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подводный

флот

великой

отечественной

войны

часть

четвёртая

00:00:00

[music]

00:00:09

October 21, 1942,

00:00:12

western coast of the Black Sea, area of the

00:00:15

Romanian por Kosulina,

00:00:18

water boat M35 under the command of

00:00:20

Lieutenant-Commander Mikhail has sinned for the

00:00:22

sixth day already, lying on the ground at a shallow

00:00:25

depth, her periscope is located

00:00:28

on the surface of the sea, she is hiding,

00:00:30

waiting for a suitable target fearing

00:00:33

the actions of Soviet submarines, work extremely

00:00:35

carefully, he reduced the number of convoys

00:00:38

of his ships and strengthened them and stored the

00:00:42

M-type boat Malyutka lived up to its name

00:00:45

of all Soviet submarines, it was the smallest of

00:00:48

all this and took advantage of the commander's

00:00:50

sin of how a real hunter

00:00:53

patiently waits for the appearance of prey and

00:00:55

it appeared in the evening twilight a

00:00:58

convoy of

00:01:00

two boats and a destroyer appeared, guarding a large

00:01:03

transport,

00:01:04

the commander orders it to be prepared so you

00:01:07

know

00:01:10

[music]

00:01:29

at the beginning of the war, the Soviet fleet was the most

00:01:32

powerful on the Black Sea,

00:01:33

Germany had no access to this year,

00:01:35

however, Hitler had an ally, Romania, it

00:01:39

belonged to the port of Constantia, which

00:01:41

became the most important transport at the junction from here the

00:01:44

route of the tanker began with navigator's

00:01:46

oil to the Bosporus about this communication, the

00:01:49

export of Romanian oil was carried out,

00:01:51

which was used by the Italians who then

00:01:53

fought in the Mediterranean basin,

00:01:56

covering transportation for Rommel's army

00:01:59

that fought in Libya against the British in the

00:02:01

first days of the Perry war, the Black Sea

00:02:04

fleet was tasked with destroying the

00:02:06

port of Constanta, however, The Romanians managed to

00:02:09

prepare well; the powerful coastal and

00:02:11

air defense of the port made it possible to

00:02:13

repulse the attacks themselves already at sea on the approaches

00:02:17

to the board; the enemy generously placed the

00:02:20

first ones already on the campaign;

00:02:23

Constance did not return; pike chat 206

00:02:26

captain-lieutenant Sidor ham;

00:02:31

On August

00:02:36

41, the situation worsened, German units

00:02:40

quickly advanced in Moldova and in

00:02:42

Ukraine, the Black Sea Fleet was given a

00:02:45

new task to support the ground

00:02:47

army defending Odessa

00:02:49

and then Crimea and Sevastopol to disrupt

00:02:53

enemy sea communications,

00:02:55

only underwater at the

00:02:58

beginning of the war the

00:03:00

Black Sea Fleet had 44

00:03:03

submarines at its disposal,

00:03:04

they were consolidated into two brigades a separate

00:03:07

training division and a division under construction

00:03:10

carts the

00:03:11

real condition of these ships

00:03:14

was very very different; some of the boats

00:03:19

that were built in the first

00:03:21

half of the 30s needed repairs,

00:03:24

but the repair of these lots could only be provided

00:03:28

at two factories in Nikolaev,

00:03:31

these were the same the very factories that

00:03:33

produced new boats were building so there was

00:03:36

little dilemma or accelerated construction of

00:03:39

new ships or repair of old

00:03:41

submarines monitoring from the slipways

00:03:43

were equipped with new crews, did

00:03:45

some of them receive very young

00:03:48

commanders you needed time for

00:03:50

full combat training of sailors

00:03:53

but it began only in May 41 in the end the

00:03:58

combination of all these factors, that

00:04:00

is, on the one hand, the state of technology on the

00:04:02

other hand, the state of personnel,

00:04:04

led to the fact that the

00:04:07

Black Sea

00:04:10

Fleet had three completely ready boats;

