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Video tags
Subtitles
Russian
00:00:00
so the cold war the iron curtain the00:00:04
domino principle phrases that were heard 5000:00:08
years of struggle between communism and00:00:10
democracy00:00:11
between the Soviet Union and the United00:00:14
States and and personified Nikita Khrushchev and00:00:17
John Kennedy positions were irreconcilable the00:00:21
arena of struggle is huge and the conflict00:00:24
individually John Kennedy and Nikita00:00:27
Khrushchev a00:00:28
new confrontation00:00:30
[music ]00:00:56
[music]00:01:05
confrontation between John Kennedy and Nikita00:01:09
Khrushchev00:01:11
[music]00:01:18
hello, I'm Gerald Macro not V.N.00:01:21
two years after the presidential00:01:23
election, an acute conflict arises between John Kennedy and Soviet00:01:26
Prime Minister Nikita Khrushchev,00:01:27
namely the00:01:29
Cuban Missile Crisis of00:01:31
'62, within 10 days, a telephone in00:01:35
Washington calls his colleague in the00:01:37
Kremlin, the subscriber does not answer,00:01:43
everything is at stake, whether humanity will00:01:46
live in peace or cease to exist00:01:52
people are watching in fear as John00:01:55
Kennedy accuses Nikita Khrushchev of00:01:58
illegally importing missiles into Cuba,00:02:01
the fact has been clearly established that at the00:02:05
moment several missile bases have already00:02:08
been installed on this island, the only purpose of such00:02:13
actions is to ensure the00:02:16
possibility of a nuclear strike on the Western00:02:19
Hemisphere00:02:21
signs of Khrushchev in the Kremlin and film stars in the White House, a00:02:25
furious threat is sent to each other by people00:02:28
who assure everyone and of their commitment to00:02:30
peace, irreconcilable hostility breaks out between them00:02:35
here you for this was an amazing00:02:40
contrast to the battle between the clumsy fat00:02:45
bald Russian Ukrainians and the tall,00:02:53
copper-faced Polish aristocrats of ethics, a00:02:57
Harvard graduate00:02:58
from Massachusetts, these were two completely00:03:05
dissimilar personalities ferment with a huge00:03:08
difference their origin education00:03:11
with different ideologies and cultural00:03:14
traditions but it is difficult to imagine00:03:16
people more dissimilar than Khrushchev and00:03:20
Kennedy and guides in fact the roots of00:03:24
the confrontation lay deeper00:03:26
Yankee John Kennedy was born in a calm00:03:28
sum of confident America00:03:30
nakida Nikita Khrushchev in Russia in00:03:33
a revolution on the verge that00:03:35
ended the three-hundred-year nest of tsarism00:03:40
after a little more time and the masses overthrew00:03:43
the monarch and established a new system.00:04:01
fall his his grandfather was a serf00:04:03
to be cops a serf peasant fraction00:04:06
essentially a slave that is, he came from the00:04:10
very bottom of society00:04:12
he you this of course left an imprint00:04:15
on Khrushchev’s personality in the last years of his00:04:22
life Khrushchev wrote in his memoirs00:04:27
I spent my childhood and youth in the mines and in00:04:30
slide if Gorky's universities were00:04:33
life in people at home they became mines00:04:35
maiden it was a kind of Cambridge for00:04:38
workers in dispossessed Russia Mike my00:04:42
father received his education there and I, too,00:04:45
found halos at the beginning of the century the revolutionary00:04:48
movement completely captured the young00:04:50
Khrushchev in the seventeenth year the Bolsheviks00:04:56
under the leadership of Lenin seized power00:04:58
at the age of 23 and Khrushchev could not think00:05:04
that he would reach the00:05:05
highest echelons of power, but00:05:10
at that time00:05:13
his main rival should be born in another hemisphere his life the00:05:17
beginning of the First World War for America00:05:21
women fight for the right to vote Woodrow00:05:25
Wilson elected for a second term00:05:27
and on a quiet street in Brooklyn, from00:05:29
Massachusetts, John Kennedy was born from00:05:33
the forest, he was the second son of Joseph Kennedy, a00:05:35
wealthy businessman, and Rose and Fitzgerald00:05:38
Kennedy, daughters of retired Major John00:05:40
Fitzgerald Walt, political conversations00:05:47
arose at the dinner table,00:05:50
international problems were part of the life of00:05:52
the family, which helped the boy understand his00:05:55
dear baby mother was busy with them00:05:58
asking them questions from the field of geography00:06:00
and political science directing their interests in a00:06:04
certain direction and hence the insatiable00:06:07
thirst for knowledge Jack’s father dreamed of00:06:15
growing up as a future president00:06:17
but thought to his eldest senju he was 300:06:20
years old when Jack almost died of00:06:22
scarlet fever00:06:23
he was haunted by illnesses youthful humor and the00:06:27
sharp mind that distinguished him as a00:06:29
political figure appeared already in00:06:32
early childhood, he already knew how to00:06:34
