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Previous video: Новгородская республика. Господин Великий Новгород. (рус.) История средних веков Next video: Крестовые походы / Уроки Истории / МИНАЕВ

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37:00

Почему отмена рабства в Бразилии стала выгодна плантаторам

40:03

Бостонское чаепитие и бойкот чая в Американских колониях

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Кофеиновая зависимость в Америке

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Джордж Вашингтон и растворимый кофе

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Кофе во время Второй мировой войны

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История кофе в России

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Культовая кофейня Сайгон

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Роль кофе в истории человечества

Крестовые походы / Уроки Истории / МИНАЕВ

Крестовые походы / Уроки Истории / МИНАЕВ

Channel: МИНАЕВ LIVE

Новгородская республика. Господин Великий Новгород. (рус.) История средних веков

Новгородская республика. Господин Великий Новгород. (рус.) История средних веков

Channel: Уроки истории Питона Каа

Секретные методы сахарного лобби | ФАЙБ

Секретные методы сахарного лобби | ФАЙБ

Channel: Файб

УГОЛЬ: История прорыва / Простовещи / МИНАЕВ

УГОЛЬ: История прорыва / Простовещи / МИНАЕВ

Channel: МИНАЕВ LIVE

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00:00:04

coffee station

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major coffee league

00:00:11

bork thoughtful superiority

00:00:17

of coffee is an amazing drink that

00:00:21

warms the whole world these are the words of one of the

00:00:23

greatest philosophers of the era of enlightenment,

00:00:25

David Hume, billions of people around the world

00:00:28

start their morning or go to work with a

00:00:31

cup of coffee drink for many it

00:00:34

has become a real tradition and who - I’m

00:00:36

so addicted to coffee and pour myself

00:00:39

so many cups at any time of the day that

00:00:41

from the outside it seems like an addiction; there are

00:00:44

hundreds of ways to make coffee,

00:00:46

espresso cappuccino, lad tirov, etc., the

00:00:49

beans differ in the degree of roasting and even the

00:00:52

basic approach to consumption; someone

00:00:55

prefers to enjoy the smell of

00:00:56

fresh roasted beans as I now

00:00:59

enjoy, by the way, someone

00:01:01

prefers to meditatively brew them in a

00:01:03

Turk, and for others, a couple of

00:01:05

spoons from a can of instant coffee is enough just

00:01:08

to get a boost of energy;

00:01:09

coffee is different and evokes different emotions;

00:01:12

sometimes you get the feeling that it’s not just

00:01:14

morning habits but our whole life

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was saturated with the smell of coffee, as if the world

00:01:19

had become like the age-old coffee-drinking boy

00:01:22

from the TV series South Park, all twitchy in a

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state of permanent nervous

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excitement, and about, well, naturally, coffee

00:01:27

unites and it’s not just about successful

00:01:29

dates, the phrase let’s go get coffee now

00:01:32

sounds a little Isn’t it more common than let’s go

00:01:35

and smoke the social function of coffee? Obviously,

00:01:37

it has certainly become part of not only

00:01:39

the diet but also modern urban

00:01:41

culture. We won’t now tell

00:01:44

horror stories about the effect of coffee on

00:01:45

human health and on one’s heart rate. There

00:01:48

were more harmful substances in our cycle.

00:01:50

Today we will try to explain. how coffee

00:01:53

became synonymous with our vigor and how

00:01:55

dancing goats helped this, why

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you could be

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drowned in the Bosphorus for drinking this drink and how coffee beans

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managed to wean people from drinking in the morning and

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finally, we’ll talk about how a resident of the

00:02:07

Soviet Union, in conditions of coffee

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shortage, managed to survive decades

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spread the love for this undoubtedly

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great drink, we’ll talk about this

00:02:15

right now in the new issue of our

00:02:18

series, simple things that I do

00:02:20

together with my friend Alexander, files, don’t

00:02:21

forget to subscribe to his channel,

00:02:23

link in the description,

00:02:24

history of coffee, we begin

00:02:27

how exactly the miraculous

00:02:30

properties of coffee were discovered for certain unknown, but

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there is a bright and beautiful legend, once upon a time there

00:02:36

was a shepherd in the territory of modern

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Ethiopia, and then one day he

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sat down and at that time his skin disappeared somewhere, obviously the shepherd was very

00:02:47

scared, but his fear became even greater

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when the goats were found, they stood in a

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lonely clearing in the middle tropical

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thickets, were some grains alive and

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dancing on two legs, imagine

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you have been herding goats all your life and one

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fine day you softened a little in the

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sun, fell asleep under a tree and then,

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opening your eyes, you see your goats dancing in front of you,

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chewing something your reaction will be

00:03:17

natural Ethiopian to the stock

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seriously drifted he decided that the grains were

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cursed and took them to the nearest monastery, do

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not forget that Ethiopia is a

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Christian country, the abbot of the monastery decided that

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they are no worse than goats, God does not

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forbid dancing, so you need to check the effect of the

00:03:36

magic grains on yourself in As a result, they

00:03:39

received such a charge of vivacity that

00:03:42

the rest of the monk was strongly

00:03:44

recommended to drink a decoction of these

00:03:47

strange grains before the night service.

00:03:49

The news about the very vigorous monastery quickly

00:03:52

spread throughout the surrounding area and the magic

00:03:55

grains soon spread throughout

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Ethiopia, and over time,

00:03:59

other peoples of the east also appreciated the coffee grains.

00:04:02

It’s amazing that

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the history of coffee that has come down to us

00:04:06

seems to begin only in the new era. The

00:04:09

homeland of coffee, Ethiopia, was not that long. The

00:04:12

length of the centers of civilization should have

00:04:15

preserved at least some evidence of an

00:04:17

older history. This question

00:04:20

was asked by scientists in the 17th and 18th centuries, one

00:04:23

of them claimed that not a pint was a mixture of

00:04:26

some grains and wine that the

00:04:27

ancient Greeks periodically drank; the

00:04:30

remedy for sadness was nothing more than

00:04:33

coffee; other authors persistently tried to find

00:04:36

coffee roots in the Bible; someone

00:04:39

saw coffee among the gifts of David’s second wife,

00:04:42

Abigael; one Protestant preacher

00:04:44

believed that coffee was the red stew for

00:04:48

which Esau sold his birthright,

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why is everyone so obsessed with the mention of

00:04:54

coffee in the Bible, everyone just remember the story

00:04:58

about potatoes, at first it scared everyone,

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one of the reasons that the group did

00:05:02

not accept it, although with great difficulty,

00:05:04

was that it was in the Holy Scriptures

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nothing is said about potato tubers and there

00:05:10

is no Bible, it is not worthy of consumption,

00:05:13

that is, in order to legalize something it

00:05:16

was necessary to find at least some signs of this

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product in the Bible, so for coffee

00:05:23

they tried to come up with a long ancient or

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biblical pedigree, otherwise why

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drink it at all, but let’s return to real

00:05:32

story: as soon as the Ethiopians discovered coffee,

00:05:34

the drink quickly crossed a narrow strip of the

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Red Sea and fell into the hands of slaves, they quickly

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became addicted to the invigorating drink and

00:05:42

began to grow coffee trees in the

00:05:44

nearby mountains, calling them like you, which is where the

00:05:48

name coffee came from, and then

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coffee was lucky, the dawn of Arab

00:05:53

civilization pushed the popularity of

00:05:55

everything that was in demand in this

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region, coffee became fashionable, such

00:06:02

luminaries of medicine as Avicenna and once

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paid special attention to the drink and

00:06:08

described its beneficial properties. The process

00:06:10

in his treatises wrote that coffee is very

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good for the stomach,

00:06:14

but Avicenna assured that the grains cleanse the

00:06:18

skin, drying out the moisture that under it

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is located and gives an excellent smell to the