00:04:12

nevertheless, the outbreak of the war

00:04:14

mobilized the forces of the fleet; the

00:04:16

pace of submarine repairs and

00:04:18

training increased noticeably crew on the fifth day of the war,

00:04:22

the command of the brigade was then 28

00:04:25

years old, he was entrusted to senior lieutenant Mikhail,

00:04:27

he sinned to take his little M35 on 1

00:04:31

combat campaign from the memories of Mikhail,

00:04:34

he sinned before dawn, we arrived in

00:04:37

our area and with sunrise we dived on the

00:04:39

periscope at a depth of

00:04:40

9 days the crew led observation and the

00:04:43

enemy still didn’t show up, the crew was annoyed, they

00:04:46

didn’t leave, and we were inactive,

00:04:49

it seemed like we were the only ones in the entire fleet

00:04:52

now not using our weapons

00:04:54

against the enemy, the crew returned from the first

00:04:57

position without combat success for

00:04:59

the first time in the course of the Black Sea submariners,

00:05:02

they were unsuccessful, the enemy didn’t

00:05:04

show up

00:05:07

under the military plans of the Black Sea was

00:05:10

divided into positions of the combat patrol zone,

00:05:13

there were 12 of them 3 off the coast of Romania, the rest

00:05:17

along the Soviet coast, the command

00:05:20

believed that the

00:05:21

main forces of the Italian

00:05:24

fleet could break into the Black Sea and therefore most of our

00:05:26

submarines were sent not to the enemy

00:05:29

but to their own shore, the task of the

00:05:31

submarines was to carry the patrol service received

00:05:33

timely warning of the

00:05:36

approach of enemy ships, but there

00:05:38

were no enemy ships, and

00:05:41

ultimately, in January

00:05:43

1942, the last patrol positions were

00:05:45

closed in the Odessa area at dawn

00:05:46

during the day only the personnel were awake on watch

00:05:49

while the rest

00:05:51

were sleeping in the compartments

00:05:52

when we discovered if the enemy watch

00:05:55

officer declared a combat alert,

00:05:57

everyone woke up and took their places

00:05:59

according to the combat schedule at ten

00:06:04

o'clock in the morning on August 15, when 211

00:06:08

was in the southern part of the Varna

00:06:10

Bay, the commander of the pike spotted the enemy

00:06:13

transport

00:06:14

nine announced the alarm and began

00:06:17

maneuvering to take the best

00:06:19

position for a torpedo attack

00:06:21

feature film submarine T9, which

00:06:24

was released in 1943,

00:06:27

described the action of their crews during a

00:06:29

torpedo attack; this episode was not filmed

00:06:32

in the scenery;

00:06:33

it was a real submarine of type C,

00:06:36

but in the role of enemy ships,

00:06:38

mock-ups were used on

00:06:40

combat alert; the entire crew scattered

00:06:43

around your posts at the ready. according to the

00:06:46

readiness schedule, number one,

00:06:49

the commander occupied the place of the central

00:06:52

paste on the cheeks,

00:06:53

that the periscope was a social postulate of

00:06:55

other boats in the conning tower where the

00:06:57

layout rose and was

00:06:59

controlled on most

00:07:01

submarines, the conning tower was located above the

00:07:04

central post, such a design

00:07:06

ensured a greater height of extension of the

00:07:09

periscope, meaning a greater depth of

00:07:11

immersion boats,

00:07:13

this was done so that

00:07:15

enemy ships could not

00:07:17

inflict critical damage when ramming submarines;

00:07:21

anyone observed through the periscope and all

00:07:24

target designations were spoken down directly at the

00:07:27

enemy, so you need to dip you; the

00:07:31

observer reports, which means the senior

00:07:33

assistant and assistant commander

00:07:34

summarized this data, that is, they received

00:07:36

the average from the acoustics of the series from the navigator

00:07:41

determines the coordinates of the target's movement

00:07:43

calculated the time of the attack six

00:07:48

minutes after the start such the commander of the pike

00:07:50

211 nine noticed a ship was walking

00:07:53

next to him another transport they were

00:07:56

guarded by 2 Bulgarian leonov nine

00:07:59

decided to attack with a larger lead one

00:08:02

especially approaching at pistol

00:08:07

range in 500 meters the commander fired a

00:08:10

salvo of two torpedoes

00:08:11

[music]

00:08:19

after thirty seconds the pads reported and

00:08:21

heard one explosion

00:08:25

half an hour later the nine flared up at the

00:08:28

periscope depth and found to choose

00:08:30

learned to measure the transport

00:08:32

it turned out to be a ruby of the steppe only the next

00:08:35

campaign which was in September 1941

00:08:38

he managed again coast of Bulgaria

00:08:41

discover and effectively attack a

00:08:44

large convoy which included two

00:08:46

Italian tankers and a Romanian ship,

00:08:48

this time he was cited as an Italian

00:08:51

tanker Super Gamma on board which

00:08:53

contained several thousand oil for

00:08:55

Italian withdrawal, but in general Alexander

00:08:58

Nine turned out to be one of the most successful

00:09:01

commanders of Soviet submarines boats in

00:09:03

1541, since he accounted for two

00:09:08

large and enemy fuel ships

00:09:11

achieved significant success, and another

00:09:13

pike 214 under the command of

00:09:16

Lieutenant-Commander Vladimir Vlasov

00:09:21

sank an Italian tanker in early November.