achieve his goal in 1935, Jack00:06:39
goes with his millionaire dad00:06:41
abroad to a London school,00:06:43
but Mickey Yankee soon Kennedy00:06:46
writes home in fear that the school director is a communist,00:06:50
one Genke regarding the young Kennedy's snout to00:06:53
communism was a natural consequence of00:06:58
Anda's conservative Catholic upbringing, an argument with strict supervision about Grenada, the00:07:01
elder and not the pen, this family was a00:07:05
fierce opponent of communism,00:07:10
a year since true capitalists00:07:13
simply could not treat communism,00:07:16
otherwise, since the twenty-ninth year, 100:07:20
communist attracts the attention of Jack00:07:22
Canada Joseph Stalin00:07:25
under Stalin Soviet the union becomes a00:07:28
powerful power and send00:07:32
Nikita Khrushchev to work on the outskirts of Stalin’s possessions00:07:34
as a simple party worker,00:07:37
he worked in Ukraine as a shepherd and a00:07:40
mechanic00:07:41
and a plumber and mechanic Lyalina in the00:07:44
twenty-ninth year when Kennedy00:07:45
turns 12 years old 5 Khrushchev goes up in00:07:50
Moscow an industrial academy opens00:07:52
in moskau and Nikita Khrushchev is invited to00:07:56
enroll in the session, he is 35,00:08:01
his work attracts the attention of Stalin and00:08:04
he takes Khrushchev00:08:06
under his wing and Khrushchev is promoted,00:08:09
occupying important positions, and in the00:08:13
thirty-fourth year, at the age of 39, hook00:08:16
becomes a member of the Apostles Cycle, he knew00:08:22
where to jump and where to duck I00:08:24
understood that it was impossible to interfere00:08:27
in dubious enterprises and the00:08:29
air he never said no and00:08:32
literally danced the tired tank of Stalin's00:08:36
thirty-fifth year,00:08:38
the machine of Stalin's repressions was gaining momentum,00:08:41
many party00:08:43
workers and senior military officials were arrested,00:08:46
terror penetrated the ranks of00:08:49
ordinary citizens, causing the death of millions of00:08:51
people no, many of comrade Khrushchev00:08:55
died, but Stalin did not touch him by killing him,00:08:59
to be honest, I think that everyone was00:09:02
to blame for this and my father said and00:09:06
I also have blood on my hands,00:09:08
but the truth was there was one difference, my father00:09:12
tried to save as many00:09:14
people as possible, but he will bypass with the arrival Hitler's rise to00:09:26
power, the threat of war looms over the Soviet Union,00:09:28
so at this time an00:09:30
American diplomat comes to England00:09:33
with his two sons Joseph Kennedy00:09:36
President Roosevelt appoints ambassador to00:09:39
Great Britain Jack interrupts his00:09:42
studies at Harvard to join his00:09:44
father and brother00:09:45
this trip became a revelation for Jack00:09:48
Kennedy when the German a00:09:51
British passenger ship was sunk by a torpedo00:09:53
and Kennedy sent his son to Scotland00:09:56
to help the victims suddenly00:10:00
international politics ceased to be00:10:03
abstractions00:10:04
but turned into a living and human00:10:06
drama returning to Harvard Jack00:10:09
plunges into the study of political science and00:10:11
international law after graduating from00:10:15
Harvard Kennedy publishes an observation about00:10:18
life in England on the eve war book while00:10:21
England slept became a bestseller in 2400:10:25
Kennedy goes to the floor they didn’t take him as00:10:28
of00:10:29
me but he insisted and went to serve a00:10:31
month before Pearl Harbor in00:10:35
Canada he serves in the Solomon Islands00:10:38
when his boat is stomped by the Japanese he saves00:10:41
several crew members this incident00:10:47
was for him lessons and the most important experience,00:10:50
he understood how dirty and difficult00:10:53
war can be, he could not let these00:10:57
guys down, he had to command,00:10:58
he had to earn respect, so he00:11:02
fought with all his might for the lives of his00:11:04
people, then this episode did not turn him into a00:11:07
leader, he felt like a leader and00:11:11
people recognized him as where he fulfills his00:11:17
duty Khrushchev becomes a general install00:11:20
handed over appoints him to lead the defense of00:11:23
Ukraine boulevard word during the Second00:11:27
World War he was a commissar wherever00:11:30
he was at the front with soldiers or00:11:35
at a factory with workers he00:11:38
supported the combat Tula booster everywhere so00:11:40
everywhere he worked for victory, he worked00:11:44
together with people and he inspired them with00:11:47
his example from a guy, unlike the00:11:52
bureaucrats who sat in offices and00:11:55
gave orders00:11:57
during the war, Khrushchev retains his00:12:00
reputation as the right hand of the leader, this00:12:03
reputation will remain with him for the rest of his life00:12:06
forty-third and Khrushchev and Kennedy are00:12:09
awarded the Kennedy Order of the Purple00:12:13
Heart00:12:14
and Khrushchev Suvorov, second degree, for00:12:17
