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Video tags
Subtitles
Russian
00:00:02
[music]00:00:16
[music] the00:00:22
victory parade was the last thing the00:00:24
authorities refused, the companies were already closed, the00:00:26
street was empty and it became clear00:00:28
that if the parade took place, it would be in empty00:00:30
stands,00:00:31
and yet the authorities hoped for a miracle and00:00:33
only three weeks before the event00:00:35
officially announced that the parade in Moscow there00:00:37
will be no for the first time in 25 years00:00:39
[music]00:00:42
[applause]00:00:45
[music]00:00:56
[applause]00:00:59
unity brother and the party and the people00:01:02
[applause]00:01:05
[music]00:01:12
[music]00:01:19
I am a major general of aviation,00:01:23
hero of the Soviet Union tourmaline jambs00:01:26
Makarych is currently happening to the virus00:01:29
is similar to mine and the action is my array and00:01:33
she is equally hers when the population00:01:36
sits at home and you fought only the army show00:01:48
life it opens with you00:01:50
Charles is one of the last living00:01:53
aviators of the Toskega detachment he flew 13000:01:57
combat missions in World War II he00:01:59
served America in Korea and Vietnam00:02:01
a few weeks ago I signed a decree00:02:04
promoting Charles Magee00:02:05
to the rank of brigadier general, in the00:02:08
oval office I attached stars to his epaulets as a00:02:11
gay general, our people salute you, thank you,00:02:20
he will give you, they probably thought when they00:02:23
started serving that you had00:02:24
so many wars ahead of you, 30 years of combat sorties,00:02:29
absolutely right, I love to fly, but00:02:32
why did I, how did this happen, so many00:02:35
tasks, so many opportunities that00:02:37
military service provided me, I00:02:39
don’t have an answer, I’m just happy00:02:41
now, I would be here and tell my00:02:43
stories to the young00:02:45
for Sergei Kramarenko, Charles McGee, the war00:02:48
didn’t end in ’45,00:02:50
it didn’t stop and for Conor on her face00:02:52
and Harald the Yankees, their fathers made airplanes00:02:55
for the Third Reich and then they were00:02:56
forcibly taken to the USSR00:02:58
to work for the Soviet military00:02:59
industry, they all had to00:03:02
take part in one way or another in those wars00:03:04
that unfolded after the great00:03:06
victory,00:03:10
how everyone rejoiced 75 years ago00:03:14
when the war in Europe ended, how much00:03:16
hope there was, we had a common victory and it00:03:18
seemed who would start00:03:20
wars now, today we know that they were started by the00:03:22
brothers of the winners immediately after the World00:03:25
War, the winners became each other’s souls and00:03:27
this is a familiar picture, although in fact00:03:29
it’s strange we Let's follow the fates of00:03:31
four people, two winners, two00:03:33
losers, we'll talk to the best00:03:35
historians about why everything happened00:03:37
exactly like that,00:03:39
luckily they hit me in the wing, they hit the00:03:41
cockpit, otherwise I wouldn't be sitting here right now00:03:44
with a fish in my ear, waved my hand and said00:03:47
to expand me with the Arbat in the gamut they slept00:03:50
secret was everything about what my parents were00:03:51
doing in the USSR and private life and00:03:54
professional activities00:03:56
I always wanted to be in Russia and Germany00:04:01
it was kind of necessary00:04:14
30 were a difficult and half-starved00:04:17
decade, but it was a time when00:04:19
dreams came true quickly helium was very00:04:22
keen on the nuances were not with a very00:04:27
pleasant listener, a pilot who flew00:04:30
around the Soviet Union in Russia in the Soviet00:04:33
Union, Sergei Makarovich Kramarenko00:04:35
was born in the village of Kalinovka, Kharkov00:04:37
province in 1923, graduated from school in the 10th00:04:43
grade, went to the head immediately studied in the00:04:51
first year and then lives on soot without00:04:55
shareholders,00:04:56
oracle cadets I never thought00:05:07
that I would become a military man, I was in college when00:05:10
I found out that there was such an opportunity for a black00:05:12
American to learn to fly00:05:14
an airplane, I thought, okay, I’ll try to pass the00:05:17
pilot’s exam and after the first00:05:20
flight I realized that I had made the right00:05:22
choice, I became an absolute fan of aviation,00:05:25
Charles McGee was born in 191900:05:29
in Cleveland in the family of a teacher and as a00:05:31
child he never even saw airplanes. He was00:05:33
preparing to become an engineer. As a child I was00:05:37
taught that you should treat others the00:05:39
way you want to be treated.00:05:42
Fortunately, I still managed to attend00:05:44
the Boy Scouts and it was a good school.00:05:46
rules of life00:05:48
Conrad's father and person Johannes before the war00:05:51
worked at the Heinkel aircraft plant in00:05:52
Germany, where they made high-speed00:05:54
bombers that had never been seen anywhere else00:05:56
in the world, Tenji New York, and engineers who00:05:58
held senior positions at such00:06:00
defense enterprises were in a00:06:03
privileged position;00:06:04
they were exempted from military duty,00:06:06
so my family did better00:06:09
than others00:06:10
in which fathers, starting at 39, had to00:06:13
go to the front, I think from the very beginning he00:06:16
wanted to work in the aviation00:06:18
industry because it was the00:06:20
most innovative, not because he00:06:22
was a member of the National Socialist00:06:23
Party,00:06:24
Konrad sing persons speaks to us against the backdrop of a00:06:26
fragment of an airplane that became the00:06:28
last big work of his father, but more on00:06:30
that later, Charles Magee was incredibly00:06:32
lucky, he became one of the first00:06:33
black pilots in America, it was a00:06:36
Toskegee squad made entirely of African and00:06:39
Caribbean Americans, but the pilot school00:06:41
was in Alabama in the American South00:06:43
where the blacks they could not take seats in the00:06:45
carriages next to whites, where they had to00:06:47
behave extremely carefully in public00:06:49
places, they simply avoided them, and00:06:51
Charles saw all this for the first time, he saw the cable in the00:06:54
relatively free north, then in00:06:59
America there was strong racial00:07:01
segregation, there was a prejudice that blacks could00:07:03
not cope with machine, but the blacks00:07:06
made good aircraft mechanics, and then00:07:08
they thought,00:07:09
but since such a thing might as well train them to become pilots, they00:07:12
gave us an airfield for00:07:14
training, military a drum Toskigi,00:07:17
and there they trained four flights of fighter00:07:19
pilots and 4 bomber pilots,00:07:23
for McGee, they were sent to the front in forty-00:07:26
four he knew that the USSR was now00:07:28
allies of the river, but before that00:07:31