00:09:24

As a result, the Italian command

00:09:26

no longer sent its tankers to the

00:09:28

Black Sea until the end May 42,

00:09:31

this caused a significant interruption in

00:09:33

the supply of fuel to the Italian fleet,

00:09:37

in addition to torpedo submarines

00:09:40

off the Bulgarian coast in 1941,

00:09:42

underwater

00:09:44

minelayers of the Leninets type l4 and l5 also operated successfully on 1

00:09:50

betrayal of the exposed l4, the

00:09:52

Romanian minelayer Reggie the

00:09:54

Doctor 1 was blown up, this ship ended up here not

00:09:57

by chance, the division The German and

00:10:01

Romanian fleets are laying mines in the

00:10:03

Black Sea and thus preventing the

00:10:05

action of the Soviets in our coastal

00:10:07

waters. The command of the German fleet

00:10:10

decided that in order to stop the

00:10:14

actions of Soviet submarines in

00:10:16

Bulgarian waters with impunity, it is necessary to place

00:10:18

anti-submarine mines there, first of all, on the

00:10:20

approaches to the lighthouses used by

00:10:22

submarines being in a submerged

00:10:23

position to clarify their

00:10:26

location since the Germans themselves at

00:10:28

that time did not have any hunting on the Black Sea, they did

00:10:30

not have

00:10:31

the task of setting minutes, the

00:10:34

ships received wash spa care during the first

00:10:37

half of October, most of the Bulgarian coast

00:10:40

blew, and a few days later the first

00:10:44

Soviet submarine still 205

00:10:46

was blown up by a mine, the defenders

00:10:48

were deployed in the area of Cape Shobla, survived and

00:10:54

went to Sevastopol, and this was a

00:10:57

timely warning that

00:11:01

the enemy had deployed a smart one in these waters,

00:11:03

unfortunately, it did not serve as an alarm

00:11:05

signal for the command of the Black Sea

00:11:06

Fleet, that is, they

00:11:08

became clear that there was a mine there

00:11:10

danger, but the scale and significance of this

00:11:13

mine danger, unfortunately, were not

00:11:14

assessed in a timely manner during the year, 5 submarines, including 211 Alexandra Nine, did

00:11:18

not return from trips to the shores of Bulgaria.

00:11:25

Presently, Bulgaria has erected a

00:11:29

monument to all Soviet submariners,

00:11:32

the crews of these dead Bulgarian

00:11:34

waters of Soviet submarines in the city area

00:11:36

Balchik

00:11:37

[music]

00:11:40

in the autumn of 1941, in Bulgarian waters

00:11:43

where there were great depths,

00:11:45

large Soviet boats of the pike type operated and were

00:11:48

lazy; also in shallow water

00:11:51

areas off the coast of the mouth of the Danube on the

00:11:53

approaches to the port of Constanta, boats of the

00:11:56

Malyutka type were fought;

00:11:58

submarine type M 13 series

00:12:01

surface displacement 206 tons length

00:12:04

forty-four and a half meters surface speed

00:12:08

14.4 knots underwater 7.8 knots

00:12:13

navigation autonomy up to ten days

00:12:16

cruising range three thousand three hundred and

00:12:18

eighty miles 9 knots

00:12:20

maximum diving depth 60 meters

00:12:23

crew 20 people weapons two bow

00:12:26

torpedo tubes with a caliber of 533

00:12:29

millimeters two ammunition load torpedoes

00:12:31

artillery one cannon of 45

00:12:34

mm caliber about submarines pm we can

00:12:37

say that a person can build a

00:12:40

clockwork mechanism but a person cannot live in a clockwork

00:12:42

mechanism the boat was

00:12:44

very small

00:12:46

due to the fact that the main determining

00:12:48

parameter in its development was the

00:12:51

railway gauge, so the

00:12:54

boat had to fit in the

00:12:55

railway gauge, the mechanisms had to

00:12:57

fit into the boat and the people had to

00:12:59

fit into the free space

00:13:01

that remained from the mechanisms inside the

00:13:03

boat. Living conditions on a boat of the type

00:13:06

were very difficult.

00:13:09

Only the commander had a permanent sleeping place. The rest of

00:13:11

the type spent the night wherever necessary; the galley

00:13:14

was located in the torpedo room. compartment,

00:13:16

it consisted of three electric tanks

00:13:18

for heating food.