skill and courage in conducting military00:12:19
operations, but soon enmity will arise00:12:23
between the two countries and then the Cain00:12:25
idea of the Khrushchevs will find themselves in opposite00:12:28
camps, now they are gradually moving forward so the00:12:32
beginning of that confrontation that00:12:34
will change their lives00:12:38
Anna's view the appearance at the end of the Second00:12:41
World War of atomic bombs marked the00:12:43
beginning of a new era, the00:12:46
Cold War was about to begin in the very center00:12:49
which would be Khrushchev and Canada00:12:52
[music] the00:12:57
Second World War claimed the lives of 29200:13:01
thousand Americans,00:13:02
but one death especially influenced the00:13:06
development of events John Kennedy's older brother00:13:08
was killed shortly before Joe's death, it00:13:15
became clear that he was the hope of the families, they00:13:18
saw him as a candidate for the presidency, the00:13:21
Kanchuks were all shocked by his death,00:13:27
the jackpot always said that he himself became00:13:31
president for the sake of his brother and constantly00:13:36
asked himself00:13:38
whether he should have taken the place Joe or00:13:41
not whether he had the right to do so on the field new00:13:44
jack gets involved in discussing00:13:46
international issues he becomes a00:13:49
reporter participates in the first meeting of the00:13:52
united nations in san francisco from the00:13:55
cliffs and in the historical conference in00:13:57
potsdam john le pen or worries about the00:14:00
growing influence of the soviet union in00:14:02
Eastern Europe, Khrushchev continues to00:14:06
gain strength in00:14:07
the year forty-nine, he holds the post of00:14:10
secretary of the central committee,00:14:14
of course, he was not an educated person,00:14:17
but he went through a good school of life to00:14:20
become a leader and get around you Malenkov and00:14:24
other competitors, and he managed to survive under00:14:28
Stalin,00:14:30
who did not destroy us only enemies00:14:33
but also assistants, but Stalin's days were00:14:39
numbered in00:14:40
150, the third year he had a stroke and00:14:43
died of a cerebral hemorrhage,00:14:48
Stalin did not leave a successor, a bunch of Khrushchevs,00:14:53
among other high-ranking members,00:14:55
the party created a provisional government,00:14:57
although00:14:59
not for long in the fifty-sixth year, after a00:15:03
series of cunning political maneuvers by00:15:05
Khrushchev becomes the leader of the country in00:15:12
Boston, young Kennedy continues on the path00:15:14
to the White House in forty-six he00:15:17
is elected to Congress themselves find fifty-00:15:19
two he wins the election of Henry00:15:21
Hooves Lodge00:15:22
and becomes a senator at the age of 3500:15:26
and 4 years later at the Twentieth00:15:31
Party Congress Khrushchev takes the riskiest00:15:33
step during his career, he amazes his00:15:37
comrades with a 6-hour secret speech about the crimes of the00:15:41
Stalin era, Khrushchev understood that this was00:15:45
dangerous not only for his career but also for his00:15:47
life,00:15:48
however, he was not taking risks for the first and not the00:15:51
last time. The 20th Party Congress shocked the00:15:57
whole world and most of all the Soviet Union00:16:02
this speech was a kind of symbol of00:16:05
the liberation of the Soviet Union jobs in00:16:10
it the issue of sale in a00:16:13
overthrow of the personality cult of Stalin and00:16:16
Kitty was first raised because after the congress a00:16:19
powerful00:16:20
anti-Stalinist movement began in the country and the company was00:16:24
incredible00:16:27
iris it turned out to be Khrushchev’s last step00:16:31
to power in 195800:16:34
the son of a miner from Kalinovka became the head of00:16:37
state in the same year John Kennedy00:16:42
again enters the Senate in the elections in00:16:44
Massachusetts all a little correspondence00:16:47
Senator Kennedy gains fame as a00:16:50
fighter for civil rights and an00:16:52
implacable opponent of communism march00:16:56
[music]00:16:58
59 General Secretary Khrushchev decided to00:17:01
visit America during the trip he00:17:05
charmed the Americans, they saw that00:17:08
communism could have a human face,00:17:12
Khrushchev was the first to talk about the fact that the war00:17:15
between communism00:17:16
and capitalism is not so inevitable,00:17:22
that it is possible for agencies to cooperate between them, that00:17:27
was his position and it00:17:30
contradicted what00:17:32
Stalin had said before it’s00:17:33
just that Khrushchev, as a convinced00:17:37
Mars, knew that the building of00:17:40
communism was00:17:41
natural and natural, can’t help fox for00:17:45
everyone, let Khrushchev stay in America for two00:17:48
weeks and his path with the future president00:17:51
once crossed the boat, few know00:17:54
how the young Khrushchev took it, they00:17:58
had to have a meeting in Washington,00:18:00
Khrushchev met with John Kennedy00:18:02