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whole body, however, the great doctor made

00:06:25

one serious mistake, he believed that coffee

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was made from the roots, but if you look at the

00:06:31

picture from a wider angle, even in

00:06:35

this era, coffee remained at best a

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tincture and the beans were most often

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chewed raw as those goats only by the 15th century,

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after 500 years, the situation will change;

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someone’s name is not known for certain; it

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occurred to them not just to roast

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grains, but also to brew a drink from them, and

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there is another legend about this: one

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mufti from Yemen after a long

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journey through foreign countries

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felt unwell as a

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cure for himself, he considered only one

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remedy, a new popular drink

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that was so loved in his homeland, the

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drink was brewed and to the surprise of those around him,

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coffee helped him feel better, the

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muff was a respected and

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influential person, and if something becomes

00:07:22

popular among the elite, then there is a trend

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sectors, as it were, they now said that wait for the

00:07:28

rapid popularity among the people of coffee in the

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form in which we know it, the Arabs have finally

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been born,

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they understand the main advantage of coffee, it

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tones up

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even if due to hot weather or other

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reasons you feel lethargic and unwell,

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the drink will quickly lead you to feeling in

00:07:47

Islam is a mystical movement of Sufism and

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its representatives quickly appreciated this

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superpower of coffee; midnight prayers on

00:07:55

the table were light and relaxed, although

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at first coffee was considered a medicine or an

00:08:00

assistant in religious rituals, soon

00:08:02

coffee began to be introduced into everyday life;

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wealthy people equipped their

00:08:07

homes with a special coffee room

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intended for ceremonial cafes

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drink and at the end of the 15th century, Muslim

00:08:15

pilgrims decided to try the sampling method

00:08:19

and, before launching mass

00:08:21

trade in grains, they began to introduce coffee to the

00:08:24

entire Islamic world and you know, people

00:08:27

liked it; the benefits from trading a new

00:08:29

product became obvious, but along with the

00:08:32

growing popularity,

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I felt it more and more keenly the need for special

00:08:36

places for coffee ceremonies, this is how

00:08:38

coffee shops appeared, coffee houses that

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were destined to become an important layer of

00:08:42

world culture, but at first, as

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often happens, everything did not go according to plan,

00:08:46

Arab coffee houses seemed to the rulers and

00:08:48

their close associates a place of debauchery, well, there

00:08:51

was a complete set of gambling,

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financial fraud and all sorts of different

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sexual practices, you yourself understand

00:08:58

the image of coffee houses in the Islamic world

00:09:00

was formed, well, not to say that it was

00:09:02

positive, but in the eyes of the clergy, of

00:09:05

course, however, most of all the ruler of the

00:09:07

Arab world was irritated no, one

00:09:09

ruler of the mark found out that some

00:09:12

troublemaker thought it was funny to write

00:09:14

satirical poems about him, moreover the

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source of the spread of

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this political satire was established; he was located

00:09:21

right in one of the cafes and the holy

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city for Muslims;

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the ruler did not tolerate such disdain for his person; he did

00:09:26

not think for long; he declared that

00:09:28

coffee, like wine, should be prohibited; for

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wounds, coffee actually changes a

00:09:33

person’s consciousness; it intoxicates his mind and,

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accordingly, it is haram, but coffee had its

00:09:38

own lobbyists who sincerely

00:09:41

loved him; the unofficial party of

00:09:43

coffee supporters entered into a theological dispute with

00:09:46

opponents of the drink and, to the surprise of

00:09:47

many, won in an open and honest

00:09:50

debate; they were able to prove that coffee does not

00:09:53

make a person’s consciousness more cloudy, but

00:09:55

exactly the opposite clarifies it, this is a doping

00:09:58

for the mind that allows you to feel a

00:09:59

surge of energy and a surge of strength without obvious

00:10:02

side effects, this is what

00:10:05

the Arabs believed quite sincerely, who, of

00:10:07

course, were not familiar with later

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medical research, as a result,

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religious barriers were overcome and the

00:10:13

path of coffee into the hearts and stomachs of Muslims

00:10:16

was opened finally and irrevocably,

00:10:18

but the opponents of the grains did not calm down,

00:10:21

other Arab rulers and religious

00:10:23

leaders continued their attacks on coffee,

00:10:26

here there were no religious

00:10:27

overtones, politics

00:10:29

and an attempt to delay popular

00:10:32

discontent came to the fore, the Grand Vizier of the Ottoman

00:10:33

Empire, Mehmet Tuplu loved, is known for

00:10:36

independently measuring public

00:10:39

sentiment in at that time, it’s clear that there

00:10:43

were no sociological surveys with an adequate sample; the grand

00:10:45

vizier analyzed popular rumors

00:10:47

based on the conversations of ordinary people, as he

00:10:50

did once; he dressed up as

00:10:51

commoners and went to coffee shops to

00:10:53

listen with his own ears to what the

00:10:56

regions were saying; well, I think that you understand very well

00:10:58

weasel not I heard

00:11:00

not a single kind word about his rule in

00:11:02

coffee shops, he was sterile right and left,

00:11:05

it frightened Mehmed so much that he

00:11:08

decided not to change anything in the style of the rule,

00:11:10

but he ordered coffee to be banned from anyone who was

00:11:15

caught drinking a cup of coffee; the violator was brutally beaten by

00:11:17

repeat offenders who were caught

00:11:19

drinking at the cafe the second time they were sewn up in

00:11:22

leather bags and thrown into the Bosphorus, but

00:11:25

despite this, people were not afraid of the

00:11:26

forbidden fruit, as you know it is sweet, and

00:11:29

many lovers continued to secretly drink

00:11:31

coffee, in the end the ban was lifted, we

00:11:35

see that time after time coffee turned out to be

00:11:37

stronger than the desire of the authorities to ban it, but the

00:11:40

desire of ordinary coffee lovers alone was not

00:11:42

enough; coffee shops had influential

00:11:45

patrons. In these establishments, people

00:11:47

gathered not only for idle conversations;

00:11:49

entertainment; there were huge

00:11:51

trade deals that influenced the entire

00:11:53

Ottoman Empire; add here poets and

00:11:56

musicians who found under the roofs of

00:11:58

caffeine a place where they could create without

00:12:01

threat religious condemnation, coffee

00:12:03

becomes such an important part of

00:12:05

urban life, as we have just said, an

00:12:08

important part for the middle class that

00:12:10

dinner in the Ottoman Empire, the right

00:12:12

to divorce appeared if husbands could not provide

00:12:15

them with the necessary amount of coffee, after

00:12:18

this tons of grain had to pour into Turkey

00:12:21

and the Ottomans achieved their goal

00:12:24

1530 they capture Yemen the main

00:12:28

center of the coffee industry coffee beans

00:12:31

become one of the most important

00:12:33

Ottoman exports the Yemeni port mocha

00:12:36

becomes fat the lowest point on the map of

00:12:38

world trade from here coffee will

00:12:40

spread throughout the world without any

00:12:42

alternatives for almost

00:12:45

two centuries the famous name of coffee

00:12:48

Mocha originates from here in

00:12:51

Yemen, the Turks were afraid of death from their

00:12:53

competitors and jealously buried the secret of

00:12:55

coffee; allowing you to grow suddenly in

00:12:57

their regions was tantamount to suicide; they

00:13:01

began to release their key trade

00:13:03

advantage; the path from India to Europe,

00:13:05

between which the Ottoman Empire itself was located,

00:13:07

this path ceased

00:13:09

to be the only gold mine due to the

00:13:11

great geographical discoveries, therefore

00:13:14

coffee berries were not allowed to be exported from

00:13:16

the country unless they were previously

00:13:19

pitivi or partially fried so that

00:13:21

God forbid they sprouted somewhere else, but the

00:13:24

coffee still found its way to Europe and the

00:13:26

Europeans were eastern friends

00:13:28

fell in love with the drink very quickly,

00:13:31

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00:13:39

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00:13:44

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00:13:45

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00:13:48

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00:13:50

one Of the largest South Korean

00:13:52

manufacturers of contact lenses, many

00:13:54

use lenses that were

00:13:57

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00:13:58

possible to choose more

00:14:00

technologically advanced and affordable analogues.