practically nothing had been heard about Soviet Russia;00:07:33
he also knew that the planes on which00:07:35
he himself flew, the P-47 and P-51 fighters, were00:07:38
now being supplied to the Red Army as00:07:40
part of Lend-Lease.00:07:42
our right pen00:07:45
[music]00:07:48
check of seedlings for a year Americans from Jane00:07:51
and no support at all00:07:53
bubble hands dog to the candidate00:07:56
[music]00:07:59
Sergei Kramarenko also understood that the00:08:01
Americans are now allies in the war00:08:03
against Germany, but he00:08:04
himself has not seen American planes and flew on a00:08:06
Soviet La-5 so that the members were00:08:14
that they were helping the British to fight, they were already00:08:21
preparing to go to war and there was00:08:23
help, but they00:08:25
practically didn’t receive mine. We fought on00:08:28
Soviet planes. Harald’s father was00:08:32
not taken to the front because he00:08:33
worked at a factory where they produced00:08:35
searchlights for air defense00:08:37
in the end. your family moved from measures00:08:40
to burki galya due to the fact that allied aviation00:08:42
destroyed their house meat while time would a00:08:45
pound house in the world zire burg there is a wonderful00:08:48
cathedral this was baptized in forty-one00:08:51
this is a very tall cathedral obviously for00:08:54
American and British aircraft00:08:56
it served a landmark during an air raid00:08:58
when they bombed the nearby00:09:00
industrial zone of the town of Lleyn, where00:09:03
liquid fuel was produced from coal, the00:09:05
Allied aircraft tried to destroy this00:09:07
production, but for one thing they00:09:09
destroyed Merseburg itself,00:09:11
although from a military point of view there was no point in this,00:09:14
so our house was lost under the bombs00:09:19
Charles McGee saw Germany for the first time00:09:21
through a sight, he shot at00:09:24
enemy airfields and attacked his planes in the00:09:26
air, the enemy was00:09:27
amazingly strong here, the very deaths, the enemy00:09:30
created more and more advanced00:09:32
machines, we thought that our b00:09:36
-17 b-24 bombers had enough00:09:39
guns to protect them from it00:09:41
turned out there was no German aviation00:09:45
[music] we00:09:53
needed a couple said 6th00:09:56
[music]00:09:58
sometimes 12 planes went on a00:10:01
mission and only 6 returned, and00:10:04
with each plane we lost 10 crew members,00:10:07
so our fighter groups were00:10:09
transferred to accompany the bombers,00:10:12
I was among them, we took off from Naples00:10:15
on the P-47 and over the Adriatic were met by our00:10:18
bombers and North Africa so00:10:21
things went better Charles McGee and Sergei00:10:25
Kramarenko never met in battle,00:10:27
but they saw German pilots00:10:29
constantly they had to fight with them00:10:31
[music] the00:10:35
German side had strong pilots00:10:37
they fought for the Nazis, but they defended00:10:40
their homeland00:10:41
and this is not the same thing, we fought to00:10:44
undermine the enemy’s aircraft, they wanted to00:10:46
kill more pilots, if00:10:49
you want, there is a certain brotherhood of pilots and00:10:52
it acted on both sides in00:10:55
1944, Sergei Kramarenko00:10:56
encountered the enemy very close, it00:10:59
was amazing the case is00:11:00
not similar to the usual stories about the00:11:02
war and about the attitude towards the enemy,00:11:03
Sergei Kramarenko’s plane was shot down for the second00:11:06
time during the entire war and this time he was00:11:08
unable to reach the base, surrendering to the bouncers,00:11:11
I attacked so that where the pilot of junkers 8800:11:17
forged shelling and sparked battles in this00:11:21
time I keep the vile guards the fighter00:11:25
opened fire on me space well the altitude00:11:32
was small on the parachute I hit the00:11:35
ground lost consciousness lying at the admitted by them00:11:40
was on them appeared and the Germans were still with00:11:43
them the claim regiment00:11:44
the location of the German regiment how to do the00:11:48
translator approached and00:11:54
asked who because kayabu pilot pilot00:11:58
what happiness is such a plane you are00:12:04
both asleep I was not answering00:12:09
such questions he looked at me00:12:12
so contemptuously he smiled, waved his00:12:16
hand and said [ __ ] there to expand me to00:12:19
his soldiers00:12:22
while a group of officers came out to00:12:25
cross walked00:12:26
these high vanka model in silver in00:12:32
his shoulder straps you are grinning, or the Soviet00:12:35
pilots ordered him to be shot, he00:12:38
said, he said two words that I can00:12:41
hear well online hospital or given, he was00:12:45
lying at the German infirmary for 6 days, our00:12:50
buildings, our tanker, circled around, they began to00:12:54
surround the rut, all the barracks, the Germans, lie down,00:13:01
which was on the edges on the edge of the camp00:13:05
for some reason they became whole and the roots were00:13:10
freed from the wedge now Sergei00:13:14
Kramarenko 98 years old if the German00:13:17
officer had not uttered those two words then00:13:19
his life would have been cut short at the age of 21 and he would have00:13:22
remained forever on the list of missing persons00:13:24
and so the future hero of the Soviet00:13:26
Union returned to his regiment and with00:13:28
him reached Berlin, his final00:13:30
mission in World War II was the defeat of a00:13:32
German column with armored vehicles00:13:34
that was trying to escape from the Soviet troops00:13:36
and surrender to the American00:13:46
live at a zombie in the summer of forty-five, my00:13:50
father took some items from00:13:51
our home from the house situation and went to00:13:54
the village to the peasants to exchange these00:13:56
things, for example, for a backpack, potatoes,00:13:59
you understand that the ende des book was only valued00:14:01
for such specialists as my00:14:04
father, the end of the war turned out successfully, the00:14:06
Soviet administration, in violation of the00:14:08
rental agreement, created the so-00:14:11
called a k b at the Junkers factories and00:14:13
Siebel, near Berlin,00:14:15
specialists in the field of aircraft construction were concentrated there;00:14:18
they worked in the USSR; immediately after the00:14:22
advancing Red Army,00:14:24
detachments of technical specialists went to Germany; they00:14:26
discovered German laboratories; factories;00:14:29
they dug out hidden00:14:31
military drawings from underground through agents; they found00:14:34
military specialists; this was the pursuit of a00:14:37
superweapon that Hitler’s plan00:14:39
was to bring the allies to their00:14:40
knees,00:14:42
Germany’s opponents really did not have such technology, we are00:14:44
talking with aviation historian Dmitry00:14:47
Khazanov, well, despite the difficulties of the last00:14:50
period of the war, a very difficult situation in00:14:53