Khrushchev was fascinated by the future president00:18:05
please I liked his face00:18:09
which seemed gloomy but suddenly00:18:11
lit up with a good-natured smile00:18:15
[applause]00:18:16
after a visit to America Khrushchev met00:18:19
with Eisenhower at the Paris summit00:18:22
hopes for cooperation between the two00:18:24
leaders increased00:18:26
but everything collapsed when he00:18:28
was shot down on the territory of the Soviet Union American00:18:31
flight reconnaissance 11 Hauer denied this00:18:35
fact, but Khrushchev convinced the president00:18:38
by shocking those around him with the material00:18:40
evidence of a tubular fragment of the crashed00:18:43
plane, he demanded an apology,00:18:46
one Eisenhower00:18:47
refused, this ended the Paris00:18:50
summit, echoes of the Riga summit00:18:53
were prevented from becoming president and Richard00:18:56
Nixon times before the Senate, Senator Gennady,00:19:00
meanwhile, became a candidate in the00:19:02
presidential00:19:03
exit in this we knew very little about00:19:06
keune design was a young man with a lot of00:19:09
promise very rich we heard that00:19:12
he was known as an intelligent, brilliantly00:19:14
educated politician from politicians skill00:19:18
he supported Kennedy not because he00:19:21
was young and perhaps fame for me he00:19:25
said I don’t have there is no choice of pain00:19:31
because whoever the Americans00:19:33
choose as president will be better than00:19:35
Nixon and so00:19:38
the fight was tense. Kennedy00:19:41
still outstripped Nixon in January 1961 and was the00:19:46
youngest president in American history and00:19:48
took office in his00:19:50
and both diets and speeches had words00:19:52
who treated Nikita Khrushchev and00:19:57
let all nations know,00:20:01
no matter how they treat us, that we will make any00:20:06
sacrifices, we will endure any time, we will overcome00:20:11
any difficulties, we will support friends and00:20:15
punish enemies for the sake of the triumph of freedom00:20:22
online later, Khrushchev is trying to prove to the00:20:25
young president who is stronger than Mr.00:20:28
will accept the challenge and the whole world will00:20:32
watch this first Khrushchev and did not00:20:37
think of going into conflict00:20:39
one Henry when Kennedy took00:20:41
office Khrushchev hastened to establish an00:20:43
official relationship with him he even had a00:20:46
kind of surprise prepared he wanted to00:20:49
charm the president Yegor Myachin00:20:53
Khrushchev's congratulations came before00:20:55
others it said find a00:20:58
prepared gifts in the00:21:02
year fifty-nine in the Soviet Union00:21:04
two Americans were arrested not in00:21:07
prison carries Khrushchev promised to release them00:21:11
for the sake of John Kennedy soon after this00:21:14
region made it clear that he was not against00:21:17
changing attitudes towards a better apple00:21:24
but in April 61 Kennedy's optimism and frivolity00:21:27
turned into the harsh reality of the00:21:29
Cold War a month after00:21:34
Kennedy's inauguration, he becomes makes his00:21:37
first mistake, he overthrows the00:21:40
communist government of Fidel00:21:43
Castro, Havana, which nurtured00:21:45
Khrushchev, the next day the president is looked at00:21:49
askance from the00:21:54
very beginning, the operation was unsuccessful and00:21:57
the responsibility for this lies with the White00:22:00
House spinning around and Svishchev responds with a00:22:04
proposal to organize themselves, it’s true, but00:22:08
the proposal provokes criticism of Albania and00:22:10
China for being liberal with the West,00:22:13
even if Khrushchev needs a trium and he00:22:16
gets it, the wolf, the whole world watches with admiration the00:22:19
return to earth of the first00:22:21
cosmonaut,00:22:23
one man army sets, later the USA is sent into00:22:26
space and00:22:27
Alona Schechter the flight is successful00:22:30
however the Americans are in second place00:22:32
Kennedy vows to fix it the00:22:36
space race involved both00:22:38
military and economic aspects a number although00:22:41
both of them fought for peace on earth in June00:22:44
61 two leaders with good intentions00:22:48
meet obesity we hope xy mo00:22:52
I will dial this MP Gennady00:22:55
imagined what an00:22:57
orthodox communist was all about and here he was00:22:59
in front of him Khrushchev who sincerely believed00:23:02
that the strategic, ideological and00:23:06
truth of history was not on his side and00:23:09
turned out to be just a00:23:13
good person who wanted to00:23:15
succeed and discos they have something to discuss but00:23:19
occupy a special place question in Berlin00:23:21
module 15 years ago their predecessors00:23:24
defeated Hitler about this but due to the00:23:28
growing influence of the Soviet Union a00:23:30
new tension has arisen the iron00:23:35
curtain divides00:23:36
Germany NSB Berlin becomes a00:23:38
stumbling point the interests of Khrushchev and Kennedy00:23:41
in Berlin intersect West Berlin00:23:46
