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Download "Неолитическая революция. Первые скотоводы, земледельцы, ремесленники", История России 6 класс ч.1."

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Table of contents
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Table of contents

0:00
Начало
0:17
Зарождение земледелия, скотоводства и ремесла
3:58
Начало распада первобытного общества
8:11
Появление первых городов
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Video tags
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Video tags

#учебниквслух
аудио уроки
школьный учебник
история россии
6 класс
торкунов
неолитическая революция
первые скотоводы
первые земледельцы
первые ремесленники
первые города
вожди и старейшины племён
Subtitles
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Subtitles

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  • ruRussian
Download
00:00:00
with you channel textbook aloud history of
00:00:04
Russia 6th grade lesson topic
00:00:07
Neolithic revolution the first cattle breeders
00:00:10
and farmers and artisans the
00:00:14
origins of agriculture and cattle breeding and
00:00:16
crafts
00:00:17
approximately 5-6 thousand years ago in the south of
00:00:21
our country agriculture gradually emerged,
00:00:23
that is, cultivation of the land for the
00:00:26
purpose of growing agricultural
00:00:28
plants, a person noticed that the
00:00:31
fruits and seeds of wild plants that were not eaten by him and fell into the ground
00:00:34
sprout,
00:00:37
then he began to collect, plant and
00:00:39
grow the largest seeds,
00:00:42
special tools appeared for
00:00:45
cultivating the land, hoes with stone
00:00:47
tips,
00:00:48
following the dog,
00:00:51
domesticated goats,
00:00:55
sheep and pigs were tamed by humans back in the Paleolithic. and cows, one of the most
00:00:59
important events was the domestication of the
00:01:01
horse,
00:01:02
which for the first time in the world occurred in the southern
00:01:05
Urals; hunting was replaced by
00:01:09
cattle breeding, that is, animal breeding
00:01:12
began a gradual transition from
00:01:14
appropriation to the production of necessary
00:01:17
products; all these changes occurred
00:01:21
during the Neolithic period;
00:01:22
therefore, scientists called the transition of man
00:01:26
from appropriating to the producing
00:01:28
economy, the
00:01:30
Neolithic revolution was based on the
00:01:33
development of agriculture and
00:01:35
cattle breeding,
00:01:37
people learned to burn clay and
00:01:40
make ceramic dishes, spin
00:01:43
fibers and weave, sew clothes from fabric,
00:01:47
ceramics and fabric were the first
00:01:49
materials that man made
00:01:52
himself, great changes in people's lives
00:01:55
occurred with the beginning of metal processing
00:01:58
copper and bronze later, iron and
00:02:02
metal tools greatly
00:02:04
facilitated human labor, especially in
00:02:07
agriculture, people began to produce
00:02:10
much more products than required
00:02:13
for their own consumption, they
00:02:15
had surpluses,
00:02:17
the appearance of surpluses allowed tribes to
00:02:20
exchange products,
00:02:23
agricultural tribes began to separate
00:02:25
from pastoral tribes, the transition of people to one
00:02:28
or another type of activity
00:02:30
depended on natural and climatic
00:02:32
conditions of the territory in which they
00:02:35
lived in the northern forest regions of the
00:02:38
European part of modern Russia and in
00:02:41
Siberia, the population for a long time was engaged in
00:02:44
hunting, fishing and gathering;
00:02:47
pastoral tribes mastered the steppe
00:02:51
expanses and switched to a nomadic way of
00:02:53
life; agricultural tribes settled in the forest-steppe zone;
00:02:57
they switched to a
00:03:00
stable sedentary life, they had
00:03:03
settlements similar to cities with the advent of the
00:03:08
iron ax, agriculture began to
00:03:10
spread not only in the forest-steppe
00:03:13
but also in the forest zone of our country, to
00:03:16
cultivate the land, instead of a hoe, they began to
00:03:19
use a plow with an iron plowshare,
00:03:21
cutting the earth partly into the plow, they harnessed
00:03:25
domestic animals, processing iron and
00:03:28
making it adds different objects to
00:03:31
people with special skills,
00:03:34
blacksmiths appeared,
00:03:37
in addition to them there were tributes, charms
00:03:39
making dishes on a potter's
00:03:42
wheel, weavers making fabrics, these people
00:03:46
produced products for the entire tribe and
00:03:49
often did not engage in agricultural
00:03:51
work, they were called artisans,
00:03:55
the beginning of the collapse of primitive society,
00:03:59
great changes took place in the
00:04:02
organization of people's lives in tribal
00:04:05
communities and tribes, elders and leaders stood out;
00:04:09
these were people who enjoyed
00:04:12
universal respect and were chosen by everyone in the
00:04:15
Komi community;
00:04:16
elders supervised joint
00:04:19
work; supervised exchanges with other
00:04:22
tribes; ensured that people did not violate the
00:04:25
established order; performed
00:04:28
religious rites;
00:04:30
leaders raised fellow tribesmen for protection
00:04:33
from enemies; led military campaigns
00:04:36
In this way, the elders and leaders
00:04:39
ruled their fellow tribesmen with the
00:04:43
emergence of surpluses and the development of exchange, the
