00:03:09
prey from close range,
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they suppress it with their own mass, they
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overwhelm the animals with their muscular
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front limbs with long
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black claws and in the end they bite the
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throat with powerful jaws
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[music]
00:03:51
fires often occur in the savannah,
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especially in the dry season,
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but lions and other large animals
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hide if they notice the danger in advance, the
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land affected by the fire is Saban and will soon
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be reborn because grasses
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quickly grow from the roots new shoots, but in the
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burnt-out expanses it is difficult to hunt
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even for such an experienced hunter as a lion
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[music]
00:04:39
despite the kingdom, find that
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olives are relatively omnivorous and do not
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disdain carrion; the diet of love can consist of
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40 percent of the meat of dead
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animals, which are not often taken away from
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other predators by the
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only cats living in
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groups
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right this is a family pack of which each member
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has his own duties the noticeable
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mane of the male scares off prey therefore the lioness is
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mainly responsible for the hunt and the lioness
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the role of the male is to protect the territory by walking
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which can stretch for hundreds of
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kilometers
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approximately 10 thousand years ago
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were you one of the most
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common mammals on
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planet and gave first place only
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to humans,
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today they live only in the African
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savannah, and here their range is shrinking due to
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human intervention, and laws against
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poachers helped maintain the
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number of love, but the
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savannah itself must be protected so that the kings of beasts can
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flourish
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[music]
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African savannah African elephant
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on the endless plains of the savannah you can’t help
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but notice the
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African elephant the largest
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land animal on earth
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[music]
00:06:26
with such a size there is no reason to hide
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African elephants are divided into two
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subspecies: this is the smaller forest elephant and the
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truly huge savannah elephant
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elephants continue to grow throughout their lives large
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male elephants reach 4
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meters in height and weigh more than 6 tons;
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slow-moving, easily visible on the plains
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elephants are not afraid of numerous predators of the
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savannah, which are scared off by their huge
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size
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[music]
00:07:21
but size has its drawbacks; to
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maintain a large body, a
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lot of food is needed, so elephants have to graze
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12-18 hours a day and during this time they
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eat hundreds of kilograms of greenery
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[music]
00:07:55
elephants also need a lot of water and on the
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Savan plains, especially during the
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dry season, water is not always possible to find
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[music]
00:08:12
[music]
00:08:15
but it helps elephants in search of water trunk The
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trunk of an elephant is considered one of the most
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mobile parts of the body in animals;
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it consists of more than 40,000 muscles,
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while throughout the human body mini
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1000 elephants use the koba for various
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purposes, for example, during fights,
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go and courtship, and if you need to find water, it is
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absolutely impossible without it an elephant
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can feel the water 19
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kilometers away while
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traveling across vast plains;
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the giants of the savannah can withstand the heat
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thanks to another adaptation; their ears help them
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[music]
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and due to the developed blood supply in the
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thin skin of the ears, they get rid of
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excess heat
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by fanning their ears or exposing the
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temperature to the wind in this way in the heat their bodies
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can drop by 9 degrees Celsius
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probably the most important adaptation of elephants to
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the environment
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is the brain is the largest among land
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animals elephants have the intelligence that is
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necessary to survive drought
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in the savannah
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these giants remember where
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other sources of water and food are located when supplies
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run out in their usual places but one
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adaptation modern elephants do not need
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is the tusks the animal once used
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them to fight clear
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debris or dig up food the tusks are highly
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prized and for ivory hunters
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have been decimating the
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African elephant population for ivory for decades
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however recent restrictions on the
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international trade in ivory
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have slowed down reduction in the number of
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animals, unfortunately, ivory is
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still in demand because of it,
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approximately 50 thousand elephants are killed annually.
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These giants of the savannah will survive only
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if the world community
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makes every effort to preserve them.