becomes a fortress of capitalism in the00:23:48
center communism Khrushchev requires leaving00:23:51
NATO from Berlin channel Gennady does not00:23:54
recognize the eastern government and00:23:57
declares that the West Germans have the right to00:23:59
count on the support of America,00:24:02
no one wants to retreat,00:24:04
he said this guy thinks that he can00:24:08
put pressure on us to change our policy00:24:12
for the sake of his own goals, no, we have a big00:24:15
country and everything will be done the way we do00:24:18
I decided on the Viennese itself I reached a00:24:22
dead end,00:24:23
they parted with a feeling of growing00:24:26
dissatisfaction, you can see dex I remember the00:24:29
expression on his face and looking at him I00:24:32
felt pity and even got upset00:24:34
I didn’t want to quarrel until 3 but nothing could be00:24:38
fixed00:24:39
[music]00:24:41
Khrushchev misjudged the possibilities00:24:44
Kennedy00:24:45
he looked at Kennedy as a young00:24:47
man helpless and incompetent00:24:52
meanwhile Kennedy took action against00:24:57
Khrushchev's actions the00:25:00
Soviet leader made a mistake00:25:02
laser between Gennady returned I was00:25:07
wise from experience during this summit00:25:11
in Vienna he acted exclusively as a00:25:15
professional president the whole point is00:25:19
that we and Soviet Union00:25:23
we attach completely different meanings to the00:25:26
same words war peace democracy and00:25:30
the will of the people we believe in a system of00:25:32
national freedom and independence00:25:35
they believe00:25:36
in the spread of communist00:25:38
relations in the world the question is whether00:25:42
our system can00:25:43
coexist with its actors dc we00:25:47
left this summit feeling how the00:25:49
conflict between the United00:25:52
States and the Soviet Union grew, after which00:25:56
Gennady immediately sent 20 thousand00:25:58
soldiers from Berlin selected to00:26:01
ensure the safety of the00:26:03
beef, he was afraid that a conflict might arise,00:26:06
Rusev remains unshakable and he00:26:12
demands the signing of a treaty with East00:26:14
Germany00:26:15
guaranteeing his rights and prohibiting the00:26:18
unification of Germany on the canal Gennadi00:26:21
is not far behind, he makes a speech that00:26:24
promises three billion dollars in aid to West Berlin00:26:27
and for your military purposes00:26:31
[applause]00:26:35
Gennadi did not know exactly what the00:26:37
reaction to such a statement would be,00:26:39
but he was sure that Khrushchev was a00:26:42
dangerous figure and could be provoked by the00:26:45
inadequate actions of Khrushchev and roll the idea00:26:52
they agreed that they would not test00:26:54
nuclear weapons in August 61 Khrushchev without00:26:58
warning produces 15 dangerous00:27:01
explosions visible00:27:05
Gennady was furious after learning that Khrushchev00:27:08
violated Golovkin now he will also00:27:11
continue testing and Khrushchev broke00:27:15
his word well, firstly because his00:27:18
colleagues and himself demanded it weapons,00:27:21
but at the same time it was a demonstration00:27:23
of the fact that Khrushchev continues to dispute00:27:28
with Kennedy and the United States00:27:31
and the Russian Federation, but to help Kennedy had00:27:36
no doubt about it, and when the treaty was00:27:39
violated, he could respond in kind. Residents of00:27:44
East Germany are rushing to move to the00:27:46
West for fear there is a foundation on August 13,00:27:52
61, the Berlin Wall, entangled with00:27:55
barbed wire, blocks their way00:27:58
there, the residents of East Berlin00:28:01
find themselves locked in a huge cage00:28:04
that will hold them for a quarter of a century00:28:08
midlands landing, we realized that free00:28:11
passage between the two parts of Berlin will00:28:13
only be a loophole for the spies of capitalism00:28:16
that will allow them report collecting00:28:19
information about our troops is the only00:28:24
way to deprive them of such an opportunity00:28:26
to close the border the00:28:29
wall alerted Candy00:28:31
in August he sends Vice President00:28:34
Johnson to Germany to check00:28:37
how American aid works sense00:28:39
500:28:40
he places one and a half thousand soldiers00:28:42
around East Germany00:28:44
creating an impregnable corridor which00:28:46
Khrushchev leaves these actions without00:28:48
attention, you were probably afraid of00:28:52
Elena de, and he said that this young president00:28:58
takes everything too seriously and00:29:00
beryl helped, it is possible that he00:29:02
made serious mistakes in his00:29:06
strategy in October, Khrushchev’s worst fears are00:29:09
ready to come true, Kennedy’s head00:29:11
creates the so-called checkpoint Charlie,00:29:14
opening the way to the United States Gleb's incest to East Berlin00:29:17
and for American00:29:20
diplomats to pass through it without00:29:21
presenting documents Gennadi send a00:29:24
column of tanks with them at the border they are00:29:28