Germany as a whole, such work continued to be00:14:55
sponsored00:14:57
and the first thing that comes to mind is not a whole00:15:01
constellation jet aircraft, it is lighter than00:15:04
jet engines, it gave a significant00:15:07
advantage in speed to German aircraft00:15:10
that could impose their will on00:15:14
the enemy;00:15:15
they were basically an action only against00:15:17
Anglo-American aviation at the right00:15:19
moment to attack using the00:15:21
speed reserve to get out of the fight; this was admitted by the00:15:24
allies themselves, here is an excerpt from the00:15:26
American film 44 years with an assessment of the00:15:29
military potential of Germany similar to them00:15:31
[music]00:15:33
five years of cars00:15:36
I took hormonal drugs00:15:42
but Germany advanced the furthest in00:15:44
rocket technology at the end of the war Hitler00:15:46
unleashed his newest V-2 missiles on00:15:49
London I had no protection from such missiles00:15:51
and the allies themselves there was00:15:53
nothing like that, Germany was developing an00:15:55
intercontinental missile to00:15:57
deal with the United States,00:15:59
the only thing I didn’t have at that time00:16:01
was nuclear warheads in such a00:16:03
missile, not even just a missile00:16:05
that would reach, well, for example, the00:16:07
territory of the United States, but I00:16:10
also had to mean deadly weapons00:16:15
correspondence charge, but research in the00:16:19
field of atomic energy in Germany was00:16:23
not as good and not as successful as in00:16:27
other areas in 1944,00:16:29
Soviet designers first saw00:16:32
captured V-2s, not a whole, but only a part,00:16:34
and missiles, the famous designer00:16:37
Boris Chertok recalled,00:16:38
I see from a rocket nozzle engine, the00:16:41
lower part of the torso and legs are sticking out engines00:16:44
100 Isaev and the head is somewhere inside, he is00:16:47
inspecting the filling with a flashlight,00:16:49
Bolkhovitinov,00:16:52
the director of the aircraft plant, is sitting on a chair next to him, in deep thought,00:16:55
I approach him, utter a naive question, what is this,00:16:57
this is something that cannot be00:17:01
understood alone of our most talented00:17:03
designers simply did not believe that in00:17:05
war conditions it was possible to create such a00:17:07
huge and powerful rocket engine,00:17:09
one and a half tons of thrust for us was the ultimate00:17:12
dream, but here, based on the size of the00:17:15
nozzle, it turned out that the engine had a thrust of00:17:18
at least 20 tons, what is behind the projectile00:17:21
lifting00:17:26
[music]00:17:27
in At the end of the Second World War, the Soviet Union,00:17:30
Great Britain, the United States00:17:31
received not only samples,00:17:33
they received people who could00:17:35
create such samples. A00:17:36
noticeable mallet structure, I can say00:17:39
that about eight thousand German00:17:43
specialists were used in one or00:17:45
another area for our portraits. So at the end of00:17:49
the war, the allies received the latest weapons00:17:51
that had not really been used yet, but00:17:53
it seemed that it could conquer the whole world,00:17:55
perhaps they had completely different00:17:57
plans, but the temptation to use this weapon00:18:00
was great. Professor at Stanford00:18:02
University Norman Neumark,00:18:04
one of the leading experts on the Cold00:18:06
War, recently published a book, we put and00:18:08
the fate of Europe in which proves that00:18:10
tough the division of Europe was not a foregone conclusion and00:18:13
that it was possible00:18:14
to negotiate with Stalin in a completely different way, he I00:18:17
sui the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the authorities must remember that what00:18:19
happened in history did not00:18:21
have to happen, everything was won by eligna00:18:25
u and taken lowest we don’t know what00:18:27
exactly Stalin was thinking about but we know a few things about00:18:30
him well, he was not a fool, he00:18:32
was a very capable politician who clearly00:18:35
saw what was happening around him,00:18:37
he understood that the Soviet Union at the moment of the00:18:39
great victory was extremely weakened,00:18:41
so exhausted by the war00:18:44
that Stalin did not even reveal to the West00:18:46
how many people died00:18:48
steel old Olympic Jay they say, but00:18:51
Stalin does not behave from a position of weakness,00:18:53
he puts pressure wherever he can, he did not00:18:55
concede in anything, I will forget based on the results of the war for00:18:57
allegiance Anechka from 10 cases of Finland, the00:19:01
Soviet Union could occupy00:19:03
Finland and the United States had no direct00:19:05
interests there, they did not fight together00:19:07
during the war the British had such interests,00:19:09
but the British were ruined and they would00:19:12
not have done anything, and in Czechoslovakia for the00:19:14
first time until the coup happened in00:19:17
February 1948, there was a multi-party00:19:20
system, and in Poland,00:19:22
even in Poland they pretended that they would00:19:24
put up with some kind of multi-party00:19:25
democracy let's declare blessings and there is Karla,00:19:29
even the blockade of Berlin was a complete00:19:31
bluff; Stalin did not need any00:19:34
clashes with the West, which, by the way, would have been00:19:37
suicidal for the Soviet Union and00:19:39
he understood this 1,200 d Professor MGIMO00:19:43
Vladimir Pechatnov historians who carefully00:19:45
studied everything that Stalin Roosevelt and00:19:47
Churchill spoke and wrote to each other, I00:19:49
agree with Norman Na and Mark00:19:51
that the allies had a chance to reach an00:19:53
amicable agreement, but it was not completely00:19:55
different, but the main thing, in my00:19:57
opinion, from the point of view of real military00:20:00
plans, was all 40 what are you when00:20:03
flights have genes states and Great Britain00:20:04
begin the world to become real okay about00:20:08
future battles wars wars in the Soviet Union00:20:12
well, you know for sure that Stalin was aware of00:20:15
this first war plan,00:20:17
Churchill and the operation we are not filming in May of00:20:20
forty-five, but of course I can’t00:20:23
couldn’t help but guard him more than00:20:25
100 sheets and suspicion was actually00:20:28
serious, he ordered when the candle00:20:30
did not deliberately stockpile its00:20:32
German weapons, and the reminder plan00:20:35
provided for the participation of the remnants of the00:20:38
German Wehrmacht army in this war and the00:20:41
Polish units that were on the00:20:44
side of the Allies who fought in the Middle00:20:46
East as well then a serious matter00:20:48
which of course is on the table and the suspicions are very00:20:52
sharp somewhat upward of course Yalta00:20:55
will give then nuclear00:20:58
Hiroshima and Nagasaki a very serious00:21:01
milestone in the Soviet Union in the eyes of the00:21:04