00:13:20

Coco’s responsibilities were taken over by the torpedo

00:13:22

st and it’s clear that the torpedo 100

00:13:25

paid more attention to the torpedoes rushing

00:13:26

to prepare the food, so even

00:13:29

if the food was good, fresh, they

00:13:31

rarely turned out something very edible,

00:13:33

as a rule the crew tried canned food,

00:13:36

plus we must add to this that the

00:13:41

M-type boat had everything in one

00:13:44

copy,

00:13:45

that is, it had one main diesel engine,

00:13:47

one electric motor, one shaft line 1

00:13:50

risk, so anyone in their equipment

00:13:53

could put out of action the entire combat operation

00:13:57

in which there is this the boat

00:14:00

endangers the amu, in fact,

00:14:02

endangers the life of the crew itself; boats of

00:14:04

this type were built at the Krasnoye

00:14:06

Sormovo plant in the city of Gorko; now this is

00:14:08

Nizhny Novgorod; the place of service; and the little ones

00:14:11

could be transported by

00:14:13

rail; for this purpose, the railway platform was

00:14:15

specially designed to

00:14:17

maintain the

00:14:19

secrecy of the boat and camouflage the

00:14:25

forty In the first, type M boats operated on the

00:14:27

approaches to the Romanian port of Constance

00:14:30

Insulin, in this area there were convoys

00:14:33

consisting of tugs hauling barges and

00:14:35

ferry, and they chose depths where

00:14:38

submarines could not operate, and the

00:14:40

target itself was invulnerable. Barges had a shallow

00:14:43

draft and therefore torpedoes passed under

00:14:45

their bottom under these conditions, the M35,

00:14:51

which was commanded by Lieutenant Commander

00:14:52

Mikhail, distinguished himself during the day on October 26, he

00:14:56

discovered a convoy of Romanian tugs and

00:14:59

German ferries, the submarine pursued

00:15:02

him until darkness, being

00:15:04

underwater, and only then surfaced for an

00:15:06

artillery attack,

00:15:08

he believed that everything was covered there by

00:15:10

coastal batteries with patrols in any

00:15:12

moment there will be planes anti-submarine

00:15:14

ships one cola is called

00:15:16

attack they can sink, of course you

00:15:20

had to have a lot of courage in the forty-first year

00:15:22

in order to

00:15:24

surface from a surface position

00:15:26

to attack armed enemy ships

00:15:28

posters be her M35 approached the target

00:15:32

at a distance of about 500 meters and suddenly

00:15:35

opened fire from a single 45

00:15:38

millimeter [music]

00:15:41

artillery weapon installation

00:15:43

was intended to destroy naval

00:15:46

targets, that is, a torpedo projectile is expensive and

00:15:49

complex, there are few of them on board

00:15:51

if we are talking about the fight against commercial

00:15:53

shipping, but it is quite possible that a

00:15:56

submarine will soon

00:15:58

shoot it with such a passage simply with with the help of a

00:16:00

cannon,

00:16:02

due to strong seas, the shooting

00:16:04

turned out to be not very accurate, but the submariners

00:16:07

still achieved 4 hits in one of the

00:16:09

ferries; this was enough

00:16:12

for the commander of the Romanian tug to

00:16:14

cut off the rope and abandon the German ferry

00:16:17

Anna to the mercy of fate;

00:16:18

subsequently they for a ton this was the

00:16:20

first victory of the crew of Mikhail sinned he

00:16:23

became one of the most

00:16:24

successful Black Sea submariners,

00:16:28

his colleagues in the brigade were lucky, there

00:16:30

were no less victories, and during

00:16:33

October-November 3 little ones went out on

00:16:36

patrol

00:16:37

in the area of Constance and Sulin and died on

00:16:43

October 16, 41, Odessa was abandoned,

00:16:45

the enemy was rushing to Sevastopol, the main base

00:16:48

of the Black Sea

00:16:50

lived and heroic defense about where 6

00:16:53

from 256 days the

00:16:56

submarines had to relocate

00:16:58

first to Tuapse and Novorossiysk

00:17:00

and then to the port and the Caucasus along the routes of Ochamchira

00:17:03

and Batumi in the spring of 42 movements on enemy

00:17:07

communications and iron, in addition to the

00:17:10

Constanta Bosphorus route, new ones appeared

00:17:12

from Constanta to Odessa Ochakov Nikolaev and

00:17:16

Kherson they delivered cargo for the German and

00:17:19

Romanian troops

00:17:20

operating in the Donbass; in addition, the routes

00:17:23

passed through shallow water areas where

00:17:25

submarines could not enter, and

00:17:28

yet they did it. On

00:17:30

May 29, not far from Odessa, the

00:17:32

Romanian cargo ship Sulina was sunk. On June 11, a

00:17:36

torpedo damaged the transport; on this

00:17:39

occasion, the German admiral of the Black Sea

00:17:41

wrote that almost a third of the commercial

00:17:43

knife that we can use on the Black Sea

00:17:47

was put out of action by Soviet submarines for a short time

00:17:50

[music] the

00:17:53

old ladies of the Soviet

00:17:56

submarine fleet,

00:17:57

submarines of the age3 type, captain-lieutenant

00:18:00

Sergei Surikov and again senior

00:18:03

lieutenant, also achieved success Gregory Kukuya

00:18:05

name of the boat a.g.