met by Khrushchev's tanks00:29:32
sex for 16 hours they stand opposite each00:29:35
other while Khrushchev and Kennedy solve their00:29:38
problems everyone is waiting for the resolution of the conflict and00:29:45
in the cold October night 6100:29:49
American and Soviet tanks were00:29:51
aimed at each other for Kennedy and00:29:54
Khrushchev this night seemed the00:29:56
longest in life00:29:58
the tension was resolved at half00:30:00
past ten in the morning again Nikita00:30:03
Khrushchev retreated collided he considered himself a00:30:07
master of bluff thinking in a similar00:30:09
way he really believed that00:30:12
capitalism was possible intimidate,00:30:15
so I realized it was clear that the charger checkpoint00:30:19
was only a rehearsal before the main00:30:21
action, the latter was supposed to00:30:23
unfold off the American coast on00:30:26
October 14, 1962, Gennady makes a00:30:29
terrible discovery,00:30:31
air reconnaissance provides evidence of the00:30:33
worst suspicions, Khrushchev placed00:30:37
nuclear warheads on cube under his00:30:39
nose, Kennedy holds a meeting our00:30:42
assistants to decide how to00:30:44
respond to the slums00:30:49
we never wanted to start a war a00:30:52
war in principle against our ideals we00:30:57
recognized the war as an exclusively00:30:59
liberation war00:31:00
Atwood it would be stupid to threaten the United00:31:03
States this is being bought up by any00:31:05
orbit crater dirt this crisis arose00:31:08
due to misunderstanding and misunderstanding from00:31:11
we thought that these missiles would be00:31:14
received normally by America, we had many00:31:17
enemies at the border, it00:31:19
was unpleasant, that’s how it was, but for those who00:31:21
had no enemies, the missile turned out to be00:31:24
unacceptable south and rooms acceptance October 18,00:31:32
4 days ago, Gennadi made a frightening00:31:35
discovery, but only told his immediate circle about it00:31:39
to find out about Khrushchev's plans, kinder00:31:42
calls his Minister of Foreign Affairs00:31:45
[music]00:31:47
Andrei Gromyko00:31:49
to assure that Khrushchev never takes his00:31:52
missiles to Cuba00:31:54
Gennady does not argue with the gram, it is pretending00:32:01
that nothing is happening and on Mr. de they00:32:03
leave Washington for Chicago Chicago on the00:32:07
same day, Moscow radio reports00:32:09
that the American fleet began maneuvers in the00:32:12
Caribbean Sea,00:32:13
apparently preparing to capture Cuba, I was tired00:32:18
of calls from journalists, something strange was happening,00:32:20
someone saw troops going to00:32:23
Florida, someone saw00:32:26
Virginia warships, everyone thought that we were preparing for00:32:30
winter even Salinger did not know the secrets that00:32:33
Kennedy and his advisers possessed, but00:32:36
he soon understood everything and Alan Thicke00:32:38
Salinger was called to Chicago by00:32:39
the President, but Homonov on the morning of00:32:42
October 20, Kennedy asked to postpone the00:32:44
press conference, he said that the doctors00:32:47
advised him to interrupt the trip00:32:49
due to bad weather and urgently return to00:32:52
Washington during the flight, I00:32:58
finally decided to talk to him frankly, I00:33:01
asked Mr. President what was00:33:03
happening, something new had happened, are you00:33:06
hiding it from me, he replied and when we00:33:10
arrive in Washington,00:33:12
I will tell you everything, but I think you wo00:33:15
n’t like it00:33:17
and it was impossible to hide it further the word00:33:22
crisis hit the streets Kennedy had to00:33:26
take control of the situation he called the00:33:29
New York Times and the Washington00:33:32
Post and convinced them not to print the message00:33:35
before his official statement00:33:37
Walcott and the office learned about the Cuban00:33:40
missile resize from his address to the00:33:43
people at 7:22 October,00:33:51
the fact has been absolutely established that at the moment00:33:56
several missile bases have00:33:58
already been installed and we are burning on this00:34:01
independent island, the only purpose of such actions is00:34:03
to ensure the possibility of a00:34:07
nuclear strike on the Western Hemisphere00:34:12
at this time the planes were already ready to00:34:15
fly to Cuba and the strategic00:34:17
air command was brought in00:34:19
combat readiness00:34:21
died observed situation Pope00:34:24
John 7 addressed both leader balls00:34:27
prayer and humility lamb he and answered00:34:32
only one hour and Khrushchev sent the pope a00:34:36
letter of thanks from Kennedy00:34:38
addressed the people we act in the00:34:42
interests of our security and the00:34:44
security of the hemisphere we act in00:34:47
accordance with Constitution,00:34:49
before the approval of Congress, I ordered00:34:54
the following measures to be urgently taken00:34:56
to stop the build-up of a00:34:59
military base in Cuba, we are introducing strict00:35:04
isolation and a ban on the import of any00:35:08