Soviet leadership the new world of mothers00:21:06
for this new weapon which I have00:21:09
not yet had00:21:22
and in my opinion it is absolutely clear that atomic00:21:27
the bomb played a huge role in the00:21:29
superiority that the USA had in those years,00:21:32
but there is no need to overestimate the superweapon;00:21:35
much more important was the fact that00:21:37
at that time we produced half of the00:21:39
world's gross product, and yet Sasha,00:21:43
having received the bomb, began to draw plans for an attack00:21:45
on Soviet cities;00:21:46
Stalin took possession of the bombs and began strict00:21:49
Sovietization in Eastern Europe, the bomb00:21:51
quarreled the allies, finally this is a00:21:55
platform of karon and content and down here00:21:58
is it all and i choose for world on fire,00:22:04
and as for the impact of our atomic00:22:07
bombs not allies, oddly enough, it00:22:12
pushed Washington military00:22:15
hawks who understood that00:22:17
there was a bomb the soviet union has no00:22:20
delivery means yet, only00:22:23
petka aviation did not yet have a full-fledged00:22:26
missile, so00:22:28
the moment was just expected when it was possible, from the point of view of00:22:30
these military, especially the strategic00:22:33
aviation of the united states, to deliver a00:22:35
preemptive strike on the00:22:37
then unarmed soviet union, but this is about fortunately,00:22:40
science nike didn’t happen on its own teeth,00:22:46
but here it’s yours00:22:48
for the factor rambam with mine myself, and the bik00:22:50
bank for00:23:11
now00:23:14
170 has00:23:15
not exceeded firmly00:23:16
yet a person00:23:28
he considers oriflame wealth. so we will00:23:31
continue to be convinced spread on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on on00:23:39
on00:23:41
[music]00:23:43
in the fifties in America they announced00:23:45
that atomic secrets were stolen by Soviet00:23:47
spies and this had its own true,00:23:49
but this was only part of the truth,00:23:50
relatively recently it became known that00:23:52
German physicists helped Moscow make a bomb,00:23:55
and German rocket scientists helped make00:23:57
rockets, and not only in Russia,00:23:58
the Allies agreed to make sure that00:24:00
Germany could no longer start wars,00:24:03
they drove out the spirit of war from there,00:24:05
but now it has moved to after he sat down00:24:07
and or the network, of course, from the USA and the Soviet00:24:10
Union tried to get out of Germany everything they00:24:12
could, there was a00:24:13
chase for physicists and there the cheeks for the00:24:16
rocket scientist my aeronautics specialists, the00:24:19
Soviet Union got a lot,00:24:21
especially in Berlin, you were the first00:24:23
to occupy Berlin,00:24:25
we came there when there was nothing left there00:24:27
weren’t any left, but we also succeeded a lot, of00:24:30
course it’s important that the German scientists00:24:32
mostly fled in our direction,00:24:34
they tried to find the socks of Bernard von00:24:37
Braun, who, you know, exclaimed where are the00:24:39
Americans, where are the Americans, the leading00:24:43
designers, as a rule, were members of the00:24:45
Nazi party, this meant that the00:24:47
winners could give them away to trial and00:24:49
many specialists fled to the West,00:24:50
reasoning that if there was a prison, it would be better not a00:24:53
Soviet one; were there any00:24:54
agreements between the allies00:24:57
during the war about what to do with the military00:25:00
potential of Germany and whether it was permissible to00:25:02
use military specialists for00:25:05
their own purposes? I know from the trick there were no00:25:08
special agreements in this regard,00:25:10
therefore, when the country came to one of those, but00:25:13
the temptation was in the Belik swamp to use00:25:15
the expertise of German specialists and for00:25:18
work, especially during the summer experience. On October 22,00:25:24
1946, the USSR carried out the Osoaviakhim operation in Germany00:25:27
on one day, all the specialists Moscow needed,00:25:30
aircraft designers, rocket scientists,00:25:33
gunsmiths In addition to the nuclear physicists,00:25:35
they were taken first by only 2,200 people,00:25:38
plus members of their families, another four thousand00:25:40
were loaded into wagons and sent by rail00:25:44
to the Soviet Union song there00:25:46
is no Assad meine mutter, my mother told00:25:48
me that at five in the morning on April 22, 1946, a00:25:52
Soviet appeared at the gate of our house00:25:54
the captain himself00:25:55
driving two soldiers machine guns he even00:25:58
spoke in German the captain said00:26:00
according to order number 228 you00:26:03
are leaving for the Soviet Union for at least00:26:06
5 years00:26:07
pack your things we will be back by noon everything00:26:10
you manage to collect00:26:11
will be loaded into a truck everything you don’t00:26:13
have time will remain here imagine00:26:16
mine a mother with three sons, 2, 4 and 5 years old, and00:26:20
so she sets off, God knows where,00:26:23
1,800 kilometers away, we rode on wooden00:26:26
benches into the fire and third class, and so00:26:28
almost two weeks00:26:30
later, one of my friends recalled, it00:26:32
didn’t matter where we were going, it was00:26:35
important to survive, it was the first in history00:26:38
mass deportation of specialists,00:26:41
engineers, even workers from Junkers00:26:44
Heinkel Siebel BMW factories came to Russia,00:26:47
aircraft designers were divided, one group00:26:49
went to the village of00:26:50
Podberezye near Moscow, the other to the Kuibyshev00:26:52
administrative village in the early two thousandths,00:26:55
when Soviet archives about this had just00:26:56
begun to open, professor of Samara00:26:59
University Vyacheslav Paramonov was able to00:27:01
look in into the personal affairs of displaced00:27:03
Germans and talk to those Russians00:27:05
who worked with them in the production of00:27:07
questionnaires, more than 600 were that is, as many00:27:10
as the specialist came to the column and00:27:13
sometimes with children and the style of00:27:16
family members was reflected in them and00:27:20
what kind of studies they00:27:21
wrote then that, in principle, they were not even00:27:25
certified German specialists,00:27:27
they received education in the00:27:29
3rd year of our universities, party00:27:33
affiliation, most of them were00:27:36
members of the Nazi party, well, it’s understandable since there00:27:40
was such a system to00:27:41
approach this with understanding, the plant00:27:45
worked people who had previously fought with the00:27:47
Germans, on the contrary, that is, for them it was an00:27:48
enemy face to face with this recent00:27:51
front-line soldiers who ended up here and the00:27:54
eyes work at the factory, the final00:27:56
perception, but then they of course00:28:01
changed their position, so I asked the same Orlov00:28:03