00:14:02

Adria daily lenses, for example, cost

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00:14:09

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while Audrey the same soft, transparent and

00:14:16

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00:14:18

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00:14:24

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00:14:27

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[music]

00:15:27

coffee came to Europe thanks to the war

00:15:30

during the Turkish siege of Malta in 1565,

00:15:33

Europeans noticed that captured Turks

00:15:36

could not live without a strange bitter

00:15:38

drink and just like in the Ottoman

00:15:40

Empire the final word was with the

00:15:43

clergy, the clergy wondered

00:15:45

whether Christians could

00:15:48

drink this brew of infidels, the issue

00:15:51

had to be resolved at the highest level,

00:15:54

Catholic priests turned to

00:15:56

Pope Clement the Eighth with a request to

00:15:59

ban this drink, they argued

00:16:02

that coffee for Christians is a trap

00:16:05

set by Satan himself, but the Pope

00:16:10

He turned out to be a far-sighted man,

00:16:12

he, like the Ethiopian monks, could not resist and

00:16:15

decided to test the effect of coffee on his

00:16:17

feet, this is really a trap of Satan,

00:16:20

the result was amazing, after drinking a mug of

00:16:22

coffee, Pope Clement said that this, as

00:16:25

his subordinates claimed, the satanic

00:16:27

drink is so delicious that it

00:16:30

would be a crime to

00:16:32

farm it out only Gentiles should deceive

00:16:35

Satan, illuminate coffee and make a

00:16:38

truly Christian drink out of it, once again

00:16:41

coffee is officially blessed and

00:16:44

declared harmless by the Pope himself, a

00:16:47

case for history

00:16:50

initially unheard of, coffee, like many other

00:16:52

exotic things, was perceived as an

00:16:55

expensive medicine for the rich, however, during the

00:16:58

second half of the 17th century it turned

00:17:00

from exotic into a still strong but quite

00:17:03

popular product, one of the centers of the

00:17:06

coffee business was Italian Venice,

00:17:09

along the streets of this city,

00:17:12

drink sellers moved back and forth, alcohol,

00:17:14

lemonade and coffee were always in their

00:17:18

assortment in 1683, an

00:17:21

event happened in Venice that would mark the beginning the

00:17:23

first cafe is opening for a new type of establishment; it

00:17:27

seemed to someone that the

00:17:29

consonance of the words coffee and cafe was accidental;

00:17:32

this is not so; the creators of the cafe

00:17:36

were certainly inspired by coffee; but the main

00:17:39

center of the coffee business will not be Italy

00:17:41

or France; surprisingly, the idea of

00:17:44

creating caffeine came there later than on

00:17:47

one island on in the north of Europe, England in the

00:17:50

seventeenth century became a real paradise

00:17:52

for coffee lovers, if before the island was

00:17:54

literally drowned in or then from the moment

00:17:57

coffee arrived in Britain everything

00:17:59

changed dramatically and here’s the thing, have you

00:18:03

ever wondered why people in

00:18:05

ancient times loved to drink properly, the

00:18:07

Egyptians and Babylonians preferred beer the

00:18:10

Greeks and Romans

00:18:13

chose wine why it was impossible to just

00:18:16

drink water one of the reasons for the ancient love of

00:18:19

alcohol is that drinking plain water

00:18:21

was simply dangerous; in alcoholic

00:18:24

drinks the threat of intestinal infections was sharply

00:18:27

reduced therefore our ancestors willingly

00:18:30

drank weak alcohol or drinks with

00:18:32

boiled water and so on the island where the people are

00:18:35

accustomed to getting drunk and unconscious, a

00:18:38

drink arrives that does not cloud

00:18:41

the mind but, on the contrary,

00:18:42

clears it. If earlier the workers, their

00:18:46

apprentices, were a little

00:18:48

under the spell in the morning, now they were quite alert

00:18:52

and ready for work and defense.

00:18:55

The historian Michelet described the advent of coffee as a

00:18:58

great revolution of the time. an event

00:19:01

that created new customs and even changed

00:19:05

human temperament, although the

00:19:07

English coffee houses themselves were more reminiscent of

00:19:09

ordinary taverns and pubs, a contemporary wrote

00:19:12

that a typical coffee shop is like a rat's

00:19:15

role in a ruined cheese factory with a constant

00:19:18

turnover of people, heated arguments and

00:19:21

tobacco smoke, and it is precisely the participants in

00:19:23

the disputes that interest us most of all

00:19:27

coffee houses were constantly opening at

00:19:29

universities one of the first coffee shops in

00:19:31

England appeared in Oxford with

00:19:33

universities something unprecedented happened

00:19:35

coffee houses violated the centuries-old monopoly on

00:19:38

knowledge any professor or thinker you

00:19:42

go to a coffee shop and find an appreciative

00:19:45

audience there mina in coffee houses throughout Europe an

00:19:48

intellectual layer was formed

00:19:50

thanks to which social and

00:19:53

technological progress was moving forward,

00:19:56

the concentration of smart people per square

00:19:59

meter there was simply off the charts, and

00:20:01

even this is not all the controversy lectures dating,

00:20:05

as they would now say,

00:20:07

networking coffee shops became places for

00:20:10

financial and trading

00:20:12

transactions, some establishments eventually

00:20:15

reoriented towards clients with

00:20:17

money, Lloyd's coffee shops were opened in London

00:20:20

and over time it grew into

00:20:23

one of the world's most famous

00:20:25

insurance markets Loys another Jonathan's coffee shop

00:20:28

became the center of financial

00:20:31

transactions it was the Jonathan's building that would be

00:20:34

founded the London Stock Exchange

00:20:36

coffee shops as a point of attraction for people

00:20:38

who love and know how to make

00:20:41

money have changed people so much

00:20:44

that they can separate themselves from the drink

00:20:47

be considered an outstanding phenomenon of history,

00:20:50

however, here, too, there were dissatisfied people in

00:20:53

England, a company of officials who were,

00:20:55

as usual, not delighted with the coffee shops; the

00:20:57

women made up the thing is that

00:21:00

English coffee shops were very different from the

00:21:03

caffeine on the European continent; if in

00:21:06

establishments in France or Italy

00:21:10

no one prohibited women from entering, then in the British

00:21:12

on the islands, it was an exclusively men’s

00:21:15

club, such discrimination, but that’s

00:21:17

not so bad, the main problem for women was

00:21:20

something else. The British petition was preserved in the archives

00:21:23

until the end of the 17th century. The main

00:21:26

complaint of the coffee shops was that

00:21:28

men spent so much time there

00:21:31

that women began to doubt their

00:21:34

masculine strength. we are not inventing anything here is a

00:21:38

direct quote lately we have

00:21:41

seen a very noticeable decline in this

00:21:43

truth and the star of English strength never

00:21:46

before have people worn larger breeches

00:21:49

and worn them with less than their

00:21:52

natural strength we promise they believed that coffee

00:21:55

takes away the potency in their husbands you can

00:21:59

submit a similar petition

00:22:00

Russian women about garages, but we did

00:22:04

n’t find one like that a year later, to women in

00:22:06

the attack on coffee shops to join the

00:22:08

role of his male potency was of

00:22:11

little concern then, the Stuart dynasty on the

00:22:14

throne had completely different problems,

00:22:16

as in the east, caffeine regulars

00:22:19

were suspected of conspiracies and all sorts of

00:22:21

bad deeds, and Stuart and most of all

00:22:24

they did not want to allow new revolutions, the

00:22:26

coffee shops began to press and crush a

00:22:30

howl arose from all over London, a

00:22:33

week later it began to seem that the monarchy

00:22:36

could again be demolished by everyone because of a cup of coffee

00:22:39

two days before the proclamation was

00:22:42

supposed to come into force, the king

00:22:44

retreated coffee defeated the monarchy after 12

00:22:48

years, erased, they will still be asked to leave the throne, and they

00:22:51

only began to drink coffee more on

00:22:54

the continent; the path of coffee was also curious;