type of weapons into the island, according to Maradona, all ships00:35:10
arriving00:35:11
on the shores of Cuba will be inspected and, if they are00:35:15
on board,00:35:16
will be returned back I demanded that00:35:20
Mr. Khrushchev free us from this00:35:23
provocative threat to peace and00:35:25
humanity,00:35:26
three naval battalions are sent to the bay00:35:29
and US citizens00:35:30
are being supervised from the island. In response, Nikita00:35:33
Khrushchev speaks on Moscow radio00:35:36
calling the actions of the United States arbitrary and00:35:38
accusing Kennedy of inciting hostility from00:35:44
causing us to be accused language of dishonesty,00:35:47
but who accused me, let me find the00:35:49
United States, which surrounded us with00:35:51
their military bases, should be00:35:54
indignant last of all, are00:35:56
the Americans notifying us that they are00:35:58
building another base? On October 24, the00:36:02
military isolation of Cuba begins to take effect; the00:36:05
strategic air command00:36:07
is put on combat readiness number two,00:36:10
meaning preparations for war humor00:36:13
several Soviet ships sailing in Cuba00:36:15
return others are inspected and00:36:18
released00:36:22
life in the white house during the crisis00:36:24
became unbearable everyone who worked there00:36:27
stayed in the white house overnight we00:36:31
couldn’t leave we had to stay there00:36:34
around the clock there was a bed in my office00:36:37
but it was a round-the-clock00:36:40
working day and each of us understood that00:36:42
this was the most difficult crisis in history, one00:36:49
conflict between Kennedy and Khrushchev00:36:51
worsened when Kennedy found out that00:36:53
Khrushchev continued00:36:55
to build up the base missiles, finally00:36:57
wrote sites at all,00:37:00
we knew for sure this is a dream, these are combat00:37:03
missiles, we organized a meeting to00:37:08
make a decision we will we bomb00:37:10
Soviet missiles or start capturing the cube00:37:15
October 27 on the lip website American00:37:18
reconnaissance plane himself taught died00:37:22
Gennady send an ultimatum to Khrushchev00:37:24
or the Soviet Union in 24 hours they promise to00:37:28
remove the missiles we or the Americans we will00:37:31
destroy them online the confrontation between00:37:34
Kennedy Khrushchev he has reached its climax00:37:37
they all surprised each other more on00:37:42
October 28, Kennedy announces an ultimatum to00:37:45
Khrushchev, both sides were completely00:37:48
mobilized to start the war, the president00:37:52
walked with me in the garden and said00:37:55
not crumpled, you know, if I make a mistake, let00:37:58
hundreds of millions of people die00:38:01
in trucks, I shouldn’t make a mistake,00:38:04
but for John Kennedy had another00:38:07
side to his fight with Khrushchev, a side00:38:10
that the hero did not know for the00:38:12
last 18 months, he secretly communicated with00:38:16
Khrushchev in the hope of achieving an understanding of the00:38:18
sbahn00:38:23
plane in 1961, Pierre Salinger was00:38:26
called by the Soviet embassy at a00:38:28
meeting with Georgy Bolshakov, he decided00:38:31
again he left to me with a thick00:38:34
envelope, this pain was a letter on 3200:38:39
pages from Khrushchev Kennedy and he00:38:44
gave it to me in Egypt in Russian game he gave it in00:38:47
English and said we should start a00:38:51
dialogue between the presidents and y and asked to00:38:55
convey the answer in the same way,00:39:01
private correspondence began, exchange of letters these00:39:03
secret calls on the00:39:06
white house hotline strong brand telephone00:39:11
conversations lost from 45 letters00:39:14
exchanged between Khrushchev and Gennady fast00:39:18
only half were made public three times it’s00:39:22
strange to realize that these two date00:39:26
trouble these two leaders went their own way and00:39:29
at the same time tried to seem polite00:39:33
from ugg boots they tried to do putting on a good face with a00:39:37
bad game of00:39:40
mind, and so only the closest aides00:39:42
knew about their private correspondence, and the root of the00:39:45
presidential press secretary says that00:39:47
Kennedy understood the whole answer to this question00:39:51
was discussed and the woman Gennady Klimov00:39:55
once told John Kennedy if you go too far in00:39:59
your negotiations with Khrushchev00:40:01
with advice too far you risk00:40:04
being killed people don’t want their00:40:06
president to communicate with communists00:40:10
1 but now that Kennedy is trying to get out00:40:14
of the Caribbean crisis hopes for00:40:16
mutual understanding are being ruined centropen give me I00:40:20
ruined the hour Kenobi Gennadi gave00:40:22
Khrushchev a decisive ultimatum if00:40:26
Khrushchev does not remove the missiles from Cuba lash USA00:40:29
will do it was for him that the00:40:31
antipa in Canada had a faint hope00:40:33
that the Russians would understand and but he did not know how00:40:37
Khrushchev would react; the bets were made at the00:40:41