00:18:07

comes from the abbreviation of two words

00:18:11

American head, the company founded

00:18:15

at the beginning of the 20th century by the American John

00:18:18

Bond was known on a worldwide

00:18:20

scale,

00:18:21

produced projects and built boats for the

00:18:24

fleets of many countries around the world, including for

00:18:26

example the British fleet and for the

00:18:29

Russian imperial fleet, and also

00:18:31

built boats in the First World War Russia

00:18:34

delivered 11 adige

00:18:36

in 1941. The

00:18:38

Black Sea Fleet had five such submarines left

00:18:40

throughout the twenties. They were

00:18:43

the basis of the submarine forces on the Black Sea.

00:18:46

It was these boats that had the American head by the

00:18:48

beginning of the war, of course, if you look at it from a

00:18:51

technical point of view, they were of course

00:18:52

outdated, but they were well mastered

00:18:56

and

00:18:57

not, in principle, by personnel, they were quite reliable

00:18:59

from a technical point of view and, as

00:19:01

subsequent combat operations showed, they

00:19:03

quite coped with the tasks

00:19:05

that a type A

00:19:11

submarine would become with a surface displacement of 356 tons,

00:19:15

length 46 meters,

00:19:17

speed on the surface 12.8 knots

00:19:21

underwater 8.5 knots

00:19:25

navigation autonomy then 13 days

00:19:27

cruising range two thousand seven hundred

00:19:30

miles 8 knots maximum

00:19:33

diving depth 50 meters crew

00:19:35

32 people weapons 4 bow

00:19:39

torpedo tubes with a caliber of 450

00:19:42

millimeters ammunition 8 torpedoes artillery

00:19:45

one cannon with a caliber of 45 millimeters

00:19:50

during the war 2 support units died but the

00:19:53

rest three served until its completion,

00:19:55

confirming the high quality of the project

00:19:59

I that it flows around there you are upset

00:20:02

fortresses of Sevastopol

00:20:03

armored vehicles are moving forward the

00:20:06

activity of Soviet submarines off the

00:20:09

coast of Bulgaria and Romania forced the

00:20:11

Germans to hurry up with the assault on

00:20:13

Sevastopol the enemy sought to block the

00:20:16

fortress from the sea at

00:20:19

the beginning of summer 42 combat activity of

00:20:22

submarines the enemy's communications

00:20:24

stopped, they were given a new task:

00:20:27

supplying the besieged garrison, the entire

00:20:30

submarine broke through to Sevastopol 68 times,

00:20:33

delivering it as a defender, thousands of tons of

00:20:35

cargo, took back the wounded,

00:20:38

overcrowded with people, the submarine in the

00:20:40

compartments of which the air was heated to 45

00:20:43

degrees during the day, had to go underwater,

00:20:46

avoiding attacks from enemy aircraft,

00:20:48

surface it was only possible at night,

00:20:50

with the risk of becoming a target for torpedo

00:20:53

boats on the approach to Sevastopol, the boats

00:20:56

had to cross their own minefield

00:21:01

for unloading and receiving the wounded there was a

00:21:03

short time at night, often this

00:21:05

had to be done under fire from

00:21:07

long-range enemy artillery, two

00:21:10

boats did not return from these approaches and

00:21:12

then 23 June, an

00:21:14

M32 submarine that

00:21:18

delivered aviation gasoline got there,

00:21:20

but the vapors that leaked into the compartment from

00:21:24

the tanks exploded and a fire occurred,

00:21:28

this happened early in the morning at dawn,

00:21:30

I was moored in the boat and could have

00:21:32

become easy prey for German

00:21:33

aviation, the operational duty officer

00:21:36

ordered the boats to go out to sea and lie down on the

00:21:39

ground until the evening and with the onset of darkness

00:21:42

to emerge and actively express the submarine

00:21:45

in Samara

00:21:46

and the smell of burning, the smell of gasoline and

00:21:50

petroleum products, it affects the body

00:21:54

who sang who was there with their

00:21:57

head and the bulkhead was beaten until they personally

00:21:59

asked to be shot so

00:22:01

that they would not suffer a painful death,

00:22:04

that is, 12 shutters

00:22:07

only the commander of the

00:22:08

submarine and the foreman of Pustovoytenko were able to think, at 18 o'clock

00:22:14

the commander had already begun to lose consciousness, he

00:22:17

sternly told the

00:22:18

commission of Pustovoytenko by Nikolai that

00:22:21

at 21 o'clock we would definitely wake her up at the cost of

00:22:24

incredible efforts, the

00:22:26

bush zinka would not fall asleep until 20 half an hour

00:22:30

attempts to wake up the commander led to nothing

00:22:33

then he himself was the product of the side of the

00:22:36

main ballast weather letter words the

00:22:41

next day the baby

00:22:43

returned safely to Novorossiysk

00:22:46

for his feat Nikolay Pustovoytenko was

00:22:48

awarded the Order of the Red Banner

00:22:52

after the fall of Sevastopol the Black Sea

00:22:55

submariners returned to combat

00:22:56

on enemy communications

00:22:58

his convoy now began to sail from the

00:23:01

northwestern part of the sea Yes, the

00:23:02

Kerch Strait, the

00:23:04

German fleet by that time already

00:23:06

included small minesweepers, torpedo boats

00:23:08

and a large number of high-speed

00:23:11

landing barges, which were used both

00:23:13

for transportation and as a

00:23:15

pride;