00:22:56

in 1683, the Ottoman army besieged

00:22:59

Vienna; it seemed there was no salvation, but then the

00:23:03

Polish army arrived to the rescue with

00:23:05

its winged hussars; the Turks were

00:23:08

defeated and abandoned everything

00:23:12

camels, rice,

00:23:14

gold and 500 huge bags filled with

00:23:18

strange grains fell into the hands of the Europeans when the inhabitants of Vienna

00:23:20

decided that this was just food for camels,

00:23:23

they began to simply burn the bags, but then

00:23:25

Georg Kalnitsky, who had lived for many years in

00:23:29

Islamic countries, realized that the Austrians were

00:23:32

making a huge mistake, he stopped

00:23:34

it madness and instead of burning beans, he

00:23:37

opened the first coffee shop in Vienna called the

00:23:40

blue bottle. According to

00:23:43

legend, it was a collegiate who had the idea of adding

00:23:46

milk to coffee, now you know who to

00:23:49

blame for this, the love of southern Europeans and Arabs

00:23:52

for black coffee and taste complaints for

00:23:55

milk lovers are also explained from a scientific

00:23:59

point of view that lactose intolerance is more common among southern peoples,

00:24:01

and that

00:24:04

northern Europeans love and appreciate milk

00:24:07

and, most importantly, tolerate it; back to

00:24:10

Vienna, over the course of several decades,

00:24:12

the main city of Austria turned into the

00:24:15

coffee capital of Europe; in exquisite

00:24:18

establishments, they gathered to write or

00:24:20

musicians, and not just about anything; they argued

00:24:23

until they screamed and, of course, demonstrated their

00:24:26

masterpieces, the golden age of Austrian culture

00:24:28

would not have happened without coffee, but

00:24:32

Austria’s northern neighbor looked at this matter from a

00:24:34

different angle. You must remember our

00:24:37

old friend, King of Prussia, Frederick

00:24:39

the Great, who successfully introduced

00:24:42

potatoes, and so in his country, coffee is also

00:24:46

beginning to spread actively and the

00:24:48

Prussian king like other monarchs,

00:24:50

he looked at what was happening with maximum

00:24:53

skepticism, in the end he stepped on the

00:24:56

same rake, the great reformer and warrior

00:24:58

Frederick decided that coffee should be banned for

00:25:02

many reasons, from the desire to stop

00:25:06

importing expensive goods abroad

00:25:07

to banal contempt for the drink for the

00:25:11

elite, Frederick was unshakable the Germans

00:25:14

should drink beer as long as the role

00:25:18

softened a little and allowed the roasting of grains, but

00:25:20

only in special state

00:25:22

roasting points, now such a situation is

00:25:25

even impossible to imagine, a

00:25:27

restriction on the harsher than the sale of

00:25:29

alcohol in some Sweden, as

00:25:32

a result, people went to great lengths,

00:25:34

the Germans began to drink chicory,

00:25:36

dried figs and all sorts replace others,

00:25:39

or when they got a couple of coffee

00:25:42

beans, then special government agents tried to track them down by smell; they were

00:25:47

nicknamed sniffers or beans, but even

00:25:50

despite all these rather crazy

00:25:52

restrictions, snug coffee survived and today

00:25:56

the Germans calmly start the day with a cup of

00:25:58

aromatic drink in a coffee shop

00:26:00

formed in in Europe, not just

00:26:03

leisure centers, they became a cultural magnet and

00:26:06

laid the foundation for many innovations;

00:26:08

such a seemingly small thing as a

00:26:11

coffee bean seemed to have a gigantic

00:26:14

influence on European enlightenment,

00:26:17

but one problem remained unresolved;

00:26:20

Europe, like a drug addict, sat on the supply of

00:26:23

coffee from the Ottoman Empire for the Europeans

00:26:27

who imagined themselves to be the masters of this world,

00:26:30

not without reason, it should be noted that such

00:26:33

a situation was simply impossible

00:26:37

1699, the most important year in the history of coffee, the

00:26:40

Dutch secretly managed to bring

00:26:43

coffee beans out of Yemen for planting, the

00:26:46

Ottoman monopoly officially

00:26:48

ended, the Dutch were generally

00:26:50

pioneers of coffee jam already at the beginning of the 17th

00:26:53

century, coffee entered the country but some

00:26:57

no interesting stories happened there for almost a century then the Netherlands went

00:27:01

crazy for tulips they were for coffee this is a

00:27:03

separate story with stock exchanges tulips

00:27:05

influence tulips economy in general it is

00:27:07

quite such a strong fat block

00:27:09

which later we will probably say well, when

00:27:12

returning coffee the Dutch decided to

00:27:14

use it as a location for

00:27:15

growing coffee island of Java now it

00:27:18

belongs to Indonesia the island was planted with

00:27:21

continuous coffee plantations that

00:27:23

remained there today

00:27:25

the Dutch East India Company

00:27:27

which owned the Indonesian colonies

00:27:29

had an important advantage in labor

00:27:32

there was no shortage if in the

00:27:35

colonies in the Western Hemisphere the

00:27:36

Europeans always had the problem of a

00:27:38

shortage of hands then the densely populated islands

00:27:41

in southeast Asia were in this regard a

00:27:43

real paradise, well, a paradise for the Dutch, of

00:27:45

course it should still be said that the

00:27:48

Dutch were quite humane

00:27:51

colonialists in comparison with, for example, the

00:27:52

French, the Portuguese or the Belgians,

00:27:55

they were simply saints because what kind of things the

00:27:57

above-mentioned comrades simply did in their colonies

00:27:59

also a separate long

00:28:02

story, but nevertheless this did not cancel the

00:28:05

grueling work for those whose

00:28:07

inhabitants were colonized and you were

00:28:09

forced every day at any time of the year

00:28:11

to trim coffee trees and pick

00:28:13

berries, the sweltering tropical heat

00:28:16

was not a reason for indulgences, Europe drank

00:28:19

coffee like crazy eyewitnesses they said that

00:28:22

while she and the species worked tirelessly,

00:28:24

their white gentlemen moved at most

00:28:27

several hours a day and this

00:28:29

continued for 150 years until the

00:28:32

Dutch official

00:28:33

Eduardo Wies Baker, also known under

00:28:35

his pseudonym Multatuli, wrote the

00:28:38

novel max heavy lar, the main character of the

00:28:41

novel, an employee of the Dutch

00:28:42

administration who sees the suffering of

00:28:44

ordinary people and he stands up against

00:28:46

injustice and begins the fight for

00:28:48

freedom in the text of the novel the author describes

00:28:51

the horrors that he himself saw during his

00:28:53

stay in Java, the

00:28:55

minimum wage, the most terrible

00:28:57

famine on the richest and most fertile

00:28:59

island, other deprivations of mothers who are

00:29:02

forced to sell their children for the sake of food the

00:29:04

whole range of horrors for the sake of comfortable

00:29:07

coffee drinking by European gentlemen, the novel

00:29:10

created an incredible furor Virlanda

00:29:13

colonial politics kingdom under

00:29:15

public pressure Ella change

00:29:17

at the same time locally, including

00:29:20

in Java, the anti-colonial movement began to gain momentum,

00:29:23

which ultimately

00:29:25

led Indonesia to independence in

00:29:29

2002 Dutch society literature

00:29:31

has declared the book to be the greatest

00:29:33

work of all time written in the

00:29:36

Dutch language, and the name of the main

00:29:38

character of the novel Maxach and Vilor

00:29:40

is considered a household name in the Netherlands;