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African savannah
00:11:04
wildebeest. The most common game in the vast expanses of the savannah is the wildebeest. Danish settlers
00:11:12
believed that they looked like wild bison;
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in fact, wildebeest belong to the
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antelope family; they are often hunted by
00:11:20
predators of the savannah, especially the wildebeest, but these
00:11:24
antelopes are not so easy to catch; wildebeest are capable of
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accelerating up to 80 kilometers per hour and
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have greater endurance than
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large wildebeest cats weigh up to 250
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kilograms and armed with strong
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horns and durable skin,
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this is quite enough to repel the
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attack of predators that hunt
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them on the savannah, she and the main weapon
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number
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one herd animals and have acquired
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behavioral adaptations
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that enhance their ability to
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defend themselves,
00:12:09
members of the herd are vigilant day
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and night when threatened by wildebeest fearlessly
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protects the cubs and the weakest
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relatives by rallying, and around them the
00:12:24
wildebeest also unite with
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other herbivores; they
00:12:29
flock into one herd of zebras and
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graze with them, which increases overall
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activity and reduces the possibility of
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attacks by predators;
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listening carefully to the sounds of the savannah corner,
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they can distinguish the alarming cries of baboons
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who warn that you need to leave,
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and this is what they do best, every year
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hundreds of thousands of wildebeest unite into a
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herd and one of the most
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spectacular events in nature begins, the great
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migration
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when the rainy season ends in the savannah,
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more than one and a half million wildebeest
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head north in search of
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greener pastures, the earth shakes When
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moving, a herd of wildebeest
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is pursued by land predators; in addition, they
00:13:38
have to cross several
00:13:40
large rivers inhabited by crocodiles;
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tens of thousands of wildebeest are waiting on the shore until one
00:13:49
individual decides to jump; the
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rest immediately follow for the
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migration to end successfully;
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the animals must freely
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cross the entire African continent, but
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each year, new
00:14:18
man-made barriers, roads and fences appear on their way,
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fortunately the wildebeest probably adapt to
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human intervention and choose
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migration routes that bypass artificial
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structures
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[music]
00:14:36
however, in recent years the number has been
00:14:39
rapidly declining, so it is necessary
00:14:41
to strive for balance, and during
00:14:43
migration the wildebeest increases soil fertility
00:14:46
which benefits the farmer and herders;
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moreover, large ruminants
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play a major role in the entire
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savannah ecosystem; they fertilize the soil; form the
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landscape and provide a source of food;
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African savannah;
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cheetah;
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when the region is dominated by open
00:15:13
space;
00:15:14
speed is a very valuable quality; but even the
00:15:19
best runners have a hard time living in the
00:15:22
merciless savanna