00:23:17

this significantly strengthened security to the sea;

00:23:20

moreover, along their Black Sea

00:23:22

communications, the Germans placed over 1800

00:23:25

anti-submarine mines starting from July to the

00:23:28

end of 1942, a total of seven

00:23:31

submarines,

00:23:32

unfortunately the Black Sea Fleet

00:23:34

lost another submarine there again

00:23:36

received heavy damage, in this

00:23:40

case also the command of the Black Sea

00:23:41

Fleet did not immediately respond to

00:23:44

receiving this data, the buttons continued to be

00:23:46

sent to date,

00:23:48

most of them

00:23:50

have been discovered and examined on the ground

00:23:54

unfortunately 7 submarine crews

00:23:58

gave their lives for their homeland in these

00:24:00

difficult conditions

00:24:06

in response to mine laying, our

00:24:09

submariners developed new tactics

00:24:11

one of the pioneers of new methods

00:24:14

was the commander of the M35 captain-lieutenant

00:24:17

Mikhail sinned of October 21, 42 the

00:24:21

area of the Romanian port Sulin Harry Shilov has

00:24:25

already been waiting for the sixth day for a suitable

00:24:27

baby to lie on the ground on the small and

00:24:29

Bennett but also the periscope on the surface

00:24:32

during an attack from an underwater

00:24:36

position for the commander the periscope

00:24:38

is the main tool for

00:24:41

this periscope

00:24:43

there are a number of special devices

00:24:46

that allow you to specifically determine the

00:24:47

distance to the target there, there is no range finder

00:24:50

to determine the speed of the target the device

00:24:52

is called a stationary line in

00:24:53

space resco will help in principle

00:24:55

to be connected to the camera under connected

00:24:58

with the help of which means it is recorded for

00:24:59

example the result of an attack if the periscope

00:25:02

is the eyes of woodkid at the hydroacoustic

00:25:04

station this is above it carefully listening to the

00:25:08

seas hydroacoustics

00:25:11

new tactics sinned you patiently

00:25:13

to wait for the enemy in ambush,

00:25:15

firstly, the boat does not scour the entire

00:25:18

position since there is a great

00:25:19

danger of being blown up by a mine,

00:25:21

and secondly, it saves

00:25:23

battery power and fuel.

00:25:26

Great skill was required to move through shallow

00:25:28

water and carefully place the boat on the

00:25:31

ground at such a depth that the periscope

00:25:33

was on surface, the commander of the

00:25:36

submarine receives reports hydra

00:25:37

bush roughly estimated the distance of

00:25:42

the direction where the target is moving,

00:25:44

choosing the place where he should surface in

00:25:47

order to most advantageously carry out

00:25:49

the attack, and such a target appeared in the evening

00:25:52

twilight, a convoy from the

00:25:55

memories of Mikhail sinned, you have never been

00:25:58

so afraid of a miss as on this time

00:26:00

it seemed that if the torpedoes passed the hull of the

00:26:03

transport, the heart could not stand it, he

00:26:05

would order to surface and, in sight of the patrol

00:26:07

ship, open fire on the enemy from the gun, the

00:26:10

black hull of the enemy transport was

00:26:12

slowly approaching, I sent two

00:26:15

torpedoes

00:26:16

one after the other,

00:26:20

only after the war

00:26:22

it became known from Romanian documents that he

00:26:23

sent to the bottom was the German tanker

00:26:25

progress carrying almost

00:26:28

500 tons of oil and gasoline on that voyage; this fuel

00:26:32

could have been enough to fully refuel a

00:26:34

thousand tanks.