00:29:43

there is even a trademark of the same name

00:29:45

that is used for

00:29:47

agricultural products,

00:29:48

mainly coffee, which are imported from

00:29:50

third world countries on favorable terms for them,

00:29:52

well then there is not quite for

00:29:54

nothing, but I would like it to be the east, and

00:29:57

nowadays most of the coffee is exported by the

00:30:00

countries of Latin America, how did

00:30:02

coffee get there, this is one big adventure

00:30:05

with espionage background and betrayal, it

00:30:08

was like this in 1714, the Dutch

00:30:11

gave the French government

00:30:13

healthy coffee trees as a gift

00:30:16

status can be compared with the pandas that

00:30:18

China today sends to zoos in

00:30:20

various countries, that’s how the Chinese

00:30:23

consider their pandas to be that much the Dutch

00:30:25

considered their coffee, and here in our history a

00:30:28

French naval officer

00:30:31

named Gabriel appears, Mother Yoda clio coffee

00:30:34

was his passion and he was inspired by the idea of

00:30:37

growing his own trees in

00:30:38

America, where the climate is more than favorable,

00:30:41

further history diverges according to one

00:30:43

version d clio, through complex court

00:30:46

intrigues, was able to obtain seedlings to

00:30:47

fulfill a dream, another version says

00:30:50

that the officer simply stole the sprouts

00:30:53

from the Royal Botanical Museum, the essence of

00:30:56

one seasoned sea wolf, obsessed

00:30:59

with coffee, went to the distant way across the

00:31:01

ocean with a precious cargo on board, but

00:31:04

on his way the officer encountered corsairs

00:31:06

from whom he miraculously escaped alive and was even able to

00:31:09

save the cargo. The troubles did not

00:31:11

end there. De Clieu finds himself in

00:31:14

windless weather for more than a month, and

00:31:16

when the ship began to run out of water, he was

00:31:20

in damage to his health, he gave water to his

00:31:22

dear companion, that is, the coffee

00:31:23

tree with desalinated water, as a result,

00:31:26

glue came to his dream, he reached

00:31:29

Martinique where the coffee tree took

00:31:31

root, and now attention there is

00:31:34

a possibility that all the coffee trees of the

00:31:37

new world are the descendants of the very

00:31:39

seedlings that brought glue a real

00:31:43

coffee Adam, the rest of the Europeans

00:31:46

looked with wariness at the success of the

00:31:47

French, the Portuguese, this seriously

00:31:49

provoked them, they were not going to leave

00:31:51

the hand of the Frenchman with such a trump card as a monopoly

00:31:53

on coffee in America, Brazil, being a

00:31:56

Portuguese colony, needed a new

00:31:58

economic mumi, you won’t be full of sugar alone

00:32:00

for this, the Portuguese

00:32:02

government sent their officials

00:32:04

at all costs to get

00:32:06

suitable coffee beans, no one

00:32:09

was going to give the beans just like that and the

00:32:10

officials had to use their

00:32:12

natural charm; one Portuguese

00:32:15

figure was able to conquer the wife of the French

00:32:17

governor of Martinique, having a great

00:32:19

time with him, he got her consent to

00:32:21

take part in the insidious plan and

00:32:23

As a result, at the moment of leaving the

00:32:25

island, the governor’s wife presented

00:32:28

him with a beautiful bouquet inside which

00:32:30

coffee berries were hidden; the plan worked; the

00:32:33

berries brought from the bouquet sprouted,

00:32:35

which became the basis of the Brazilian

00:32:38

coffee industry;

00:32:48

usually there is a long and difficult history,

00:32:51

the history of Brazilian coffee is a story about

00:32:54

slavery and about the environment, which were

00:32:56

neglected as well as people, as

00:32:59

Sergey already said, the sugar industry

00:33:01

in Brazil was in serious decline when coffee arrived,

00:33:04

our first video about

00:33:06

sugar, we talked about the reasons for the decline of the

00:33:09

sugar empire, but nothing passes

00:33:12

without a trace throughout the country, plantations were already

00:33:14

scattered, the so-called

00:33:17

fazendas, planters with slaves also did

00:33:20

not go anywhere, they just needed to

00:33:22

change the cane on the coffee trees, the

00:33:25

infrastructure was all ready, but

00:33:28

what could no longer be restored was the

00:33:31

ecology of the sugar plantation

00:33:32

in the northeast completely killed the local

00:33:35

systems and turned the beautiful Silva

00:33:38

arid savannas coffee finally

00:33:41

gained a foothold in Brazil by the end of the 18th century,

00:33:43

sugar prices fell and in the south of the country

00:33:46

excellent places for coffee

00:33:49

plantings were found Rio de Janeiro Sao Paulo these are

00:33:52

cities that literally grew

00:33:54

thanks to coffee plantations

00:33:55

these places were not completely uninhabited

00:33:58

here for a long time

00:34:00

they mined gold and diamonds for and then coffee

00:34:04

was lucky with the timing the mines with minerals were

00:34:08

depleted and the workers and slaves

00:34:12

had nothing to do while the miners switched to

00:34:14

collecting coffee strangely increased the purchase of

00:34:17

slaves by the second quarter of the 19th century the volume of

00:34:21

imports of slave power from Africa reached

00:34:24

forty-four thousand people a year, one

00:34:27

of the reasons for such a frantic pace of buying

00:34:29

new labor was the incredible

00:34:32

mortality rate among slaves on

00:34:34

Brazilian plantations lived for 7 years, the next stop is a

00:34:36

coffin, but rather a mass grave;

00:34:40

moreover, even after the ban on the import of

00:34:43

slaves to no one cared about the laws,

00:34:45

soon the indicators of human trafficking

00:34:48

reached the terrible level of 60 thousand

00:34:50

people a year, this seems savage and

00:34:53

inhumane not only to us people from the 21st

00:34:57

century, the British of the 19th century saw enough of

00:34:59

these horrors and began to simply

00:35:01

intercept slave traders’ ships, only the

00:35:04

British blockade killed Brazilian

00:35:07

business in blood despite this,

00:35:10

more than 2

00:35:12

million slaves remained in the country; no one was going to abolish slavery; the

00:35:14

planters grew so rich in

00:35:17

coffee that over time they gained powerful

00:35:21

levers of power in Brazil; they

00:35:23

controlled literally all; no

00:35:26

laws could be passed or

00:35:28

repealed without their knowledge; the norms of

00:35:31

human society in they were

00:35:33

practically not distributed, no, of

00:35:35

course there were decent

00:35:38

and quite civilized planters

00:35:39

who treated slaves as decently as they could

00:35:43

and were engaged, for example, in educating

00:35:45

their children, but there were also those who

00:35:48

created hell on earth for slaves from Africa;