then I asked the storm how it was00:28:06
within the framework, but00:28:07
they began to appreciate them for the work who worked the00:28:10
nature of the sea and tanzen should try something the00:28:14
parents left and were completely00:28:16
destroyed by the war de savoie galya00:28:18
feuilleton day secretly and suddenly brought to the00:28:21
wonderful nature around under the birch tree it00:28:23
was a huge forest00:28:25
[music]00:28:34
for a long time 800 fascist us children Russian00:28:38
guys called everyone fascists you are a00:28:40
fascist00:28:41
but nothing surprising specialists00:28:44
from the country and the one that lost the war00:28:45
are resettled on one side of the street where00:28:47
new wooden houses have been built00:28:50
and on the other side live local00:28:52
villagers in dilapidated huts, they are noticeably00:28:54
worse supplied with food to the00:28:56
Germans, their store in which00:28:59
only we had the right to make purchases,00:29:01
and so on, the difference is you from the window I appreciate it,00:29:04
I know from the stories that Russian00:29:06
employees spoke very respectfully00:29:08
of the German approach to work;00:29:10
the German appeared at the workplace at exactly00:29:12
eight o'clock; put things in order; got to00:29:15
work from 12 to 2; went on a lunch00:29:17
break,00:29:18
clearing everything away from the desktop; and00:29:20
returned after lunch00:29:23
He also continued his work conscientiously and concentratedly,00:29:26
apparently this was very different from the style of00:29:28
work of the Soviet comrades, in any00:29:30
case, the Germans worked so diligently, it was00:29:33
striking to them the Germans, for example,00:29:36
every day they wrote down in their work00:29:38
diaries everything that they managed to make during the shift,00:29:41
such decisions were00:29:43
made today, what were changes and so on, it00:29:46
was the German style of work00:29:50
while German specialists deep in00:29:53
Russia were setting up the production of00:29:55
jet engines and designing00:29:57
new military aircraft, the first00:29:59
hot war began with the participation of the USSR and the USA, the00:30:02
Korean War in 1950, with00:30:04
the blessing of Stalin, the people's army of00:30:07
North Korea went to war against the00:30:09
capitalist Youth was00:30:11
abandoned by the United States together with the international00:30:13
coalition to save the southerners,00:30:14
and China came to the aid of the communists,00:30:16
Stalin did not send infantry, but under the00:30:19
guise of the Chinese he sent his pilots to the war,00:30:20
so Charles McGee and Sergei00:30:23
Kramarenko ended up in the skies of Korea already00:30:25
as enemies,00:30:37
our pilots all underwent extensive military00:30:43
training to ask heavy these things fights00:30:46
basically the whole floor was00:30:49
participants in the war the gap is filled the war00:30:52
was fought against American pilots00:30:55
who fought on older planes00:30:58
our planes mid bb a moment from us00:31:04
their last release jet aviation00:31:07
which was just beginning in the Second00:31:09
World War now dominated the air00:31:11
Soviet pilots recalled that at first00:31:13
there were hesitations to shoot former00:31:15
allies like this, but the war became hotter and00:31:18
soon both sides were shooting with all their might,00:31:20
the newest Soviet MIG-15 became a00:31:22
curse, the Americans also helped him00:31:24
create00:31:25
no, neither the Germans, everything was much more interesting00:31:27
in different years, but for us when there were00:31:32
very important large funds00:31:34
appeared in aircraft construction, success on those00:31:36
skills slowed down the development of the lack of00:31:40
powerful modern00:31:42
breakthroughs that allowed the00:31:45
milestone to accelerate development were associated with the00:31:49
successful acquisition of00:31:50
licenses and licenses00:31:56
for Nina derwent engines were purchased here, apparently we must00:32:00
pay tribute to Anastas Ivanovich Mikoyan, they00:32:02
played very well for the then00:32:05
contradictions between Great Britain and the USA and00:32:08
still buy this license, then00:32:12
we purchased several engines, put00:32:15
it all together, studied it, and the00:32:17
Americans very quickly realized that they were00:32:23
inferior and people even had a scandal about how00:32:27
these ultra-modern promising00:32:30
engines were sold in June 51, Sergei00:32:33
Kramarenko on his MiG-15 shot down Glen00:32:36
Eagles the price of one of the most famous00:32:37
American aces of the Second World War00:32:40
evil groan made an emergency landing and did00:32:42
not take part in the war anymore00:32:46
animals that00:32:49
turned 30 planes lost only00:32:54
ten years of counting and most importantly we00:32:57
shot at 800 meters American00:33:02
planes all were expressed by machine guns00:33:05
that fired only at 400 meters and00:33:08
from 800 meters blowing to the bodies they00:33:10
shot at the American plane,00:33:13
beat them, let's look at the legendary00:33:16
MiG-15 fighter, they can be found in Russia,00:33:19
although mostly in the form of00:33:21
monuments standing on pedestals, I00:33:23
make a monument captured once here in00:33:25
the Vladimir region at the site of the death of00:33:27
Yuri Gagarin before the first cosmonaut in the history of the00:33:30
earth crashed while flying00:33:33
on just such a machine, we got to the00:33:40
plane, it’s00:33:41
growing, it’s small, very00:33:47
compact with a swept wing,00:33:49
it was the first sign of such00:33:54
truly jet aviation, but it00:33:56
was a complete waste and00:34:00
reproduced in thousands of copies it00:34:03
was produced not only in our country but00:34:07
strangely in the socialist commonwealth00:34:09
these machines were armed with a plane of00:34:13
soldiers that never failed00:34:16
surprisingly successfully for its time00:34:26
[music] the00:34:37
Korean War was extremely cruel00:34:39
almost a million soldiers on each side00:34:41
massacres of civilians00:34:43
torture and executions captivity00:34:45
although Charles McGee and Sergei Kramarenko00:34:47
fought in a narrow patch of sky at the00:34:49
same time they never met the00:34:51
Soviet pilot staged air00:34:53
duels at high altitudes the American00:34:55
flew closer to the ground firing at00:34:57
ground targets in00:35:01
Korea I was engaged in ground support00:35:04
never encountered with blinks00:35:07
because they were somewhere far away and we were00:35:09
dealing with Chinese troops on the ground,00:35:11
this was also a big chapter in the history of the00:35:13
Korean War, our commander wanted to00:35:16
prevent the Chinese from entering the war,00:35:18
but because of politics he was not allowed to00:35:21
do this, which left us with a divided00:35:24
Korea in In that war, the Magi commander was killed00:35:27