00:26:35

For this and previous successes, for the first time since the

00:26:38

beginning of the war, the commander of the M35 was awarded the

00:26:41

military award of the Order of the Red Banner,

00:26:44

and it was Mikhail who worked out this method

00:26:47

sinned you several such

00:26:50

attacks he carried out and subsequently

00:26:53

began to be used more widely by the

00:26:54

commanders of other submarines and gave

00:26:57

a number of results after the

00:26:59

boats began to be based in the ports of

00:27:01

the Caucasus

00:27:02

they had to cross the entire Black Sea the

00:27:04

range of campaigns greatly increased the boat

00:27:08

sinned his little one had a small radius of

00:27:10

action

00:27:11

it was intended for the PC

00:27:12

in Gusev operation and not on the coast the

00:27:15

fuel supply was not enough, although there was an

00:27:17

option for the

00:27:19

main ballast tank number four to

00:27:21

receive fuel instead of water, therefore,

00:27:25

according to an already existing model on boats, it was

00:27:28

produced before equipping the

00:27:30

main ballast tank number 3 also for

00:27:32

receiving fuel and this made it possible, purely

00:27:35

by fuel supply, to cross the Black Sea

00:27:39

to operate off the western coast of the

00:27:42

Black Sea and return back to the

00:27:44

Caucasus coast at the beginning of 43,

00:27:47

the counter-offensive at Stalingrad

00:27:48

led to the isolation of the 17th German army on the

00:27:52

Kuban bridgehead

00:27:53

and supplies were now carried out

00:27:56

only through the Kerch Strait

00:27:58

in connection with this, the submarines of the Black Sea

00:28:01

Fleet were redirected to the shores of the Crimea

00:28:03

and large submarines, medium

00:28:05

submarines, mainly operated off the

00:28:07

western coast of the Crimea at Cape

00:28:09

Tarkhankut near Sevastopol, trying to cut off the

00:28:12

movements of convoys from Odessa to

00:28:14

Sevastopol and from Constantia to Sevastopol,

00:28:16

Malyutka class submarines

00:28:19

they operated along the southern coast of

00:28:20

Crimea on the approaches to the Kerch Strait

00:28:23

and on the approaches to NATO in the summer of forty-

00:28:27

three, Germany, which was in dire

00:28:29

need of supplies of chromium for

00:28:31

the production of weapons, entered into an

00:28:33

agreement with the Turks on its purchase; chromium

00:28:36

ore was to be delivered on

00:28:38

German ships from there to the

00:28:40

port of both Bulgaria and Romania smile 43

00:28:43

years when these deliveries gained a

00:28:45

certain momentum, the submarines of

00:28:47

the Black Sea Fleet began to blockade the

00:28:51

Bosphorus Strait and attempts to destroy these

00:28:54

ships, not all of these attempts achieved success, but there were

00:28:57

several striking successes, in

00:28:59

particular the submarine Shcha 215, which was

00:29:03

commanded by Mikhail Sin, who received

00:29:06

43 years of assignment of the Malyutka type stacks

00:29:09

to

00:29:10

he sank the pike the German ship this

00:29:14

had 1,700 tons of chrome ore on board

00:29:19

at the beginning of August another pike 216

00:29:23

was torpedoed and the tanker firuze

00:29:26

was attacked on Mars despite the powerful

00:29:28

security of the convoys they were accompanied by German

00:29:31

anti-submarine ships and the main forces of the

00:29:33

Romanian fleet destroyers,

00:29:35

however, the experience of the war taught Soviet

00:29:38

submariners to bypass even such protection

00:29:42

[music]

00:29:45

in the fall of forty-three, even if the

00:29:47

successful offensive of the Red Army in the

00:29:49

Crimea was blocked by the 17th Wehrmacht Army,

00:29:52

which crossed to the

00:29:55

coastal peninsula, where their

00:29:56

main supply route was the sea, the

00:29:59

German command requested the fleet and the

00:30:01

monthly delivery of 45 thousand tons of cargo

00:30:05

this became a new challenge for the Black Sea people; a

00:30:08

directive from the High Command headquarters; the

00:30:10

Black Sea Fleet was ordered to

00:30:12

blockade the ports of Crimea; our submariners

00:30:15

took care of the German sagana; all

00:30:18

communications of the Black Sea;

00:30:20

submarine commander, hero of the

00:30:22

Soviet Union, captain of the 3rd rank

00:30:24

Trefilov; urgent dive

00:30:34

and one dozen German ships

00:30:38

found their grave at the bottom of the Black Sea by

00:30:42

the end of the year, Soviet submariners sank

00:30:43

and damaged with all types of weapons twenty-

00:30:46

two ships and an enemy vessel,

00:30:49

including seven large ones, which seriously weakened the

00:30:51

German transport fleet on the Black

00:30:53

Sea, the submarine

00:30:58

L4 of captain 3rd rank Evgeniy Polyakov was noted for its victories, and the

00:31:02

transport and elevator operator died from

00:31:05

it The landing barsha was also damaged by artillery fire.

00:31:09

M111 captain-lieutenant Yaroslav was lucky

00:31:12

and overpowered on August 28.