00:35:51

one of its owners told

00:35:53

his son that slaves are a link in the fci and

00:35:57

between animate creatures and wild

00:36:01

animals, murders and sadistic orgies

00:36:04

happened all the time. Perhaps you or

00:36:07

your parents or grandparents

00:36:09

remember such a Brazilian series, Slave

00:36:11

Isaura, about an unfortunate girl who is

00:36:14

so eager to find her happiness, and so the

00:36:18

events of this series, which conquered the

00:36:19

territory of the former Soviet Union,

00:36:21

take place on one of the

00:36:24

Brazilian coffee plantations there were slaves and their

00:36:27

suffering was conveyed in full, exactly

00:36:30

like what the planters were doing,

00:36:32

despite all their power and influence, the

00:36:35

owners of cafes in other bushes were

00:36:37

very afraid of their slaves, so to speak

00:36:40

when slavery has already been abolished all over the world

00:36:43

and you are still keep people strapped on the

00:36:46

planter almost always walked with weapons

00:36:48

to protect himself in case of an attempt, yes, but this could

00:36:51

not continue for long, Brazil

00:36:54

lagged far behind the spirit of the times and this

00:36:57

spirit constantly beat her on the wrists as if

00:37:01

slave uprisings or the British fleet, as

00:37:04

a result in 1871 the Emperor of Brazil do not

00:37:08

be surprised Brazil was an empire

00:37:10

signed the so-called law of a free

00:37:13

womb, any child who was born from the

00:37:16

moment the law was adopted on the territory

00:37:18

of the country was considered free coffee

00:37:22

planters, this of course did not suit

00:37:24

one landowner and a member of the Brazilian

00:37:27

parliament said Brazil is coffee and

00:37:31

coffee is blacks and yet, as if the owners did

00:37:36

not resisted no matter how they tried

00:37:38

to save an

00:37:39

impressive part of the revenue on free

00:37:42

labor, the trend could not be reversed,

00:37:45

slavery was dying out, but stories about

00:37:48

philanthropy played a secondary

00:37:51

role here, cold calculation came to the fore again

00:37:54

and

00:37:55

mathematics turned out that paying

00:37:58

meager wages to former slaves was much more

00:38:01

profitable than maintaining a horde of embittered people

00:38:03

and ineffective slaves who

00:38:05

in a few years will simply die

00:38:07

as a planter, it became simply more profitable

00:38:10

to abolish slavery and at that moment the tycoon

00:38:14

decided to finally take power into their own

00:38:16

hands; you can’t stop them from

00:38:19

leading, something like this sounded like their logic,

00:38:22

hiding behind the slogans of the fight against slavery, the

00:38:25

Brazilian coffee oligarchs

00:38:27

liquidated the empire and proclaimed a

00:38:30

republic

00:38:31

until until 1930, the country will be

00:38:35

alternately ruled by coffee magnates from

00:38:38

Sao Paulo and dairy oligarchs from a

00:38:41

neighboring state; they won’t get drunk; such a

00:38:43

political system will be called coffee with

00:38:46

milk;