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where portions of fast and land
00:15:28
animals in the world can reach speeds of
00:15:30
up to 90 kilometers per hour, but acceleration is
00:15:38
one thing and control is another, everyone knows that the
00:15:43
cheetah runs fast, but in fact the
00:15:45
secret of its success lies in its agility, the
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partial traction cup provides
00:15:52
traction when the cheetah arches its back in
00:15:54
During high-speed maneuvers, the
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elongated tail is used as a
00:15:59
guiding role. The lean cheetah is smaller than
00:16:06
other big cats,
00:16:07
so it can only hunt
00:16:09
small prey. The size also puts it at a
00:16:14
disadvantage compared to other
00:16:16
hunters because lions and hyenas and
00:16:22
other predators take at least ten
00:16:24
percent of the cheetah's prey in order for the
00:16:27
cheetah to survive. had to adapt to
00:16:31
most savannah predators and hunt
00:16:34
at night,
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but the cheetah prefers to act in the morning
00:16:37
or during the day, having killed the prey, the cheetah rests for a short time
00:16:43
and then quickly eats the prey
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until its rivals drive it away,
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despite speed and agility, in
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half the cases the cheetah fails to
00:16:55
catch the prey, it is not clear why the predator
00:17:01
stops the chase getting close to the
00:17:04
prey, but this is not due to
00:17:08
overheating, the animal’s body temperature
00:17:13
rises while eating food, they are in the
00:17:15
process of hunting, perhaps the cheetah is worried
00:17:18
that other dangerous carnivores may
00:17:21
take away its prey,
00:17:28
cheetahs practically disappeared in the last
00:17:30
century when their population decreased from
00:17:33
100 to 10 thousand individuals mainly
00:17:36
because their range has been reduced as a
00:17:39
result of human intervention but there is
00:17:44
still hope small populations of
00:17:47
cheetahs continue to survive and in
00:17:51
some countries the numbers
00:17:53
have even increased slightly African
00:18:00
savannah giraffe
00:18:06
[music]
00:18:09
and the African savannah is home to not
00:18:11
only the fastest large animals but and the
00:18:15
tallest animals in the world are giraffes,
00:18:19
male giraffes reach 6 meters in height,
00:18:23
these animals proudly rise above the
00:18:26
savanna
00:18:33
despite their size, it is surprisingly difficult
00:18:37
to notice a
00:18:38
distinct pattern on the fur, unique
00:18:42
to each giraffe, blurs the outlines of a
00:18:45
large animal and allows it
00:18:47
to blend in with the savannah fox,
00:18:52
this camouflage is especially important for
00:18:55
small giraffes, which remain
00:18:57
easy prey for predators until they
00:19:00
mature, a two-meter neck weighing 270
00:19:08
kilograms is the most characteristic adaptation of giraffes
00:19:18
[music]
00:19:24
and in science it is customary to explain the presence of a
00:19:26
unique adaptation by the natural
00:19:29
selection of long necks and giraffes could eat foliage
00:19:33
that their rivals could not reach,
00:19:36
so they received an advantage not
00:19:39
short necks of relatives and other
00:19:42
herbivores,
00:19:44
but a long neck can serve other
00:19:47
purposes;
00:19:48
males must fight for the right to
00:19:51
mate with females and uses the neck
00:19:54
as a weapon; and when figuring out the relationship, the males
00:19:58
collide their necks with each other and
00:20:01
swing their horned heads, trying to
00:20:04
deliver strong blows
00:20:08
[music]
00:20:14
from the giraffe’s food they prefer The hardy
00:20:17
acacia, widespread in the savannah, has
00:20:20
adapted to find sources of both
00:20:23
food and water both in drought and in the
00:20:25
rainy season. They grab the whist with a long,
00:20:29
mobile tongue and eat about 34
00:20:33
kilograms of greenery per day. The
00:20:34
rainy season and giraffes get most
00:20:37
of the water along with the leaves during During
00:20:41
droughts, they drink only once every
00:20:44
few days,
00:20:45
which reduces the risk of attack by crocodiles
00:20:47
and other predators that wait for
00:20:50
prey near the reservoirs of the savannah.
00:20:55
Human intervention has affected the giraffe population,
00:20:57
but it seems that these curious animals are
00:21:01
adapting to changes. Giraffes
00:21:04
do not directly compete with
00:21:06
livestock and can graze nearby.
00:21:09
agriculture does not disturb them as
00:21:11
much as other wildlife
00:21:18
and the open forests on the vast grassy
00:21:21
plains of the savannah
00:21:22
are home to animals with amazing
00:21:25
adaptations
00:21:26
but the future of this magnificent
00:21:29
region is in doubt and
00:21:33
human intervention as well as
00:21:35
climate change seriously threaten this
00:21:38
savannah system creating conservation
00:21:41
reserves is an important first step,
00:21:44
but it will require the comprehensive efforts of the entire
00:21:47
world community to preserve the
00:21:49
beautiful but so vulnerable savannah
00:21:54
the program was voiced at studio belle from
00:21:56
those read by Ksenia Bourgeois

Description:

В редколесье, на бескрайних травянистых равнинах Саванны, обитают животные с удивительными адаптациями. Однако будущее этого удивительного региона находится под вопросом. Вмешательство человека, а так же изменение климата серьезно мешают экосистеме Саванны ...

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