00:31:16

I discovered a German convoy on the approaches

00:31:18

and Sevastopol,

00:31:20

the situation was complicated by the fact that the day before

00:31:22

the Germans spotted another boat under the approaches to the port

00:31:25

and were waiting for an attack to

00:31:27

guarantee success, the commander

00:31:29

approached with the convoy at a distance of only

00:31:31

350 meters, one of the torpedoes it fired

00:31:35

hit the motor ship Heinrich,

00:31:37

tearing off its bow, the ship was out of

00:31:40

action until the end of the war, the

00:31:41

convoy guard ships and 2

00:31:44

nearby groups of

00:31:46

anti-submarine ships fiercely

00:31:49

bombed the m111,

00:31:50

dropping more than six dozen depth charges on it

00:31:54

from explosions due to a fight, the

00:31:56

secret of the lagoda was torn off from the top cover of the robust hatch;

00:32:00

part of the bottom cover survived and the boat did

00:32:02

not flood; the robust hull was deformed;

00:32:05

5 compartments were damaged;

00:32:08

many measuring instruments were damaged in order

00:32:10

to break away from the pursuers and the

00:32:12

reinforcement entered its own minefield;

00:32:15

the risk turned out to be justified; the Germans did not decided to

00:32:18

pursue the little one, declaring her

00:32:20

sunk,

00:32:21

the boat returned to base after repairs

00:32:24

m111 continued to go to sea and in November

00:32:27

sank a large transport

00:32:29

Theodoric

00:32:31

[music]

00:32:32

read 1944, the submarine brigade of the

00:32:35

fleet still numbered 29 units,

00:32:39

but due to poor technical

00:32:41

condition they were prepared only 21

00:32:44

submarines, of which already in the first

00:32:47

quarter, three submarines died,

00:32:49

along with the brigade commander,

00:32:51

captain 1st rank, Krestovsky, the last

00:32:58

period of the war on the Black Sea, the enemy

00:33:00

further strengthened anti-submarine

00:33:02

defense off the coast of the Crimea,

00:33:03

the Germans laid out an additional

00:33:06

minefield, and each convoy was

00:33:09

now guarded by large and small hunters for

00:33:11

submarines as well as seaplanes

00:33:16

worn out submarines on many of which

00:33:18

during 43 the commanders were replaced

00:33:21

could not operate effectively in the new

00:33:23

conditions

00:33:24

as a result of

00:33:26

not a single victory during the first quarter of the year this

00:33:29

situation persisted in April when the Black Sea

00:33:32

Fleet took part in the

00:33:33

liberation operation Crimea

00:33:36

[music] the

00:33:37

northwestern part of the sea was divided

00:33:39

into 16 positions,

00:33:41

but due to the lack of serviceable boats

00:33:43

it was possible to occupy only a part of them; the boats kept in

00:33:46

touch by radio with reconnaissance aircraft

00:33:48

with the brigade commander and with each other,

00:33:51

thanks to this, in a number of cases it was possible to

00:33:53

direct the same convoy of several submarines at once,

00:33:58

however, this did not always help to successfully

00:34:01

attack German transports were well

00:34:04

guarded from 27a, so

00:34:07

only 1 was successful on May 11, 44, submarine

00:34:12

l4, commanders of Evgeniy Polyakov,

00:34:15

torpedoed the tanker frederique,

00:34:17

this tanker, according to the calculations of the German

00:34:20

command Bausch, it was already after the

00:34:21

fall of Sevastopol, the meaning of Chersonesos was

00:34:24

to gather up to 10 thousand German soldiers from the

00:34:27

broken parts of the formation, a

00:34:30

torpedo hit the engine room, the

00:34:31

engine room was flooded, you

00:34:33

completely lost power and were

00:34:35

dragged back to Constanta at the maximum,

00:34:38

naturally, for these soldiers, who on

00:34:41

this day, to the reaction of the Kaliki, would deliver the

00:34:46

final blow comment or crash where

00:34:50

at the beginning of the war the Germans took

00:34:53

two hundred and fifty days to overcome

00:34:55

the defense of Soviet soldiers there now the

00:34:57

Red Army is with you against the German

00:34:59

resistance for up to 5 days

00:35:06

in May 44 Sevastopol was liberated on

00:35:13

November 5 the Black Sea fleet returned to its

00:35:14

native Sevastopol bay a

00:35:17

sea of people poured onto the shore to

00:35:19

meet the ships that survived in a fierce

00:35:21

battle with the enemy to hug the sailors of their

00:35:24

commanders, the newsreel captured this

00:35:27

solemn meeting of the heroes, many of

00:35:31

them will receive high awards for their

00:35:33

exploits, including the legendary commander of the

00:35:36

distinguished submarines,

00:35:37

among them Mikhail Sin, whose

00:35:40

ingenuity and endurance helped to

00:35:42

sink 4 enemy ships and more one

00:35:45

seriously damaged in May 44 sinned of

00:35:49

became a hero of the Soviet Union and 2 of his

00:35:51

submarines received the highest answering rank of

00:35:54

guards

00:35:55

[music]

00:35:57

today, many decades after the

00:35:59

end of the great

00:36:01

effective Sevastopol, the account also

00:36:03

salutes the Black Sea sailors before them

00:36:06

now there are new challenges and tasks

00:36:08

and behind

00:36:10

his predecessors who once

00:36:12

returned to these shores with a great

00:36:14

victory

00:36:17

[music]

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