00:38:47

exporting coffee has become the main raison

00:38:50

d'être of the country; if back in

00:38:52

1890 they sold 5 million bags a

00:38:55

year; who in 1901 exported reached 16

00:38:59

million Brazil flooded the world with its

00:39:02

coffee blacks, but for the country this was

00:39:04

not always good; excessive dependence

00:39:06

on a key budget item, as we

00:39:09

were born with more than once, can backfire

00:39:11

and not only the level of

00:39:13

well-being of the population suffers, but also the

00:39:15

political regime, not

00:39:18

least the change of government in the country occurred

00:39:20

due to the collapse of coffee prices, even today

00:39:24

Brazil's coffee addiction has not

00:39:26

gone away; many common

00:39:28

agricultural crops that

00:39:30

can be easily grown in addition to coffee

00:39:33

literally on the next plot

00:39:35

are imported from abroad and people are forced to

00:39:38

overpay for something that they can easily

00:39:40

grow themselves too serious

00:39:43

fixation on coffee leads to a strong

00:39:45

imbalance but this system functions

00:39:48

thanks to demand and the greatest demand

00:39:51

for Brazilian coffee

00:39:53

is provided by the United States the

00:39:56

English coffee mania of the early

00:39:59

eighteenth century began to fade

00:40:00

along with Andy the British found tea and it

00:40:03

turned out to be a much more

00:40:05

practical drink for them for tea leaves in

00:40:08

Unlike coffee beans, there was no need to

00:40:10

pay the Dutch or Portuguese from

00:40:12

coffee lovers, the British became the main

00:40:15

officials of the world American 13 colonies

00:40:18

future United States of America also

00:40:20

at first focused on London

00:40:22

trends coffee houses closed in their place

00:40:24

tea houses arose How

00:40:26

did it happen then that modern Americans

00:40:28

drink coffee much more often than tea, the reason for the

00:40:31

tax, America was supplied with tea by the British

00:40:34

East India Company, but the English

00:40:36

King George the Third desperately needed

00:40:38

money, however, like any English

00:40:40

king, he introduced high taxes on

00:40:42

many goods, the reaction of Parliament

00:40:45

was immediate, Parliament abolished

00:40:47

all duties on everyone except the tax on tea, the

00:40:51

Americans began a tough boycott of

00:40:53

English tea and the crowning glory of this story

00:40:55

was the famous Boston Tea Party,

00:40:57

when the Americans, dressed in costume and Indians,

00:41:00

broke into the ship and the

00:41:02

British company and threw

00:41:04

all the tea overboard, from that moment the refusal of

00:41:07

tea for the Americans began to be equated

00:41:09

with a public act of patriotism, one of the

00:41:11

founding fathers the second president of

00:41:13

America, John Adams, wrote that tea should

00:41:15

be rejected everywhere, the sooner

00:41:18

the better, but it doesn’t matter where to drink something, and the

00:41:20

average consumption of coffee in the American

00:41:23

colonies over 27 years has grown more than

00:41:26

seven times; coffee had another

00:41:28

advantage, purely logistical; it was

00:41:31

grown relatively close from

00:41:33

North America to South America, and tea

00:41:35

was brought from God knows where from far away, but

00:41:38

what’s interesting is that although in the cities there

00:41:40

were already coffee pots, most Americans

00:41:42

drank coffee at home or brewed it over a fire

00:41:45

on the way to the wild west, by the middle of the 19th

00:41:48

century, coffee became an integral part of the

00:41:50

diet of all these desperate people, as they

00:41:53

said then, give the inhabitants of the frontier

00:41:55

coffee and tobacco and he will endure any

00:41:58

hardships parallel consumption grew at

00:42:00

the beginning of the civil war in the United States the average

00:42:03

American consumed three and a half

00:42:05

kilograms of coffee beans per year

00:42:08

Americans’ love for a fast pace of life

00:42:10

the desire to explore new lands became the

00:42:12

ideal fuel for the coffee

00:42:14

industry

00:42:15

today, out of the ten largest coffee

00:42:18

companies 7, these are American companies, all that

00:42:20

remained was to speed up the process of

00:42:22

preparing coffee and this happened onla

00:42:26

Belgian entrepreneur with the consonant

00:42:28

name and surname of George Washington in

00:42:30

1906 guessed that the process of

00:42:33

preparing the drink could be seriously

00:42:35

accelerated, so the well-known

00:42:38

instant coffee Washington was born Already a

00:42:41

US citizen, he entered the market with his

00:42:44

own brand of coffee. It had neither the

00:42:46

smell nor the taste nor even the consistency of

00:42:49

real coffee, but this brew was

00:42:51

hot and contained caffeine. The

00:42:55

general public didn’t need to

00:42:57

just make good advertising

00:42:59

and advertising was done, but most of all the

00:43:01

popularity of instant coffee

00:43:03

was influenced by the war when the states entered the

00:43:05

First World War, all the products of

00:43:07

the entrepreneur were bought by the army in Washington,

00:43:09

all the instant coffee went to Europe for the

00:43:12

war in Germany, the coffee brand could not help but

00:43:15

take advantage of this, they

00:43:16

were advertised everywhere as a company that

00:43:19

went to war, although in fact they

00:43:22

just sold their the products will be accommodated by the

00:43:24

suppliers, but all this was not in vain, in addition to the

00:43:26

increase in sales due to the patriotic

00:43:28

Americans, instant coffee conquered the

00:43:30

souls of the soldiers, hundreds of

00:43:33

letters from grateful warriors poured into the company despite

00:43:35

the dirt, the rain of rats, the roar of guns and

00:43:38

shells, coffee, and George’s uncle was always

00:43:41

ready to warm the soldier’s heart, one

00:43:43

American the general said that

00:43:45

instant coffee, along with bread and

00:43:48

bacon, became the product that helped

00:43:50

the allies win the world war, the new

00:43:53

world was built on the ruins of great

00:43:55

empires, he loved coffee with all his soul, all

00:43:58

the twenties passed under the endless

00:44:00

caffeine stupor,

00:44:03

even the Second World War did not stop it during the years of war in

00:44:05

America

00:44:07

more than 4 billion dollars worth of coffee beans will be imported

00:44:10

for that money survey crazy

00:44:12

some means simply phenomenal

00:44:14

per capita coffee consumption for the year

00:44:17

reached 9 kilograms of beans the USA

00:44:20

showed the whole world how an entire country

00:44:23

can get hooked on coffee giant

00:44:25

coffee companies chain coffee shops fashion

00:44:28

on paper cups that are not quite

00:44:30

paper, coffee would be against it on your

00:44:32

clothes, this is also something to understand, all this

00:44:34

came to us from America, but you and I

00:44:36

encountered this culture only

00:44:38

after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the

00:44:42

British tried to instill their

00:44:44

obsession with coffee even in Russia, the

00:44:46

Tsar’s English doctor Alexei Mikhailovich

00:44:49

recommended him a caffeine drink as a

00:44:52

remedy for a runny nose and headaches.

00:44:55

There is another well-known story about His

00:44:58

Serene Highness Prince Potemkin when he

00:45:01

ordered to bring coffee as soon as the head

00:45:03

waiter and adjutants, knocked down,

00:45:06

brought him the drink. Potemkin

00:45:08

turned away a little offended and said no

00:45:11

need I just wanted to

00:45:14

expect something, but even then

00:45:16

all the historical anecdotes deprived me of this pleasure,

00:45:19

and the facts show that the Russian

00:45:22

man

00:45:23

was much closer to 5 and for a long time there could be

00:45:27

no talk of any coffee boom in our area,

00:45:29

only at the beginning of the 20th century

00:45:32

coffee began to spread throughout Russia, the

00:45:35

first coffee shops opened, like

00:45:38

the rest of the positive statistics, before the

00:45:40

revolution and coffee imports occurred

00:45:43

in the notorious year 1913, the cost of 1

00:45:47

cup of coffee in St. Petersburg was 2

00:45:50

kopecks, converting to the modern exchange rate

00:45:52

about 19 rubles, more than the rising price, the

00:45:56

first world coffee mania ended

00:45:59

for many for the townspeople, the drink became simply

00:46:01

inaccessible to the February revolution and due to

00:46:04

duties on luxury, the price of a cup of coffee

00:46:07

jumped to 30 kopecks and the revolution in

00:46:10

October put everything in its place

00:46:12

coffee was recognized as a bourgeois excess, its

00:46:15

supplies to the country of the Soviets practically

00:46:18

stopped only a small number of

00:46:21

Nepman entrepreneurs and

00:46:23

representatives of the nomenklatura could

00:46:26

afford a cup of coffee in the 20s,

00:46:28

coffee ceased to be considered a luxury only

00:46:31

10 years after the October

00:46:34

Revolution, by the way, along with salt, as

00:46:37

a result, coffee consumption per

00:46:39

capita in the year thirty-eight

00:46:40

was a ridiculous 7 grams, about

00:46:43

11 times less than that of Americans in the 18th

00:46:48

century, mention of coffee nicknames and

00:46:50

memories of that period need to be

00:46:52

interpreted correctly, most often there were

00:46:56

grains not of coffee but of barley; many Soviet

00:47:00

people simply did not understand what

00:47:02

coffee was and how to drink it, and not

00:47:05

only ordinary citizens but also

00:47:07

representatives of the political elite, a very

00:47:09

revealing story happened with the

00:47:11

future people's commissar of public catering, Anastas

00:47:14

Ivanovich Mikoyan, when he was served coffee, lemon and milk at a meeting with

00:47:17

another famous Bolshevik Tsyurupa,

00:47:19

he first

00:47:24

threw lemon into a cup and

00:47:27

then poured milk into the whole household,

00:47:30

and

00:47:32

when the milk

00:47:36

curdled in his cups, he experienced

00:47:39

maximum shame but did not show it coffee

00:47:43

was in short supply, but I feel there was no such thing,

00:47:46

why did the answer come out on the surface:

00:47:49

coffee trees could not grow in

00:47:52

any of the regions of the vast Soviet

00:47:54

country; if tea was grown in the Caucasus, then

00:47:58

coffee never took root there, so

00:48:01

it turned out that all hope was for

00:48:03

coffee imports from abroad and with it for a

00:48:06

long time there were problems on the shelves of

00:48:08

coffee shops they began to display the

00:48:10

Khrushchev thaw

00:48:12

and again politics played a major role in the

00:48:15

yard there was a cold war in the United States and the USSR

00:48:18

fought for influence throughout the planet

00:48:21

Moscow actively supported the

00:48:24

anti-colonial movement in

00:48:26

third world countries supplied them with money weapons

00:48:29

and in return, in addition to sincere

00:48:32

gratitude to their dear comrade, they could

00:48:34

only offer barter, for example, part of

00:48:37

the harvest, so coffee penetrates into the Soviet

00:48:40

Union, although the volume of supplies was

00:48:43

scanty, Soviet citizens like the Rusakan of the

00:48:45

times of Frederick the Great

00:48:48

had to be content with various

00:48:51

coffee substitutes; perhaps the most popular was

00:48:53

chicory, many drink it to this

00:48:56

day Our brand of coffee appeared on the shelves every now and then,

00:48:58

in which coffee was 35

00:49:02

percent, the rest was acorns and chestnuts and

00:49:05

chicory only during coffee mania for non-

00:49:08

deleche I was the same coffee finally and

00:49:12

irrevocably entered the life of the Soviet

00:49:14

person, tons of coffee began to arrive from

00:49:18

Brazil and friendly India, many

00:49:20

remember they drank cans of coffee, so this is a

00:49:24

Brazilian supply, a local company

00:49:27

signed a big advertising contract with the football player,

00:49:30

this collaboration

00:49:32

can only be compared with Nike and

00:49:35

Michael Jordan, the striker of the Brazilian national team himself

00:49:38

actively participated in

00:49:40

promoting the product or was popular

00:49:43

all over the world, the Soviet Union was no

00:49:45

exception to

00:49:46

the player here they knew and loved

00:49:49

that’s why they actively bought the coffee of the same name,

00:49:52

especially in the absence of other

00:49:54

brands, and between ground and

00:49:57

instant coffee, Soviet people

00:50:00

usually chose instant coffee; the demand

00:50:03

for it was crazy and there wasn’t

00:50:05

enough goods; people even had a ditty;

00:50:08

instant coffee was brought to the base;