and he himself came under fire from the North Korean00:35:29
PVA and returned to base practically on00:35:32
one wing in Europe, I didn’t get00:35:36
a scratch even though I fought for almost a year, and in00:35:39
Korea, when we were working on targets on00:35:41
the ground, we were given the task of00:35:43
enemy guns on at the same height00:35:45
with which they were holding back the00:35:47
advance of our forces to the north, I realized00:35:50
that while I was firing at the gun from below,00:35:52
they were shooting quite fortunately, they hit00:35:58
me in the wing, they hit me in the cockpit,00:35:59
otherwise I wouldn’t be sitting here with you, somehow00:36:02
we managed to reach the plane the bases00:36:04
gave me another one on which I made00:36:06
more than 100 sorties in Korea, this war00:36:09
could have become a nuclear conflict, the00:36:11
commander of the American forces, General00:36:13
MacArthur, proposed to the president in the morning -00:36:15
to throw an atomic bomb on North Korea,00:36:17
but the president did not dare, did you know00:36:21
that the American command wants to00:36:23
drop an atomic bomb on North Korea,00:36:25
but no, these were plans that00:36:30
the pilots did not share with us, now you can00:36:33
look into the past and think about it,00:36:35
but then all this was kept secret, it00:36:41
was the mission that shocked me00:36:43
most of all, the00:36:44
North Korean forces sent00:36:47
civilians to bring them supplies to front and00:36:49
our assignment was written that anyone00:36:51
who crosses the river moving south of the00:36:54
bridge is considered an enemy and00:36:57
unfortunately we had to stop this00:36:59
flow of people who walked across the bridge and these00:37:01
were civilians whom the North Koreans00:37:04
used for their own purposes, this is the sad00:37:07
side of military missions itself Sergei00:37:10
Kramarenko was00:37:11
shot down by American fighters in January 5200:37:13
and, according to him, the enemy violated the00:37:15
pilot code and opened fire on him00:37:18
when he had already ejected. He00:37:19
was saved by the fact that he was hidden from the Americans by00:37:21
clouds. Allies in one war and enemies in00:37:24
another. Have they ever seen those on the00:37:27
other side?00:37:39
were approaching and at the beginning of your life there were00:37:42
many personal meetings with Russians,00:37:48
unfortunately I did not have00:37:50
such an opportunity, I was not given it,00:37:52
it’s a pity I was thrown to the east and00:37:55
to the west, there were new amazing00:37:57
impressions everywhere, but I never came to00:38:00
Russia, it would be great to say that00:38:02
I have friends in Russia too,00:38:04
but I hope that this will still work out00:38:08
while former allies, Americans, Russians00:38:10
and Chinese, by the way, also allies blew00:38:13
each other up in Korea, Germany, which00:38:15
had been out of the war for a long time, gradually came to its00:38:17
senses in Russia, German specialists00:38:19
settled in, local residents got used to them00:38:22
and the Germans somehow became closer,00:38:24
unlike the Americans, of whom no one00:38:25
here even saw the eggs behind my mother00:38:28
to the point of tears, somewhere around the year forty-seven00:38:30
we began to play together with Russian00:38:32
children, in general, after the first two difficult00:38:35
years,00:38:36
some kind of good neighborliness was00:38:38
established even marriages between Germans and00:38:40
Russian women who lived in the00:38:42
Podberez region00:38:43
and it was allowed it was allowed00:38:46
starting 48 the father is good for the Yankees who ended up00:38:50
in Russia largely by accident along with the00:38:52
aircraft factory where he got a job just00:38:54
shortly before the deportation00:38:55
fate did not complain about the interface they had00:38:58
from the form factor vines from my father, I00:39:00
remembered what he said, we the Germans00:39:03
started this monstrous war, we caused the00:39:06
Russians unfortunate suffering, and00:39:08
it’s fair that now they brought us00:39:10
here so that we could take part in00:39:12
the construction of their country, so00:39:15
objectively he talked about it00:39:17
later, this became my point00:39:19
view of Olga and the idiot of you as of a man,00:39:22
Russian families lived right across from us.00:39:24
My friend Boris lived there with whom I loved00:39:27
to play chess. He had a00:39:29
delightful homemade toy there, a model of the00:39:31
Kremlin wall made of some red00:39:33
plastic with red stars, it was a00:39:36
wonderful thing, my favorite. Boris's toy00:39:38
also amazed me,00:39:45
here are the photographs of the German engineer Spur00:39:47
from the village, management near Samara, banks of the Volga,00:39:49
boat rides, preparation of00:39:52
firewood, open spaces that are out of reach,00:39:55
trips to the city only by agreement,00:39:57
compliance with the regime is monitored by a00:39:59
state security officer here, as it is not strange, the00:40:01
regime of life was stricter than in00:40:03
in the Moscow region, many were worried about the Savushkins, they weren’t00:40:06
allowed to be friends, and most likely00:40:09
they weren’t even00:40:12
allowed to develop that much on flax, but the local girls themselves had00:40:15
another friend, well, when they spoke00:40:18
at a meeting, who expressed this kind of00:40:21
complaint,00:40:22
well, they’re not allowed to walk freely with00:40:25
these like girls in the world, that’s why there00:40:33
were practically no such marriages by Soviet representatives;00:40:36
archival documents remember all this; that00:40:39
lower-level German specialists00:40:40
used to fight with Soviet ones;00:40:42
that the Germans, together with the Russians, tried00:40:44
to speculate in grain cards;00:40:47
that some of those who arrived00:40:48
praised the fascist order;00:40:51
why do they suddenly00:40:53
have to voluntarily go to work in the USSR and then00:40:56
voluntarily work ours in what is00:41:00
actually the enemy, so00:41:02
for the most part, of course, this attitude00:41:06
was, well, how can I say, forced to work in the00:41:08
underbelly near Moscow, the Germans,00:41:11
two years after their arrival, stopped00:41:13
beating on the street, in general, you can to00:41:15
say they accepted an asset and other evil into the family00:41:17
on our street, every now and then00:41:20
gangs of young Russians were robbing them, they00:41:22
attacked German children and adults00:41:24
in the first two years, even00:41:26
murder happened, conflicts continued00:41:28
continuously and the tension was00:41:30
enormous, but then in the forty-ninth00:41:32
fifties and then the passions subsided00:41:35
faiz legs, I remember how once we almost00:41:38
collided, we were separated by a house behind which00:41:41
local guys stood and we were in00:41:43