00:04:46
elders and leaders were able to
00:04:49
concentrate large reserves in their hands;
00:04:51
they stood out not so much
00:04:54
for their authority as for the accumulated
00:04:57
wealth that they passed on to their
00:04:59
children; there
00:05:01
was no equality between people in
00:05:05
the communities; there were now rich people both poor
00:05:07
noble people and ordinary community members,
00:05:11
social inequality appeared, the
00:05:14
accumulation of significant valuables in
00:05:17
some tribes caused others to want to
00:05:20
take them away, in connection with this,
00:05:23
military clashes often arose between
00:05:25
tribes,
00:05:26
captured enemies were no longer killed, but
00:05:30
turned into slaves,
00:05:32
noble and rich people became the owners of slaves
00:05:34
now they could not
00:05:37
work for them, slaves worked,
00:05:40
exploitation was born, that is, the
00:05:43
appropriation of the results of other people's labor,
00:05:46
the improvement of tools of labor allowed
00:05:49
individuals to manage their households
00:05:52
independently, tribal ties weakened,
00:05:55
often individual families left their
00:05:58
fellow tribesmen and settled in foreign communities, the
00:06:01
tribal community was replaced by the neighboring
00:06:06
territorial one the community of people was
00:06:09
united not by blood relationship,
00:06:11
but by living together in a certain
00:06:14
territory,
00:06:15
gradually several villages of the communities
00:06:18
united under the constant authority of the
00:06:21
supreme leader; such a unification,
00:06:24
scientists call it Christmas; there
00:06:28
was already social inequality; a
00:06:30
higher position in this
00:06:33
association was occupied by those who were
00:06:36
closer relatives of the leader; tribes that
00:06:39
had close ties
00:06:42
unions of tribes united with each other, unions of tribes were
00:06:46
consolidated in a certain territory
00:06:49
which they considered theirs and defended it
00:06:52
from the attacks of neighbors. At the head of the union
00:06:56
were people for whom managing
00:06:59
their land and its protection was the
00:07:02
main occupation;
00:07:03
rulers; they established general and
00:07:07
binding rules of conduct;
00:07:10
laws and monitored their implementation;
00:07:14
violators of the law were punished in order to
00:07:18
control people and impose
00:07:21
their will on them, that is, to exercise power;
00:07:23
rulers created special
00:07:26
armed detachments; all these changes
00:07:29
led to the gradual collapse of the
00:07:31
primitive communal system and the emergence of a
00:07:34
new form of organizing people’s lives;
00:07:38
primitive society
00:07:40
was replaced by states in the process the
00:07:43
dying out of tribal relations, people
00:07:46
living in large territories
00:07:49
ceased to feel like relatives or
00:07:51
fellow tribesmen, the formation of a
00:07:54
people of a nationality or ethnic group took place,
00:07:58
each people spoke their own language,
00:08:01
lived on their own territory, three
00:08:04
were connected by a common economic and
00:08:07
cultural life, the
00:08:09
emergence of the first cities
00:08:12
in the southern Urals at the end of the 20th century, archaeologists
00:08:16
discovered the country of cities was the name given to
00:08:19
the territory where fortified settlements appeared about 4 thousand years ago;
00:08:25
they all looked alike; their
00:08:28
population had the same culture;
00:08:31
the very first of these cities appeared
00:08:34
when the pyramids were built in ancient Egypt; in
00:08:37
all cities,
00:08:41
traces of the metallurgical production of products developed for their time were found
00:08:46
from bronze, the
00:08:48
workshops of potters, saddlers, made
00:08:51
leather goods, and so on, in one of the
00:08:55
cities there was a storm sewer outside the
00:08:58
city limits, pens for animals were built, the
00:09:02
remains of a dam were found, dams from
00:09:06
water canals in the country of cities,
00:09:09
archaeologists found the oldest
00:09:12
chariot known today, the most
00:09:15
famous settlement of the countries and cities
00:09:17
is Arkaim, the city was surrounded by
00:09:20
double ring walls between them, there was a
00:09:24
road from it, straight streets, a
00:09:28
large central square, city
00:09:31
walls, dwellings and public buildings were
00:09:34
made of sun-dried bricks
00:09:37
and logs, the city had a primitive
00:09:40
water supply system, using the remains found, scientists
00:09:44
restored the appearance of the inhabitants of Arkaim, they
00:09:47
turned out to be Caucasians, let's
00:09:50
summarize the
00:09:52
improvement of tools and tribal
00:09:55
relations of people who settled on the
00:09:58
territory of our country, had the same
00:10:00
stages and features as in other
00:10:03
areas of the world, the
00:10:04
transition to a productive economy led
00:10:07
to a sharp acceleration of historical
00:10:10
development

Description:

00:00 - Начало 00:17 - Зарождение земледелия, скотоводства и ремесла 03:58 - Начало распада первобытного общества 08:11 - Появление первых городов "Учебник вслух" - это параграфы, статьи и произведения из школьных учебников. Плейлисты по каждому конкретному учебнику! Сайт канала - www.uchebnikvsluh.ru

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