00:50:10

instant coffee dissolved right away; it was the coastal

00:50:13

ones who started the

00:50:16

first coffee shops developed, a

00:50:19

culture of drink consumption was quietly formed, the

00:50:21

intelligentsia of the Baltic states beyond the Caucasus

00:50:25

of Leningrad and of course Moscow often

00:50:28

disappeared in establishments over a cup of coffee, the

00:50:31

real coffee capital of the Soviet

00:50:33

Union became the city of Yerevan, where even then

00:50:36

people could easily buy the required

00:50:39

amount of beans, grind them in a manual

00:50:42

coffee grinder and

00:50:44

drink countless number of cups per

00:50:47

day the main consumer of the drink in

00:50:49

other republics will be the educated

00:50:52

layer of the population, it’s as if we

00:50:54

are seeing a remake of the 17th century in Europe only in the

00:50:57

Soviet Union and in the 20th century,

00:50:59

representatives of creative and

00:51:01

intellectual professions gather in

00:51:03

coffee establishments to discuss

00:51:05

news, politics of art and, of

00:51:08

course, many musical groups in the

00:51:10

eighties were born just over a

00:51:12

cup of coffee; the

00:51:14

Leningrad cafe with aegon was considered a cult; the building on the

00:51:17

corner between Nevsky and Vladimirsky

00:51:19

prospects became a real point of

00:51:22

attraction for the creative intelligentsia

00:51:25

and informals, as they said then on the street

00:51:28

near the entrance, there was a crowd of young people

00:51:31

near Saigon there was such a constant movement

00:51:35

Dovlatov combers their Shemyakin whoever was

00:51:39

n’t there today the famous

00:51:42

cafe with roosters on the windows is no longer there but we

00:51:45

know about it thanks to the memories of those

00:51:48

who liked to go there Dovlatov

00:51:50

called the fire a continuously created

00:51:52

legend and a continuation of the St. Petersburg

00:51:55

myth, however he noted that in addition to coffee

00:51:58

they drank port wine there with all their might In addition to the bohemian

00:52:01

public, there were plenty of

00:52:04

criminal elements, as they said, in the

00:52:07

Soviet Union they loved coffee and for its usefulness in

00:52:09

the household, tin cans from the drink were

00:52:12

often repurposed into ashtrays, and it

00:52:15

was also convenient to store screws and nails in them; a

00:52:18

couple of such cans are

00:52:21

still in the barn at the dacha,

00:52:24

if you watched our series from the very beginning,

00:52:27

in your head, probably throughout

00:52:29

this video, parallels arose with the

00:52:31

history of sugar, the paths of coffee and sugar

00:52:34

crossed more than once again slavery again

00:52:36

plantations again young states of the

00:52:38

new world and many many political

00:52:41

ambitions but there is between sugar and coffee

00:52:43

although some people like to mix them, one

00:52:45

big difference: coffee, even though it ruined the lives of

00:52:48

slaves on the plantation, nevertheless gave

00:52:50

humanity many scientific and

00:52:52

creative masterpieces, we would never have

00:52:55

heard Bach’s coffee cantata with you and

00:52:57

would not have read many books permeated with the

00:53:00

smell of coffee, a real cult arose around coffee

00:53:02

when people give

00:53:04

the drink more meaning than is contained

00:53:07

in these coffee beans mixed with

00:53:09

boiling water in our cycle of simple things,

00:53:12

narratives about human

00:53:14

greed and cruelty often sound

00:53:20

but

00:53:23

if you move a little to the side,

00:53:25

coffee can be considered as a partner and

00:53:28

assistant, which on its way did

00:53:31

bad things, sometimes absolutely terrible things, but

00:53:33

constantly supported and gave strength. Coffee

00:53:36

is an amazing drink that,

00:53:38

despite all the conflicts, despite the

00:53:41

confrontation with the world's leading

00:53:42

religions, became stronger with every trial.

00:53:45

only polar, it simply turned out to be

00:53:48

stronger than any prohibitions and home, and the reason is

00:53:51

very simple, a person sincerely fell in love with

00:53:54

coffee, and even if some doctors

00:53:56

call this coffee love

00:53:58

destructive, you must understand that there is

00:54:01

little that can stop the power of this feeling,

00:54:03

thank you for watching our episode to

00:54:05

the end, write in the comments about which ones

00:54:07

simple things you want us to

00:54:09

tell you and of course subscribe

00:54:10

to the channel thanks for watching

00:54:13

[music]

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Технологичные контактные линзы ADRIA (Юж.Корея) http://testerbox.adriacats.ru/ На 40% дешевле топовых западных аналогов. Тест-набор: 770 р. Скидка 150р. по коду 625066 Кофейная станция BORK C806 -https://www.bork.ru/s/c806--youtube/ Подписывайтесь на канал Файба: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCRQPJnq3IFviqmIxb9_5FaQ Миллиарды людей по всему миру начинают своё утро или поход на работу с чашечки кофеинового напитка. Для многих это стало настоящей традицией, а кто-то настолько подсел на кофе и заливает в себя так много чашек в любое время суток, что со стороны это кажется зависимостью. Есть сотни способов приготовления кофе: кофе с лимоном, кофе в турке, капучино, латте, эспрессо, кофе с мороженым и прочее, отличаются как сами кофейные зерна и их обжарка, так и базовый подход к потреблению. Как появился кофе? Где родина кофе и кофейного напитка? В чем была польза и вред кофе по мнению древних арабских ученых? Почему кофе запретили в Османской империи? Как жили рабы на кофейных плантациях в Бразилии? Почему отмена рабства в Бразилии стала выгодной для плантаторов? Как появился растворимый кофе? Почему кофеиновая зависимость меняла целые народы и страны? Как бразильский футболист Пеле стал символом самого популярного кофе в СССР? Как выглядит история кофе в мире и история кофе в России? Об этом и многом другом в новом выпуске формата Простовещи «Кофе: история зависимости». Содержание: 00:00 О чем будет выпуск 02:33 Как появился кофе? Родина кофейных зерен 05:29 Происхождение названия кофе 07:44 Польза и вред кофе по мнению арабских ученых 10:35 Запрет кофе в Османской империи 12:26 Родина кофе мокко 15:30 Как папа римский благословил кофе 17:30 Как кофе вытеснил алкоголь в Англии 20:19 Мужские кофейни в Англии 22:56 Кофейные зёрна в Австрии и Пруссии 26:37 Голландские колонизаторы на острове Ява 30:10 Кофе в Латинской Америке 32:44 Бразильский кофе и португальские чиновники 35:24 Кофейные плантации и торговля людьми 35:54 Жизнь раба на кофейной плантации 37:00 Почему отмена рабства в Бразилии стала выгодна плантаторам 40:03 Бостонское чаепитие и бойкот чая в Американских колониях 41:46 Кофеиновая зависимость в Америке 42:43 Джордж Вашингтон и растворимый кофе 43:42 Кофе во время Второй мировой войны 44:50 История кофе в России 47:13 Кофе с лимоном 48:49 Цикорий и другие кофезаменители 49:30 Кофе и футболист Пеле в СССР 51:20 Культовая кофейня Сайгон 52:32 Роль кофе в истории человечества По вопросам сотрудничества пишите: [email protected] Подписывайтесь на Минаева в социальных сетях: Минаев в Telegram: https://t.me/minaevlife Минаев LIVE в ВК: https://vk.com/minaev_live Минаев LIVE в Twitter: https://twitter.com/SergeiMinaev Минаев LIVE в Одноклассниках: https://ok.ru/minaevlive Минаев LIVE в Тик Ток: https://www.tiktok.com/@minaevlive Минаев Live в Яндекс Zen: https://dzen.ru/sergeyminaev

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