front and we began to throw stones blindly, I00:41:46
think I hit some guy and he00:41:48
screamed terribly, his father came, so you're00:41:52
early for our child, we're going to the police then00:41:54
my dad arrived in time and so we all went to the00:41:57
police, but no matter how00:41:58
we approached, the less decisively the00:42:00
adults went there, everyone understood that it was00:42:03
somehow stupid to go there with this, and they also00:42:06
told me that Russians in general are afraid of the police,00:42:08
something is always wrong with her not so and00:42:10
my dad apparently agreed,00:42:12
okay, let’s let your son get some00:42:15
chocolate bars and forget about it,00:42:18
that’s all, and we went away very happy.00:42:21
The most significant thing was that no one could00:42:24
say how long this semi-00:42:26
voluntary imprisonment would last, while there was no answer,00:42:29
the Germans tried to figure it out how the00:42:31
Soviet system works,00:42:32
Doctor of Technical Sciences Orlov recalled00:42:35
in 1950 the Germans took the initiative and00:42:39
asked to give them lectures on the history of the All-Russian Communist Party of00:42:41
Belarus everything was fine until we reached the00:42:44
fourth chapter of the short course in this00:42:46
chapter there is criticism of the philosophers of idealism00:42:49
Hegel Kant Hume and others and the Germans00:42:52
argued that these philosophers did not say00:42:54
what I tell them and everything is wrong and00:42:56
they gave quotes about which it is not in the short00:42:59
course, not in other manuals for it, it is not00:43:01
said that I was rescued by Doctor Cortes00:43:03
who stopped this discussion by saying,00:43:05
well, what do you want from this young00:43:08
man, after all? I haven’t read these authors in the original,00:43:10
let’s get around this00:43:12
issue by listening to two or three more lectures on the00:43:15
fight against Trotskyism00:43:16
and other mystical00:43:17
currents of the apparatus, the Germans got bored and stopped00:43:20
going to seminars,00:43:21
their conclusion was outrageous for us,00:43:23
everything is like ours in Germany, they00:43:26
said they too are fighting for power, you can00:43:29
talk that Stalin00:43:30
played a big role in the post-war confrontation,00:43:32
but Stalin died and00:43:34
the confrontation remained until they managed to00:43:36
quickly end the Korean War for00:43:38
participation in which Sergei Kramarenko received a hero star,00:43:41
but new crises followed, Charles00:43:44
McGee returned home, but in the sixties00:43:46
he was again sent to fight, now00:43:48
in Vietnam in Vietnam, I was engaged in00:43:52
tactical reconnaissance, we flew00:43:54
unarmed, our defense was speed,00:43:57
but we flew day and night, collecting00:43:59
information so that our forces knew what was00:44:02
happening around00:44:08
us, we are at the central museum of the armed forces,00:44:10
and this is the R9 missile, an intercontinental00:44:13
ballistic missile that, in the event of00:44:14
war, was supposed to unleash nuclear00:44:17
charges in the United States, what makes it00:44:19
remarkable is that in many ways00:44:21
they copy the technology of the Soviet00:44:24
R-1 rocket, which in turn was a copy of the00:44:26
German V-2 rocket, the same one with00:44:28
which Hitler bombed London at the00:44:31
end of the war,00:44:32
but Hitler also had broader plans.00:44:33
developed already began to00:44:35
develop an intercontinental missile00:44:37
that could finish off those connected00:44:39
to love the third Reich did not have time to die earlier00:44:42
but the deadly technology was preserved and00:44:45
look 20 years after the war and00:44:47
r9 is definitely fermenting in 1965 the00:44:50
technology is still working the00:44:52
victorious powers were able to take this00:44:54
technology Germany and direct it00:44:57
against each other00:44:58
[music]00:45:04
the work of German specialists for the00:45:06
Soviet defense complex, if it was00:45:08
a secret, it didn’t last long in the CR archives for00:45:10
September 52 we find a document about00:45:13
the organization of plant number one in00:45:15
Podberezye, which00:45:16
sets out in some detail how many departments there are at the plant00:45:19
they work and what they do there, we00:45:21
find an engineer from the 10th department of the00:45:23
eye b200:45:24
design of new aircraft and doctors Yankee00:45:26
chemical laboratory 30th department the source of00:45:30
the message is not declassified, perhaps it is00:45:32
one of the returning Germans; they began to be00:45:34
allowed home in 1950, but00:45:36
someone was detained longer especially Valuable00:45:39
personnel spent more than ten years in the USSR, the00:45:41
results of their work are visible today,00:45:43
the Germans designed a unique00:45:45
turboprop engine for the Soviet00:45:47
strategic bombers Tu-9500:45:50
Bear, this outstanding work was00:45:52
done in the administrative village near00:45:54
Kuibyshev and this was the demobilization chord of00:45:56
German specialists, you were in phase 3, Ulya Lisa00:45:59
before how to leave the Soviet00:46:01
Union, they clearly explained to my father what00:46:04
could happen to him if God forbid he00:46:06
reveals some secrets,00:46:08
and the secret was everything they did in the00:46:11
USSR, both private life and professional00:46:14
activity, we came to live in East00:46:16
Berlin, where my father was immediately offered to00:46:18
head the hydrodynamics department In an experienced00:46:20
driller in Berlin we were given a very good00:46:23
apartment plastic Dr. turned to Moscow00:46:26
how to make sure that these specialists did not00:46:28
leave for Germany and a decision was made that the00:46:31
GDR, with the support of the USSR, would have its own00:46:34
aircraft industry,00:46:38
the Germans who worked in the Soviet Union were contracted to00:46:40
create their own passenger00:46:41
airliner an00:46:42
exact copy of the Project 152 aircraft of00:46:44
which below was made for the Russians, and00:46:47
Conrad’s father worked in this bureau,00:46:49
but in the sixty-second year,00:46:51
new people came to the leadership of the GDR and the project was canceled, either00:46:54
they regretted the money or did not come in to00:46:56
create competition for the Soviet airliner,00:46:58
which at the same time time entered the world00:47:00
markets all that was left of the plane are these00:47:03
museum fragments of00:47:06
the fathers, many people don’t know both, but before00:47:10
sending back from Russia we had the right to00:47:12
decide for ourselves where to go to West00:47:15
Germany, East or Austria, dad00:47:18
definitely decided to return to East00:47:20
Germany,00:47:21
he said there my the work will be more necessary00:47:23
because Western affairs are already going00:47:25
well in the German Democratic Republic, my father was instructed to create00:47:28