twelfth hour; Kennedy finds out that a00:40:43
secret communique from Obruchev00:40:45
Nastya arrived; the president believes the message does not00:40:49
understand that he won; that Khrushchev will remove00:40:52
the missiles if Kennedy we promise not to00:40:54
attack the crisis has passed and today00:41:02
Mr. Khrushchev told me that all 2800:41:06
warheads will be removed from Cuba00:41:09
in 30 days, he agreed that we00:41:12
will control the export of weapons, the00:41:15
danger that00:41:19
hung over the entire hemispheres for 4 weeks has passed, I gave the00:41:23
order to the Minister of Defense and we are not lifting00:41:26
the isolation we are00:41:27
retreating from our political00:41:30
and economic course in relation to Cuba00:41:35
and also do not lose hope that00:41:38
someday the Cubans will gain freedom,00:41:41
but this does not mean that we should seize00:41:44
the island and establish our own rules there00:41:47
inspiron, despite the danger in front of the00:41:50
sled, some experts believe00:41:52
that Kennedy and Khrushchev you learned a00:41:55
special lesson for yourself Khrushchev could say00:41:59
if you blockade Cuba we blockade00:42:02
West Berlin00:42:03
Khrushchev didn’t do that I think Kennedy00:42:06
appreciated for all their shortcomings they00:42:09
were reasonable people the story of sometimes00:42:17
turns and one way or another stones00:42:23
under the influence of pathological ones about the00:42:27
individual individual style and be it Lake00:42:30
Wilhelm 200:42:32
o or Hitler o panels Stalin Winder00:42:38
who, with their madness,00:42:40
tried to turn the world upside down, you are00:42:44
a warlock and the whole world was happy that00:42:47
Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev and John00:42:50
Fitzgerald Kennedy formulas turned out to be00:42:52
normal people before you and pounds, we must00:42:55
give them their due00:42:56
pounds to pay tribute and00:42:58
gratitude for the fact that they, after all,00:43:01
or God saved the world and nuclear disasters00:43:04
were somewhat worthy, whether this00:43:11
relationship remained a little better, the Manning00:43:15
Berlin crisis and the women came to naught, it00:43:17
was not heard from the lid turned on in I00:43:20
realized that I could calm down00:43:22
I think that he respected Kennedy,00:43:27
find sixty-three, a year00:43:30
after the Caribbean crisis, the Yankees, Nadya00:43:32
sends a delegation to Moscow to00:43:34
sign the Nuclear Weapons Ban Treaty,00:43:37
this gives Kennedy and Khrushchev00:43:39
new hope for the end of the Cold00:43:42
War,00:43:46
but cooperation was not the point, and00:43:50
Kennedy’s life suddenly and tragically ends00:43:53
in November 63 he threw out, we can only00:43:57
guess and how more00:43:59
wearing between the two and Delvo developed00:44:01
if it weren’t for this untimely death xp00:44:06
I’m absolutely sure that they would have gotten along,00:44:09
it’s clear if Kennedy had not killed if00:44:12
Khrushchev had not been removed from power the Cold00:44:15
War would have ended much00:44:18
I used to be a capitalist in Canada, I was a communist, but00:44:23
he was the most decent00:44:24
of all American presidents, giving00:44:28
I really trusted him and I was not00:44:31
mistaken, he understood that we could not00:44:35
be in a state of enmity, I00:44:37
always respected him for this, when Nikita00:44:42
Khrushchev found out about the death of Kennedy, he was00:44:44
literally shocked, he arrived at the00:44:47
American embassy and was00:44:49
the first to send condolences a year later,00:44:54
Khrushchev was with him, seven years later he00:44:56
would die if it were for disrespect for00:45:01
humanity,00:45:02
if it weren’t for the faith in a better future that00:45:05
he shared, we get it and perhaps the00:45:08
world in which we live would not exist Athena,00:45:11
fortunately, personal grievances were forgotten, the weapons00:45:14
were laid down and the desire for peace00:45:16
was buried by the greatest confrontation in history,00:45:19
I am Gerald macro not until we00:45:26
meet again00:45:28
executive producers God jaf00:45:31
Gerald Abrams the film was translated and00:45:33
voiced by the company00:45:34
intro stone ok chance 200500:45:40
[music]00:45:52
[music]Description:
Холодная война, железный занавес, принцип домино… Мы стали забывать выражения, которые знал наизусть каждый, кто застал годы непримиримой борьбы советских коммунистов и американских демократов. Олицетворением двух противостоящих миров и двух взаимоисключающих идеологий стали Никита Хрущев и Джон Кеннеди. Перед ними стояли неразрешимые проблемы, поле борьбы раскинулось огромное, а конфликт казался глубоко личным. Неуклюжий сын крестьянина и благообразный аристократ: их разделяло нечто большее, чем столкновение интересов двух стран. Борьба противоположностей: от кубинского кризиса до космической гонки, от резких ультиматумов до взаимного уважения…
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