the largest institute of instrument engineering and he00:47:30
headed it, but he was not too00:47:33
trustworthy, he did not join the party,00:47:36
so at 62 his post of director of00:47:38
the institute resigned, he did not fit in during this time of my00:47:44
misfortunes and that’s why I always wanted to be00:47:49
in Russia and Germany, I wanted my00:47:56
family back where I know everything, I know your friends,00:48:03
I was a boy of 11 years old, it was kind of00:48:07
necessary over the past decade, the00:48:10
victorious countries several times almost00:48:12
destroyed each other and the whole world in a00:48:14
nuclear conflict warming periods00:48:16
were short and today Russia is again00:48:18
opposing the West, although it seems there are00:48:20
no more reasons left, Russia no longer00:48:22
professes communism, the victory holiday,00:48:24
canceled by Stalin and revived by00:48:26
Brezhnev, again becomes the00:48:29
number one holiday, believing the run of00:48:31
Victory Day and why it is so important, scientists00:48:34
have traced how the Second World War and00:48:36
Victory Day became the core of00:48:38
Soviet identity, that revolutionary00:48:41
impulse that began in the seventeenth00:48:44
dried up and the victory over Nazism was a great00:48:46
victory,00:48:47
it really saved the Soviet Union00:48:49
from Hitler’s enslavement and saved00:48:52
Europe, I think that’s how we should talk about it,00:48:54
and it was the victory that saved the world, I think00:48:58
it’s right to say that well, but today00:49:00
there are nationalist and populist publications about the war,00:49:03
and this, it00:49:06
seems to me, is a step back for the00:49:08
Russian consciousness,00:49:10
this does not help anyone, I don’t even think00:49:13
that this helps Putin, I would argue00:49:16
that he can separate Stalin’s Russia,00:49:18
especially Stalin’s, but also00:49:20
Brezhnev’s, from modern Russia00:49:22
Today's Russia does not have to be the00:49:25
heir to Stalin, and just like we in the states00:49:27
do not have to be the heirs of the south of the00:49:30
south that lynched blacks in00:49:34
1945 there were no disputes about who00:49:35
won this war, but over 75 years00:49:38
the allies have conducted several campaigns00:49:40
against the falsification of history, so00:49:42
now everyone countries will take their own separate00:49:43
look at this, this does not concern00:49:46
professional historians,00:49:47
they came to an agreement on the basic00:49:48
factual interpretations, but do00:49:51
n’t always listen to professionals, and when the00:49:53
Cold War began, the00:49:54
entire history of the war, all these issues00:49:57
turned, of course, into a field, and while00:50:01
on the river of information, it’s time to compete00:50:04
was the course of their old, by the way, it’s not00:50:06
flattering who here is more at risk before00:50:08
more zealous here at the bar of his00:50:11
fork this is the kanchi publication of German00:50:13
captured documents 40 means the eighth00:50:16
year to which the answer was the famous our00:50:19
publications which fell edited00:50:21
the patch of the Cathars of history00:50:23
this Cold War in the sphere means00:50:27
memory and the narrative of the Second World War00:50:31
and gained momentum and we still00:50:33
feel that this is, in general, a rival00:50:36
such information propaganda00:50:38
unfortunately continued the00:50:39
victory parade in Moscow with the invitation of the00:50:42
leaders of the allied countries always emphasized00:50:44
who was not the main winner and00:50:46
this was projected onto everything current and00:50:48
future conflicts won in forty-five we00:50:51
will win and so on now the situation00:50:53
is unusual in forty-one the enemy stood near00:50:56
Moscow and the parade was now the enemy is invisible00:50:58
and there is no parade00:50:59
length order on May 9 a very complex and00:51:03
difficult operation it is necessary that it is00:51:07
completely still done00:51:09
where the defense of our people so that00:51:13
fewer people could be lost, the virus has really00:51:16
put our situation in a situation that hasn’t happened for a00:51:18
hundred years; a global disaster and this is not a00:51:20
war and humanity has nothing to do with uniting00:51:23
in the fight against an invisible enemy; in the past,00:51:25
plague epidemics only spur wars00:51:28
and sieges of cities,00:51:29
but in history what happened it00:51:31
didn’t have to happen we00:51:33
can choose00:51:35
you saw the war you saw the cities at war and00:51:38
now because of the corona virus people00:51:40
are locked up the streets are empty00:51:43
have you ever seen something like this00:51:44
but a virus that00:51:48
spreads around the world like this00:51:50
but this has never happened before but for the first time we00:51:53
see how attempts to overcome the virus are00:51:55
bringing different countries together,00:51:56
knowledge, medical methods do not belong to00:51:59
America, France or Germany, they00:52:02
belong to everyone, and probably this time,00:52:05
this period of our lives00:52:07
convinces us that this is how it should be,00:52:09
we may have different ideals,00:52:12
but we can act together share00:52:15
and be friends for windows cleaning00:52:21
[music]00:52:31
[music]Description:
Окончание Второй мировой войны стало для современной цивилизации важнейшим рубежом, отправной точкой строительства нового общества. Но многие надежды так и не оправдались — прежде всего надежды на то, что войн больше не будет никогда. Герои специального репортажа Сергея Морозова — люди, для которых бой не закончился в 1945-м. Это истории ветеранов войны из России и США, прошедших после Второй мировой и другие войны; а еще двух немецких семей, в которых отцы конструировали самолеты для Третьего рейха, — после войны их принудительно вывезли в СССР работать на советскую военную промышленность. Так или иначе всем им пришлось принять участие в тех войнах, которые развернулись уже после великой Победы. Если устали от новостей, подписывайтесь на наш второй канал: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC5HsrtwsFgFBG_JHxuoUieA Новые выпуски «На троих» — здесь. Подписывайтесь, чтобы не пропустить! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC56By-Pj2wWC99s0I6yRK5g Читайте и смотрите новости на сайте RTVI: https://rtvi.com/ Также все самое важное и интересное смотрите в нашем телеграм-канале: https://t.me/rtvimain И подписывайтесь на RTVI в других социальных сетях: Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser ВКонтакте: http://vk.com/rtvi Твиттер: http://twitter.com/rtvi Instagram: https://www.facebook.com/unsupportedbrowser Одноклассники: https://ok.ru/rtvi А еще у нас есть телеграм-канал рубрики «Такое» с новостями из мира музыки, кино и интернета: https://t.me/rtvireal И паблик «Такого» ВКонтакте: https://vk.com/takoe_rtvi
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